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Magazine Business Plan

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Running a magazine business enables you to share your thoughts with a larger audience that shares your interests in a particular topic. Also, it keeps you in the company of creative people.

Do you want everything perfect for your magazine business, then why not write a business plan first?

Need help writing a business plan for your magazine business? You’re at the right place. Our magazine business plan template will help you get started.

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How to Write A Magazine Business Plan?

Writing a magazine business plan is a crucial step toward the success of your business. Here are the key steps to consider when writing a business plan:

1. Executive Summary

An executive summary is the first section planned to offer an overview of the entire business plan. However, it is written after the entire business plan is ready and summarizes each section of your plan.

Here are a few key components to include in your executive summary:

  • Market Opportunity: Summarize your market research, including market size, growth potential, and marketing trends. Highlight the opportunities in the market and how your business will fit in to fill the gap.
  • Marketing & Sales Strategies: Outline your sales and marketing strategies—what marketing platforms you use, how you plan on acquiring customers, etc.
  • Financial Highlights: Briefly summarize your financial projections for the initial years of business operations. Include any capital or investment requirements, associated startup costs, projected revenues, and profit forecasts.
  • Call to Action: Summarize your executive summary section with a clear CTA, for example, inviting angel investors to discuss the potential business investment.

Ensure your executive summary is clear, concise, easy to understand, and jargon-free.

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2. Business Overview

The business overview section of your business plan offers detailed information about your company. The details you add will depend on how important they are to your business. Yet, business name, location, business history, and future goals are some of the foundational elements you must consider adding to this section:

  • Online magazine business
  • Print magazine business
  • Lifestyle magazine business
  • Fashion magazine business
  • Business and Finance magazine
  • Travel magazine business
  • Sports magazine business
  • Health and wellness magazine business
  • Technology magazine business
  • Describe the legal structure of your magazine business, whether it is a sole proprietorship, LLC, partnership, or others.Explain where your business is located and why you selected the place.
  • Owners: List the names of your magazine business’s founders or owners. Describe what shares they own and their responsibilities for efficiently managing the business.
  • Mission Statement: Summarize your business’ objective, core principles, and values in your mission statement. This statement needs to be memorable, clear, and brief.
  • Future Goals: It’s crucial to convey your aspirations and vision. Mention your short-term and long-term goals; they can be specific targets for revenue, market share, or expanding your services.

This section should provide a thorough understanding of your business, its history, and its future plans. Keep this section engaging, precise, and to the point.

3. Market Analysis

The market analysis section of your business plan should offer a thorough understanding of the industry with the target market, competitors, and growth opportunities. You should include the following components in this section.

For instance, individuals with hobbies or interests or professionals would be an ideal target audience for a magazine business.

  • Competitive Analysis: Identify and analyze your direct and indirect competitors. Identify their strengths and weaknesses, and describe what differentiates your magazine from them. Point out how you have a competitive edge in the market.

For instance, digital transformation has a booming market; explain how you plan on dealing with this potential growth opportunity.

Here are a few tips for writing the market analysis section of your magazine business plan:

  • Conduct market research, industry reports, and surveys to gather data.
  • Provide specific and detailed information whenever possible.
  • Illustrate your points with charts and graphs.
  • Write your business plan keeping your target audience in mind.

4. Products And Services

The product and services section should describe the specific services and products that will be offered to customers. To write this section should include the following:

  • Opinion pieces
  • Other formats of content
  • Any interactive features: Describe any multimedia components or interactive features your magazine includes, such as interactive infographics, quizzes, audio content, or videos. Describe how these aspects make reading more enjoyable and create an immersive & engaging experience.
  • Frequency & distribution: Indicate the publication schedule (monthly, bi-monthly, quarterly, etc.) and describe the distribution strategy for your magazine. Talk about the various print and digital distribution methods, such as websites, mobile apps, and subscriptions.
  • Additional Services: Mention these as part of your product and service offerings if your magazine business offers extra services or products beyond the primary journal, such as events, online forums, webinars, or merchandise. Describe how your audience will benefit from these extra services.

In short, this section of your magazine plan must be informative, precise, and client-focused. By providing a clear and compelling description of your offerings, you can help potential investors and readers understand the value of your business.

5. Sales And Marketing Strategies

Writing the sales and marketing strategies section means a list of strategies you will use to attract and retain your clients. Here are some key elements to include in your sales & marketing plan:

For example, exclusive content, high-quality visuals, or customization could be some of the great USPs for a professional magazine business.

  • Marketing Strategies: Discuss your marketing strategies to market your services. You may include some of these marketing strategies in your business plan—social media marketing, Google ads, email marketing, content marketing, etc.
  • Sales Strategies: Outline the strategies you’ll implement to maximize your sales. Your sales strategies may include direct sales calls, subscription offers and promotions, affiliate marketing, offering referral programs, etc.
  • Customer Retention: Describe your customer retention strategies and how you plan to execute them. For instance, introducing renewal discounts, early subscriptions, personalized service, etc.

Overall, this section of your magazine publisher business plan should focus on customer acquisition and retention.

Have a specific, realistic, and data-driven approach while planning sales and marketing strategies for your magazine business, and be prepared to adapt or make strategic changes in your strategies based on feedback and results.

6. Operations Plan

The operations plan section of your business plan should outline the processes and procedures involved in your business operations, such as staffing requirements and operational processes. Here are a few components to add to your operations plan:

  • Staffing & Training: Mention your business’s staffing requirements, including the number of employees or writers & editors needed. Include their qualifications, the training required, and the duties they will perform.
  • Operational Process: Outline the processes and procedures you will use to run your magazine business. Your operational processes may include content creation, printing, distribution, marketing & promotion, etc.

Adding these components to your operations plan will help you lay out your business operations, which will eventually help you manage your business effectively..

7. Management Team

The management team section provides an overview of your magazine business’s management team. This section should provide a detailed description of each manager’s experience and qualifications, as well as their responsibilities and roles.

  • Founders/CEO: Mention the founders and CEO of your magazine business, and describe their roles and responsibilities in successfully running the business.
  • Organizational structure: Explain the organizational structure of your management team. Include the reporting line and decision-making hierarchy.
  • Compensation Plan: Describe your compensation plan for the management and staff. Include their salaries, incentives, and other benefits.

This section should describe the key personnel for your magazine business, highlighting how you have the perfect team to succeed.

8. Financial Plan

Your financial plan section should provide a summary of your business’s financial projections for the first few years. Here are some key elements to include in your financial plan:

  • Profit & loss statement: Describe details such as projected revenue, operational costs, and service costs in your projected profit and loss statement . Make sure to include your business’s expected net profit or loss.
  • Cash flow statement: The cash flow for the first few years of your operation should be estimated and described in this section. This may include billing invoices, payment receipts, loan payments, and any other cash flow statements.
  • Balance Sheet: Create a projected balance sheet documenting your magazine business’s assets, liabilities, and equity.

This exercise will help you understand how much revenue you need to generate to sustain or be profitable.

Be realistic with your financial projections, and make sure you offer relevant information and evidence to support your estimates.

9. Appendix

The appendix section of your plan should include any additional information supporting your business plan’s main content, such as market research, legal documentation, financial statements, and other relevant information.

  • Add a table of contents for the appendix section to help readers easily find specific information or sections.
  • In addition to your financial statements, provide additional financial documents like tax returns, a list of assets within the business, credit history, and more. These statements must be the latest and offer financial projections for at least the first three or five years of business operations
  • Provide data derived from market research, including stats about the industry, user demographics, and industry trends.
  • Include any legal documents such as permits, licenses, and contracts.
  • Include any additional documentation related to your business plan, such as product brochures, marketing materials, operational procedures, etc.

Use clear headings and labels for each section of the appendix so that readers can easily find the necessary information.

Remember, the appendix section of your magazine business plan should only include relevant and important information supporting your plan’s main content.

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This sample magazine business plan will provide an idea for writing a successful magazine plan, including all the essential components of your business.

After this, if you still need clarification about writing an investment-ready business plan to impress your audience, download our magazine business plan pdf .

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Frequently asked questions, why do you need a magazine business plan.

A business plan is an essential tool for anyone looking to start or run a successful magazine business. It helps to get clarity in your business, secures funding, and identifies potential challenges while starting and growing your business.

Overall, a well-written plan can help you make informed decisions, which can contribute to the long-term success of your magazine business.

How to get funding for your magazine business?

There are several ways to get funding for your magazine business, but self-funding is one of the most efficient and speedy funding options. Other options for funding are:

Small Business Administration (SBA) loan

Crowdfunding, angel investors.

Apart from all these options, there are small business grants available, check for the same in your location and you can apply for it.

Where to find business plan writers for your magazine business?

There are many business plan writers available, but no one knows your business and ideas better than you, so we recommend you write your magazine business plan and outline your vision as you have in your mind.

What is the easiest way to write your magazine business plan?

A lot of research is necessary for writing a business plan, but you can write your plan most efficiently with the help of any magazine business plan example and edit it as per your need. You can also quickly finish your plan in just a few hours or less with the help of our business plan software .

About the Author

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Upmetrics Team

Upmetrics is the #1 business planning software that helps entrepreneurs and business owners create investment-ready business plans using AI. We regularly share business planning insights on our blog. Check out the Upmetrics blog for such interesting reads. Read more

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Download Magazine Business Plan

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Magazine Business Plan Template

Written by Dave Lavinsky

Magazine Business Plan

You’ve come to the right place to create your Magazine business plan.

We have helped over 1,000 entrepreneurs and business owners create business plans and many have used them to start or grow their Magazine businesses.

Below is a template to help you create each section of your Magazine business plan.

Executive Summary

Business overview.

Happy Trails Magazine is a startup magazine company located in New York City, New York. The company is founded by Lawrence MacGuire, who has experience in traveling and offering podcasts from around the world. Now, with the expertise of knowledge and business acumen, he has determined he can confidently start and effectively grow a successful magazine company. He believes his experience of strategic planning, marketing skills, financial capabilities, and wide and deep knowledge of traveling practices will provide everything needed for long-term growth and profitability.

Happy Trails Magazine will provide a comprehensive array of articles of interest for a wide variety of travel-loving customers. The Happy Trails Magazine will be the premiere travel magazine, providing services and products to each customer, while supporting the strategic goals of the company. Happy Trails Magazine will be the ultimate choice in tourist travel for customers to ensure that every need and desire of all travelers is fully and completely met.

Product Offering

The following are the services and products that Happy Trails Magazine will provide:

  • Unique and exclusive content creation
  • Experienced writers who provide superior journalism and reporting
  • Photography from around the world
  • Art and illustrations that support the travel articles
  • Special offers of travel and related products for publication subscribers
  • Online magazine offered in addition to hard copy publication
  • Fun quiz and explorer’s facts for readers
  • On-time delivery every month

Customer Focus

Adults within the New York City region. Customers who love to travel. Global customers who want to read about travel and enjoy excellent magazine articles. Advertisers who will purchase space and positions in the monthly magazine release. Collaborators who partner with Happy Trails Magazine to effectively market products and services.

Management Team

Happy Trails Magazine is owned and operated by Lawrence MacGuire. He recruited managers from his former place of employment at a nationally-known magazine company, including Derek Flanagan, as his Operations Manager, and Sherry Culver, as the Senior Administrative Manager.

Lawrence MacGuire is a graduate of Cambridge University in the United Kingdom, where he earned a degree in the Art of Hospitality and Travel. He has been employed by a global resort chain with over 500 hotels for the past ten years.

Tracey Newthorn is a graduate of University of Ohio, where she obtained a bachelor’s degree in business in the hospitality industry. She has spent the past two summer sessions in international travel and is an accomplished photographer. She will be the Artistic & Photographic Manager of Happy Trails Magazine.

Alex Hawkins, an experienced magazine editor, will be the Executive Manager & Senior Editor of the Happy Trails Magazine. His former position was as the Senior Manager of Horizons Over Hawaii Magazine for over 20 years. His experience with travel and journalism leads to the new position of executive management.

Success Factors

Happy Trails Magazine will be able to achieve success by offering the following competitive advantages:

  • Friendly, knowledgeable, and highly-qualified team of Happy Trails Magazine
  • Comprehensive menu of accurate and complete travel-related stories, as well as multiple photographic demonstrations of places to visit and things to see.
  • Additional value added with each subscription via a number of special offers found in Happy Trails Magazine labeled, “For Subscribers Only!”
  • Outstanding photography and illustrations that highlight the beauty of world travel
  • Happy Trails Magazine offers the best pricing in town. Their pricing structure is the most cost effective compared to the competition.

Financial Highlights

Happy Trails Magazine is seeking $200,000 in debt financing to launch its magazine. The funding will be dedicated toward securing the office space and purchasing office equipment and supplies. Funding will also be dedicated toward three months of overhead costs to include payroll of the staff, rent, and marketing costs for the print ads and marketing costs. The breakout of the funding is below:

  • Office space build-out: $20,000
  • Office equipment, supplies, and materials: $10,000
  • Three months of overhead expenses (payroll, rent, utilities): $150,000
  • Marketing costs: $10,000
  • Working capital: $10,000

The following graph outlines the financial projections for Happy Trails Magazine.

Happy Trails Magazine Pro Forma Projections

Company Overview

Who is happy trails magazine.

Happy Trails Magazine is a newly established, full-service consumer magazine published in New York City, New York. Happy Trails Magazine will be the most beautiful, consumer-relatable, and cost-effective choice for a global reading and subscribing community. Happy Trails Magazine will provide a comprehensive menu of editorial articles, In-Style pictorials, Go-To suggestions for hotel/travel bargains and special discounts for any reader to enjoy. Their full-service approach includes a comprehensive website with multiple gateways to information and related services.

  Happy Trails Magazine will be the premier travel magazine in the publications industry. Led by the team of experienced professionals, the magazine will entice travelers to explore the world, while advertisers and interested parties will enjoy purchasing ads, placing click through ads and offering specials throughout the hard copy and digital magazine. Happy Trails Magazine removes all headaches and issues of traveling globally and ensures all travel negatives are addressed and diminished, while delivering the best customer service.

Happy Trails Magazine History

Lawrence MacGuire is a graduate of Cambridge University in the United Kingdom, where he earned a degree in the Art of Hospitality and Travel. He has been employed by a global resort chain with over 500 hotels for the past ten years. During his prior employment, he recognized that many of the world’s finest destinations have been passed over in favor of traditional, favored locations. After much research and industry information-gathering, he started the Happy Trails Magazine to appeal to youthful travelers and old alike as they traveled the world.

Since incorporation, Happy Trails Magazine has achieved the following milestones:

  • Registered magazine, Happy Trails Magazine, LLC to transact business in the state of New York.
  • Has a contract in place for a 10,000 square foot office at one of the midtown buildings
  • Reached out to numerous contacts to include Happy Trails as a source for advertising.
  • Began recruiting a staff of 3 and 2 office personnel to work at Happy Trails Magazine.

Happy Trails Magazine Services

The following will be the services and products the Happy Trails Magazine will provide:

Industry Analysis

The travel magazine industry is expected to grow over the next five years to over $24684 billion. The growth will be driven by an exponential interest in travel exhibited during the recent pandemic years, as most consumers were sequestered with no ability to travel. The industry is also expected to grow now as people begin to explore once again, looking for places off the beaten path. While travel costs remain high due to shipping and supply line issues and the economy, consumers find delight in exploring travel magazines and the pleasure of escape they offer.

Costs will likely be reduced as the process of production and print continue to fall due to technology advancements. The software that drives the consumer-provider relationships will also change, as most redundant or fairly simple administrative tasks will be given software solutions rather than handed over to a live publication agent.

Customer Analysis

Demographic profile of target market.

TotalPercent
    Total population1,680,988100%
        Male838,67549.9%
        Female842,31350.1%
        20 to 24 years114,8726.8%
        25 to 34 years273,58816.3%
        35 to 44 years235,94614.0%
        45 to 54 years210,25612.5%
        55 to 59 years105,0576.2%
        60 to 64 years87,4845.2%
        65 to 74 years116,8787.0%
        75 to 84 years52,5243.1%

Customer Segmentation

Happy Trails Magazine will primarily target those young adults and adults who live within the New York City region. They will also target customers who love to travel, including global customers who want to read about travel and enjoy excellent magazine articles. Advertisers who will purchase space and positions in the monthly magazine release will be welcomed. Collaborators who partner with Happy Trails Magazine to effectively market products and services.

  • Young adults through seniors
  • Those who love to travel
  • Those who want to travel to exotic, almost unknown destinations
  • Those who enjoy viewing beautiful photography
  • Those who like to read magazine articles about travel
  • Advertisers and interested parties who want to sell through or collaborate with Happy Trails Magazine

Competitive Analysis

Direct and indirect competitors.

Happy Trails Magazine will face competition from other companies with similar business profiles. A description of each competitor company is below.

Sunset Magazine

Sunset Magazine, started in 1953 by a married couple, Ernest and Columbine Trentom, who were experienced global travelers. They began the magazine in a home office and quickly built their subscriber base to over fifteen million at the height of popularity. In recent years, the popularity of Sunset Magazine has waned, due to the loss of advertisers and poor construction of the magazine during production. The subscriber base has moved to new, more trendy, travel accommodations and travel styles.

Sports Illuminated

Sports Illuminated was founded by Cissy Travers, an ardent sportswoman and enthusiast of global sports events. With distribution to over 10 million readers, Ms Travers maintains complete control of the magazine and related ventures, which include sporting goods sales, sports apparel sales and global sports items.

