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WAEC Agricultural Science Questions and Answer Obj and Theory 2023/2024

WAEC Agric Questions and Answers for free to all Weac candidates In Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and The Gambia. On this page, all the Waec Agric questions and answers for 2023 and the most common questions and answers are released here.

Waec Candidates that applied for the West African Examination Council (WAEC) SSCE Examination will write their Waec Agric For general students. All details you need for you to be successful and pass this 2023 Waec Exam will also be given and make sure you read all through.

2023 Waec Agric Exam Papers

2023 Waec Agric Exam Papers Are

Waec Agricultural Science Essay Questions
Waec Agricultural Science Objectives Questions,

You are writing the 2 papers in only one day. In this post, the previous Year’s Waec questions and answers for Agricultural Science are released and the 2023 Waec Agric Exam Questions will also be released for those participating in the 2023 Waec examination.

2023 Waec Agric Questions and Answers Objective Questions (paper 1)

The 2023 Waec Agric questions and answers loading! 2023 Agricultural Science objective answers Loading!! 2023 Agric Science Theory Answers Loading!!! Kindly bookmark the website for the answers that will be released. or better still reload the site to check if the answers for the 2023 Waec Agricultural Science questions and answers have dropped.

Previous Year WAEC Agric Science Obj Answers.

1-10: BBCDBCAABC 11-20: DBABACADCA 21-30: AACBDDBBCA 31-40: CCBBBCBADB 41-50: DBCCDADBBD

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2023 Waec Agric Questions and Answers THEORY (paper 2)

The 2023 Waec Agric Theory questions and answers are loading! 2023 Agricultural Science Essay answers Loading!! 2023 Waec Agricultural Science Theory Answers Loading!!! Kindly bookmark the website for the answers that will be released. Better still reload the site to check if the answers for the 2023 Waec Agric Science questions and answers have dropped.

Previous year Agric Science Theory Answers

(1a) Subsistence Agriculture i) Farming practices in which crops are cultivated for local consumption. ii) Farms are small and food crops are cultivated such as rice and wheat. iii) Old tools and implements are used by the farmers. iv) Depends on monsoon and there is greater use of manpower. v)keep your family fed. Commercial Agriculture i) Farming practice in which goods produced are mainly for the market to get cash. ii) Farms are larger and cash crops are cultivated. Such as cotton, sugar-cane, jute. iii) Better implements are used and there are proper irrigation facilities. iv) Less of manpower is used. v)enables you to sell things like diamond mines and, in asia, tea or rubber plants.

(1b) INADEQUATE LAND i)Expand the budget for agriculture, the governmental investment in rural infrastructure and governmental land. ii)Plough back the revenues from till-land occupation tax and city maintenance fee into agriculture and rural economy INADEQUATE FINANCE i)Government can assist by setting up special local banks whose job is to extend credit to the rural farmers and will be announce on radio for adequate circulation of information. ii)The Federal Government established the Agricultural Co- operative and Credit Bank to serve this purpose. INCIDENCE OF DISEASE i)utilization of hospital services ii)vaccine efficacy (1c) agricultural ecology is the study of agricultural ecosystems and their components as they function within themselves and in the context of the landscapes that contain them. (1d) i)Pesticide leaching ii)Fertilizers iii)Organic contaminants iv)Soil erosion and sedimentation v)Tillage and nitrous oxide emissions

(2a) Farm surveying is the process by which measurement of land is made on farm by tables,plans or layout on a specific purpose. (2b) i)It is dangerous or fatal if carelessly handled. ii)It is very expensive. iii)It can cause fire hazards. iv)It is not always regular.

(2c) i)To maintain efficiency in operation. ii)To avoid damage. iii)To prevent the iron areas from corrosion. iv)To avoid breakage

(2d) Land according to agriculture refers to where productive activities such as growing of crops,rearing of animals and establishment of farmstead,etc are carried out. (2e) i)Population pressure;-When there is high population,there will be limited land for agriculture. ii)Mining;-Activities of mining r e nders the soil inadequate for agriculture iii)Topography;-Some lands are located in a place where they will not be favourable for some crops.

(3a) Staking is when yam is staked with strong stick or bamboo to ensure adequate exposure of the leaf surface to sunlight and increases yield (3b) The nusery needs of spacing 20cm x 20cm on a field of 3mx3m on a loamy soil containing organic matter in a filled up polythene bags.The seeds are sown with shade to prevent it from direct heating by the sun and water and weeding is done twice daily or every morning/ evening. (3c) i)To reduce the breakage of grains ii)It helps to bring vitamins to the outer layer of the grains iii)It reduces the labour requirement to remove husk iv)It saves time (3d) Advantages: i)It helps to increase the farmers income and standard of living ii)It gives access to forest product iii)It creates employment opportunities Disadvantages: i)Cultivation of selected crops ii)Reluctance in releasing fertile soil

6a) print i )newspaper ii)hand bills iii)pamplets media i)radio ii)televison iii)film show 6b) i)it is not at tendious as in the case of individual method ii)it enable extension workers to reach but to many farmers at a time iii)it saves time and money iv)it tends to show more intrest in what may be introduce 6c) assembling as a marketing function;this is the re-gathering of various produce brought form different sources.it is also involving the repackage of produce in readness for final consumption 6d) -maize streak symptom i)reduced yield control ii)destroy diseased plant iii) use resistant varieties -ground nut rosette symptoms i)yellow leaves with mosaic mottling control ii)early planting iii)uproot and burn infected plant 4a) -Artificial insemination:Is the process by which semen of a desired male animal is inserted into the vulva of the female ie no physical contact between two animals -Pen mating:Is the one which a group of male and female animals are allowed to mate at random without any preference -Individual mating:The farmer selects the mate and female animals to be material with preference

4b) DRAW THE DIAGRAM 4c) -They give beauty to the environment -They provide capital when sold -They help reduce green house effect -They are used for decoration purposes -They encourage pollination

Before you leave this page kindly make sure you understand and know how WASSCE grades your WAEC Subject. The reason why we are doing this, is not to frighten or scare you but to put you in check and see reasons why you need to be serious with your Agric science studies for the 2023 Agric Exam.

Waec Grading System For all Waec Candidates

Do you know that the West African Examination Council (WAEC) Board has published the Waec grading system of results? Kindly check below to see the meaning of the Waec Grading Result .

The table below shows candidates’ positioning of the Waec grading of results ranging from A1, B2, B3, C4, C5, C6, D7, E8, F9 are the complete list of Waec Grading Result. All Waec candidates must fall into one of the Waec Grading Systems.


A1	1	EXCELLENT
B2	2	VERY GOOD
B3	3	GOOD
C4	4	CREDIT
C5	5	CREDIT
C6	6	CREDIT
D7	7	PASS
E8	8	PASS
F9	9	FAIL

WAEC Gradi n g Percentage Scores

A1 Excellent 75% – 100%
B2 Very good 70% – 74%
B3 Good 65% – 69%
C4 Credit 60% – 64%
C5 Credit 55% – 59%
C6 Credit 50% – 54%
D7 Pass 45% – 49%
E8 Pass 40% – 45%
F9 Failure 0% – 44%

If you have been wondering where to get the best and latest Waec news updates and guide about Waec 2023, how to pass Waec, a timetable for 2022/2023 Waec, free online and hardcopy Waec past questions, and hot topics to read for Waec, latest news updates and Waec CBT practice platform, then subscribe to the newsletter or join our Forum

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WAEC GCE Agric Questions and Answers 2023/2024 (Essay and Objectives)

WAEC GCE Agric Questions and Answers 2023. I will be showing you the WAEC GCE Agricultural Science objective and theory questions for free. You will also understand how WAEC GCE Agric questions are set and many more examination details.

The West African Examination Council is an examination body that sets questions annually from areas student should, after their studies in the senior secondary school, be able to write and pass without stress.

WAEC GCE Agric Science answers and questions Objectives and Essay will be provided here and the authenticity of this WAEC GCE 2023 Agric solutions to questions has been tested and confirmed to be sure.

See: WAEC GCE Timetable

Table of Contents

WAEC GCE Agric Essay And Objective Questions and Answers 2023 (EXPO)

The WAEC GCE Agric Science answers will be posted here during the WAEC GCE Agriculture exam.