The magazine was founded in 2001, when Cissy Travers took a medium-grade local magazine in upstate New York, and began to manage the content within. During the following five years, she single handedly engaged sports writers of the highest caliber and photographers who traveled the world on behalf of the magazine to shoot pivotal sporting events. Since that time, the magazine has continued to grow as new sporting events are added globally every year.

Taft & Hanson

Taft & Hanson Magazine was established in 2003 by Rogert Taft and Renee Hanson, a couple who traveled throughout the United States in their luxury recreational vehicle. The magazine is dedicated to the ultra-expensive and luxurious recreational vehicles manufactured and on the roads of America, with each monthly edition highlighting both the features of the vehicles and the features of traveler’s retreats around the nation.

The magazine is published once each quarter and is available by subscription only. Each edition is priced at $125 per copy. Designed to entice readers to purchase new recreational vehicles as they are released from manufacturing, the magazine makes it’s return on investment by selling to manufacturers and consumers alike.

Rogert Taft and Renee Hanson travel extensively throughout the nation, each reporting and writing about various aspects of living the “luxurious recreational vehicle life,” and the accommodations in which they choose to stay, which is used by the magazine publishers as another form of revenue in advertising. The magazine has earned a five-star rating by the Travelers Trailers International and has a following of over 100,000 subscribers.

Competitive Advantage

Happy Trails Magazine will be able to offer the following advantages over their competition:

Marketing Plan

Brand & value proposition.

Happy Trails Magazine will offer the unique value proposition to its clientele:

  • Highly-qualified team of skilled employees who are able to provide a comprehensive travel experience via the magazine and website.
  • Additional value added with each subscription via a number of special offers found in Happy Trails Magazine labeled, “For Subscribers Only!”
  • Unbeatable pricing for customers; subscribers are offered the lowest pricing of any travel magazine on the market.

Promotions Strategy

The promotions strategy for magazine is as follows:

Word of Mouth/Referrals

Happy Trails Magazine has built up an extensive list of contacts over the years by providing exceptional service and expertise to hospitality and lodging clients. The contacts and clients will follow them to this new company and help spread the word of Happy Trails Magazine.

Professional Associations and Networking

Trade Associations for travel and travel accommodations will be joined and actively pursued by the Happy Trails Magazine staff. Professional Networking in the New York City region will also be conducted to increase visibility and engage additional subscribers and advertisers.

Print Advertising

Limited print advertising will be offered within travel magazines and news periodicals. The bulk of the advertising will be found on the internet within various social network channels.

Website/SEO Marketing

Happy Trails Magazine will fully utilize their website. The website will be well organized, informative, and list all the services and products that the magazine provides. The website will also list their contact information and list their top-rated travel spots and special discounts for subscribers. The website will engage in SEO marketing tactics so that anytime someone types in the Google or Bing search engine “travel magazine” or “travel reading near me,” magazine will be listed at the top of the search results.

The pricing of the magazine will be moderate and on par with competitors so customers feel they receive excellent value when purchasing their services.

Operations Plan

The following will be the operations plan for the Happy Trails Magazine. Operation Functions:

  • Happy Trails Magazine is owned and operated by Lawrence MacGuire. He recruited managers from his former place of employment at a nationally-known magazine company.
  • Lawrence MacGuire is a graduate of Cambridge University in the United Kingdom, where he earned a degree in the Art of Hospitality and Travel. He has been employed by a global resort travel magazine affiliated with over 500 hotels for the past ten years.
  • Derek Flanagan will take on the position of Operations Manager, with a professional background of several years in management within the travel magazine world.
  • Tracey Newthorn is the Artistic & Photographic Manager of Happy Trails Magazine. She is a graduate of University of Ohio, where she obtained a bachelor’s degree in business in the hospitality industry. She has spent the past two summer sessions in international travel and is an accomplished photographer.

Milestones:

Happy Trails Magazine will have the following milestones completed in the next six months.

  • 5/1/202X – Finalize contract to lease office space
  • 5/15/202X – Finalize personnel and staff employment contracts for the magazine
  • 6/1/202X – Finalize contracts for magazine advertisers
  • 6/15/202X – Begin networking at industry events
  • 6/22/202X – Begin moving into magazine office
  • 7/1/202X – magazine opens its doors for business

Financial Plan

Key revenue & costs.

The revenue drivers for Happy Trails Magazine are the fees they will charge to subscribers for their services, in addition to charges they solicit from advertisers who place ads in their publications. .

The cost drivers will be the overhead costs required in order to staff the magazine. The expenses will be the payroll cost, rent, utilities, office supplies, and marketing materials.

Funding Requirements and Use of Funds

Happy Trails Magazine is seeking $200,000 in debt financing to launch its travel magazine. The funding will be dedicated toward securing the office space and purchasing office equipment and supplies. Funding will also be dedicated toward three months of overhead costs to include payroll of the staff, rent, and marketing costs for the print ads and association memberships. The breakout of the funding is below:

Key Assumptions

The following outlines the key assumptions required in order to achieve the revenue and cost numbers in the financials and in order to pay off the startup business loan.

  • Number of Subscribers Per Month: 750
  • Number of Advertising Accounts Per Month: 50
  • Average Revenue per Month: $550,000
  • Office Lease per Year: $100,000

Financial Projections

Income statement.

FY 1FY 2FY 3FY 4FY 5
Revenues
Total Revenues$360,000$793,728$875,006$964,606$1,063,382
Expenses & Costs
Cost of goods sold$64,800$142,871$157,501$173,629$191,409
Lease$50,000$51,250$52,531$53,845$55,191
Marketing$10,000$8,000$8,000$8,000$8,000
Salaries$157,015$214,030$235,968$247,766$260,155
Initial expenditure$10,000$0$0$0$0
Total Expenses & Costs$291,815$416,151$454,000$483,240$514,754
EBITDA$68,185 $377,577 $421,005 $481,366 $548,628
Depreciation$27,160$27,160 $27,160 $27,160 $27,160
EBIT$41,025 $350,417 $393,845$454,206$521,468
Interest$23,462$20,529 $17,596 $14,664 $11,731
PRETAX INCOME$17,563 $329,888 $376,249 $439,543 $509,737
Net Operating Loss$0$0$0$0$0
Use of Net Operating Loss$0$0$0$0$0
Taxable Income$17,563$329,888$376,249$439,543$509,737
Income Tax Expense$6,147$115,461$131,687$153,840$178,408
NET INCOME$11,416 $214,427 $244,562 $285,703 $331,329

Balance Sheet

FY 1FY 2FY 3FY 4FY 5
ASSETS
Cash$154,257$348,760$573,195$838,550$1,149,286
Accounts receivable$0$0$0$0$0
Inventory$30,000$33,072$36,459$40,192$44,308
Total Current Assets$184,257$381,832$609,654$878,742$1,193,594
Fixed assets$180,950$180,950$180,950$180,950$180,950
Depreciation$27,160$54,320$81,480$108,640 $135,800
Net fixed assets$153,790 $126,630 $99,470 $72,310 $45,150
TOTAL ASSETS$338,047$508,462$709,124$951,052$1,238,744
LIABILITIES & EQUITY
Debt$315,831$270,713$225,594$180,475 $135,356
Accounts payable$10,800$11,906$13,125$14,469 $15,951
Total Liability$326,631 $282,618 $238,719 $194,944 $151,307
Share Capital$0$0$0$0$0
Retained earnings$11,416 $225,843 $470,405 $756,108$1,087,437
Total Equity$11,416$225,843$470,405$756,108$1,087,437
TOTAL LIABILITIES & EQUITY$338,047$508,462$709,124$951,052$1,238,744

Cash Flow Statement

FY 1FY 2FY 3FY 4FY 5
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATIONS
Net Income (Loss)$11,416 $214,427 $244,562 $285,703$331,329
Change in working capital($19,200)($1,966)($2,167)($2,389)($2,634)
Depreciation$27,160 $27,160 $27,160 $27,160 $27,160
Net Cash Flow from Operations$19,376 $239,621 $269,554 $310,473 $355,855
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTMENTS
Investment($180,950)$0$0$0$0
Net Cash Flow from Investments($180,950)$0$0$0$0
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING
Cash from equity$0$0$0$0$0
Cash from debt$315,831 ($45,119)($45,119)($45,119)($45,119)
Net Cash Flow from Financing$315,831 ($45,119)($45,119)($45,119)($45,119)
Net Cash Flow$154,257$194,502 $224,436 $265,355$310,736
Cash at Beginning of Period$0$154,257$348,760$573,195$838,550
Cash at End of Period$154,257$348,760$573,195$838,550$1,149,286

Magazine Business Plan FAQs

What is a magazine business plan.

A magazine business plan is a plan to start and/or grow your magazine business. Among other things, it outlines your business concept, identifies your target customers, presents your marketing plan and details your financial projections. You can easily complete your Magazine business plan using our Magazine Business Plan Template here .

What are the Main Types of Magazine Businesses?

There are a number of different kinds of magazine businesses, some examples include: Entertainment magazine, Home and living magazine, Business magazine, Digital magazine, and Online magazine.

How Do You Get Funding for Your Magazine Business Plan?

Magazine businesses are often funded through small business loans. Personal savings, credit card financing and angel investors are also popular forms of funding.

What are the Steps To Start a Magazine Business?

Starting a magazine business can be an exciting endeavor. Having a clear roadmap of the steps to start a business will help you stay focused on your goals and get started faster. 1. Develop A Magazine Business Plan - The first step in starting a business is to create a detailed magazine business plan that outlines all aspects of the venture. This should include potential market size and target customers, the services or products you will offer, pricing strategies and a detailed financial forecast. 2. Choose Your Legal Structure - It's important to select an appropriate legal entity for your magazine business. This could be a limited liability company (LLC), corporation, partnership, or sole proprietorship. Each type has its own benefits and drawbacks so it’s important to do research and choose wisely so that your magazine business is in compliance with local laws. 3. Register Your Magazine Business - Once you have chosen a legal structure, the next step is to register your magazine business with the government or state where you’re operating from. This includes obtaining licenses and permits as required by federal, state, and local laws. 4. Identify Financing Options - It’s likely that you’ll need some capital to start your magazine business, so take some time to identify what financing options are available such as bank loans, investor funding, grants, or crowdfunding platforms. 5. Choose a Location - Whether you plan on operating out of a physical location or not, you should always have an idea of where you’ll be based should it become necessary in the future as well as what kind of space would be suitable for your operations. 6. Hire Employees - There are several ways to find qualified employees including job boards like LinkedIn or Indeed as well as hiring agencies if needed – depending on what type of employees you need it might also be more effective to reach out directly through networking events. 7. Acquire Necessary Magazine Equipment & Supplies - In order to start your magazine business, you'll need to purchase all of the necessary equipment and supplies to run a successful operation. 8. Market & Promote Your Business - Once you have all the necessary pieces in place, it’s time to start promoting and marketing your magazine business. This includes creating a website, utilizing social media platforms like Facebook or Twitter, and having an effective Search Engine Optimization (SEO) strategy. You should also consider traditional marketing techniques such as radio or print advertising.

Learn more about how to start a successful magazine business:

  • How to Start a Magazine Company

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Back to All Business Ideas

How to Start a Magazine: Cost, Planning and Profit Potential

Written by: Carolyn Young

Carolyn Young is a business writer who focuses on entrepreneurial concepts and the business formation. She has over 25 years of experience in business roles, and has authored several entrepreneurship textbooks.

Edited by: David Lepeska

David has been writing and learning about business, finance and globalization for a quarter-century, starting with a small New York consulting firm in the 1990s.

Published on June 4, 2022 Updated on July 10, 2024

How to Start a Magazine: Cost, Planning and Profit Potential

Investment range

$2,850 - $6,300

Revenue potential

$54,000 - $180,000 p.a.

Time to build

0 – 3 months

Profit potential

$49,000 - $108,000 p.a.

Industry trend

Here are the important elements to think about when starting your magazine:

  • Niche — Choose a niche you are passionate about, such as fitness and health, parenting and family, business, hobbies and crafts, fashion and beauty, or something else.
  • Content plan — Develop an editorial calendar outlining the topics, features, and regular columns for each issue. Plan for special issues or themes throughout the year.
  • Hire staff — Hire or collaborate with writers, editors, photographers, designers, and other contributors. Ensure they understand and align with your editorial vision and quality standards.
  • Design — Create an appealing and professional design for your magazine. Focus on the cover, layout, typography, and imagery to make it visually attractive and easy to read.
  • Register your business — A limited liability company (LLC) is the best legal structure for new businesses because it is fast and simple. Form your business immediately using ZenBusiness LLC formation service or hire one of the best LLC services on the market.
  • Legal business aspects — Register for taxes, open a business bank account, and get an EIN .
  • Printing — Decide whether to print your magazine in-house or work with a professional printing service. Consider print quality, cost, and turnaround time.
  • Online magazine — Develop an online version of your magazine to reach a wider audience. Consider creating a website or using digital magazine platforms .
  • Distribution — Determine how you will distribute your magazine. Options include newsstands, bookstores, subscription services, and online platforms. Consider partnering with distributors or using direct mail for subscriptions.
  • Networking — Participate in or host events, such as launch parties, book fairs, and industry conferences, to promote your magazine. Partner with relevant businesses and influencers to increase visibility.

business plan magazine

Interactive Checklist at your fingertips—begin your magazine today!

You May Also Wonder:

How does a magazine make money?

Magazines generally rely on ad revenue, which digital magazines can earn by using Google AdSense. They can also charge for subscriptions.

Is it profitable to start a magazine?

Starting a magazine can be profitable, but it depends on various factors such as the target audience, advertising revenue, circulation, production costs, and competition in the market. Conducting market research and developing a solid business plan can help evaluate the potential profitability of a magazine.

How can I ensure the quality and relevance of content offered in my magazine?

To ensure the quality and relevance of content offered in a magazine, consider the following strategies: conduct extensive research and interviews to provide accurate and informative content, utilize experienced and knowledgeable writers and editors, develop a consistent and recognizable editorial voice and style, solicit feedback from readers and industry professionals, and regularly assess and adapt to changes in industry trends and audience interests.

How can I differentiate my magazine from competitors in the market?

To differentiate a magazine from competitors in the market, consider the following strategies: specialize in a specific niche or focus on a unique aspect of a broader topic, offer a visually appealing and well-designed layout, provide original and exclusive content, utilize interactive or multimedia elements, and engage with readers through social media or events.

What writing style is used in magazines?

The writing style used in magazines can vary depending on the target audience and the nature of the content. Generally, magazines utilize a more conversational and accessible writing style compared to academic or technical writing.

magazine idea rating

Step 1: Decide if the Business Is Right for You

Pros and cons.

Starting a magazine has pros and cons to consider before deciding if it’s right for you.

  • Creative Outlet – Choose your own concept and articles
  • Provide Value – Use your magazine to educate
  • Flexibility – Run your magazine from home
  • Crowded Market – Compete with a host of other digital magazines
  • Delayed Revenue – Must build a following before you make money

Magazine industry trends

Industry size and growth.

magazine industry size and growth

  • Industry size and past growth – The global digital magazine industry was worth $628.72 million in 2020 after growing steadily in recent years.(( https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2021/03/25/2199572/0/en/Digital-Magazine-Publishing-Platform-Market-Research-Report-by-Type-by-Application-Global-Forecast-to-2025-Cumulative-Impact-of-COVID-19.html ))
  • Growth forecast – The global digital magazine industry is projected to expand 41% by 2025 to reach $892.67 million.

Trends and challenges

magazine industry Trends and Challenges

Trends in the magazine industry include:

  • Video content is becoming a larger part of digital magazine content.
  • Interactive features, such as puzzles, are a way digital publications engage today’s readers.

Challenges in the magazine industry include:

  • Most people are not willing to pay for digital subscriptions to magazines, so digital magazines have to rely on ad revenue.
  • The growing number of channels where publishers can distribute content is creating more competition for digital magazines. 

How much does it cost to start a magazine business?

Startup costs for a magazine range from $2,800 to $6,300. Costs include a computer and design software for your magazine graphics.

Start-up CostsBallpark RangeAverage
Setting up a business name and corporation$150 - $200$175
Business licenses and permits$100 - $300$200
Insurance$100-$300$200
Business cards and brochures$200 - $300$250
Website setup$1,000 - $3,000$2,000
Computer$800 - $1,200$1,000
Design software$500 - $1,000$750
Total$2,850 - $6,300$4,575

How much can you earn from a magazine business?

magazine earnings forecast

You can make money from your magazine by using Google AdSense, which will pay you 68% of what Google makes on each ad. Google offers tips to maximize your ad revenue. The average per ad click you’ll make is $3. Your profit margin will be high if you’re writing all the articles and doing the graphics yourself and should be around 90%. 

In your first year or two, you might have 1,500 ad clicks per month, bringing in $54,000 in annual revenue. This would mean $49,000 in profit, assuming that 90% margin. As your magazine gains traction, you might get 5,000 ad clicks per month. At this stage, you might outsource some of the writing, reducing your profit margin to around 60%. With annual revenue of $180,000, you’d make a handsome profit of $108,000.

What barriers to entry are there?

There are a few barriers to entry for a magazine. Your biggest challenges will be:

  • The writing skills needed to create informative and engaging content
  • Drawing eyeballs from existing online magazines

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Step 2: hone your idea.

Now that you know what’s involved in starting a magazine, it’s a good idea to hone your concept in preparation to enter a competitive market. 

Market research will give you the upper hand, even if you’re already positive that you have a perfect product or service. Conducting market research is important, because it can help you understand your customers better, who your competitors are, and your business landscape.

Why? Identify an opportunity

Research magazines online to examine their content and customer reviews. You’re looking for a market gap to fill. For instance, maybe the market is missing a digital publishing company that features personal essays or an educational digital publication on entrepreneurship that has interactive features. 

business plan magazine

You might consider targeting a niche market by specializing in a certain aspect of your industry, such as DIY articles or video content.

This could jumpstart your word-of-mouth marketing and attract clients right away. 

What? Define your magazine themes and subscription options

Your products will be the digital content that you create. You’ll just need to decide on a theme for your magazine, and what features you want to add, like interactive features or video content. 

You could also offer your magazine as a subscription so that you’re not completely reliant on ad revenue. 

How much should you charge for your magazine?

Your ad revenue will be based on Google AdSense rules and how much traffic your magazine gets. If you decided to offer your magazine as a subscription, you might be able to charge $2 to $4 monthly. Your profit margin when you’re working by yourself should be about 90%. 

Once you know your costs, you can use this Step By Step profit margin calculator to determine your mark-up and final price points. Remember, the prices you use at launch should be subject to change if warranted by the market.

Who? Identify your target market

Your potential subscribers and readers will depend on the type of content you provide. If your content targets younger people, you should focus your marketing on TikTok and Instagram. 

Where? Choose your business premises

In the early stages, you may want to run your business from home to keep costs low. But as your business grows, you’ll likely need to hire workers for various roles and may need to rent out an office. You can find commercial space to rent in your area on sites such as Craigslist , Crexi , and Instant Offices .

When choosing a commercial space, you may want to follow these rules of thumb:

  • Central location accessible via public transport
  • Ventilated and spacious, with good natural light
  • Flexible lease that can be extended as your business grows
  • Ready-to-use space with no major renovations or repairs needed

Step 3: Brainstorm a Magazine Name

Here are some ideas for brainstorming your business name:

  • Short, unique, and catchy names tend to stand out
  • Names that are easy to say and spell tend to do better 
  • Name should be relevant to your product or service offerings
  • Ask around — family, friends, colleagues, social media — for suggestions
  • Including keywords, such as “magazine” or “digital magazine”, boosts SEO
  • Name should allow for expansion, for ex: “Insight Magazine” over “Tech Trends”
  • A location-based name can help establish a strong connection with your local community and help with the SEO but might hinder future expansion

Once you’ve got a list of potential names, visit the website of the US Patent and Trademark Office to make sure they are available for registration and check the availability of related domain names using our Domain Name Search tool. Using “.com” or “.org” sharply increases credibility, so it’s best to focus on these. 

Find a Domain

Powered by GoDaddy.com

Finally, make your choice among the names that pass this screening and go ahead with domain registration and social media account creation. Your business name is one of the key differentiators that sets your business apart. Once you pick your company name, and start with the branding, it is hard to change the business name. Therefore, it’s important to carefully consider your choice before you start a business entity.

Step 4: Create a Magazine Business Plan

Here are the key components of a business plan:

what to include in a business plan

  • Executive Summary : A brief summary of your business plan, highlighting its key points and objectives.
  • Business Overview : An introduction to your business, its purpose, and the industry it operates in.
  • Product and Services : Details about what your business offers and how it meets customer needs.
  • Market Analysis : An assessment of your target market, including its size, trends, and opportunities.
  • Competitive Analysis : Examination of your competitors and their strengths and weaknesses.
  • Sales and Marketing : Strategies for promoting and selling your products or services.
  • Management Team : Information about the key individuals running the business and their qualifications.
  • Operations Plan : How your business will function day-to-day and the necessary resources and processes.
  • Financial Plan : Projections and analysis of your business’s financial performance, including revenue, expenses, and profitability.
  • Appendix : Supplementary information, such as supporting documents or detailed research, to provide additional context to the business plan.

If you’ve never created a business plan, it can be an intimidating task. You might consider hiring a business plan specialist to create a top-notch business plan for you.

Step 5: Register Your Business

Registering your business is an absolutely crucial step — it’s the prerequisite to paying taxes, raising capital, opening a bank account, and other guideposts on the road to getting a business up and running.

Plus, registration is exciting because it makes the entire process official. Once it’s complete, you’ll have your own business! 

Choose where to register your company

Your business location is important because it can affect taxes, legal requirements, and revenue. Most people will register their business in the state where they live, but if you’re planning to expand, you might consider looking elsewhere, as some states could offer real advantages when it comes to magazines. 

If you’re willing to move, you could really maximize your business! Keep in mind, it’s relatively easy to transfer your business to another state. 

Choose your business structure

Business entities come in several varieties, each with its pros and cons. The legal structure you choose for your magazine will shape your taxes, personal liability, and business registration requirements, so choose wisely. 

Here are the main options:

types of business structures

  • Sole Proprietorship – The most common structure for small businesses makes no legal distinction between company and owner. All income goes to the owner, who’s also liable for any debts, losses, or liabilities incurred by the business. The owner pays taxes on business income on his or her personal tax return.
  • General Partnership – Similar to a sole proprietorship, but for two or more people. Again, owners keep the profits and are liable for losses. The partners pay taxes on their share of business income on their personal tax returns.
  • Limited Liability Company (LLC) – Combines the characteristics of corporations with those of sole proprietorships or partnerships. Again, the owners are not personally liable for debts.
  • C Corp – Under this structure, the business is a distinct legal entity and the owner or owners are not personally liable for its debts. Owners take profits through shareholder dividends, rather than directly. The corporation pays taxes, and owners pay taxes on their dividends, which is sometimes referred to as double taxation.
  • S Corp – An S-Corporation refers to the tax classification of the business but is not a business entity. An S-Corp can be either a corporation or an LLC , which just need to elect to be an S-Corp for tax status. In an S-Corp, income is passed through directly to shareholders, who pay taxes on their share of business income on their personal tax returns.

We recommend that new business owners choose LLC as it offers liability protection and pass-through taxation while being simpler to form than a corporation. You can form an LLC in as little as five minutes using an online LLC formation service. They will check that your business name is available before filing, submit your articles of organization , and answer any questions you might have.

Form Your LLC

Choose Your State

We recommend ZenBusiness as the Best LLC Service for 2024

business plan magazine

Step 6: Register for Taxes

The final step before you’re able to pay taxes is getting an Employer Identification Number , or EIN. You can file for your EIN online or by mail or fax: visit the IRS website to learn more. Keep in mind, if you’ve chosen to be a sole proprietorship you can simply use your social security number as your EIN. 

Once you have your EIN, you’ll need to choose your tax year. Financially speaking, your business will operate in a calendar year (January–December) or a fiscal year, a 12-month period that can start in any month. This will determine your tax cycle, while your business structure will determine which taxes you’ll pay.

business plan magazine

The IRS website also offers a tax-payers checklist , and taxes can be filed online.

It is important to consult an accountant or other professional to help you with your taxes to ensure you’re completing them correctly.

Step 7: Fund your Business

Securing financing is your next step and there are plenty of ways to raise capital:

types of business financing

  • Bank loans: This is the most common method but getting approved requires a rock-solid business plan and strong credit history.
  • SBA-guaranteed loans: The Small Business Administration can act as guarantor, helping gain that elusive bank approval via an SBA-guaranteed loan .
  • Government grants: A handful of financial assistance programs help fund entrepreneurs. Visit Grants.gov to learn which might work for you.
  • Friends and Family: Reach out to friends and family to provide a business loan or investment in your concept. It’s a good idea to have legal advice when doing so because SEC regulations apply.
  • Crowdfunding: Websites like Kickstarter and Indiegogo offer an increasingly popular low-risk option, in which donors fund your vision. Entrepreneurial crowdfunding sites like Fundable and WeFunder enable multiple investors to fund your business.
  • Personal: Self-fund your business via your savings or the sale of property or other assets.

Bank and SBA loans are probably the best option, other than friends and family, for funding a magazine business. You might also try crowdfunding if you have an innovative concept. 

Step 8: Apply for Publishing Licenses and Permits

Starting a magazine business requires obtaining a number of licenses and permits from local, state, and federal governments.

Federal regulations, licenses, and permits associated with starting your business include doing business as (DBA), health licenses and permits from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration ( OSHA ), trademarks, copyrights, patents, and other intellectual properties, as well as industry-specific licenses and permits. 

You may also need state-level and local county or city-based licenses and permits. The license requirements and how to obtain them vary, so check the websites of your state, city, and county governments or contact the appropriate person to learn more. 

You could also check this SBA guide for your state’s requirements, but we recommend using MyCorporation’s Business License Compliance Package . They will research the exact forms you need for your business and state and provide them to ensure you’re fully compliant.

This is not a step to be taken lightly, as failing to comply with legal requirements can result in hefty penalties.

If you feel overwhelmed by this step or don’t know how to begin, it might be a good idea to hire a professional to help you check all the legal boxes.

Step 9: Open a Business Bank Account

Before you start making money, you’ll need a place to keep it, and that requires opening a bank account .

Keeping your business finances separate from your personal account makes it easy to file taxes and track your company’s income, so it’s worth doing even if you’re running your magazine business as a sole proprietorship. Opening a business bank account is quite simple, and similar to opening a personal one. Most major banks offer accounts tailored for businesses — just inquire at your preferred bank to learn about their rates and features.

Banks vary in terms of offerings, so it’s a good idea to examine your options and select the best plan for you. Once you choose your bank, bring in your EIN (or Social Security Number if you decide on a sole proprietorship), articles of incorporation, and other legal documents and open your new account. 

Step 10: Get Business Insurance

Business insurance is an area that often gets overlooked yet it can be vital to your success as an entrepreneur. Insurance protects you from unexpected events that can have a devastating impact on your business.

Here are some types of insurance to consider:

types of business insurance

  • General liability: The most comprehensive type of insurance, acting as a catch-all for many business elements that require coverage. If you get just one kind of insurance, this is it. It even protects against bodily injury and property damage.
  • Business Property: Provides coverage for your equipment and supplies.
  • Equipment Breakdown Insurance: Covers the cost of replacing or repairing equipment that has broken due to mechanical issues.
  • Worker’s compensation: Provides compensation to employees injured on the job.
  • Property: Covers your physical space, whether it is a cart, storefront, or office.
  • Commercial auto: Protection for your company-owned vehicle.
  • Professional liability: Protects against claims from a client who says they suffered a loss due to an error or omission in your work.
  • Business owner’s policy (BOP): This is an insurance plan that acts as an all-in-one insurance policy, a combination of the above insurance types.

Step 11: Prepare to Launch

As opening day nears, prepare for launch by reviewing and improving some key elements of your business. 

Essential software and tools

Being an entrepreneur often means wearing many hats, from marketing to sales to accounting, which can be overwhelming. Fortunately, many websites and digital tools are available to help simplify many business tasks. 

You may want to use industry-specific software, such as The Magazine Manager , Chargebee , or Ad Sales Genius , to manage your projects, sales, and billing. 

  • Popular web-based accounting programs for smaller businesses include Quickbooks , Freshbooks , and Xero . 
  • If you’re unfamiliar with basic accounting, you may want to hire a professional, especially as you begin. The consequences for filing incorrect tax documents can be harsh, so accuracy is crucial.

Develop your website

Website development is crucial because your site is your online presence and needs to convince prospective clients of your expertise and professionalism.

You can create your own website using website builders . This route is very affordable, but figuring out how to build a website can be time-consuming. If you lack tech-savvy, you can hire a web designer or developer to create a custom website for your business.

They are unlikely to find your website, however, unless you follow Search Engine Optimization ( SEO ) practices. These are steps that help pages rank higher in the results of top search engines like Google. 

Here are some powerful marketing strategies for your future business:

  • Professional Branding — Create an engaging brand that reflects your magazine’s style, including an eye-catching logo, well-designed layout, and visually appealing website.
  • Website and SEO — Develop a website showcasing sample articles and subscription options, optimized for SEO to attract readers searching for content related to your magazine’s themes.
  • Social Media Engagement — Leverage platforms like Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook to share content, engage with readers, and promote upcoming issues and events.
  • Content Marketing — Publish articles or blog posts that align with your magazine’s content, driving traffic and increasing subscriptions, complemented by newsletters that keep subscribers informed about new content and offers.
  • Video Content — Produce behind-the-scenes videos, interviews with contributors, or features on cover stories to enrich your content offerings.
  • Influencer and Brand Collaborations — Partner with relevant influencers, writers, and brands to extend your reach and add credibility to your magazine’s content.
  • Community Engagement — Participate in or sponsor community events and collaborations with educational institutions to increase your magazine’s presence in relevant circles.
  • Subscription Incentives — Offer attractive incentives for new subscribers, such as discounts or exclusive content, to encourage sign-ups.
  • Loyalty Programs — Reward loyal subscribers with special offers, exclusive content, or merchandise discounts to retain their interest and support.
  • Targeted Online Advertising — Employ targeted advertising on platforms like Facebook and Google Ads to reach potential subscribers interested in your magazine’s niche.
  • Distribution Partnerships — Collaborate with bookstores, cafes, and other venues for broader magazine distribution, expanding your physical reach and visibility.

Focus on USPs

unique selling proposition

Unique selling propositions, or USPs, are the characteristics of a product or service that sets it apart from the competition. Customers today are inundated with buying options, so you’ll have a real advantage if they are able to quickly grasp how your magazine meets their needs or wishes. It’s wise to do all you can to ensure your USPs stand out on your website and in your marketing and promotional materials, stimulating buyer desire. 

Global pizza chain Domino’s is renowned for its USP: “Hot pizza in 30 minutes or less, guaranteed.” Signature USPs for your magazine business could be: 

  • All you need to know about DIY!
  • Get all your entertainment news first here
  • The latest tech news — with quizzes to test your knowledge 

You may not like to network or use personal connections for business gain. But your personal and professional networks likely offer considerable untapped business potential. Maybe that Facebook friend you met in college is now running a magazine business, or a LinkedIn contact of yours is connected to dozens of potential clients. Maybe your cousin or neighbor has been working in magazines for years and can offer invaluable insight and industry connections. 

The possibilities are endless, so it’s a good idea to review your personal and professional networks and reach out to those with possible links to or interest in magazines. You’ll probably generate new customers or find companies with which you could establish a partnership. Online businesses might also consider affiliate marketing as a way to build relationships with potential partners and boost business.

Step 12: Build Your Team

If you’re starting out small from a home office, you may not need any employees. But as your business grows, you will likely need workers to fill various roles. Potential positions for a magazine business include:

  • Writers – write articles
  • Designers – design the graphics of the content
  • General Manager – staff management, accounting
  • Marketing Lead – SEO strategies, social media

At some point, you may need to hire all of these positions or simply a few, depending on the size and needs of your business. You might also hire multiple workers for a single role or a single worker for multiple roles, again depending on need. 

Free-of-charge methods to recruit employees include posting ads on popular platforms such as LinkedIn, Facebook, or Jobs.com. You might also consider a premium recruitment option, such as advertising on Indeed , Glassdoor , or ZipRecruiter . Further, if you have the resources, you could consider hiring a recruitment agency to help you find talent. 

Step 13: Run a Magazine – Start Making Money!

Digital magazines are seeing rapid growth, providing readers with valuable information and entertainment that can be accessed even on a mobile device. If you’re a writer and have always dreamed of starting a magazine, there’s no need for the expense of paper – you can create your own digital magazine for very little money and maybe build a national brand!  

You’ve gained valuable insights by reading this guide, so now it’s time to start writing your way to magazine success.

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  • Decide if the Business Is Right for You
  • Hone Your Idea
  • Brainstorm a Magazine Name
  • Create a Magazine Business Plan
  • Register Your Business
  • Register for Taxes
  • Fund your Business
  • Apply for Publishing Licenses and Permits
  • Open a Business Bank Account
  • Get Business Insurance
  • Prepare to Launch
  • Build Your Team
  • Run a Magazine - Start Making Money!

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Ultimate Guide To Creating A Successful Magazine Business Plan

Ultimate Guide To Creating A Successful Magazine Business Plan

Launching a magazine isn’t just a creative endeavor; it’s also a formidable business challenge. Consider the fact that around 90% of new magazines fold within the first year. Crafting a comprehensive business plan can significantly enhance your chances of success in this competitive landscape.

Key elements of a successful magazine business plan include understanding your target audience and meticulously mapping out your revenue streams. The first glossy magazine, “Harper’s Monthly,” was launched in 1850, setting a precedent for what has now become a $20 billion industry. To join this thriving market, your business plan must align editorial vision with financial viability.

Identifying Your Magazine Concept

Defining your magazine’s vision is the first crucial step. Think about what message or theme you want to convey. This vision will guide all other decisions, from content to marketing. Next, you’ll need to set a strong mission statement. A mission statement clearly defines your magazine’s purpose and goals. It helps both your team and readers understand your magazine’s core values.

Identifying your target demographic is essential for your magazine’s success. Who are your ideal readers? Consider their age, interests, and what they are looking for in a magazine. A compelling magazine concept should be unique. Research existing magazines to see what’s missing in the market. This will help you carve out a niche and stand out to potential readers.

Defining Your Magazine’s Vision

Creating a clear vision sets the foundation for your magazine. This vision should reflect your passion and what you want to share with the world. For example, it could be about environmental issues, teen fashion, or tech innovations. Think about what makes your vision special. If your audience resonates with it, you’re on the right track. Your vision should be both exciting and attainable. Write down your vision and share it with your team. It will serve as a roadmap throughout your magazine’s development. This way, everyone stays aligned with your magazine’s purpose.