WAEC GCE Nov/December Agric Answers Loading… Keep checking and reloading this page for the answers

Today’s Agric Answers: Loading…

WAEC GCE Agric OBJ Answers: Loading…

1-10: BCBADCDDCB 11-20: DBCAACACAD 21-30: CDCCAADCAA 31-40: ACDADDABBD 41-50: BBACCAADCB

(1ai) Finance: (i) The lack of credit facilities or the high interest rates on available loans can hinder farmers from purchasing essential inputs (ii) Inssuficient allocation of funds by the governments and private sectors to support agricultural development (iii) Unequal Distribution of Financial Resources can hinder the development of agriculture (iv) Unpredictable weather conditions or pest infestations may make financial institutions hesitant to provide loans to farmers (1aii) Storage Facilities: (i) Insufficient storage infrastructure, such as warehouses and cold storage facilities. (ii) Lack of modern storage technologies, such as climate-controlled storage and efficient packaging methods (iii) Inefficient transportation systems make it challenging to transport agricultural produce from farms to storage facilities and markets quickly. (iv) Limited access to markets may discourage investments in quality storage facilities that could enhance the value and marketability of their goods. (1bi) Farm planning is the process of systematically organizing and managing various aspects of agricultural activities to achieve specific goals. It involves making informed decisions about resource allocation, production methods, and overall farm management. (1bii) PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Topography (ii) Soil type (iii) Climate condition (iv) Nearness to market (v) Financial resources (vi) Labor and Skill Availability (1c) (i) Farm planning optimizes resource allocation and enhances efficiency in agricultural activities. (ii) It helps farmers make informed decisions on crop selection and land use based on land suitability assessments. (iii) By considering financial requirements and budgeting, farm planning ensures proper financing for various farming needs. (iv) Understanding climatic conditions through farm planning allows for timely and strategic decisions on planting, irrigation, and harvesting. (v) Market research and access considerations in farm planning enable farmers to align production with market demands, increasing profitability. (vi) Incorporating sustainability practices in farm planning promotes long-term environmental balance and enhances the overall resilience of the farm ecosystem. (2ai) Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation: (i) Through the association of leguminous plants with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules. (ii) Through the association of non-leguminous plants with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in specialized structures. (2aii) Electrical Discharge: (i) Through lightning strikes, which convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrate or nitrite. (ii) Through electrochemical reactions in the soil, converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium ions. (2aiii) Ammonification: (i) Through the decomposition of organic matter by soil microorganisms, releasing ammonium ions. (ii) Through the breakdown of proteins and urea present in animal waste, releasing ammonium ions. (2bi) Monocotyledonous crops have a single seed leaf while dicotyledonous crops have two seed leaves. (2bii) (I) Monocotyledonous crops: (i) Rice (ii) Corn (iii) Wheat (II) Dicotyledonous crops: (i) Soybean (ii) Cotton (iii) Tomato (2c) (PICK FOUR ONLY) (i) Excessive use of synthetic fertilizers. (ii) Overgrazing by livestock. (iii) Deforestation and land clearing. (iv) Poor irrigation and water management practices. (v) Improper crop rotation and monoculture planting. (vi) Soil erosion due to improper tilling and land management. (vii) Heavy pesticide and herbicide use. (viii) Inadequate waste management and disposal of agricultural by-products. (3a) (i) Green Manure: Green manure refers to crops or plants, such as legumes or cover crops, grown and plowed into the soil while still green, adding organic matter, improving soil structure, and enhancing nutrient content. (ii) Farmyard Manure: Farmyard manure consists of organic materials like animal dung, bedding, and other farm residues that undergo decomposition, providing essential nutrients and improving soil fertility when applied to farmland. (iii) Compost: Compost is a type of organic manure produced through the decomposition of organic waste materials, including kitchen scraps and plant residues, resulting in a nutrient-rich, humus-like material that improves soil structure and fertility. (3bi) Advantages of Mixed Farming: (PICK ANY THREE) (i) Diversification of Income Sources. (ii) Enhanced Nutrient Cycling and Soil Fertility. (iii) Risk Reduction through Crop-Livestock Integration. (iv) Efficient Utilization of Resources. (v) Increased Resilience to Market Fluctuations. (3bii) Disadvantages of Mixed Farming: (PICK ANY THREE) (i) Complexity in Management and Planning. (ii) Potential for Disease Transmission Between Crops and Livestock. (iii) Competition for Limited Resources. (iv) Skill Intensiveness in Managing Different Enterprises. (v) Market Risks Associated with Varied Agricultural Products. (3ci) Fishery regulations are rules and guidelines established by government authorities to manage and control fishing activities, ensuring sustainable exploitation of fishery resources and conservation of aquatic ecosystems. (3cii) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Ban on the use of toxic chemicals/poisons (ii) Landing tax is paid based on the total catch and sizes of fish at landing sites (iii) Fishing areas are allocated to individual fishermen so as to curb indiscriminate interference within the large fishing areas (iv) No vessels (except canoes) shall fish within the first two nautical miles of the territorial waters a country’s continental shelf (v) No person shall operate or navigate any motorised fishing boat within the territorial water of other country unless a license in respect of that vessel has been issued (vi) Identified breeding section of water is normally restricted from fishing (vii) Fishing activities is restricted during rainy season (viii) The use of prescribed mesh size in fishing to protect young fish (ix) Ban on the discharge of pollutants or toxic materials into a country’s terririal water (x) Ban on the use of explosives in fishing except for the purpose of research (xi) Ban on the use of electric fishing except for the purpose of research (xii) Coastal areas to be constantly under surveillance to restrict foreign vessels from exploitation

(5ai) (PICK ONE) (i)Artificial insemination is a reproductive technique that involves the deliberate introduction of semen from a male animal into the reproductive tract of a female animal using techniques other than natural mating. (ii)Artificial insemination is a reproductive technique that involves introducing sperm into a female’s reproductive tract to achieve pregnancy. (5aii) (PICK ANY FIVE) (i)Potential introduction of infections during the process. (ii)Requires trained personnel for proper handling and execution. (iii)Initial setup costs for equipment and facilities can be high. (iv)Emotional stress due to repeated attempts (v)Overuse of certain high-performing donors can reduce genetic diversity. (vi)may not always guarantee conception. (5b) (PICK ANY FIVE) (i)Smallholder Farmers (ii)Large-scale Farmers (iii)Cooperatives and Farmer Groups (iv)Rural Communities (v)Women in Agriculture (vi)Youth in Agriculture (5ci) (PICK ANY TWO) (i)Ponds and Lakes (ii)Rivers and Streams (iii)Wells and Boreholes (iv)Watering Troughs or Tanks (5cii) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i)It aids in the breakdown of food, facilitating digestion and nutrient absorption. (ii)Water helps regulate body temperature in livestock (iii)It plays a role in various metabolic processes within the animal’s body. (iv)It essential for lactating animals to produce sufficient milk for their young. (v)Water is vital for proper hydration.(6ai) Agricultural insurance is a risk management tool that provides financial protection to farmers against losses arising from natural disasters, pests, diseases, or other unforeseen events affecting crop or livestock production.

(6aii) (PICK ANY FIVE) (i) Limited Awareness and Understanding. (ii) Inadequate Data for Risk Assessment. (iii) High Premium Costs. (iv) Insufficient Insurance Products Tailored to Smallholder Farmers. (v) Lack of Trust in Insurance Institutions. (vi) Government Involvement and Policy Support. (vii) Climate change and unpredictable weather patterns

(6bi) Increase in Income of Consumers: (PICK ANY ONE) (i) Demand is Likely to increase as consumers have higher purchasing power. (ii) Supply may increase due to higher profitability, encouraging more sweet potato cultivation.

(6bii) High Cost of Farm Inputs: (PICK ANY ONE) (i) Demand may decrease as production costs rise, reducing consumer affordability. (ii) Supply may decrease as farmers face challenges in sustaining production with expensive inputs.

(6c) (PICK ANY FOUR) (i) Inadequate Crop Rotation. (ii) Monoculture Farming Practices. (iii) Poor Soil Health and Nutrient Imbalance. (iv) Lack of Resistant Crop Varieties. (v) Climatic Conditions Favorable to Pests. (vi) Improper Storage and Handling Practices.

(6d) (PICK ANY THREE) (i) Bacteria. (ii) Antibiotics. (iii) Chemical Residues (iv) Mycotoxins

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Note: The answers below are the 2020 Nov/Dec answers.

Choose the corresponding option from your question.

1— stimulation of infrastructural growth 2— outright purchase 3—Purpose of selling in order to make profit 4— cutting of bold wood 5— Clean and store in cool and dry 6— encouraging cooperative farming 7— human power 8- drainage 9- inadequate capital 10- can only be used where it is found 11- Jute 12- acidity increases from PH8 to 13- basalt 14- 50% 15-dissolution of plant nutrient 16- increase in soil acidity resulting 17-mulching 18- increase vegetative growth in plant 19- reduce salt content 20- cocoa and oil palm

(i)they carry out research to improve or develop breeds of Animals.