Setting Your Mission Statement

A mission statement is a brief description of your magazine’s fundamental purpose. It helps you stay focused and consistent. Readers can also quickly understand what your magazine stands for. To craft a strong mission statement, think about your magazine’s main goals. For instance, you might aim to inspire creativity, provide industry insights, or promote wellness. Be clear and concise. Make sure your team believes in the mission statement. This unity will translate into a cohesive and passionate magazine. A solid mission statement can also draw in like-minded readers and contributors.

Identifying Your Target Demographic

Knowing your target audience is crucial for creating relevant content. Start by analyzing potential readers. What are their interests and hobbies? Understanding their preferences helps tailor your content to their needs. Use surveys, social media insights, and market research to gather data. The more you know, the better you can meet their expectations. You can also look at competing magazines to see who their readers are. This gives you a benchmark and helps you identify gaps in the market. Filling these gaps can make your magazine indispensable to your target demographic.

Mapping Out Your Content Strategy

Building a solid content strategy is essential for a successful magazine. It involves planning, organizing, and executing your editorial vision. A strong strategy will help keep your content relevant and engaging.

Determining Your Content Distribution Platforms

Choosing the right platforms to distribute your content is crucial. Options include print, online, social media, blogs, affiliate sites, and mobile apps. Each platform has its own benefits and audience. For instance, print magazines offer a tactile experience, while online content can reach a broader audience. Combining platforms can maximize your reach. Consider where your target demographic spends their time. You can also explore partnerships with other publications or influencers. This can help expand your audience quickly. Keep track of your performance on each platform to adjust your strategy as needed.

Planning Your Editorial Calendar

An editorial calendar helps you stay organized and consistent. It outlines what content will be published and when. This ensures you never miss important dates or themes. Start by identifying key dates such as holidays, events, and industry-specific times. Plan content around these dates to keep your magazine timely and relevant. Consistency is key to building trust with your readers. Use tools like Google Calendar or Trello to manage your editorial plan. Share the calendar with your team to make collaboration easier. Regularly update it to accommodate any changes or new ideas.

Building a Content Creation Team

Your content creation team is the backbone of your magazine. It usually includes writers, editors, photographers, and graphic designers. Everyone plays a crucial role.Hire team members who share your magazine’s vision and mission. Look for professionals who are passionate about your magazine’s topic. This ensures that the content will be high-quality and engaging. Provide regular feedback to help improve and refine their work. Encourage open communication to foster creativity and collaboration. This will lead to a more cohesive and dynamic content strategy.

Developing Your Revenue Model

Your revenue model is the plan for how your magazine will make money. It’s important to explore various revenue streams. This will help ensure financial stability and revenue growth . One common revenue source is advertising. You can sell ad space in your magazine to businesses looking to reach your audience. Consider offering different sizes and premium placements to attract a variety of advertisers.

Subscriptions are another key revenue source. Offering both print and digital subscriptions can appeal to different preferences. Encourage readers to subscribe with discounts or exclusive content. Don’t overlook alternative revenue streams. These can include events, merchandising, and affiliate marketing. By diversifying your income sources , you reduce the risk of relying too heavily on one method.

Revenue SourceDescription
AdvertisingSelling ad space to businesses targeting your readers.
SubscriptionsOffering print and digital versions to loyal readers.
EventsHosting events relevant to your magazine’s content.
MerchandisingSelling branded products and exclusive items.
Affiliate MarketingPartnering with companies to earn commission on sales through your magazine.

Creating a Marketing and Distribution Plan

A strong marketing and distribution plan is key to your magazine’s success. It ensures that your content reaches the right audience. You want your magazine to stand out and attract loyal readers .

First, craft your magazine’s branding. Your branding includes your logo, color scheme, and overall design style. Your brand should be memorable and reflect the essence of your magazine.

Next, choose your distribution channels. These can include bookstores, online platforms, and subscription services. The goal is to make your magazine easily accessible to your readers.

Develop a subscriber retention strategy. Retaining subscribers is as important as gaining new ones. Consider offering exclusive content or discounts to longtime subscribers.

A comprehensive marketing strategy involves both online and offline efforts. Use social media, email newsletters, and influencers to promote your magazine. Engage with your audience regularly to build a strong community.

Don’t neglect partnerships and collaborations. Working with other brands or influencers can help you reach a wider audience. Collaborations can also bring fresh perspectives to your magazine.

  • Branding: Logo, color scheme, and design.
  • Distribution: Bookstores, online platforms, and subscriptions.
  • Retention: Exclusive content and discounts for loyal subscribers.
  • Marketing: Social media, email, and influencer campaigns.
  • Partnerships: Collaborations with brands and influencers.

Analyzing Your Competition

Understanding your competition helps you carve out your own niche. Start by identifying your main competitors. Look at what makes their magazines successful.

Examine their content, design, and marketing strategies. What are they doing well? Identify areas where you can do better or offer something different.

Pay attention to their readership and target audience. Are there gaps in their offerings that you can fill? Understanding their weaknesses can turn into your strengths.

Use tools like Google Analytics and social media insights to track competitors. Analyze their online presence and engagement levels. These insights can inform your own strategies .

Compile your findings into a competitive analysis report. This report will serve as a valuable resource for your team. Keep it updated as the market evolves.

AspectCompetitor 1Competitor 2
Content QualityHighMedium
DesignModernTraditional
Marketing StrategySocial Media HeavyPrint Ads

Financial Planning for Your Magazine

Good financial planning is crucial for the success of your magazine. Start by estimating your income and expenses. This will help you create a realistic budget.

Projecting your magazine’s income involves forecasting sales, advertising revenue, and subscriptions. Use past data if available, or look at industry averages. Be as accurate as possible to prevent cash flow issues.

List out all potential expenses, from printing and distribution to marketing and salaries. This will ensure you’re prepared for all costs. Keep a buffer for unexpected expenses to avoid financial stress.

Consider creating a financial plan for at least the first year. Break down the budget into monthly phases. This will help you monitor your financial status constantly and make adjustments as needed.

Use financial tools to help with planning and tracking. Software like QuickBooks or Excel can simplify this task. These tools offer valuable insights and can alert you to potential financial problems.

Expense CategoryEstimated Cost
Printing$5,000/month
Distribution$2,000/month
Marketing$3,000/month
Salaries$10,000/month

Frequently Asked Questions

Developing a successful magazine involves many strategic steps. Here are some frequently asked questions to guide you through the process.

1. How do I identify my target audience for my magazine?

Identifying your target audience starts with understanding who would be most interested in your content. Evaluate factors like age, interests, and demographics by conducting surveys and focus groups.

Research is crucial. Use tools such as Google Analytics and social media insights to gather data about potential readers. This information helps tailor your content to their preferences, increasing engagement and loyalty.

2. What are some effective revenue models for magazines?

Effective revenue models for magazines include advertising, subscriptions, events, merchandising, and affiliate marketing. Each has its own merits depending on your magazine’s niche and audience.

Diversify income sources to reduce financial risk. For instance, blend traditional ads with innovative digital subscriptions or exclusive merchandise sales. This mix ensures sustainability and growth.

3. How can I create an engaging editorial calendar?

An engaging editorial calendar requires planning around key dates, themes, and timely events related to your magazine’s niche. Tools like Google Calendar or Trello can help organize these elements efficiently.

Avoid content gaps by scheduling regular brainstorming sessions with your team. This allows for fresh ideas and timely updates that keep your readers excited about upcoming issues.

4. Why is branding important for a magazine?

Branding creates recognition and trust among readers by consistently conveying your magazine’s mission and values through visuals, tone, and messaging. Strong branding makes it easier to attract loyal subscribers.

Your brand also sets you apart from competitors in a crowded market. It helps define the unique voice of your publication, making it memorable and instantly recognizable to potential readers.

5. What role does competitive analysis play in developing a magazine?

Competitive analysis allows you to understand what other magazines in your niche are doing well or poorly. By studying their strategies, you can identify opportunities for differentiation.

This analysis helps refine your own approach by learning from competitors’ successes and mistakes. It serves as a valuable tool in strengthening both content quality and market positioning.

Creating a successful magazine business plan involves careful planning and execution. From identifying your target audience to developing a diverse revenue model, each step is crucial. Remember, ongoing research and adaptation are key to sustaining your magazine’s growth.

Branding, content strategy, and competitive analysis should form the backbone of your plan. Fostering a loyal readership while staying ahead of industry trends will ensure your magazine’s lasting impact. With a well-rounded approach, success is within reach.

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How to Start a Magazine Business

How to Start a Magazine Business

Starting a magazine business can be very profitable. With proper planning, execution and hard work, you can enjoy great success. Below you will learn the keys to launching a successful magazine business.

Importantly, a critical step in starting a magazine business is to complete your business plan. To help you out, you should download Growthink’s Ultimate Business Plan Template here .

Download our Ultimate Business Plan Template here

15 Steps To Start a Magazine Business:

  • Choose the Name for Your Magazine Business
  • Determine the Type of Magazine Business You Will Launch
  • Develop Your Magazine Business Plan
  • Choose the Legal Structure for Your Magazine Business
  • Secure Startup Funding for Your Magazine Business (If Needed)
  • Secure a Location for Your Business
  • Register Your Magazine Business with the IRS
  • Open a Business Bank Account
  • Get a Business Credit Card
  • Get the Required Business Licenses and Permits
  • Get Business Insurance for Your Magazine Business
  • Buy or Lease the Right Magazine Business Equipment
  • Develop Your Magazine Business Marketing Materials
  • Purchase and Setup the Software Needed to Run Your Magazine Business
  • Open for Business

1. Choose the Name for Your Magazine Business

The first step to starting a magazine business is to choose your business’ name.  

This is a very important choice since your company name is your brand and will last for the lifetime of your business. Ideally you choose a name that is meaningful and memorable. Here are some tips for choosing a name for your magazine business:

  • Make sure the name is available . Check your desired name against trademark databases and your state’s list of registered business names to see if it’s available. Also check to see if a suitable domain name is available.
  • Keep it simple . The best names are usually ones that are easy to remember, pronounce and spell.
  • Think about marketing . Come up with a name that reflects the desired brand and/or focus of your magazine business.

2. Determine the Type of Magazine Business You Will Launch

The next step is to determine the type of magazine business you will launch. The four main types of magazine businesses are:

  • Print Magazines – These are traditional printed magazines that may be sold in stores or through subscriptions.
  • Digital Magazines – Digital magazines are digital-only publications, usually published on a website or app. They may have subscription fees and/or advertising revenue.
  • Video Magazines – Video magazines are like “television shows” but distributed solely online. They may have subscription fees and/or advertising revenue.
  • Podcast Magazines – Podcast magazines are audio-only publications, usually distributed via streaming services or podcast apps. They may have subscription fees and/or advertising revenue.

3. Develop Your Magazine Business Plan

One of the most important steps in starting a magazine business is to develop your magazine business plan . The process of creating your plan ensures that you fully understand your market and your business strategy. The plan also provides you with a roadmap to follow and if needed, to present to funding sources to raise capital for your business.

Your business plan should include the following sections:

  • Executive Summary – this section should summarize your entire business plan so readers can quickly understand the key details of your magazine business.
  • Company Overview – this section tells the reader about the history of your magazine business and what type of magazine business you operate. For example, are you a print magazine, digital magazine, video magazine or podcast magazine? 
  • Industry Analysis – here you will document key information about the magazine industry. Conduct market research and document how big the industry is and what trends are affecting it.
  • Customer Analysis – in this section, you will document who your ideal or target customers are and their demographics. For example, how old are they? Where do they live? What do they find important when subscribing to magazines like the ones you will offer?
  • Competitive Analysis – here you will document the key direct and indirect competitors you will face and how you will build competitive advantage.
  • Marketing Plan – your marketing plan should address the 4Ps: Product, Price, Promotions and Place.
  • Product : Determine and document what products you will offer 
  • Prices : Document the prices of your products
  • Place : Where will your business be located and how will that location help you increase sales?
  • Promotions : What promotional methods will you use to attract customers to your magazine business? For example, you might decide to use pay-per-click advertising, public relations, search engine optimization and/or social media marketing.
  • Operations Plan – here you will determine the key processes you will need to run your day-to-day operations. You will also determine your staffing needs. Finally, in this section of your plan, you will create a projected growth timeline showing the milestones you hope to achieve in the coming years.
  • Management Team – this section details the background of your company’s management team.
  • Financial Plan – finally, the financial plan answers questions including the following:
  • What startup costs will you incur?
  • How will your magazine business make money?
  • What are your projected sales and expenses for the next five years?
  • Do you need to raise funding to launch your business?

Finish Your Business Plan Today!

4. choose the legal structure for your magazine business.

Next you need to choose a legal structure for your magazine business and register it and your business name with the Secretary of State in each state where you operate your business.

Below are the five most common legal structures:

1) Sole proprietorship

A sole proprietorship is a business entity in which the owner of the magazine business and the business are the same legal person. The owner of a sole proprietorship is responsible for all debts and obligations of the business. There are no formalities required to establish a sole proprietorship, and it is easy to set up and operate. The main advantage of a sole proprietorship is that it is simple and inexpensive to establish. The main disadvantage is that the owner is liable for all debts and obligations of the business.

2) Partnerships

A partnership is a legal structure that is popular among small businesses. It is an agreement between two or more people who want to start a magazine business together. The partners share in the profits and losses of the business. 

The advantages of a partnership are that it is easy to set up, and the partners share in the profits and losses of the business. The disadvantages of a partnership are that the partners are jointly liable for the debts of the business, and disagreements between partners can be difficult to resolve.

3) Limited Liability Company (LLC)

A limited liability company, or LLC, is a type of business entity that provides limited liability to its owners. This means that the owners of an LLC are not personally responsible for the debts and liabilities of the business. The advantages of an LLC for a magazine business include flexibility in management, pass-through taxation (avoids double taxation as explained below), and limited personal liability. The disadvantages of an LLC include lack of availability in some states and self-employment taxes.

4) C Corporation

A C Corporation is a business entity that is separate from its owners. It has its own tax ID and can have shareholders. The main advantage of a C Corporation for a magazine business is that it offers limited liability to its owners. This means that the owners are not personally responsible for the debts and liabilities of the business. The disadvantage is that C Corporations are subject to double taxation. This means that the corporation pays taxes on its profits, and the shareholders also pay taxes on their dividends.

5) S Corporation

An S Corporation is a type of corporation that provides its owners with limited liability protection and allows them to pass their business income through to their personal income tax returns, thus avoiding double taxation. There are several limitations on S Corporations including the number of shareholders they can have among others.

Once you register your magazine business, your state will send you your official “Articles of Incorporation.” You will need this among other documentation when establishing your banking account (see below). We recommend that you consult an attorney in determining which legal structure is best suited for your company.

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5. Secure Startup Funding for Your Magazine Business (If Needed)

In developing your magazine business plan, you might have determined that you need to raise funding to launch your business. 

If so, the main sources of funding for a magazine business to consider are personal savings, family and friends, credit card financing, bank loans, crowdfunding and angel investors. Angel investors are individuals who provide capital to early-stage businesses. Angel investors typically will invest in a magazine business that they believe has high potential for growth.

6. Secure a Location for Your Business

Having the right space can be important for your magazine business, particularly if you’d like to meet clients or advertisers there. Some magazines outsource the printing, but you might opt to print them on-site.

To find the right space, consider:

  • Driving around to find the right areas while looking for “for lease” signs
  • Contacting a commercial real estate agent
  • Doing commercial real estate searches online
  • Telling others about your needs and seeing if someone in your network has a connection that can help you find the right space

7. Register Your Magazine Business with the IRS

Next, you need to register your business with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) which will result in the IRS issuing you an Employer Identification Number (EIN).

Most banks will require you to have an EIN in order to open up an account. In addition, in order to hire employees, you will need an EIN since that is how the IRS tracks your payroll tax payments.

Note that if you are a sole proprietor without employees, you generally do not need to get an EIN. Rather, you would use your social security number (instead of your EIN) as your taxpayer identification number.

8. Open a Business Bank Account

It is important to establish a bank account in your magazine’s name. This process is fairly simple and involves the following steps:

  • Identify and contact the bank you want to use
  • Gather and present the required documents (generally include your company’s Articles of Incorporation, driver’s license or passport, and proof of address)
  • Complete the bank’s application form and provide all relevant information
  • Meet with a banker to discuss your business needs and establish a relationship with them

9. Get a Business Credit Card

You should get a business credit card for your magazine business to help you separate personal and business expenses.

You can either apply for a business credit card through your bank or apply for one through a credit card company.

When you’re applying for a business credit card, you’ll need to provide some information about your business. This includes the name of your business, the address of your business, and the type of business you’re running. You’ll also need to provide some information about yourself, including your name, Social Security number, and date of birth.

Once you’ve been approved for a business credit card, you’ll be able to use it to make purchases for your business. You can also use it to build your credit history which could be very important in securing loans and getting credit lines for your business in the future.

10. Get the Required Business Licenses and Permits

Every state, county and city has different business license and permit requirements.

Nearly all states, counties and/or cities have license requirements including:

  • General Business License : getting your Articles of Incorporation as discussed above
  • Sales Tax License or Seller’s Permit : for selling products
  • Zoning Approval : typically at the city or county level, this provides authorization for construction or use of a building or land for a particular purpose

Depending on the type of magazine business you launch, you will have to obtain the necessary state, county and/or city licenses.

11. Get Business Insurance for Your Magazine Business

There are a few different types of insurance that you may want to consider for your magazine business.

General liability insurance : This covers accidents and injuries that occur on your property. It also covers damages caused by your employees or products.

Product liability insurance : This insurance is important to have if you are selling products through your magazine business. This type of insurance can help protect you financially if someone gets injured by one of your products.