(ii) extension project are founded and funded by them

(iii) provide basic amenities e;g water, feeder roads

(iv)they provide chemicals for the control of weeds and insect

(i) expensive to practice

(ii)land problem

(iii)poor storage facilities

(iv)pests and disease attack

(v)it causes pollution

(vi)it leads to unemployment because machines are used

This is the removal of tree

(i)cause erosion

(ii)leads to loss of nutrients

(iii)exposure the soil to sunlight

(iv)reduce water percolation rate

(v)reduce the amount of rainfall

(vi)reduce wild life population

i) *Disc plough*

1) it is design to work in all types of soil functions such as soil breaking

2)it is used to open, the new fields

3) it can be used easily at rocky and rooted areas

ii) *Disc Horrow*

1)it is used for cutting edges

2) it is used to till the soil where crops to be planted

3 it is also used to chop unwanted weeds or crop remainders

iii) Rider

1) it’s used for cultivating small ginger

2)it is used for gathering and heaping the loose soil

3) it is an implement which cuts and turn the soil into opposite direction

I) it influences the availability of many nutrients

ii) photosynthesis

iii) maintain temperature

iv) soil air is important because it is needed by many of the micro-organism that release plants nutrients to the soil

i) mechanical tiling or plowing

ii) control burning a weed infested to clear it for seeding of desirable plants

iv) it involves natural pest population control method.

i. Staking is the practice of driving a stake or rod into the ground close to a plant to provide support for its stems.

ii. Hardening off is a term used to refer to the processes necessary for a plant to become acclimated to its environment. In the spring, it’s common practice to gradually accustom greenhouse vegetable seedlings to full sunlight and drying winds before planting them.

iii. earthing up or ridging is the technique in agriculture and horticulture of piling soil up around the base of a plant. It can be done by hand (usually using a hoe), or with powered machinery, typically a tractor attachment.

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WAEC GCE Agriculture Practice Questions and Answers

The questions below are not exactly 2023 WAECE Agric science questions and answers but likely WAEC GCE Agric repeated questions and answers. These questions are strictly for practice.

1. Oestrogen in female animals is not responsible for

A. development of secondary sexual characteristics

B. on set of heat period

C. milk let – down after parturition

D. development of udder

2. A beef cow gained 75 kg over a period of two months and two days. What is its average weight gain?

A. 0.83 kg

B. 1.21 kg

C. 1.28 kg

D. 2. 25kg

3. A disadvantage of natural incubation is that

A. the eggs cannot be candled

B. the chicks are less healthy

C. the brooding hens sometimes abandon the eggs

D. it takes a longer time for eggs to hatch

4. Ruminants fed on dried grasses are given feed supplements to

A. increase in water intake

B. provide bulk to feed

C. reduce microbial activity

D. provide deficient nutrients

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5. Which of the following animal disease is not associated with malnutrition?

A. Aspergillosis

B. Acidosis

C. Milk fever

D. Rickets

6. The type of energy obtained from the sun for agricultural uses is known as

A. potential energy

B. mechanical energy

C. nuclear energy

D. solar energy

E. kinetic energy

7. Which of the following implements will be used for the next farm operation after clearing a new farmland?

A. harrow

B. ridger

C. cultivator

D. planter

E. plough

8. Which of the following cannot be used to rub the metal parts of farm tools before storage?

A. grease

B. palm oil

C. water

D. petroleum jelly

E. spent engine oil

9. The common surveying equipment for farmland includes the following except

A. ranging pole

B. prismatic compass

C. measuring tape

D. gunter’s chain

E. spade

10. An example of fungal disease of stored grains is

A. rosette

B. wilt

C. soft rot

D. damping off

E. mould

If you have any questions about the 2023 WAEC GCE Agric Science questions and answers, do well to let us know in the comment box.

Last Updated on December 1, 2023 by Admin

11 thoughts on “WAEC GCE Agric Questions and Answers 2023/2024 (Essay and Objectives)”

No questions to the essay

Please drop the agric practical question we are starting on Friday

Please can I get a notification on every exams.2023 waec gce

Pls I need the practical for gce 2023 second series Thanks

Please drop agric alternative to practical for 2023

Pls can u give me agric past question and answer for 2023 at 10:30 pls

Yes this time

Please am writing external neco can you help me?? Am starting on Monday so can u be send me answers?? Please

pls can u drop agric practical tomorrow morning

Please drop the 2021 Agri gce answer

Please can u just drop the answer now we have started written the exam

Agricultural Science 2023 WAEC Past Questions

Seedlings are best transplanted in the field

A. early in the morning and late in the evening
B. at midday and at dusk
C. early in the morning and at midday
D. late in the morning and late in the evening

If 200 ml of water was poured on a soil sample in a beaker and 25% of the water drained through the soil, determine the amount of water retained in the soil.

A combine harvester is mainly used for harvesting

B. groundnut

The diagram above illustrates a reproductive process in a farm animal. Study it and answer the question. The reproductive process illustrated by the diagram is

A. lactation
A. gestation
C. ovulation

The diagram above illustrates a reproductive process in a farm animal. Study it and answer the question. The parts which protect the foetus from mechanical injury are labelled

A. I and III
B. I and II
C. III and IV
D. II and III
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WAEC Questions and Answers

WAEC Agric Questions And Answers 2023 | Essay & Objective

WAEC Agric Questions and Answers 2023 | Essay and Objective is now online

Are you a candidate of the 2023 May/June WAEC Examination, Ensure that you do not take any information contained in article for granted. By the time you have read this article carefully to the end, you will have seen the complete WAEC Agricultural Science Questions and Answers for the 2023 Examination.

WAEC Agricultural Science is one of the easiest subjects that are taken in the examination. The reason why so many candidate do find it difficult is because they have not come across the kind of secret that I am about to reveal to you in this article.

If you are excited about this information and you would like to get more detailed information on WAEC Agric Questions and Answers 2023, kindly read this article to the end.

Updated May/June WAEC timetable for 2023 | Nigeria, Ghana, Gambia, Sierra Leone & Liberia

How To Check WAEC Result 2023 | Online & Offline

WAEC Agric Theory Questions 2023

All the Essay questions that you are going to see in this section are what you should expect in the 2023 WAEC Agricultural Science Examination.

Answer one question only from this section. 1. (a) State four benefits of agriculture to the economy of West African countries. [4 marks] (b) Enumerate four functions of agro-service centres in your country. [4 marks] (c) Outline four routine tractor maintenance practices. [4 marks] (d) State two functions of each of the following parts of the farm tractor: (i) three-point linkage; (ii) hydraulic lever. [4 marks] 2. (a) Explain the term farm mechanization. [2 marks] (b) Mention three advantages and three disadvantages of farm mechanization. [ 6 marks] (c) Give two merits of the use of draught animals in farm operations. [2 marks] (d) Outline three roles of science and technology in agricultural development under the following headings: (i) pest and disease control; (ii) meteorology and climatology. [ 6 marks]

Answer one question only from this section. 3. (a) Mention two sources of irrigation water. [2 marks] (b) Enumerate two advantages and two disadvantages of irrigating farmlands. [4 marks] (c) List two ways by which the soil loses nutrients. (d) Give two reasons for manuring in crop production. [2 marks] (e) State two ways by which each of the following environmental factors affect agricultural production: [2 marks] (i) temperature; (ii) soil micro-organisms; (iii) wind. [ 6 marks] (a) List three edaphic factors that influence crop growth. [3 marks] 4. (b) Explain the following terms as used in soil and water conservation: (i) gravitational water; (ii) hygroscopic water. (c) State two deficiency symptoms of each of the following nutrient elements in crops: [4 marks] (i) nitrogen; (ii) phosphorus; (iii) potassium. [ 6 marks] (d) State three benefits derived from draining farmlands. [3 marks]

Answer one question only from this section. (a) Define the term nursery as used in crop production. [2 marks] (b) Give three reasons for establishing a nursery in crop production. (c) Mention three characteristics of weeds that make them difficult to control. [3 marks] (d) List two methods of controlling weeds. [3 marks] (e) State three ways by which diseases are spread among crops. [2 marks] (f) Mention three effects of diseases on crops. [3 marks]

6. (a) List four cereal crops grown in West Africa.

[3 marks] (b) State three benefits of forests to the economic development of your country. [2 marks] (c) With the aid of a diagram, describe the life cycle of the variegated grasshopper.

[ 6 marks] (d) List three cultural methods of controlling crop pests. [3 marks] tops (e) Give two uses of oil palm. curata y [2 marks]

Answer one question only from this section. (a) Give three reasons why fish farming is important. warmer (0) [3 marks] (b) State three factors that influence the choice of a suitable site for a fish pond.0 [3 marks] (c) Mention two sources of each of the following feed nutrients: (i) water; (ii) proteins; (iii) carbohydrates; (vi) vitamins. [ 8 marks] (d) Mention two ways by which roundworm infestation is of economic anionet importance in livestock production. 8. (a) What is animal improvement? [2 marks] (b) Give three aims of animal improvement. [2 marks] (c) Define each of the following terms as used in animal reproduction: [3 marks] (i) parturition; (ii) gestation period. [4 marks] (d) Name three systems in the body of farm animals. [3 marks] (e) Mention four advantages of castration in animal production. [4 marks]

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WAEC Agric Past Questions and Answers in PDF Format

Click the link below to download a compiled WAEC Agricultural Science Past Questions and Answers in a PDF format.

1. The device which helps to regulate heat in an incubator is the A. thermometer. B. hygrometer. C. insulator. D. thermostat.

2. Which of the following statements about crop production is Not correct? A. Onions are commonly grown in the rainforest zones. B. Yam, cocoyam and cassava are grown in both the rainforest and the savanna regions. C. Some foreign vegetable crops are grown in and around urban centres. D. Carrots are commonly grown in the savanna and moist vegetation belts.

3. Which of the following is a disadvantage of surface irrigation? A. The quantity of water lost is high. B. Water is evenly distributed over the farmland C. It is very cheap to operate. D. The system is suitable for paddy rice cultivation.

4. Fine soil tilth is produced by the use of A. Harrow. B. Plough. C. Ridger. D. Mower.

5. The problems of farm mechanization in West Africa include the following except A. reduction of farm drudgery. B. small farm holdings. C. poverty of farmers. D. poor topography.

If you really want to Pass WAEC Agric Examination at one Sitting , I want to let you know that there are things that you must do to score very high in the examination. Those are what I have tag as “Tips on How To Pass WAEC Agric Examination”. They including the following:

Read according to the WAEC Agric Syllabus
Study past Questions Regularly
Learn How to Manage time well
Consult more than one Textbooks

Once you can put the above strategies into practice, your passing the examination is assured.

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WAEC GCE Agric 2023 Questions & Answers Obj and Essay Free Expo

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WAEC GCE Agric Questions 2023 Objective and Essay

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Free 2023 WAEC Agric Expo Questions (Complete Obj&Essay) Ditto/Runz

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Whatsapp us @ 09030866320 For Real Free 2023 WAEC Agric Expo Questions & Ditto May/June | 2023/2024 WAEC Agric Runz If you're a student preparing for the 2023 West African Examinations Council (WAEC) Agric exam, you might be searching for free resources to help you study. Fortunately, there are many online resources available that can help you prepare for the exam, including free past questions and answers, study materials, and tutorials. Are you preparing for the 2023 Waec Agric Expo Runz exam and in need of some assistance? Look no further Politicalchief.com will give you a comprehensive guide to the correct 2023 Waec Agric Expo Runz Questions & Answers May/June. Take a look at Agric Specimen For WAEC 2023/2024 Runz Looking for free 2023 agricultural science questions and answers pdf, 2023 waec agric questions, waec marking scheme for agricultural science may/june, gce agric past question, waec agricultural science practical past questions, agricultural science waec 2022 questions and answers, 2022/2023 waec agric science answers, agric waec question 2022, waec agricultural science practical past questions, waec agric practical past questions pdf, agricultural science past papers pdf, objective questions on agricultural science ss1, waec agric past questions and answers pdf, 2023 agricultural science questions and answers pdf In this article, we'll provide you with a comprehensive guide to get verified 2023 WAEC Agric runz, including an overview of the exam, tips for preparing, and where to find free resources. Visit www.Politicalchief.com For Real 2023 Waec Agric Expo OR Whatsapp 09030866320 Overview of the 2023 WAEC Agric Exam The West African Examinations Council (WAEC) is an international examination board that conducts exams for high school students in English-speaking West African countries, including Nigeria, Ghana, Sierra Leone, The Gambia, and Liberia. The WAEC Agric exam is a high school level exam that tests students' knowledge of agriculture. CLICK HERE TO GET FREE WAEC 2023 Agricultural Science QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS DIRECTLY ON WHATSAPP MAY/JUNE EXAM RIGHT NOW The 2023/2024 WAEC Agric Runz Exam is just around the corner starting Thursday, 18th May, 2023 Agricultural Science 2 (Essay) – 2:00pm – 4:10pm Agricultural Science 1 (Objective) – 4:10pm – 5:00pm and it's important to be well-prepared. We will provide you with all the information you need to excel in this confirmed 2023 waec Agric answers Essay/Obj/Theory May/June CLICK HERE TO GET FREE WAEC 2023 Agricultural Science QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS DIRECTLY ON WHATSAPP MAY/JUNE EXAM RIGHT NOW What is the 2023/2024 WAEC Agricultural Science Runz Exam? The 2023/2024 WAEC Agric Runz Exam is an exam conducted by the West African Examination Council (WAEC). The 2023 WAEC Agric exam will consist of two papers: Paper 1 (Objective) and Paper 2 (Essay). Paper 1 will last for 1 hour and 30 minutes and will consist of 50 multiple-choice questions. Paper 2 will last for 2 hours and 30 minutes and will consist of 7 essay questions. The exam covers a wide range of topics, and it can be challenging if you're not adequately prepared. In addition, the exam is highly competitive, with thousands of students taking it every year. Therefore, if you want to stand out and score high marks, you need to be well-prepared. People also check: 2023/2024 WAEC Further Maths Runz Conclusion Preparing for the WAEC 2023 Agric exam requires dedication, hard work, and access to free study materials. Free 2023 WAEC Agric answers are excellent resources for preparing for the exam. Use them effectively, and you'll be well on your way to scoring high marks in the exam.

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Here is WAEC Agric Questions Answers 2022/2023:Objectives and Essay

Here is WAEC Agric Questions Answers 2022/2023:Objectives and Essay – WAEC Agric Questions and Answers 2022. Therefore, I will be showing you WAEC Agric Science objective and theory repeated questions for free. And, in fact, you will also understand how WAEC Agriculture questions are set and many more examination details.

Table of Contents

The West Africa Examination Council (WAEC)

This is an examination body in Nigeria that conducts the Senior Secondary Certificate Examination. It also conducts the General Certificate in Education in May/June and November/December respectively.

WAEC Agricultural Science Objectives and Essay Answers

The questions below are the WAEC Agriculture Questions. Go through them and be ready to score high in your WAEC 2021 Agric Examination.

Paper 1 (Objective)

Which of the following statements about crop production is Not correct? A. Onions are commonly grown in the rainforest zones. B. Yam, cocoyam and cassava are grown in both the rainforest and the savanna regions. C. Some foreign vegetable crops are grown in and around urban centres. D. Carrots are commonly grown in the savanna and moist vegetation belts.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of surface irrigation? A. The quantity of water lost is high. B. Water is evenly distributed over the farmland C. It is very cheap to operate. D. The system is suitable for paddy rice cultivation.
Fine soil tilth is produced by the use of A. Harrow. B. Plough. C. Ridger. D. Mower.
The problems of farm mechanization in West Africa include the following except A. reduction of farm drudgery. B. small farm holdings. C. poverty of farmers. D. poor topography.
The device which helps to regulate heat in an incubator is the A. thermometer. B. hygrometer. C. insulator. D. thermostat.

Here is WAEC Agric Questions Answers

The problems associated with land tenure through inheritance include the following except

A. small land holdings for family members B. hatred among family members arising from land sharing C. right of individuals to free use and control of inherited land D. individuals being restricted to their plots E. difficulty to sell part of the inherited land

Soil texture is described as the A. distribution of the different sizes of soil particles B. arrangement of soil particles in a soil sample C. rate at which water moves through the soil D. degree to which air spaces aerate the soil E. distribution of soil particles in a sample
The alternate heating and cooling of rocks result in A. sublimation B. volatilization C. fragmentation D. solidification E. sedimentation
Which of the following factors influence agricultural production is biotic factor? A. parasite B. soil PH C. topography D. soil texture E. temperature
Granite is A. a sedimentary rock B. a weathered rock C. metamorphic rock D. an igneous rock E. a plutonic rock
Which of the following farm practices can prevent excessive evaporation from soil surfaces? A. liming B. mulching C. weeding D. harrowing E. ploughing
The type of rocks formed from the molten magma is known as A. sedimentary B. igneous C. metamorphic D. schist E. sandstone
The relationship between the microorganisms and plant in the nitrogen cycle is best described as A. parasitism B. commensalism C. competition D. symbiosis E. saprophytism
The type of energy obtained from the sun for agricultural uses is known as A. potential energy B. mechanical energy C. nuclear energy D. solar energy E. kinetic energy
A situation where only specified trees in a forest reserve are cut down is known as A. selection B. afforestation C. reforestation D. selective exploitation E. deforestation
The causative organism of maize rust is A. a fungus B. a virus C. a bacterium D. an insect E. a nematode
The reproductive cells of crops are called A. gametes B. genes C. chromosomes D. anthers E. zygotes
The agent of controlled pollination in plants is A. wind B. insect C. man D. bird E. water
The head of the tapeworm is known as the A. sucker B. rostellum C. scolex D. hook E. segment
A piece of land is said to be on lease to a farmer when the land is A. inherited from the father B. given to him as a gift C. given as compensation D. purchased on credit E. given for a specified period on rental basis

PAPER 2 [Essay] Answer any four questions. Write your answers on the answer booklet provided.