Business owner’s policy (BOP): The policy combines general liability and property insurance into one policy. This can be a helpful option for small businesses as it can be more affordable than purchasing the two policies separately.

Other business insurance policies that you should consider for your magazine business include:

  • Workers’ compensation insurance : If you have employees, this type of policy works with your general liability policy to protect against workplace injuries and accidents. It also covers medical expenses and lost wages.
  • Commercial property insurance : This covers damage to your property caused by fire, theft, or vandalism.
  • Business interruption insurance : This covers lost income and expenses if your business is forced to close due to a covered event.

Find an insurance agent, tell them about your business and its needs, and they will recommend policies that fit those needs. 

12. Buy or Lease the Right Magazine Business Equipment

Most magazine companies don’t need much equipment. To start a magazine business, you probably only need a computer, phone and internet access. You might also need office furniture.

When starting a magazine business, you can  purchase or lease the necessary equipment. This may include:

  • Computers : Computers are necessary for any type of magazine business. You will need computers to design and layout your magazine, as well as to manage your business finances and records.
  • Printers : You will need printers to print out your magazine pages. You may want to invest in a color printer if you plan to print in color.
  • Scanners : Scanners are helpful for scanning in photos and other graphics for your magazine.
  • Software : You will need software to design and layout your magazine, as well as to create PDFs of your finished magazine pages. A popular software package for magazines is Adobe InDesign.
  • Office Supplies : You will need office supplies such as paper, pens, pencils, staplers, scissors, etc. to run your magazine business.

13. Develop Your Magazine Business Marketing Materials

Marketing materials will be required to attract and retain customers to your magazine business.

The key marketing materials you will need are as follows:

  • Logo : Spend some time developing a good logo for your magazine business. Your logo will be printed on company stationery, business cards, marketing materials and so forth. The right logo can increase customer trust and awareness of your brand.
  • Website : Likewise, a professional magazine business website provides potential customers with information about the subscriptions and information you offer, your company’s history, and contact information. Importantly, remember that the look and feel of your website will affect how customers perceive you.
  • Social Media Accounts : establish social media accounts in your company’s name. Accounts on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and/or other social media networks will help customers and others find and interact with your magazine business.

14. Purchase and Setup the Software Needed to Run Your Magazine Business

There are many different types of software that you may need to run your magazine business. The most important software for printing and designing magazines is Adobe InDesign. This software allows you to create layouts for your magazine, as well as to create PDFs of the finished pages. You can also find other software designed specifically for magazines, such as QuarkXPress and PagePlus.

You will also need accounting software to manage your business finances. Popular accounting software packages include QuickBooks and Peachtree. Other software that may be helpful for a magazine business includes contact management software, such as Salesforce, and design software such as Photoshop.

Customer relationship management (CRM) software is also beneficial. Some of the most popular CRM programs include Salesforce, and Zoho.

15. Open for Business

You are now ready to open your magazine business. If you followed the steps above, you should be in a great position to build a successful business. Below are answers to frequently asked questions that might further help you.

How to Finish Your Magazine Business Plan in 1 Day!

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With Growthink’s Ultimate Business Plan Template you can finish your plan in just 8 hours or less!

How to Start a Magazine Business FAQs

Is it hard to start a magazine business.

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the difficulty of starting a magazine business will vary depending on the specific industry and market conditions. However, with a well-executed business plan and some hard work, you can start a successful magazine business.

If you follow the steps above, you should be able to start your magazine business without too much difficulty.

How can I start a magazine business with no experience?

If you have some journalism experience, that can be helpful when starting a magazine business, but it is not essential. There are many resources available to help you get started, including online how-to guides, books on magazine publishing, and even online courses.

Another option is to partner with an experienced magazine publisher. This can give you access to their expertise and knowledge, and can help reduce the risk associated with starting a magazine business.

Finally, don't be afraid to ask for help from others in the publishing industry. There are many people who are happy to share their knowledge and advice.

What type of magazine business is most profitable?

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the profitability of a magazine business will vary depending on the specific industry and market conditions. However, in general, magazine businesses that focus on niche markets tend to be more profitable than those that compete in more general markets.

Another factor that can affect profitability is the size of the magazine. Generally, smaller magazines are more profitable than larger magazines, as they have lower overhead costs.

Finally, the type of advertising that a magazine business attracts can also affect its profitability. Ads for luxury goods or services tend to be more lucrative than those for mass-market products.

How much does it cost to start a magazine business?

The cost of starting a magazine business will vary depending on the size and scope of the business, as well as the type of software and services used. However, in general, the cost of starting a magazine business can range from several thousand dollars to tens of thousands of dollars. 

The cost of starting a magazine business typically includes expenses for printing and postage, software and services, marketing and promotion, as well as any staff wages or freelance fees. 

Before starting a magazine business, it is important to create a budget and stick to it. This will help ensure that you are able to cover all expenses associated with launching the magazine.

What are the ongoing expenses for a magazine business?

In addition to the initial start-up costs, there are a number of ongoing expenses that are associated with running a magazine business. 

Some of the expenses you may incur when starting a magazine business include:

  • Software licenses and subscription fees
  • Website design and hosting fees
  • Printing and shipping costs
  • Staff salaries
  • Advertising and marketing expenses
  • Office supplies and equipment
  • Professional services such as graphic design or legal advice 

It is important to factor in all of these expenses when calculating how much money you need to get started. You should also consider how much you will need for ongoing operations, such as staff wages, printing costs, and advertising fees.

How does a magazine business make money?

A magazine business makes money by selling advertising space to businesses and individuals. Advertisers typically pay a fixed price for a certain number of print ads, which are then placed in the magazine.

Magazine businesses can also make money by charging readers for subscriptions. In some cases, magazines also sell back issues and other merchandise such as T-shirts, hats, and coffee mugs. 

Finally, magazine businesses can generate revenue by providing consulting or other services to clients. For example, a magazine might offer marketing or branding services to help businesses promote their products or services.

Is owning a magazine business profitable?

Yes, owning a magazine business can be very profitable. 

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the profitability of a magazine business will vary depending on a number of factors. However, in general, owning a magazine business can be profitable if you are able to attract enough advertising revenue and subscribers.

The profitability of a magazine business will vary depending on the specific industry, geographical location, and other factors. However, there are a few things you can do to increase the chances of your magazine business being profitable. 

Some of the key things you can do to make your magazine business more profitable include:  

  • Offering a variety of services, such as marketing, branding, and advertising
  • Developing a strong online presence, including a well-designed website and social media platforms
  • Focusing on quality over quantity when it comes to content
  • Charging a fair price for your services
  • Building relationships with clients and partners
  • Offering discounts and promotions
  • Networking with other magazine businesses to share resources
  • Becoming familiar with digital marketing, such as SEO and social media
  • Nurturing a niche

By taking the right steps, you can make your magazine business successful and profitable. Investing time and money into developing a strong foundation for your magazine business is essential for long-term success. With the proper planning and dedication, you can have a profitable business.

Why do magazine businesses fail?

Magazine businesses can fail for a variety of reasons, such as a lack of planning, poor execution, and not understanding the needs of their target market.

If you're not proactive about planning and executing your magazine business correctly, it's more likely to fail. It's also important to understand the wants and needs of your target market in order to create content that is valuable to them. 

One of the main reasons that magazine businesses fail is a lack of planning. This can include not having a detailed business plan, not doing research on the industry, and not targeting the right customers.

Another reason is a lack of marketing and sales skills. This can include not creating a sales process and not have a clear and strong value proposition.

The last main reason is a lack of financial management skills. This can include not having a realistic budget, not tracking expenses, and not investing in the business.

Who are key players in the magazine market?

The magazine market is made up of a variety of different players, including small businesses, large enterprises, and even individuals.

Some of the key players in the market include:

  • Bertelsmann SE & Co.
  • CorporationTime Inc. 
  • Meredith Corporation
  • American Media, Inc.

However, there are many other players in your specific target market, and it is important to research the market to identify the key players that may have the most direct influence on the success of your business.

How much should I charge for my magazine services?

Magazine fees can vary depending on the type of magazine services being offered, as well as the size and scope of the project.

However, some common magazine fees for projects and advertising include:

  • A flat fee per issue
  • A flat fee for the entire project

Examples of magazine advertising rates are:

  • Full page ad: $1000
  • Half page ad: $500 
  • Quarter page ad: $150

It is important to consider how much time and effort you are putting into the project, as well as how much value it will bring to your client. It can also be helpful to compare your fees with those of other magazine businesses. 

Some magazine rate examples are:

  • $5.99 per issue 
  • $29.99 for an annual subscription 
  • $9.99 for a back issue

The best way to determine the right fee for your magazine services is to research the rates of similar businesses in your industry, and to also consider the value that you will be providing to the client.

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Cover to Cover: How to Start a Magazine in 2024

Josmary Gonzalez

i. Choose a Niche

Ii. create a business plan, iii. hire your staff, iv. make use of all platforms, i. rounding up content and creating a mock-up, ii. tools to create your issue, iii. post-launch, i. create a brand, ii. diversify, iii. develop quality content, iv. use your channels — all of them, 1. planning a magazine.

We’ve come quite a long way since the very first American publication in 1741. Who knows if Ben Franklin and his chronicling competitors had any idea that their budding industry would blossom into something that has a global market size of $79.8.3 billion this year ?

Thanks to both their centuries-long resilience and progressive nature to adapt, magazines continue to be a worthwhile project to embark on. 

If you’re looking to start a magazine or pivot to digital editions, read on. We’re outlining the basic steps of how to start a magazine in 2024. 

The first step to starting your magazine is, of course, to choose a concept. Before you venture down the path on how to make a magazine, you need to know what you want to write about in your publication.

Will it handle a general topic, such as business or politics?

Do you want to get down to the nitty gritty of gardening or interior design? 

Be sure to choose a concept that you will be able to generate ideas around. 

Magazines have been around for centuries, so chances are that there’s already a plethora of publications on your chosen topic. How would you tackle the topic differently? Or present it in a unique, fresh way? 

How to start a magazine

It’s not as simple as just choosing a topic, however; you should also consider who your primary audience would be. 

What type of readers are you targeting? 

What’s the demographic profile? Think in terms of age, interests, education level, family dynamics, and so on.

Pro Tip : “It’s … important that your audience has a ‘continuing need’ for your content, so they’ll want to subscribe and read more. Think about your audience’s lifestyle and cater to the issues and ideas they care about.”

Knowing your audience will help to keep you established and focused in the niche you’re pursuing. Because just as Michael Keaton’s Ray Kroc learned in The Founder — when the McDonald’s businessman learned he wasn’t, in fact, in the hamburger business, but rather the real-estate business — it’s essential to remain true to the business  of The Niche even as people can’t keep their hands off the publication.

Beyond your concept, other factors to consider are:

  • The title. Your audience’s first impression of your publication comes from its title. Make sure it’s concise, catchy, relevant, and distinguishable. Your magazine should stand out from others in your topic.
  • The tone and message. Though all writers and editors bring something different to the table, the overall tone of the magazine should be consistent and relevant to your topic. For example, an upbeat tone is fine for an entertainment magazine; pulling off that tone for a political publication would take considerably more skill and effort.
  • The stylistic elements. Generally, you want the font type, size, and color to be uniform across all of your editions. Like branding in marketing, you have to develop a style for your magazine. 

How to start a magazine

The initial stages of developing your concept will involve lots of research. However, it ensures that you’re organized and have a clear vision as you develop your publication.

Think of your up-and-coming magazine as a company. It’s not just a publication. It’s a brand, a business. As with any venture, you need to devise a solid plan. 

Using your concept research, build a business plan that addresses the logistics of starting a magazine. Priority considerations include:

  • How will you fund your first issue? Some aspiring publishers have money saved up while others look to crowdfund or use investors. (As you grow, you may be able to rely on advertisements to finance issues. Until then, it’ll likely be difficult to get advertisers until your publication is more established.)
  • How will you distribute your magazine? If it’s a print publication, how will you print it? If it’s digital, where would it be available to read or to download?
  • Would you rent or buy office space, or would staff work from home? Think about the added costs of office supplies, insurance, energy and Internet bills, and more.
  • Where will your magazine be distributed, regionally or nationally? Magazine start-up costs range from $100,000 to $1 million, depending on geographic circulation. 
  • Speaking of, will your magazine be a free or paid circulation? If it’s free, who’s the most relevant audience to distribute to? If it’s paid, how much will you charge subscribers? (Most publications make revenue from subscriptions, advertisements, or a combination of the two.)
  • What type of advertisements would you plan to include? If you choose to have ads, ensure they’re relevant to your audience. 

Pro Tip : If you will be relying on ads for revenue, you will want ads to cover at least 50% of your publication, and closer to 60-65% if you’re relying solely on ad revenue. 

  • Do you intend to make a profit from your magazine? Is this venture not-for-profit? Pro Tip : If you’re trying to increase revenue, keep printing and distribution costs below 50% of your total budget.
  • What are your basic editorial topics? Most first-time publications plan a content calendar at least a year in advance. In addition to providing solid footing for the editors, this also allows publishers to give advertisers a better sense of the magazine’s scope and direction.

In every film involving magazines (and newspapers), it’s all about the staff. Your team members take ideas and mold them into stories. They give a voice and visual to each individual page and to the larger brand. 

Because they’re so important, don’t skimp out on hiring a dream team of editorial all-stars to get your magazine off the ground. Though you may not yet have the budget to hire a full staff, you’ll at least want these essential members in your corner, laying the foundation:

  • Editor-in-Chief: To oversee all aspects of the editorial process. 
  • Managing Editor: To assign stories and edit text
  • Copy Editor: To fact-check and edit for grammar
  • Staff Writer: To write articles, website content, etc.
  • Production Manager: To keep track of ads and handle bookkeeping
  • Salesperson : To sell advertisement space in your magazine 
  • Creative Director: To design the publication style and more prominent features
  • Graphic Artist / Designer: To design department layouts and graphics
  • Photographer: To take high-quality pictures
  • Digital Content Editor: To create complementary editorial content for website and across all online channels

Other positions to consider down the line (or on a freelance basis): 

  • Proofreader : for reviewing the text in each issue
  • Photo Editor: for scouring stock-image sites and other photo research
  • Associate Editors: for assigning and editing text in specific departments
  • Advertiser Account Managers: for handling accounts as they come in
  • Editorial Assistants: for helping with assorted editorial logistics

An editor’s salary can run between $50,000 and $125,000 per year, depending on factors such as experience, location, etc. When hiring a top-notch editor, focus on finding a candidate with impeccable writing skills, an eye for detail, and a knack for deadlines and organization. Have them include writing samples or a sample assignment to ensure their skills are near perfect. Tone can be taught, but basic grammar, spelling, and punctuation are necessary from the get-go. 

As for a salesperson, costs fall between $30,000 to $40,000 annually for a base salary, plus at least 10% commission. Hiring a dependable salesperson is a little trickier than an editor. As with an editor, you want someone with basic skills. Great salespeople hone “soft” skills like communication, customer service, and interpersonality. 

Ideally you want someone who also has experience selling similar products. However, product knowledge can be taught, so lower that priority. As a general business rule of thumb, hire a salesperson that you can genuinely sit down and have a conversation with. If they’re personable, chances are they’ll do great in the field. 

A production manager’s annual salary can range from $30,000 to $60,000, depending on their experience level. If you’re financially savvy and the rest of your staff is willing to take on whatever tasks are thrown their way those first few months, you may be able to get by without a production manager initially. As revenue and ad sales grow, however, you should definitely look into hiring one.

If you’re looking to save money, outsource your writing, design, and photography needs by hiring freelancers.

Costs for freelancers differ based on industry and experience: 

  • Freelance writers might accept as little as $0.50 per word if they can appreciate the topic or the potential of the magazine itself. Whether you assign per-word or per-project, be sure to communicate word-count expectations clearly.
  • Graphic designers vary from $25 to $300 per hour. This is worth a little extra, because a great eye for color and layout is hard to come by. They can even help first-time publishers develop a new brand. 
  • Photographers range from $25 to $250 per image. Equally as important as copy, photography is a necessary expense for magazines. 

Luckily, it’s the 21st century, and freelancers are everywhere. Any decent editor will have a stable of reliable writers at the ready, but you can fit your needs and budget with this quick list of resources available for your editorial needs: 

  • Upwork ( www.upwork.com ): One of the most popular freelancing sites, Upwork provides opportunities in over 70 different job categories. Millions of freelancers offer over 5,000 skills for 4 million businesses, making this site a great option for publications looking to hire for multiple positions from one platform.
  • Behance ( www.behance.net ): Behance is a platform by Adobe specifically intended for designers to showcase their work. It allows publications to explore candidates around the world. The best part is that the platform is entirely free, which is ideal for those looking to cut costs.
  • PeoplePerHour ( www.peopleperhour.com ): Smaller freelancing platform PeoplePerHour requires users to send a proposal to companies. This is beneficial for first-time publishers who don’t have the time to sift through resumes of prospective employees. 
  • YunoJuno : YunoJuno is a great platform, especially if you’re searching exclusively for designers. They seek to attract top-tier graphic artists, so if magazine design is one of your priorities, look into this amazing freelance space.
  • Freelancer : Freelancer is the largest freelancing website out there. Their matching process consists of a bidding system and allows employers to view past projects and portfolios before hiring someone.

Other websites to hire specialty team members include Fiverr , WriterAccess , and Guru (which also includes translation services if you’re producing a multilingual magazine). 

Pro Tip : Though not directly part of your editorial team, you also need to find a reliable printer during the hiring stage. Ultimately, a Creative Director or Production Manager will manage the issue-to-issue operations.