(a) Explain the term farm mechanization. (b) List six limitations of farm mechanization in West Africa. (c) Suggest eight possible ways of encouraging the use of farm mechanization to improve agricultural production in West Africa.
(a) Explain the term soil. (b) List four characteristics of loamy soil. (c) (i) Draw an annotated diagram of the water cycle. (ii) List the three types of soil water.
(a) (i) Explain the term agriculture. (ii) List three industries that utilize cereals as their raw materials. (b) Outline six problems that hinder the attainment of self-sufficiency in food production in West Africa. (c) Enumerate five benefits of commercial farming.
(a) Explain each of the following terms as used in crop production: (i) grafting; (ii) thinning; (iii) staking. (b) State two reasons for adopting each of the crop production activities listed in 4(a). (c) Mention the botanical names of two species of yam. (d) State two uses of ginger.
(a) (i) Explain the terms line breeding and inbreeding as used in animal improvement. (ii) State three advantages and three disadvantages of inbreeding. (b) State four factors that determine the amount of water required by farm animals. (c) Give four sources of calcium in the diet of livestock.
(a) What is fish farming? (b) Define the following terms as used in fish farming: (i) stocking rate; (ii) fingerlings; (iii) polyculture; (iv) fishing gears. (c) List four factors that influence the water requirements of farm animals. (d) Discuss foot-and-mouth disease under the following headings: (i) causal agent; (ii) symptoms; (iii) control.

7 . (a) Differentiate between land ownership by leasehold and land ownership by freehold. (b) Mention five ways in which non-governmental organizations contribute to agricultural development in West Africa. (c) State four ways in which rural-urban migration has hindered agricultural development in West Africa. (d) Mention three socio-economic uses of land. (e) Explain two ways by which each of the following environmental factors affect agricultural production: i. soil organisms; ii. soil texture.

ANS: (a) Leasehold involves the payment of fees for land used over a stated period of time under agreed specified conditions WHILE freehold is the outright purchase of land (permanent ownership) (c) Ways in which rural-urban migration has hindered agricultural development in West Africa – Shortage/ scarcity of farm labour – Causes high cost of farm labour – Poor quality of labour in rural areas resulting in low productivity – Decrease in food production/food insecurity – Decrease in export – Inadequate supply of raw materials to agro industries – Poor adoption of agricultural innovation due to ageing farming population.

(a) (i) List the four factors of agricultural production. (ii) State the reward for each factor you have listed in 8(a)(i). (b) Outline three functions of the wholesaler in agricultural marketing. (c) State two objective of agricultural extension. (d) Mention five examples of group extension teaching methods
(a) List four factors that affect the efficiency of agricultural labour. (b) Outline four ways in which capital is important in agricultural production. (c) List five agencies that are involved in agricultural extension programmes in West Africa. (d) Give three reasons why governments in West Africa should encourage agricultural extension services.
(a) Draw and label the digestive system of a ruminant animal. (b) Describe the process of digestion in the ruminant animal.
Agric Questions Answers 2022/2023:Objectives and Essay
Biology Questions and Answers
Financial Accounting Past Questions & Answers
Further Maths Past Questions & Answers
Latest Secondary Education updates
Physics 2021 WAEC Questions & Answers
English Language for WAEC May/ June 2021
How to become a professional
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Chemistry Questions for 2021/2022 WAEC
Secondary Education List of Subjects – WAEC approved
Tips for Successful Professionals
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WAEC Agric Science Past Questions | FREE DOWNLOAD

WAEC Agric Questions – Free WASSCE past questions for Agricultural Science.

Here is collection of Agricultural Science past examination questions to assist you with your studies for the West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) for both School and GCE candidates.

If you are in your last stage of Secondary School Education (May/June) or not in the School system (GCE), the importance of using old exam papers in preparing for your West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE), cannot be over emphasised. By using past exam papers as part of your preparation, you can find out what you already know. By the same token you also find out what you do not know well enough or don’t know at all.

See: WAEC Timetable for May/June Candidates and WAEC Timetable for GCE Candidates .

What is more, the WAEC past questions for Agric Science can also be used as an organisational tool to manage your time better, as you can plan according to each section of the paper.

As a matter of fact, revision is more better than memorising facts and going over notes. You can practise for your Agricultural Science WAEC Exam by answering real questions from past papers. This will give you a better chance of passing.

WAEC Past Questions for Agric

Click on the year you want to start your revision.

Agricultural Science Paper 2 (Objective Test and Essay) – November 2000
Agricultural Science Paper 2 (Objective Test and Essay) – June 2001
Agricultural Science Paper 2 (Objective Test and Essay) – November 2002
Agricultural Science Paper 2 (Objective Test and Essay) – June 2004
Agricultural Science Paper 2 (Objective Test and Essay) – November 2006
Agricultural Science Paper 2 (Objective Test and Essay) – June 2008
Agricultural Science Paper 2 (Objective Test and Essay) – November 2011

Do you have any other past question(s) other than the ones listed here? If yes, don’t hesitate to share them with others by sending it to [email protected] .

You have to keep trying more than one exam to increase your success in the forthcoming WAEC Exam.

Recommended:

WAEC Syllabus For Agricultural Science .
WAEC Sample Questions and Scheme For Agricultural Science .
WAEC Past Questions and Answers For Other Subjects .

WAEC Agric Questions and Answers 2024 Objective and Essay

Post author: Study Admin
Post published: November 18, 2023
Post category: School News
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WAEC agricultural science 2024 answers are now available. WAEC agric questions and answers 2024/2025 objective and essay and other exam details for WASSCE 2024 are on this page. See the 2024 WAEC agric answers for both objective and theory below. Get the WAEC agric objective and essay answers here.

The 2024 agric WAEC OBJ and theory questions and answers are provided here for free. All you have to do is to go through the questions and take note of the WAEC agricultural science answers 2024. Read on to find out.

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We have the 2024 WAEC agric questions and our team of experts will soon upload the WAEC agric questions and their accurate answers to help you pass the 2024 WAEC agric examination.

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WAEC Agric Answers 2024 Objective and Theory

The West Africa Examinations Council (WAEC) is an examination body in Nigeria that conducts the Senior Secondary Certificate Examination and the General Certificate in Education in May/June and November/December respectively.

The 2024 WAEC agric questions are set from the SS1 to SS3 agric syllabus. So all the questions you will encounter in this year’s examination are in the syllabus, and nearly 90% of the questions are repeated.

You don’t have to worry about the 2024 WAEC agric questions and answers PDF (essay and objective). The WAEC agric answers 2024 will be uploaded any moment from now. All you need to do is to keep refreshing this page so as not to miss out.

Once again, keep refreshing this page because we will upload the original WAEC agric questions and answers for this year’s exams on this page at any moment from now. Also, to download the past questions and answers, click on this link WAEC agric past questions .

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WAEC Syllabus for Agricultural Science & Textbooks 2024/2025

The WAEC syllabus for the Agricultural Science is the topic you must study to sit for the examination. It contains the aims and objectives, notes and format for the Agricultural Science exam .

Waec agricultural science.

Candidates will be expected to answer questions on all the topics set out in the column headed syllabus .

In order to enhance effective teaching/learning process and better performance of candidates, continuous assessment of candidates is recommended.

Examination Scheme

There will be three papers: Papers 1, 2 and 3 all of which must be taken. Papers 1 and 2 will be a composite paper to be taken at one sitting.

PAPER 3: Will be a practical paper for school candidates and alternative to practical paper for private candidates.

WAEC Aricultural Science Syllabus

Basic concepts, agricultural ecology, agricultural engineering/mechanization, crop production, ornamental plants, crop protection, animal production, agricultural economics and extension, practical agricultural science, agricultural enginering/mechanization, waec agricultural science textbooks, related posts:, enter your email here, blessing olarewaju, 9 thoughts on “waec syllabus for agricultural science & textbooks 2024/2025”.

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Waec GCE Agric Science Expo (Objective & Essay) 2023

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Table of Contents

What is WAEC GCE Exam

The General Certificate of Education (GCE) is a subject-specific family of academic qualifications that awarding bodies in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Crown dependencies and a few Commonwealth countries, notably Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Malaysia and Singapore, confer on students

The West African Examinations Council ( WAEC ) is an examination board established by law to determine the examinations required in the public interest in the English-speaking West African countries, to conduct the examinations and to award certificates comparable to those of equivalent examining authorities internationally

Subjects Selection

English Language and Mathematics have been automatically selected for you because they are compulsory. You are required to select the other subjects you wish to register for in this examination. Please note that a minimum of Seven (7) and a maximum of Nine (9) subjects are allowed (English Language and Mathematics inclusive).

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WAEC GCE is not easy as you think, this particular exam is meant for working class, externals. Mr Legit always advise that is better for you to go any length to pass your exam rather than coming back for the same exam due to failure. Never pass twice but once. You get the point now. Finally we give advice, finally decision is left for you to work on.

What is WAEC GCE Agric Science Expo 2023

WAEC GCE Agric Science Expo 2023 or WAEC GCE Agric Science Runs 2023 is a process through which candidates gets upper hand to excel in Agric Science Exam day. It takes nothing but sacrifice to succeed. Read hard and subscribe to us to get A’s and B’s in WAEC GCE Exam.

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WAEC Nov/Dec Agric Science Exam Date

Subject : Agric Science Objective and Essay

Exam Type: GCE Waec (2nd Series)

Date: 1st Thursday December 2023

Time for GCE Waec Agric Science Essay : 9:30 am – 11:40am

Time for GCE Waec Agric Science Objective : 11:40am – 12:30pm

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WAEC Agric Questions and Answers 2023 (100% Sure) Theory & Obj Solution

Get free Verified WAEC Agric Questions and Answers 2023. WAEC May/June Free Agric EXPO answers. West African Examinations Council Agricultural science Theory and Objective Answers for you to have good WAEC result. You will also understand how WAEC Agric questions are set and how to answer them. The West African Examinations Council is an examination board saddled with the responsibility of setting, testing and conducting WASSCE in all West African country.

Please Note that the WAEC 2023 Agric Questions and Answers and any other WAEC expo is provided by us for free. We understand that a lot of website charge of collect money from student to provide WAEC expo Agricultural science Answers to them. WAEC questions and answers are provided for free. We will do same during Other Exam like WAEC GCE.

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Best eductional blog in nigeria, waec agric questions and answers 2024 objective and essay.

May 4, 2024 Agunwa Franklin Post UTME 0

WAEC Agric Questions | For those seeking the WAEC Agric 2024 exam answers, your search ends here. Our team has meticulously compiled the questions and accurate answers for both the objective and theory sections of the exam.

WAEC Agric Questions and Answers 2024: Have you been all over the internet for the WASSCE Agric questions and answers for 2024? Look no further.

We’re ready with the 2024 WAEC Agric questions, and our expert team will soon upload the questions along with their precise answers to aid you in acing the 2024 WAEC Agric examination.

Stay tuned as we’ll be uploading the 2024 WAEC Agric theory questions and objectives shortly. Whether you’re seeking the WAEC Agric answers for 2024’s objective or theory sections, you’re in the right place. Find the WAEC Agric objective and essay questions and answers below.

WAEC Agric Answers 2024 Objective and Theory

The West Africa Examinations Council (WAEC) administers the Senior Secondary Certificate Examination and the General Certificate in Education in Nigeria during May/June and November/December respectively.

The 2024 WAEC Agric questions are sourced from the SS1 to SS3 Agric syllabus. Thus, all questions in this year’s examination are syllabus-based, with nearly 90% being repetitions.

No need to fret over obtaining the 2024 WAEC Agric questions and answers PDF (essay and objective). The WAEC Agric answers for 2024 will be available shortly. Simply refresh this page to stay updated and avoid missing out.

Refresh this page periodically as we’ll soon upload the authentic WAEC Agric questions and answers for this year’s exams. Additionally, you can access past questions and answers by clicking this link: WAEC Agric Past Questions

Should you have any inquiries regarding the 2024 WAEC Agric questions and answers, feel free to utilize the comment box below or click the Chat With Us button, and we’ll promptly respond.

Stay tuned as we’re gearing up to post the 2024 WAEC Agric answers here. Keep checking back and refreshing this page for the correct answers. The WAEC 2024 Agric answers are on their way.

Beware : There’s no such thing as WAEC Agric expo 2024 online. All students are advised to steer clear of online fraudsters/vendors claiming to offer such services.

WAEC Agric Questions and Answers 2024 Objective and Essay

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Agricultural Science Waec Syllabus

Below is this years Waec Syllabus for Agricultural Science. Note that this syllabus is for both internal and external candidates.

Aims and Objectives

stimulate and sustain students’ interest in agriculture
enable students acquire functional knowledge and practical skills to prepare them for further studies and occupation in agriculture

Scheme of Examination

There will be three papers: Papers 1, 2 and 3, all of which must be taken. Papers 1 and 2 will be a composite paper to be taken in one sitting.

It will consist of fifty multiple-choice questions to be answered within 50 minutes for 50 marks.

It will consist of six essay questions, with each drawn from at least two themes in the syllabus. Candidates will be required to answer five of the questions within 2 hours and 10 minutes for 90 marks.

This will be a practical paper for school candidates and an alternative to practical paper for private candidates. It will consist of four questions, all of which should be answered within 1½ hours for 60 marks.

Instructions to Schools

Every school offering Agricultural Science must:

Establish a farm where crops are grown.
Keep at least one species of ruminant and one nonruminant.
Establish a fish pond where feasible.

Candidates should have practical notebooks which should contain records of individual activities based on laboratory and individual observations carried out on the school farms, field trips and also records of specimens collected.

In order to enhance the effective teaching/learning process and better performance of candidates, continuous assessment of candidates is recommended.

The main objectives of the Senior Secondary School Agricultural Science Curriculum are to:

Stimulate and sustain students’ interest in agriculture;
Enable students to acquire functional knowledge and practical skills to prepare them for further studies and occupations in agriculture.

It is recommended that the study of Agricultural Science in the Senior Secondary School be supplemented by visits to well-established government and private experimental and commercial farms, agricultural research institutes and other institutions related to agriculture.

Detailed Agricultural Science Syllabus

Basic concepts.

Definition and branches of agricultural science.
Importance of agriculture to the individual, community and nation
land tenure;
basic amenities;
transportation;
storage and processing facilities;
agricultural education and extension;
tools and machinery;
farm inputs;
marketing system;
environmental degradation.
Possible solutions to identified problems
Meaning of subsistence and commercial agriculture
Differences between subsistence and commercial agriculture based on their characteristics.
Advantages and disadvantages of subsistence and commercial agriculture.
Problems of subsistence and commercial agriculture.
Agricultural education
Agricultural extension services.
Agricultural policies and programmes
Meaning of non-governmental organizations (NGOs).
Roles of NGOs in agricultural development.
Land tenure systems in West Africa.
Government laws on land use in West Africa.
Advantages and disadvantages of the land use Act (Decree) and reforms in West Africa

AGRICULTURAL ECOLOGY

Meaning of agricultural ecology and ecosystem.
Components of farm ecosystem, e.g., biotic and abiotic
Interactions of the components in the terrestrial and aquatic agro-ecosystem.
Meaning of land.
Characteristics of land – free gift of nature, immobile, limited in supply etc.
crop production;
wild life conservation/game reserve;
livestock production, etc.
transport, etc.
topography;
land degradation;
soil pollution.
population pressure
expansion of industries
mining/mineral exploitation
recreation/tourism
land tenure system
religious purpose (church, mosque and shrine) etc.
paper industry: pulp wood;
beverage industry (cocoa, tea, etc.);
textile industry: cotton;
soap industry: oil, seeds, etc
Agriculture provides a market for industrial products, e.g., farm machinery and chemicals;
Agriculture provides food for industrial workers.
Climatic factors, e.g., rainfall, temperature, light, wind, relative humidity.
Biotic factors, e.g., predators, parasites, soil micro-organisms, pests, pathogens and weeds; interrelationships such as competition, parasitism, and mutualism (symbiosis).
Edaphic factors: soil pH, soil texture, soil structure, soil type etc.
sedimentary
metamorphic
Processes of rock formation.
Factors of soil formation: the parent rock, organisms, climate, topography and time
physical weathering;
chemical weathering
Soil profile development
Types of soil
soil macro and micronutrients;
soil water;
soil macro-organisms;
soil microbes;
soil texture
soil structure
Macro and micronutrients; their functions and deficiency symptoms in crops
Factors affecting the availability of nutrients in soil such as pH, excess of other nutrients, leaching, crop removal, oxidation and burning
Methods of replenishing lost nutrients, e.g., crop rotation, organic manuring, fertilizer application, fallowing, liming, and cover-cropping
Nitrogen, carbon, water and phosphorus cycles
Organic agriculture – meaning and importance
Meaning of irrigation system
overhead, e.g., sprinkler;
surface, e.g., flooding, furrow/channel, basin, border;
underground, e.g., perforated pipes and drips.
Advantages and disadvantages of irrigation systems
Importance of irrigation
Problems associated with irrigation
Meaning of drainage.
Importance of drainage.
surface drainage, e.g., channel, furrow;
subsurface/underground drainage.
Advantages and disadvantages of drainage systems
Meaning of agricultural pollution
excessive application of agricultural chemicals;
marine and oil spillage;
livestock waste and dung disposal etc.
Effects of land/pond pollution on farmers and agricultural productivity

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING/MECHANIZATION

Meaning of simple farm tools.
cutlass, hoe, spade, shovel etc.
General maintenance of simple farm tools
incubators;
milking machines;
combine harvester etc.
harvesters;
sprayers etc.
Reasons for maintaining farm machines
check water and oil levels regularly
carry out routine service
keep machines clean etc
Meaning of agricultural mechanization.
Mechanized agricultural operations.
Advantages and disadvantages of agricultural mechanization.
Limitations of agricultural mechanization.
Sources of farm power.
Advantages and disadvantages of different sources of farm power.
Meaning of farm surveying.
Common survey equipment.
Uses of farm survey equipment.
Maintenance of farm survey equipment.
Importance of farm surveying.
Meaning of farm planning.
Factors to be considered in farm planning.
Importance of farm planning.
Meaning of farmstead.
Importance of farmstead planning.
Factors to be considered in the design of a farmstead.
Farmstead layout.