If you’re distributing your publications, look for a printer who also distributes. This will save you the time and money of hiring two separate companies. 

When your magazine is more established, you should look into hiring a digital marketer. They’ll promote your publication and manage your social media channels. 

One of the most important considerations for starting a magazine in 2024 is making use of all possible platforms, particularly in the interest of marketing. This means taking advantage of all channels to post and promote your magazine and engage with your readers.

  • One way to promote is to send out an email newsletter to your subscribers . Give them industry updates, the latest editions, sneak peaks of articles, and more. By providing digital content for them to read , you keep them engaged with your magazine.
  • Posting digital content has the potential to become an additional stream of revenue — if you require online subscribers to pay a fee. However, this gates your content and prevents readers from sharing it, which hurts engagement and readership. Initially, it’s recommended that you provide online content at no charge and leverage advertisements to generate revenue. Some digital magazines ask for subscriptions in exchange for articles. See this example from The Guardian :

How to start a magazine

  • Use social media to further enrich your brand. You can do this by providing food for thought for your readers, asking questions to get them engaged, or creating videos to support your written content.
  • Podcasts have become increasingly popular over the past few years. Creating a podcast for your magazine in which you explore related, relevant topics could engage your audience and even help you reach new readers. Including ads in your podcasts is another potential source of revenue, and you can also reuse podcast clips as social media content.
  • The most traditional method of promoting your publication is to distribute it strategically . Even in today’s digital world, this remains essential. In addition to your subscribed readers, be sure to send a sample of your publication to potential and existing advertisers. If your publication is free, send your magazine to relevant readers in the industry. For example, if you run a business magazine, it might be a good idea to send it to prominent professional figures, local businesses, networking events, and more.

Businesses with waiting rooms, like doctors’ offices, and colleges and universities are also great places to distribute your publication. 

  • You can build your circulation and subscriber lists through more traditional methods, such as cold calling, street team promotion, or direct mail. 

All of these tactics will bring awareness — and thus, subscribers — to your new magazine. 

2. Launching Your First Issue

So, you’ve ironed out most of the initial kinks and are ready to create content for your magazine. You want your first issue to be palatable, welcoming enough to draw in a readership … but with all of the magazines that exist, your launch must also stand out. 

Creating content is not a linear process, so reading a step-by-step guide will not be helpful. It may even distort your creative process. But the basics are hard to argue with.

Stay up to date not just with other publications that cover your topic, but with specific keywords and conversations being had across all social media. And participate and be active in those niche sectors so you can get a better sense of where people’s interests are currently and where they might be headed. Along with active listening on your topic, make sure to get feedback on your efforts as well.

Here are some additional suggestions to keep in mind: 

  • Your topic should be specific enough to pique interest, but broad enough to generate article ideas around. 
  • Consider topics that are generating conversation among your audience, and position your issue as part of that conversation. 
  • Make sure your topic is relevant to both your audience and the overall concept of your publication. 

As mentioned earlier, it is recommended that you plan out your editorial content at least one year in advance. You can always adjust editions to reflect relevant events and trends, but planning out your content all at once will save you lots of time down the road.

How to start a magazine

Once you’ve chosen your topic, you’ll need to create a mock-up of your issue. 

While your content doesn’t have to be finalized in this stage, it is important to have a general idea of what your issue will contain. 

Plan to include a variety of content. Aim for a good mix of articles, interviews, and opinion pieces. Above all, make sure your content is helpful to readers by providing actionable information. 

Article, design, and photography assignments should be given well before the mock-up is finished. This will ensure that you will receive all of your content in time for your launch. 

Though you may want to keep your costs as low as possible, do not cut corners on content acquisition. High-quality content is well worth the investment. 

If you outsource your content, it would be a good idea to create a style guide. This will ensure that your content is consistent, even if your creators are not. 

Pro Tip: “ A copy editor will take your magazine from good to high-quality … This person provides a fresh, outside set of eyes to go over what you’re creating, and offers insights you would likely miss … Copy editors police your use of grammar, spelling, and punctuation [and] ensure a consistent writing style for your magazine.”

The tasks of writing the articles and curating the images would likely be left to your staff. However, as the founder, you should work hand-in-hand with your designer(s) to create a mock-up that fits your vision. From title treatment and cover concept to the layout of articles and ads, this mock-up will serve as the blueprint for your issue. As you receive finalized content, your graphic designer will stylize it and replace the fillers. 

Mock-ups should also be included in your media kit, a package of information and content with which you pitch your magazine to advertisers. A well designed mock-up will make your pitch that much easier to sell. 

Pro Tip: To visualize your issue without finalized content, use Lorem ipsum text (aka greeking) to fill in empty text boxes and images from the internet as placeholders.

Of course you can’t create your issue, or even the mock-up, without the right tools. Luckily, there are tons to choose from. Here are a few suggestions:

InDesign is an offering from Adobe’s Creative Cloud ( www.adobe.com/creativecloud ) that allows graphic designers to create posters, brochures, magazines, and even interactive eBooks. 

How to start a magazine

  • Highly intuitive, user-friendly software
  • Media is easily exported in a variety of formats 
  • Access to Photoshop tools and effects for images
  • Does not lend itself well to more detailed de signs
  • Text spacing requires manipulation, as it is known to look uneven at times
  • One of the pricier options on this list

Price: Adobe offers a 7-day free trial of InDesign. Otherwise, it is available as part of a subscription to Adobe Creative Cloud. It will cost either $22.99 for the single app or $59.99 for the entire design suite.

DigitalStudio

DigitalStudio is a flat-planning and pagination software by Mirabel Technologies ( www.mirabeltechnologies.com ), created specifically for magazine publishers. 

How to start a magazine

  • Allows users to accommodate ad units and paginate as live inventory changes
  • Interactive software designed for team collaboration
  • Includes free publishing to Mirabel’s Magazine Central , a digital magazine stand
  • Designed exclusively for magazines
  • Included only as part of a Magazine Manager ( www.magazinemanager.com ) subscription to its magazine publishing CRM software

Price: A subscription to the magazine management software costs $65/month/user with an additional $250 initial setup fee, and includes DigitalStudio, access to a powerful publishing CRM (with full publishing ERP software capabilities), electronic invoicing to bill advertisers, and top-tier support services. 

Considering the large scope, it’s the software magazine designers, production staffers, and sales teams alike can utilize together.

Microsoft Publisher

Microsoft Publisher is a design program that comes exclusively with a Microsoft 365 ( www.microsoft.com/microsoft-365 ) subscription. If you use Microsoft, as most businesses do, this might be a great option for you.

How to start a magazine

  • User-friendly interface, drag-and-drop capabilities
  • Tons of templates to choose from
  • Guidelines to ensure that your content is perfectly aligned
  • Only available through Microsoft subscription
  • Only available for PC
  • Not compatible with other programs, such as Adobe

Price: Microsoft offers a 1 month free trial of Publisher, through its trial of Microsoft 365. 

The annual subscription for Microsoft 365 Business Premium is $22/user/month, and includes all of the Microsoft 365 products, along with their secure cloud services.

The next step is, of course, distributing your publication. In addition to the distribution suggestions earlier, you can build your circulation and subscriber lists through traditional methods, such as cold calling, street team promotion, or direct mail. 

Eventually, consider a magazine subscription software, such as Mirabel Technologies’ ChargeBrite platform, to help manage magazine subscription data and recurring revenue.

Obviously, your work is not finished after you distribute your publication. After distribution, you should follow up with your readership. You can do this by sending a postcard or email asking for feedback. 

One of your primary objectives is to satisfy your readers, so their feedback is essential as you move forward with your publication. 

Following up is especially important after your first issue.

Keep track of the things your subscribers enjoyed. Those elements should remain consistent across your editions. If they enjoyed a specific promotion, consider repeating it in a later edition.

On the same note, keep track of the things that your readers were critical of. These will be the things you should focus on fine-tuning as your publication progresses. 

3. Marketing a Magazine

You need a consistent, effective marketing strategy to draw in new readers and keep existing subscribers engaged. When marketing a new magazine — or product of any kind — it’s important to create a brand. 

Let’s circle back to the beginning, and the very first steps we discussed in starting your publication: specifically, establishing a niche or concept that it centers around. It considers a market with a continuous interest in or need for your content, as well as:

  • Stylistic elements

As Small Business Chron put it:

 “ Don’t just sell your content. Sell the benefits of reading your magazine. The more you create a niche for your magazine, or develop a specialized image or brand, the more likely you can generate an affinity for your publication with specific consumers.”

It’s not enough to generate great copy and design striking visuals. A brand is the element that keeps readers coming in and coming back.

Another key strategy to get readers interested in your publication is to diversify your content. Consider adding a product or service to complement your publication.

This could be as simple as creating long-form content, such as books, guides, or whitepapers, on topics that might interest your audience.

It can be as complex as organizing community events or workshops that relate to your niche. 

For instance, the popular lifestyle magazine Kinfolk ( www.kinfolk.com ) would host “ global gatherings held in over 25 locations worldwide ” to celebrate their magazine launches. At these events, they focused on forming genuine connections with their readers.

How to start a magazine

This is just one example of the way that a magazine can diversify by hosting events. 

A restaurant/food and drink magazine might consider organizing a cooking or bartending class that their readers can attend for a small fee. 

A fitness magazine may hold a marathon and donate the proceeds to an athletic-minded charity. This diversifies th eir brand and positions the magazine positively in front of their audience.

Content diversification can be adapted to a digital format, as well. A podcast that touches on topics relevant to your magazine is another way to supplement its content. It could potentially create an additional revenue stream, too, if you decide to include ads.

How to start a magazine

Diversification can also mean giving readers a variety of subscription types to choose from. 

“ The digital era is all about options ,” according to Mag+. “Why not give your readers a range of subscription choices from a single issue to multi-year subscriptions?”

No matter how you choose to provide additional value to your subscribers, it makes all the difference in marketing a magazine.

Without quality content, the readers you attract will not be retained.

You need to ensure that you’re strategizing and developing high-quality content in every issue.

With thousands of publications in the U.S. alone, it’s likely that many of them touch on the same or similar topics as yours.

In order to differentiate yourself, or carve out a space amongst similar big-name publications, your content must set the new standard.

Take it from What’s New in Publishing: 

“ The content should be more than thinly disguised advertising . It offers compelling, valuable content focused on the brand’s customers, not purely — or overly — aimed at selling.”

You want your content to organically generate new subscribers. It’s a slow long-term strategy, but it’s worthwhile because the quality of subscribers is better.

So, what does quality content look like?

Quality content offers readers more than words on a screen or a piece of paper. It connects with readers and gives them content that’s actionable or, at the very least, thought-provoking.

This is no easy feat.

It can be hard to find content that people will read, much less connect with. 

To figure out which content is best for your readers, a great strategy is to analyze successful existing content. Which pieces are they engaging with most? Where are they sharing it online?

The State of Digital Publishing makes a case:

“ Data analyzing is the key to increasing promoting efforts. The better you know your audience, the easier it will be to keep them and reach new ones. Investigate what content your users read most often, what is most often shared, and what social networks your readers are most active on.”

Another good strategy is to ask your readers what content they’re interested in seeing from you. Put a pop-up on your website, send a reader’s poll through email, or reach out with a survey.

Don’t limit the ways that your subscribers can enjoy your content. 

Use all possible mediums to your advantage:

  • Print magazines
  • Digital editions
  • Video (interviews, behind-the-scenes, sneak peeks)
  • Social media polls and links to articles
  • Podcast interviews 
  • Relevant events and/or awards 

The importance of diversifying your content and platforms go hand in hand. For example, a podcast is one way you may choose to use audio content to your advantage. 

If your magazine is primarily a print publication, consider providing a digital edition to reach a wider audience or vice versa. 

Pro Tip: If you decide to host digital content, strategize whether this content will be freely available or reserved for subscribers. A mixture of both is ideal, because a variety of options ensures that you’re reaching as many people as possible.

Try to provide content that’s accessible to the general public, and reserve exclusive content for subscribers. Using this technique, new visitors/potential subscribers get a few sample articles before committing to a paid subscription. Many digital magazines ask users to provide an email address to view all your digital content. This is a great way to build an email list, which can also be used to engage with subscribers. 

Beyond digital and print versions of your publication, it’s a good idea to supplement your content through social media . Content on social media is easily shareable, making it an ideal place to reach new readers.

There’s a variety of content to post on social media, including:

  • “ Fragments of the best content which hasn’t been published yet and which will spark the discussions under a social media post,
  • Videos or photos from behind the scenes of an interview, unpublished or additional material
  • A discount offer for social media users (in exchange for sharing the content/a post) or newsletter readers (in exchange for signing in).”

You can also use your social media to promote upcoming issues. Per the State of Digital Publishing ( www.stateofdigitalpublishing.com ): 

“ Before film producers release a new project , they present a movie trailer. The goal is clear – encourage people to go to the cinemas, buy tickets, and watch the film. My tip for you is to be like a movie producer.”

Social media may also be a place to further promote your brand itself. Twitter and Instagram , for example, are great places to showcase the personality behind your publication.

Similarly, LinkedIn ( www.linkedin.com ) is a great platform to showcase your brand professionally. LinkedIn “ drives 46% of social traffic to B2B sites and is considered the most credible source of content.”

When sharing content to LinkedIn, keep in mind that it’s more likely to be clicked if it includes an image. Also, consider posting video content, as it’s the most commonly shared on the platform. 

As we mentioned above, you may choose to require users’ to provide an email address in order to view your digital content. 

This is because an email newsletter is another great way to keep subscribers engaged. Use it to share updates, as well as new or relevant content based on a user’s past interactions with your articles. 

You can send them more of your free content, and perhaps include an exclusive article or two to entice them to subscribe. Ultimately, marketing CRM software can help not only create this engaging content, but automate how it gets to your audience effectively as well.

How to start a magazine

It may take time to garner a large audience, but it’s a numbers game. The more variety you afford readers to view your content, the better your chances are. 

It takes the strength of multiple tactics to effectively create and market a magazine. These tips are really just the beginning. 

However, by incorporating these elements into a strategy that suits your vision, you’ll be well on your way to a loyal readership and a publication to be proud of.

If you’d like to learn more about Magazine Manager, Mirabel’s Marketing Manager, and/or Mirabel’s DigitalStudio,  request a free demo .

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How to start a magazine online in 15 steps

How to start a magazine online in 15 steps

In some ways, starting a magazine today is easier than ever. But in others, it can be more difficult. All of this is due to the internet. The web puts free information at everyone’s fingertips, instantly available through mobile devices, which has transformed the magazine industry. It also gives every person online the opportunity to create high quality content and express themselves to a wide audience.

Related: 5 ways to monetize your online magazine

In this beginner’s guide, we will discuss  how to start a magazine online.  The guide is broken into three stages, outlining the work that happens before, during and after production. The first stage is brainstorming, followed by creation and collaboration, and finally, distribution. There’s a lot to cover (no pun intended), so let’s dive in.

Ready to start producing your magazine? Dive in right here with Lucidpress’s  free online magazine maker .

Before production: Brainstorming

1. develop your business plan.

Before writing a single word for your magazine, sit down to develop a business plan. This includes your mission (the reason why your magazine should exist), your goals, and how to attain them.

Important questions to consider in your plan:

  • What is the  concept  or focus of your magazine? This should be brief and concise, like an elevator pitch. For example, take a look at this copy from  TIME  magazine’s “About” page: 

start a magazine

  • Which  topics  will you cover, and in what depth? Consider your  tone & voice —there is a big difference between  The New Yorker  and  OK! Magazine,  and you should be consistent.
  • Who is the primary  audience?  Remember, your magazine should speak to others, not just yourself. It’s also important that your audience has a “continuing need” for your content, so they’ll want to subscribe and read more. Think about your audience’s lifestyle, and cater to the issues and ideas they care about.
  • How will the first issue be  funded?  Many magazines earn profit by selling advertising, but it can be hard to attract advertisers at first. Some suggest using personal capital to fund the first issue—raised by saving money, seeking investments, or leveraging the power of crowdfunding.

2. Research the landscape

There are lots of magazines out there already, both digital and in print. Now is the time for you to spend some time at the newsstand (or in your reading app of choice) to evaluate the competition. This will give you a better idea of what’s already being covered and how you can differentiate your publication. It can also reveal gaps and opportunities that are currently not being met in the market, which you can use to your advantage as you develop your magazine concept.

3. Build your team

A magazine is a heady endeavor, one that you shouldn’t undertake alone. Build your team and divide your workload in order to prevent burnout and deliver faster, better results. Your magazine will be stronger for it. Here are a few staff roles you might want to consider.