CROP PRODUCTION

Classification of crops based on their uses, e.g., cereals, pulses, roots and tubers, and vegetables.
Classification based on their life cycle, e.g., annual, biennial, perennial, ephemeral.
Classification based on their morphology, e.g., monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crops.

botanical names and common names of the crop, varieties/types, climatic and soil requirements, land preparation, methods of propagation, planting date, seed rate, spacing, sowing depth and nursery requirements, cultural practices: supplying, thinning,

manuring and fertilizer requirement and application, weeding, pests and disease control, harvesting, processing and storage of at least one representative crop from each of the following crop groupings:

Cereals, e.g., maize, rice, guinea corn, millet;
Pulses (grain legumes), e.g., cowpea, soya bean, pigeon pea.
Roots and tubers, e.g., cassava, yam, potatoes;
Vegetables, e.g., tomatoes, onion, amaranthus, okra, cauliflower, spinach;
Fruits, e.g., citrus, banana, pineapple;
Beverages, e.g., cocoa, tea, coffee;
Spices, e.g., pepper, ginger;
Oils, e.g., groundnut, shea butter, sunflower, oil palm;
Fibres e.g., cotton, jute, sisal hemp;
Latex e.g. rubber;
Others – sugar cane etc.
Meaning of pasture and forage crops.
Uses of forage crops.
Types of pasture.
Common grasses and legumes used for grazing livestock.
Factors affecting the distribution and productivity of pasture.
Establishment of pasture.
Management practices of pasture.
Aims of crop improvement.
Methods/processes of crop improvement, e.g., introduction, selection, breeding.
Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Advantages and disadvantages of crop improvement.
Meaning of forest and forestry.
Importance of forestry.
Forest regulations.
Forest management practices.
Implications of deforestation.
Meaning of agro-forestry.
taungya system;
alley cropping;
ley farming etc.

ORNAMENTAL PLANTS

Meaning of ornamental plants.
Importance of ornamental plants.
bedding plants (mostly flowering plants);
hedging plants;
lawn grasses etc.
Examples of ornamental plants.
vegetative propagation.

CROP PROTECTION

Meaning of disease
General effects of diseases on crop production.
cereals – smut, rice blast, leaf rust etc.;
legumes – cercospora leaf spot, rosette etc;
beverages – cocoa black pod, swollen shoot, coffee leaf rust etc.;
tubers – cassava mosaic, bacterial leaf blight etc.;
fruits- citrus gummosis, dieback etc
fibre – black arm/bacterial blight of cotton etc.;
vegetables – root-knot of tomato or okro, damping off, onion twister etc.;
tored produce – mould etc.
Meaning of pests.
insect pests;
non-insect pests.
biting and chewing;
piercing and sucking;
cereals – stem borer, armyworm, earworm etc.
legumes – pod borer, aphids, sucking bugs and leaf beetle;
beverages – cocoa myrids (capsids);
tubers – yam beetle, cassava mealybugs, green spidermites, variegated grasshopper;
fibre – cotton stainer, bollworms;
fruits and vegetables – thrips, grasshoppers, leaf roller, leaf beetle, scale insect;
stored produce – grain weevils, bean beetle.
Non-insect pests, e.g., birds, rodents etc
chemical – pollution, poisoning;
biological - disruption of the ecosystem etc;
cultural – harmful effects of burning etc.
General effects/economic importance of pests.
Meaning of weeds.
Types of weeds.
Effects of weeds on crops and economy.
Characteristic features of weeds.
Methods of controlling weeds: cultural, biological, chemical, physical and mechanical methods.

ANIMAL PRODUCTION

Types of farm animals: cattle, sheep, goat, poultry, pig, rabbit, fish etc.
(i) habitat: terrestrial and aquatic.
(ii) uses: food, protection, pets, etc.
Parts of farm animals.
Organs of farm animals, e.g., heart, liver, lungs.
Systems of farm animals, e.g., digestive system, circulatory system, respiratory system.
Meaning of reproduction.
Roles of hormones in the reproduction of farm animals.
Reproductive systems of farm animals.
Processes of reproduction in farm animals.
Egg formation in poultry.
Meaning of environmental physiology.
temperature;
relative humidity; and
Growth, reproduction, milk production, egg production, etc.
Meaning of livestock management
Requirements for livestock management: housing, feeding, hygiene and finishing of at least one ruminant and one non-ruminant from birth to market weight.
Importance of management practices.
Meaning of animal nutrition.
Classification of feeds.
Sources and functions of feed nutrients.
Types of ration/diet and their uses; components of a balanced diet; production and maintenance rations.
Causes and symptoms of malnutrition and their correction in farm animals.
Meaning and importance of rangeland/pasture to livestock and the characteristics of range land.
Common grasses and legumes in rangeland.
Factors affecting the level of production of herbage; rainfall, grass/legume composition, grazing etc.
Controlled stocking, rotational grazing, use of fertilizers, introduction of legumes, reseeding, weed control, burning, pest and disease control.
Meaning of animal improvement.
Aims of animal improvement.
Introduction;
meaning of artificial insemination.
methods of collecting semen.
advantages and disadvantages of artificial insemination.
Causal organisms: viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa.
Factors that could predispose animals to diseases: health status of animals, nutrition, management etc.
Reaction of animals to diseases: susceptibility and resistance to diseases.
viral-foot and mouth, rinderpest, newcastle;
bacterial – anthrax, brucellosis, tuberculosis;
fungal – aspergillosis, ringworm, scabies;
protozoa – trypanosomiasis, coccidiosis.
meaning of parasite.
types of parasites.
endoparasites – tapeworm, liverfluke and roundworm;
ectoparasites – ticks, lice.
Quarantine, inoculation/immunization, hygiene, breeding for resistance etc.
Meaning of aquaculture.
(i) fish farming;
(ii) shrimp farming;
(iii) crab farming.
Meaning and importance of fish farming.
Conditions necessary for siting a fish pond.
Establishment and maintenance of fish ponds.
Fishery regulations – meaning and regulations.
Fishing methods and tools.
Meaning of apiculture or bee keeping.
indigenous bees;
exotic bees.
Importance of bee keeping.
traditional method;
modern bee-keeping.
Bee-keeping equipment: beehives, hive tools like suits,smokers, jungle boots, brushes, etc.
locate apiaries far from human dwellings;
put warning symbols near the apiary etc.

AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND EXTENSION

Scale of preference;
law of diminishing returns.
labour – characteristics and classification;
management or entrepreneur
Definition of demand.
Law of demand.
Factors affecting demand for agricultural produce.
Movements along the demand curve.
Shifts in the demand curve.
Definition of supply.
Law of supply.
Movements along the supply curve.
Shifts in the supply curve.
Factors affecting the supply of agricultural produce.
Price support.
Price control.
Meaning of a farm manager.
Functions of a farm manager.
Meaning of agricultural finance.
Importance of agricultural finance.
Sources of farm finance.
short-term credit;
medium-term credit;
long-term credit.
institutional credit;
non-institutional credit.
loan in cash;
loan in-kind.
high-interest rate;
lack or inadequate collateral, etc.
lack of records and accounts etc.
meaning of capital market, institutions that deal with medium and long-term loans for agricultural business.
institutions involved in the capital market
insurance companies;
merchant banks;
the stock exchange (sales and purchases of shares).
mobilization of long-term funds for on-lending;
reduce over-reliance on the money market, etc.
Importance of farm records.
inventory records;
production records;
income and expenditure records;
supplementary or special records.
Designing farm records
expenditure/ purchases account;
income/sales account;
profit and loss account;
balance sheet.
Meaning and importance of marketing of agricultural produce.
Marketing agents and their functions.
assembling;
processing etc.
Marketing of export crops.
Export crops in West Africa.
Guidelines for exporting crops in West Africa.
Corporate bodies, cooperative societies, and individuals engaged in exporting agricultural produce, e.g., ANCE (Association of Nigerian Cooperative Exporters),.
Importance of exporting agricultural produce.
Problems of marketing agricultural produce.
Meaning of agricultural insurance.
Importance of agricultural insurance.
specific enterprise insurance, e.g., crop insurance, livestock insurance;
farm vehicle insurance;
fire disaster insurance or machines and buildings insurance;
life assurance (farmers, farm workers, and farmers’ households).
Insurance premium
uncertainties of weather;
losses due to natural disasters etc.
Meaning and importance of agricultural extension
individual contact methods;
group contact methods etc.
Agricultural extension programmes in West Africa, e.g., ADP, NDE, Agro-service centres, state ministries of agriculture and natural resources
Problems of agricultural extension in West Africa. e.g. illiteracy among farmers, inadequate transport facilities etc.

PRACTICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE

Soil profile
Mechanical analysis by sedimentation and also by the use of hydrometer method or sieves
Determination of bulk density and total pore space.
Determination of moisture content of a moist soil sample.
Determination of maximum water holding capacity.
Determination of wilting point.
Determination of capillary action.
Determination of soil acidity using a pH meter and/or any other gadget or simple equipment.
Common types of chemical fertilizers.
green manure;
Irrigation and drainage
Farm tools and equipment
Tractor and animal-drawn implement
Harvesting, processing, and storage equipment.
Farm tractor
Use and maintenance of horticultural tools and implements.
Livestock and fishing equipment
Farm surveying equipment
Seeds, seedlings, fruits and storage organs of crops.
Main pests and diseases of crops
Planting dates, seed rates, plant population and seed quality tests of the more common local crop plants.
Preparation of seedbeds, fertilizer application, mulching, use of pesticides, watering, vegetative propagation, germination tests etc.
Forest products and by-products.
Methods of propagation of horticultural plants.
Common weeds
Common breeds of animals and types of animals available in the locality.
Major internal organs of farm animals, e.g., organs of the digestive system, reproductive and excretory systems.
Animal by-products.
Animal feeds and feedstuffs and their local sources.
Main pests and parasites of farm animals.
Diseases of farm animals.
Routine management practices in farm animals, e.g., selection of livestock and poultry for breeding, culling, ear-notching, tattooing, horn or skin branding, debeaking, dehorning, castration.
Fish harvesting and preservation.

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Waec agricultural science questions 2023 (theory & objective).

September 13, 2023 Ifiokobong Past Questions , WAEC , West African Examinations Council 0

WAEC Agricultural Science Questions 2023 (Theory & Objective)- West African Examinations Council (WAEC) is an examination board that conducts the West African Senior School Certificate Examination, for University and Jamb entry examination in West Africa countries. In a year, over three million candidates registered for the exams coordinated by WAEC.

There will be three papers: Papers 1, 2 and 3 all of which must be taken. Papers 1 and 2 will be a composite paper to be taken at one sitting.

PAPER 1 : Will consist of fifty multiple choice questions to be answered within 50 minutes for 50 marks.

PAPER 2 : Will consist of six essay questions with each drawn from at least two themes in the syllabus. Candidates will be required to answer five of the questions within 2 hours 10 minutes for 90 marks.

PAPER 3 : Will be a practical paper for school candidates and alternative to practical paper for private candidates. It will consist of four questions, all of which should be answered within 1½ hours for 60 marks.

Paper 1 (Objective)

1. The device which helps to regulate heat in an incubator is the A. thermometer. B. hygrometer. C. insulator. D. thermostat.

4. Fine soil tilth is produced by the use of A. Harrow. B. Plough. C. Ridger. D. Mower.

5. The problems of farm mechanization in West Africa include the following except A. reduction of farm drudgery. B. small farm holdings. C. poverty of farmers. D. poor topography.

Paper 2 (Essay)

(1)(a) Explain each of the following terms as used in animal production: (i) Dipping; (ii) Dry cow; (iii) Culling; (iv) Quarantine (b) Describe the life cycle of roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides) (c) Explain the term farm mechanization. (d) Name four tractor coupled implements

(2)(a) State six limitations of farm mechanization in West Africa. (b) Suggest six ways of encouraging farm mechanization in West Africa. (c) List four methods of identification in cattle management. (d) What is debeaking in poultry management?

(3)(a) Mention two processes that release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere (b) Name four storage pests of crops (c) State two functions of Potassium in crops. (d) List three ways by which each of the following biotic factors affects agricultural production: (i) parasites; (ii) Soil organisms. (e) State four advantages of zero tillage.

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General Comments

The standard of the paper was at par with those of the previous years. The rubrics were clearly stated and the questions were devoid of any ambiguity. The Marking Scheme was comprehensive and marks were well distributed. There was considerable improvement in candidates’ performance when compared with that of the previous year.

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WAEC Agric Questions and Answers 2023/2024 (Essay and Objectives)
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All details you need for you to be successful and pass this 2023 Waec Exam will also be given and make sure you read all through. 2023 Waec Agric Exam Papers. 2023 Waec Agric Exam Papers Are. Waec Agricultural Science Essay Questions; Waec Agricultural Science Objectives Questions, You are writing the 2 papers in only one day.
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B. 2023 WAEC GCE AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE ESSAY (THEORY) ANSWERS | 1ST DECEMBER, 2023. (1ai) Finance: (i) The lack of credit facilities or the high interest rates on available loans can hinder farmers from purchasing essential inputs. (ii) Inssuficient allocation of funds by the governments and private sectors to support agricultural development.
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1. Seedlings are best transplanted in the field. A. early in the morning and late in the evening. B. at midday and at dusk. C. early in the morning and at midday. D. late in the morning and late in the evening. View Answer & Discuss WAEC 2023. 2. If 200 ml of water was poured on a soil sample in a beaker and 25% of the water drained through the ...
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The correct answers to all the WAEC Agric Objective questions for 2023 given in the previous section will be made available shortly. All you have to do is keep visiting this page regularly. Answers Loading>>… WAEC Agric Theory Questions 2023. All the Essay questions that you are going to see in this section are what you should expect in the ...
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Here is WAEC Agric Questions Answers 2022/2023:Objectives and Essay. PAPER 2 [Essay] Answer any four questions. Write your answers on the answer booklet provided. (a) Explain the term farm mechanization. (b) List six limitations of farm mechanization in West Africa. (c) Suggest eight possible ways of encouraging the use of farm mechanization to ...
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WAEC Agric Questions - Free WASSCE past questions for Agricultural Science. Here is collection of Agricultural Science past examination questions to assist you with your studies for the West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) for both School and GCE candidates. If you are in your last stage of Secondary School Education ...
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WAEC Agric Questions and Answer 2024. PAPER 2 [Essay] Answer any four questions. Write your answers on the answer booklet provided. (a) (i) Explain the term agriculture. (ii) List three industries that utilize cereals as their raw materials. (b) Outline six problems that hinder the attainment of self-sufficiency in food production in West ...
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The WAEC syllabus for the Agricultural Science is the topic you must study to sit for the examination. ... Will consist of six essay questions with each drawn from at least two themes in the syllabus. ... 2023 at 10:00 pm . Thank you. Reply. Blessing Olarewaju. December 1, 2023 at 10:16 am . You're welcome.
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Agricultural Science. The resources below on Aricultural Science have been provided by WAEC to assist you understand the required standards expected in Agricultural Science final Examination. Students performance assessment in examination under review was done by the Chief examiner, this you will see while exploring links like General Comment ...
Physics (Essay) Paper 2, May-June 2023
General Comments. The quality of this year's exam paper was impressive, with appropriate items and clear, unambiguous questions that fell within the scope of the syllabus. The paper also included well-reflected operational and graphical cases, and rubrics were provided clearly. Additionally, the allotted time for the exam was sufficient.
WAEC Agric Questions and Answers 2024 Objective and Essay
The 2024 WAEC Agric questions are sourced from the SS1 to SS3 Agric syllabus. Thus, all questions in this year's examination are syllabus-based, with nearly 90% being repetitions. No need to fret over obtaining the 2024 WAEC Agric questions and answers PDF (essay and objective). The WAEC Agric answers for 2024 will be available shortly.
Agricultural Science Waec Syllabus 2024
Meaning of agricultural ecology and ecosystem. Components of farm ecosystem, e.g., biotic and abiotic. Interactions of the components in the terrestrial and aquatic agro-ecosystem. Land and its uses. Meaning of land. Characteristics of land - free gift of nature, immobile, limited in supply etc.
WAEC Agricultural Science Questions 2023 (Theory & Objective)
WAEC Agricultural Science Questions 2023 (Theory & Objective)- West African Examinations Council (WAEC) is an examination board that conducts the West African Senior School Certificate Examination, for University and Jamb entry examination in West Africa countries. In a year, over three million candidates registered for the exams coordinated by WAEC. There will be three papers:
Economics Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023
General Comments. The standard of the paper was at par with those of the previous years. The rubrics were clearly stated and the questions were devoid of any ambiguity. The Marking Scheme was comprehensive and marks were well distributed. There was considerable improvement in candidates' performance when compared with that of the previous year.

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Examination Scheme

WAEC Aricultural Science Syllabus

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Waec GCE Agric Science Expo (Objective & Essay) 2023

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What is WAEC GCE Agric Science Expo 2023

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Agricultural Science Waec Syllabus

Aims and Objectives

Scheme of Examination

Instructions to Schools

Detailed Agricultural Science Syllabus

AGRICULTURAL ECOLOGY

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING/MECHANIZATION

CROP PRODUCTION

ORNAMENTAL PLANTS