  • Writers  — Magazines are driven by great content, so of course you’ll need great writers to make it work. Maybe you keep it in-house with a few trusted authors, or maybe you reach out to freelancers to submit pitches. Either way, be clear with writers about your editorial expectations and whether you’re offering any compensation for their work.
  • Editor  — At the end of the line, there should be one pair of eyes to give each piece of content the final yay or nay. The head editor ensures consistency and quality by reinforcing your editorial standards. This includes tone of voice, grammar, mechanics, and even the reach and scope of each article. When you have a strong editor at the helm, the finished magazine will be polished and cohesive.
  • Sales manager  — If your magazine will feature advertisements, a sales manager is indispensable. This person will serve as the point-of-contact for advertisers who will pay for space in your magazine. Having one person available to address their questions and concerns will help you build a better relationship with them, which in turn will lead to higher, more sustainable profits.
  • Marketing manager  — Your magazine needs advertising, too! A marketing manager will work to get attention for your magazine, making sure it’s present in all the right places. For example…If you’re launching a magazine in  print,  you’ll need distributors in bookstores, newsstands, and other public places. If you’re launching  online,  there are many channels for you to explore, from search engine ads to social media. Part of this person’s responsibilities will be deciding which distributors and channels are best for your magazine, and then creating materials (press kits, promotional content, etc.) to support them.
  • Publication manager  — Here is someone who gets down to the nitty-gritty of publication. This person will help you choose a printing partner who meets your needs, both in terms of quality and budget. What will the paper cost? How do the colors look? Are there any errors in the finished product? A publication manager will focus on these seemingly minor details that, in reality, make a huge difference.
  • Partnerships / groups  — These are helpful connections who aren’t necessarily part of your team, but can steer you in the right direction. Partnering with relevant brands can bring more exposure to your magazine, as they share their audience with you. Certain groups made up of local or indie magazines exist to share advice and opportunities with one another, harnessing power in numbers. Take a look around in your community and introduce yourself.

During production: Creation & collaboration

Now it’s time to start creating content and collaborating with your team. This can be a very hectic time, but it’s where the magic happens. If you’re inspired to publish your own magazine, you’re likely familiar with the following steps—but let’s review them anyway.

Finally, time to create articles for your magazine. Depending on its concept, this might mean a few different things: fiction or non-fiction, short stories, journalistic articles, how-to guides, reviews, or even a blend of all of the above. This step encompasses the writing process, from conception to pitch, and from researching to drafting.

It’s not uncommon for articles to undergo more than one round of revisions. Far more than just catching style and grammar mistakes, editing will help the writer focus and elevate their writing. Editors can help with fact-checking as well. Together, writers and editors cooperate to make an article the best it can be.

6. Proofreading

After an article has been written and edited, careful proofreading is required to ensure quality and accuracy. Any typos or errors that made their way through the writing process will be squashed here. Unlike editing, proofreading is not an evaluation of the article’s style, tone, organization or effectiveness. The focus is solely on finding and eliminating errors, so the finished product reads professionally. The person who proofreads might very well be the editor too, but these are still two separate stages of production.

7. Graphic design

The way we enjoy magazines is different from how we consume a book or a newspaper. Although each of these publications provides information, magazines in particular are known for being visual. From elegantly gorgeous to colorfully flashy, magazine design runs the gamut. Your graphic designer is just as responsible for your magazine’s tone and feel as your writers are—if not more so. It’s important for your graphics to match your words. Remember, magazines are less about the information and more about the lifestyle. Browse these  magazine design templates  for some inspiration.

8. Photography

Stock photos are okay here and there, but they’re no substitute for custom photography. Rather than searching for pictures to match your vision (and often, settling for less), a photographer can work with you to capture the pictures you really want. Color, lighting, subject, quality… All of these photo elements contribute to the reader’s perception of your brand. After all, that’s why they say a picture is worth a thousand words. (Or, at least, it’s why we say it.)

9. Make a prototype

Just like with any product, you can’t mass produce until you have a definitive, finalized version. All of the content, words and images are firmly locked into place with no errors or further changes. Holding your first finished prototype (whether in your hand or on a tablet) is a proud moment. Savor it! You’ve put in a lot of work to get here, and there’s still work to be done. You are now ready to start sharing your magazine with the world.

10. Digitize

You probably created your magazine using computer design software, but that doesn’t mean your file is ready to distribute. Different publishers and reading apps have their own standards in terms of file type, size, quality and so on. Make sure you’ve researched and complied with those standards in order to prevent delays.

After production: Distribution

11. find a printer.

Your printing partner is a critical ally on your way to distribution. If you’re only hosting your magazine online, well, you’re off the hook on this one. But if you intend to share hard copies of your magazine locally, regionally, or even nationally… you need a printer you can trust to deliver satisfactory results every time. Do your research, ask around, and interview printing partners until you feel confident that your pick is a good match.

12. Establish your online presence

Perhaps more than any other step, this is paramount to launching a successful online magazine. Your online presence can take many forms, from a website to a blog to social media channels, and maybe even all of the above. What’s important here is building a community of people hungry for your content. People who share the lifestyle and values of your magazine, so they’ll appreciate its message. Find out where those people are online, and make sure they can find you.

13. Decide whether to paywall

This is a tricky question in today’s publishing world. If you paywall all of your content, it might be hard to attract new readers. But, you can’t give it all away for free, either. Striking the right balance between paid and free content might look different for every publication, so experiment to see what works for you. A good place to start is sharing free content and article excerpts on your blog but charging a flat price or subscription for each magazine issue.

14. Build a community around content

Your readers can (and should be) be your best brand advocates. When you foster a strong community on your blog, forum, or social media pages, it gives readers a shared sense of belonging. Discussions are far more interesting when readers get involved, and they can provide you with inspiration and direction. Think about how you can use various types of content to delight your audience. Beyond the pages of your magazine, there are many opportunities. For example, you could start a branded YouTube channel to share vlogs and other video content.

15. Congratulations!

After months of work, you have started an online magazine, and you’re on the track to sustainable growth and success. Once you get to this point, there’s only one thing to do… Get started on the next issue.

Ready to begin?

Want to start your own magazine online?  Lucidpress  will streamline the design process for your whole team. With our intuitive drag-and-drop interface, you can select from gorgeous templates and customize with fonts, colors, shapes, images and more. Invite others to collaborate in real time, and when you’re done, export in a variety of print-ready formats.

Inspired to create your own digital magazine? These free magazine templates are a great starting point.

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Magazine Publisher Business Plan

Start your own magazine publisher business plan

Group Publishing, Inc.

Executive summary executive summary is a brief introduction to your business plan. it describes your business, the problem that it solves, your target market, and financial highlights.">.

The Group Publishing, Inc. (Group Publishing) is the publisher of “Artists In Business” magazine. The magazine, which has already printed an initial issue in July/August 1996 is directed at artists at all levels of business throughout the United States. The management of Group Publishing is targeting a total combined circulation of “Artists In Business” of 206,000 in year one, increasing to 310,000 by the end of year three. The magazine will be published bi-monthly with increased press runs throughout the first three years. Sample distribution, organizational sales, and direct mail to targeted lists of artists will be utilized to build subscriptions.

In addition, Group Publishing will market books via direct marketing and through established artist distribution channels. The direct marketing of Group Publishing books will be implemented through its magazine readership base.

Publishing is a high profit and high margin business. The key to success is successful marketing. The Group has a highly focused multi-dimensional sales and marketing plan to build its total circulation base quickly. The same channels and methods were utilized to establish a circulation of 500,000 in the first year for the Visionary Artist’s periodical.

Successful execution of The Group’s plan will produce sales revenues of $3.1 million in year one, $4.8 million in year two, and $6.4 million in year three. Net profit will increase steadily over the next three years.

The highlights of the business plan are illustrated in the following chart. Sales, margins, and net profit increase each year. The lowest margins occur in year one, reflecting the marketing costs of building the circulation base.

1.1 Objectives

The initial objectives of The Group are as follows:

  • To raise seed capital of $150,000 to ensure publication by month two and to establish a cash reserve to market subscriptions.
  • To have 90,000 subscribers by the end of year one through direct sampling and marketing.
  • To have an additional 50,000 subscribers by the end of year one through organizational sales.
  • To have 10,000 more two-year subscriptions sold.
  • To publish two 36 page issues initially with press runs of 50,000 promotional copies each.
  • To go to 48 pages by issue number three and increase press runs to 75,000 promotional copies.
  • Increase to 100,000 promotional copies in issues five and six.
  • Increase average ad page cost from $1,819 to $2,618 by the end of the first year.
  • To sell an average of 17.5 ad pages per issue throughout year one.

1.2 Mission

“Artists In Business” magazine is for the artist who is a worker at any level. The magazine has a commitment to be a platform to profile artists who are representing artistic vision in the marketplace and who can both encourage and provide role models to other men and women. Group Publishing, through its magazine, books, and editorial content, will be a vessel to inform artists about artistic principles in everyday business and will encourage interaction among artists as business people. Our mission is to promote the concept of “community” in the workplace.

1.3 Keys to Success

The keys to success are:

  • Attaining targeted circulation levels.
  • Controlling costs while spending the maximum on subscription marketing in year one.
  • Carefully monitoring response rates of all media executions.
  • Follow-on marketing of two to four book titles in the first year.
  • Attaining targeted advertising sales revenues.
  • Having quality editorial content in each issue.
  • Making all production and distribution dates in a timely fashion for each issue.

Magazine publisher business plan, executive summary chart image

Company Summary company overview ) is an overview of the most important points about your company—your history, management team, location, mission statement and legal structure.">

Group Publishing, Inc. began as a joint concept between two avocational artists, Red Brushwielder, an advertising executive, and Thallos Green, a former insurance executive and the owner of the “Artists In Business” name. Mr. Green will promote “Artists In Business” as a radio program for syndication (a separate business entity).

Mr. Green is licensing the “Artists In Business” name to The Group Publishing, Inc. for the sum of $1 (one dollar). Mr. Green will also receive one page of advertising at no charge in each and every issue of the magazine and one page of editorial in each issue (as the founder of the magazine). It is expected that the radio show produced by Mr. Green will be a powerful promotional vehicle for the magazine.

Group Publishing will have exclusive rights to “Artists In Business” for all print media, electronic media (Internet home page, CD-ROM, Interactive Publications, etc.), catalogue business, and possible seminars and workshops devoted to the artistic business person.

2.1 Start-up Summary

The following tables and chart outline our start-up requirements and needed funding.

Equity investment in the company is now being made available to outside investors for the first time. The purpose of this investment is to raise the needed “seed” capital to launch the magazine. An initial Private Placement offering to raise from $150K to $375K is in progress. The minimum amount of the offering would be sufficient to publish the first new issue in 1997. Money raised in excess of the minimum will enable full-scale sampling and marketing of subscriptions. It is possible that no further investment may be needed. However, it cannot be assured that additional capital will not be required in the future or that sufficient capital will be available to continue publication.

We anticipate buying back the outside investment in year three for $1.5 million.

Magazine publisher business plan, company summary chart image

Start-up Funding
Start-up Expenses to Fund $83,000
Start-up Assets to Fund $67,000
Total Funding Required $150,000
Assets
Non-cash Assets from Start-up $0
Cash Requirements from Start-up $67,000
Additional Cash Raised $0
Cash Balance on Starting Date $67,000
Total Assets $67,000
Liabilities and Capital
Liabilities
Current Borrowing $0
Long-term Liabilities $0
Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) $0
Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) $0
Total Liabilities $0
Capital
Planned Investment
Private Placement ’96 $150,000
Investor $0
Additional Investment Requirement $0
Total Planned Investment $150,000
Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) ($83,000)
Total Capital $67,000
Total Capital and Liabilities $67,000
Total Funding $150,000
Start-up
Requirements
Start-up Expenses
Legal $7,500
Stationery etc. $2,500
Brochures $5,000
Consultants $12,500
Development Advisory Fee $8,000
Rent $7,500
1st Issue Total $40,000
Total Start-up Expenses $83,000
Start-up Assets
Cash Required $67,000
Start-up Inventory $0
Other Current Assets $0
Long-term Assets $0
Total Assets $67,000
Total Requirements $150,000

2.2 Company Ownership

Red Brushwielder is the founder of The Group Publishing, Inc. a newly formed Southwest “C” corporation. He currently owns all its stock.

2.3 Company Locations and Facilities

The Group Publishing, Inc. has current offices at 1234 Main Street, Anytown, GA. 30000 The phone # is … and the fax # is …. The office is fully equipped and functional. It is not anticipated that expanded facilities will be needed for the first few years of the plan. All business, management and editorial functions will be performed there. All printing, mailing, warehousing, and fulfillment is outsourced.

The Group Publishing will publish “Artists In Business” magazine. The magazine is high gloss, 48 pages, contemporary in look and appeal. Quality art content is the constant goal. The magazine will be entertaining and newsworthy and thought-provoking. It will appeal to a broad artist readership. No magazine like it is available today.

The Group Publishing will also publish softcover and hardcover books. Certain titles will be published in softcover “trade” size. Others (called “booklets” in this plan) will be similar to “paperback” size. Contemporary Arts themes will prevail, particularly those that deal with the demands placed on both business and family life by today’s business climate.

Market Analysis Summary how to do a market analysis for your business plan.">

The target market is broadly based and is defined as the artist business person at all levels in any organization.

Market segments are defined by organizational affiliation.

Media strategy and execution may vary by segment.

Strategy and Implementation Summary

Pro Tip:

5.1 Marketing Strategy

New subscriptions are both sample and media based. Sampling will be done to both known arts organization members and to artist mailing lists. Several of these databases are already available to The Group. “Artists In Business” has access to a list of 100,000 Artist business leaders. All will be sampled with the magazine.

Sample runs will be: 50,000 issues on the first and second runs, 75,000 issues on the second and third runs, and 100,000 issues on the fifth and sixth issues of 1997. All cost associated with these sampling programs are included in the advertising and promotion budgets for those months. A total of $362,000 will be spent on direct mailed sampling geared to subscription.

In alternate months, print media will be used. Arts publications will be employed. “New Brush” magazine, “Colours” magazine, and “Artistic License Today” will have the early insertions. As subscription base grows general interest media will be used later in the year. “Inc.” magazine and “Business Week” are likely choices.

Finally, sales to Arts supply and retail bookstores through magazine distributors will also be accomplished. Key distributors have already expressed interest in the publication.

All sales projections through this multi-channel approach will reflect the different pricing and margin considerations pertinent to each.

5.1.1 Distribution Strategy

Distribution of magazines and books through retail channels are projected at retail less 60%.

Subscriptions through organizations are projected at list less 50%.

All direct sales are booked at full revenue. Cost of product is deducted for 6 issues per year. Fulfillment costs are expensed.

Direct sales of books are billed to credit cards and drop shipped. The magazine is an ideal vehicle to promote these sales.

Future sales are planned directly over the internet from the AIB website.

5.1.3 Strategic Alliances

The strategic alliance with Thallos Green and his AIB radio broadcasts holds great potential. Thallos plans to syndicate the broadcasts on Arts News radio stations across the U.S.

5.1.4 Promotion Strategy

In addition to advertising, direct mail, and media executions, public relations exposure will benefit magazine circulation significantly. Red Brushwielder has already appeared and been interviewed on Arts News radio programs four times. Tapes of these interviews are available. In one instance more than 1800 calls were received requesting subscription information from a single program.

Red Brushwielder has also been asked to tape programs for an Anytown radio station on the subject of Artists in the workplace.

Promotion strategy for sales through organizations to their memberships includes a split of the first year’s subscription revenue with the selling organization.

5.1.5 Pricing Strategy

The “Artists In Business” magazine will sell for $3.95 per single issue on the newsstand.

  • A one-year subscription is $16.95.
  • A two year subscription is $29.95.
  • “Trade” soft-cover books will sell for $14.95.
  • Paperback size “booklets” will sell for $7.95.
  • Future hardcover books will sell for $19.95 to $22.95. No hardcover sales are projected in this three year plan.

5.2 Sales Strategy

Our combined sales strategy of sampling, direct mail, and organizations will result in the following first year sales goals:

  • 90,000 one-year subscriptions.
  • 50,000 one-year subscriptions through organizations.
  • 10,000 two-year subscriptions.

Four book titles are factored in in the second half of the year. Two are “trade” and two are “booklets.” Sales goals are modest.

The following sections illustrate annual revenue over the next three years of $3.1, $4.8, and $6.4 million respectively.

5.2.1 Sales Forecast

The following table and chart presents specific sales forecasts by product, by month, over the first year of sales development. Years two and three are cumulative totals only. All sales project the relevant unit cost and margin differences to reflect discounts, commissions, and revenue splits.

Discount on ad revenue is 15% agency commission and 20% sales commission for a total of 35%.

All product costs for subscriptions are based on $.40 per issue–6 issues for one year, 12 issues for two years.

The only cost not included here is an author’s royalty on book sales–expected to be 15%. These royalty costs are incurred on the P & L statement as an expense item.

Magazine publisher business plan, strategy and implementation summary chart image

Sales Forecast
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Unit Sales
Mag Subscript Sales 1 Yr 90,000 120,000 150,000
Mag Subscript Sales 2 Yr 10,000 20,000 30,000
Mag Subscript Whsl 50,000 50,000 50,000
Newsstand Sales Whsl 56,500 72,000 80,000
Ad Revenue Pages 118 150 150
Book Sales–Direct 25,500 50,000 80,000
Boo Sales–Whsl 7,000 20,000 30,000
Booklet Sales–Direct 14,500 30,000 50,000
Booklet Sales–Whsl 0 15,000 20,000
Total Unit Sales 253,618 377,150 490,150
Unit Prices Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Mag Subscript Sales 1 Yr $16.95 $16.95 $16.95
Mag Subscript Sales 2 Yr $29.95 $29.95 $29.95
Mag Subscript Whsl $8.50 $8.50 $8.50
Newsstand Sales Whsl $0.99 $0.99 $0.99
Ad Revenue Pages $2,182.00 $3,365.00 $3,976.00
Book Sales–Direct $14.95 $14.95 $14.95
Boo Sales–Whsl $5.98 $5.98 $5.98
Booklet Sales–Direct $7.95 $7.95 $7.95
Booklet Sales–Whsl $0.00 $3.18 $3.18
Sales
Mag Subscript Sales 1 Yr $1,525,500 $2,034,000 $2,542,500
Mag Subscript Sales 2 Yr $299,500 $599,000 $898,500
Mag Subscript Whsl $425,000 $425,000 $425,000
Newsstand Sales Whsl $55,935 $71,280 $79,200
Ad Revenue Pages $257,476 $504,750 $596,400
Book Sales–Direct $381,225 $747,500 $1,196,000
Boo Sales–Whsl $41,860 $119,600 $179,400
Booklet Sales–Direct $115,275 $238,500 $397,500
Booklet Sales–Whsl $0 $47,700 $63,600
Total Sales $3,101,771 $4,787,330 $6,378,100
Direct Unit Costs Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Mag Subscript Sales 1 Yr $2.40 $2.40 $2.40
Mag Subscript Sales 2 Yr $4.80 $4.80 $4.80
Mag Subscript Whsl $2.40 $2.40 $2.40
Newsstand Sales Whsl $0.40 $0.40 $0.40
Ad Revenue Pages $788.02 $1,178.00 $1,392.00
Book Sales–Direct $2.99 $2.99 $2.99
Boo Sales–Whsl $2.99 $2.99 $2.99
Booklet Sales–Direct $1.59 $1.59 $1.59
Booklet Sales–Whsl $0.00 $1.59 $1.59
Direct Cost of Sales
Mag Subscript Sales 1 Yr $216,000 $288,000 $360,000
Mag Subscript Sales 2 Yr $48,000 $96,000 $144,000
Mag Subscript Whsl $120,000 $120,000 $120,000
Newsstand Sales Whsl $22,600 $28,800 $32,000
Ad Revenue Pages $92,986 $176,700 $208,800
Book Sales–Direct $76,245 $149,500 $239,200
Boo Sales–Whsl $20,930 $59,800 $89,700
Booklet Sales–Direct $23,055 $47,700 $79,500
Booklet Sales–Whsl $0 $23,850 $31,800
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales $619,816 $990,350 $1,305,000

5.3 Milestones

Important milestones are:

  • Raising “seed” capital.
  • Publishing magazine by February.
  • Launching subscription marketing programs.
  • Achieving subscription goals.

Magazine publisher business plan, strategy and implementation summary chart image

Milestones
Milestone Start Date End Date Budget Manager Department
Sample Milestones 1/4/2008 1/4/2008 $0 ABC Department
Finish Business Plan 5/7/2009 6/6/2009 $100 Dude LeGrande Fromage
Acquire Financing 5/17/2009 7/6/2009 $200 Dudette Legumers
Ah HA! Event 5/27/2009 6/1/2009 $60 Marianne Bosses
Oooooh Noooooo! Event 6/26/2009 7/1/2009 $250 Marionette Chèvre deBlâme
Grande Opening 7/6/2009 7/11/2009 $500 Gloworm Nobs
Marketing Program Starts 6/6/2009 7/1/2009 $1,000 Glower Marketeers
Plan vs. Actual Review 11/1/2009 11/8/2009 $0 Galore Alles
First Break-even Month 3/5/2010 4/4/2010 $0 Bouys Salers
Hire Employees 2/1/2010 3/3/2010 $150 Gulls HRM
Upgrade Business Plan Pro 4/22/2010 4/24/2010 $100 Brass Bossies
Totals $2,360

Management Summary management summary will include information about who's on your team and why they're the right people for the job, as well as your future hiring plans.">

With production and fulfillment services outsourced, The Group Publishing, Inc. has need for general management, editorial, artistic, sales & marketing, and financial expertise.

6.1 Management Team

Red Brushwielder (44), President & CEO, Publisher & Editor Mr. Brushwielder founded and successfully grew an advertising agency over a thirteen year period. He is accomplished in both publishing and direct marketing. One of his largest clients over the years has been Payne’s Gray Publishers, Inc. a NASDAQ public company and Art book publisher.

Mr. Brushwielder has a total of 20 years experience in advertising and publishing. His advertising clients have included American Express, Steinway & Sons Piano Company, Peachtree Software, Parisian Department Stores, and ADP Payroll Services. Red Brushwielder attended the University of South Carolina.

Ochre & Sienna Burnt, Asst. Editors Ochre (50) and Sienna (48) are the founders of Painting Restoration, which has the mission of restoring old family portraits. They are accomplished authors, with the titles “Restoring the Early Portrait” and “Demolishing Portrait Forgeries” to their credit. Ochre served in the U.S. Navy, serving three deployments in Viet Nam as a helicopter pilot.

Ochre holds a BA in Economics from the University of Connecticut, an MBA from California Lutheran College, and a Master’s of Art Education from School of Hard Knocks. Sienna holds a BS in Education from the University of Connecticut.

Timothy Clark (48), VP of Corporate Development Mr. Clark has successfully raised capital for both public and private companies and has written and executed strategic growth plans as both an executive and as a consultant. He has previously been in executive positions with three growth stage companies and also was part of a turn-around team that successfully righted a failed venture-backed start-up. In his early career he held sales and marketing management positions with Lever Brothers Company and the LCR Division of Squibb, Inc. both in Chicago and New York. He is skilled in Strategic Planning and Capital Formation. Mr. Clark holds a BA in Marketing from the University of Notre Dame.

6.2 Management Team Gaps

An art director is needed. Also freelance artists.

Ad sales manager and circulation manager are factored in as needed.

6.3 Personnel Plan

The following table includes the personnel plan and projected salaries for all key people.

Personnel Plan
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Production Personnel
Name or Title or Group $0 $0 $0
Name or Title or Group $0 $0 $0
Subtotal $0 $0 $0
Sales and Marketing Personnel
Ad Sales Mgr. $36,000 $40,000 $44,000
Subscription Mgr. $15,000 $30,000 $33,000
Subtotal $51,000 $70,000 $77,000
General and Administrative Personnel
Red Brushwielder, CEO $60,000 $66,000 $72,000
Ochre & Sienna Burnt, Exec. Editors $52,800 $60,000 $66,000
John Crimson, CFO $12,000 $52,000 $60,000
Exec. Asst. $18,000 $22,000 $24,000
Timothy Clark, VP Corp. Dev. $18,000 $36,000 $48,000
Subtotal $160,800 $236,000 $270,000
Other Personnel
Art Director $52,800 $60,000 $66,000
Freelance Artist $6,000 $6,000 $6,000
Bookkeeper $5,400 $0 $0
Subtotal $64,200 $66,000 $72,000
Total People 10 11 11
Total Payroll $276,000 $372,000 $419,000

Financial Plan investor-ready personnel plan .">

After initial capitalization growth can be financed largely through internal cash flow provided subscription targets are met. In the event of a sales shortfall, marketing can be cut back temporarily to preserve cash. Or, more likely, additional investment may be sought to re-accelerate productive campaigns if growth demands more funding.

The company created by this plan will generate cash as soon as subscription base reaches critical mass.

7.1 Important Assumptions

The following table illustrates the financial assumptions used as the basis for this plan. The key element is six inventory turns per year. This reflects the issues of the magazine as well as ad revenue. Ad space is treated as an inventory item.

Subscriptions are paid in advance. Only 10% of receivables are collected in 30 days, primarily from wholesale accounts. These are notoriously slow payors, so care must be taken not to let these collections run past 60 days. This will be more significant if book sales become a higher-than-expected percentage of revenue.

General Assumptions
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Plan Month 1 2 3
Current Interest Rate 10.00% 10.00% 10.00%
Long-term Interest Rate 10.00% 10.00% 10.00%
Tax Rate 30.00% 30.00% 30.00%
Other 0 0 0

7.2 Key Financial Indicators

The following chart represents changes in critical profit variables. Note that margins and expenses are consistently controlled and net profit increases nicely. Inventory turns slow down somewhat in the third year due to the burden of higher inventories for increasing book sales.

Magazine publisher business plan, financial plan chart image

7.3 Break-even Analysis

This break-even analysis is applicable to the early 1997 time frame only. Key fixed costs represent the “burn” rate prior to major acceleration of marketing plans. Thus, if subscriptions didn’t flow in as planned this represents the point at which the company could continue to survive without increasing marketing. In that event, management could “buy” time to raise additional capital.

Magazine publisher business plan, financial plan chart image

Break-even Analysis
Monthly Units Break-even 7,584
Monthly Revenue Break-even $92,759
Assumptions:
Average Per-Unit Revenue $12.23
Average Per-Unit Variable Cost $2.44
Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost $74,223

7.4 Projected Profit and Loss

We expect net income to near $1 million in year one and $2.4 million in year three. Net profit margins will improve as subscriptions mature and marketing costs decrease.

Magazine publisher business plan, financial plan chart image

Pro Forma Profit and Loss
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Sales $3,101,771 $4,787,330 $6,378,100
Direct Cost of Sales $619,816 $990,350 $1,305,000
Production Payroll $0 $0 $0
Author’s Royalties: 15% $80,754 $172,995 $275,475
Total Cost of Sales $700,570 $1,163,345 $1,580,475
Gross Margin $2,401,201 $3,623,985 $4,797,625
Gross Margin % 77.41% 75.70% 75.22%
Operating Expenses
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and Marketing Payroll $51,000 $70,000 $77,000
Advertising/Promotion $386,176 $72,000 $90,000
Travel $7,500 $9,000 $11,000
Entertainment & Meals $2,400 $3,000 $3,600
Miscellaneous $12,000 $15,000 $18,000
Total Sales and Marketing Expenses $459,076 $169,000 $199,600
Sales and Marketing % 14.80% 3.53% 3.13%
General and Administrative Expenses
General and Administrative Payroll $160,800 $236,000 $270,000
Marketing/Promotion $0 $0 $0
Depreciation $0 $0 $0
Leased Equipment $10,200 $12,500 $14,000
Telephone $7,200 $7,500 $7,800
Postage $138,200 $279,000 $465,000
Rent $30,000 $30,000 $36,000
Utilities $9,000 $10,000 $10,500
Insurance $12,000 $12,000 $14,000
Payroll Taxes $0 $0 $0
Other General and Administrative Expenses $0 $0 $0
Total General and Administrative Expenses $367,400 $587,000 $817,300
General and Administrative % 11.84% 12.26% 12.81%
Other Expenses:
Other Payroll $64,200 $66,000 $72,000
Consultants $0 $0 $0
Other Expenses $0 $0 $0
Total Other Expenses $64,200 $66,000 $72,000
Other % 2.07% 1.38% 1.13%
Total Operating Expenses $890,676 $822,000 $1,088,900
Profit Before Interest and Taxes $1,510,525 $2,801,985 $3,708,725
EBITDA $1,510,525 $2,801,985 $3,708,725
Interest Expense $0 $0 $0
Taxes Incurred $453,157 $840,596 $1,112,618
Net Profit $1,057,368 $1,961,390 $2,596,108
Net Profit/Sales 34.09% 40.97% 40.70%

7.5 Projected Cash Flow

The table below illustrates cash accumulation from the initial assumption of $150K capital infusion. At no point does the company run out of cash. We expect to buy back the initial outside investment in year three.

The chart illustrates the critical cash flow in year one. Note that early contributions on a monthly basis are minimal and only gain momentum in the second half of the year. If shortfalls occur early on more capital may be required.

Magazine publisher business plan, financial plan chart image

Pro Forma Cash Flow
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Cash Received
Cash from Operations
Cash Sales $2,791,594 $4,308,597 $5,740,290
Cash from Receivables $242,574 $441,996 $603,139
Subtotal Cash from Operations $3,034,168 $4,750,593 $6,343,429
Additional Cash Received
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received $0 $0 $0
New Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) $0 $0 $0
New Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0
Sales of Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0
Sales of Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0
New Investment Received $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Received $3,034,168 $4,750,593 $6,343,429
Expenditures Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Expenditures from Operations
Cash Spending $276,000 $372,000 $419,000
Bill Payments $1,582,258 $2,577,550 $3,334,557
Subtotal Spent on Operations $1,858,258 $2,949,550 $3,753,557
Additional Cash Spent
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out $0 $0 $0
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0
Purchase Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0
Purchase Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0
Dividends $0 $0 $1,500,000
Subtotal Cash Spent $1,858,258 $2,949,550 $5,253,557
Net Cash Flow $1,175,910 $1,801,044 $1,089,872
Cash Balance $1,242,910 $3,043,954 $4,133,826

7.6 Projected Balance Sheet

We project a strong growth in net worth over the next several years.

Pro Forma Balance Sheet
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Assets
Current Assets
Cash $1,242,910 $3,043,954 $4,133,826
Accounts Receivable $67,603 $104,339 $139,010
Inventory $89,856 $143,573 $189,188
Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0
Total Current Assets $1,400,369 $3,291,866 $4,462,024
Long-term Assets
Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0
Accumulated Depreciation $0 $0 $0
Total Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0
Total Assets $1,400,369 $3,291,866 $4,462,024
Liabilities and Capital Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable $276,001 $206,109 $280,160
Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
Other Current Liabilities $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Current Liabilities $276,001 $206,109 $280,160
Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0
Total Liabilities $276,001 $206,109 $280,160
Paid-in Capital $150,000 $150,000 $150,000
Retained Earnings ($83,000) $974,368 $1,435,757
Earnings $1,057,368 $1,961,390 $2,596,108
Total Capital $1,124,368 $3,085,757 $4,181,865
Total Liabilities and Capital $1,400,369 $3,291,866 $4,462,024
Net Worth $1,124,367 $3,085,757 $4,181,864

7.7 Business Ratios

These business ratios are limited in value since the company projects no debt. This will also be an advantage if debt capital is desired later without dilution to shareholders. Business ratios for the years of this plan are shown below. Industry profile ratios based on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code 2721, Periodicals, are shown for comparison.

Ratio Analysis
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Industry Profile
Sales Growth 0.00% 54.34% 33.23% -1.70%
Percent of Total Assets
Accounts Receivable 4.83% 3.17% 3.12% 25.50%
Inventory 6.42% 4.36% 4.24% 5.40%
Other Current Assets 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 54.10%
Total Current Assets 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 85.00%
Long-term Assets 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 15.00%
Total Assets 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Current Liabilities 19.71% 6.26% 6.28% 42.30%
Long-term Liabilities 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 12.30%
Total Liabilities 19.71% 6.26% 6.28% 54.60%
Net Worth 80.29% 93.74% 93.72% 45.40%
Percent of Sales
Sales 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Gross Margin 77.41% 75.70% 75.22% 56.10%
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses 43.32% 34.73% 34.52% 39.70%
Advertising Expenses 12.45% 1.50% 1.41% 1.90%
Profit Before Interest and Taxes 48.70% 58.53% 58.15% 4.20%
Main Ratios
Current 5.07 15.97 15.93 2.16
Quick 4.75 15.27 15.25 1.71
Total Debt to Total Assets 19.71% 6.26% 6.28% 54.60%
Pre-tax Return on Net Worth 134.34% 90.80% 88.69% 7.40%
Pre-tax Return on Assets 107.87% 85.12% 83.12% 16.20%
Additional Ratios Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Net Profit Margin 34.09% 40.97% 40.70% n.a
Return on Equity 94.04% 63.56% 62.08% n.a
Activity Ratios
Accounts Receivable Turnover 4.59 4.59 4.59 n.a
Collection Days 56 66 70 n.a
Inventory Turnover 10.91 8.49 7.84 n.a
Accounts Payable Turnover 6.73 12.17 12.17 n.a
Payment Days 27 35 26 n.a
Total Asset Turnover 2.21 1.45 1.43 n.a
Debt Ratios
Debt to Net Worth 0.25 0.07 0.07 n.a
Current Liab. to Liab. 1.00 1.00 1.00 n.a
Liquidity Ratios
Net Working Capital $1,124,367 $3,085,757 $4,181,864 n.a
Interest Coverage 0.00 0.00 0.00 n.a
Additional Ratios
Assets to Sales 0.45 0.69 0.70 n.a
Current Debt/Total Assets 20% 6% 6% n.a
Acid Test 4.50 14.77 14.76 n.a
Sales/Net Worth 2.76 1.55 1.53 n.a
Dividend Payout 0.00 0.00 0.58 n.a
Sales Forecast
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Unit Sales
Mag Subscript Sales 1 Yr 0% 0 5,000 6,500 7,500 8,000 8,000 9,000 9,000 9,000 9,000 9,000 10,000
Mag Subscript Sales 2 Yr 0% 0 0 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
Mag Subscript Whsl 0% 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,500 5,000 5,500 5,000 5,000
Newsstand Sales Whsl 0% 0 5,000 0 7,500 0 10,000 0 10,000 0 12,000 0 12,000
Ad Revenue Pages 0% 0 15 0 15 0 22 0 22 0 22 0 22
Book Sales–Direct 0% 0 0 0 1,500 0 2,000 2,500 3,500 4,000 4,000 4,000 4,000
Boo Sales–Whsl 0% 0 0 0 1,500 2,000 0 1,500 0 0 2,000 0 0
Booklet Sales–Direct 0% 0 0 0 0 0 1,500 1,500 2,000 2,000 2,500 2,500 2,500
Booklet Sales–Whsl 0% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Unit Sales 2,500 13,015 11,000 23,015 15,000 26,522 19,500 30,022 21,000 36,022 21,500 34,522
Unit Prices Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Mag Subscript Sales 1 Yr $16.95 $16.95 $16.95 $16.95 $16.95 $16.95 $16.95 $16.95 $16.95 $16.95 $16.95 $16.95
Mag Subscript Sales 2 Yr $29.95 $29.95 $29.95 $29.95 $29.95 $29.95 $29.95 $29.95 $29.95 $29.95 $29.95 $29.95
Mag Subscript Whsl $8.50 $8.50 $8.50 $8.50 $8.50 $8.50 $8.50 $8.50 $8.50 $8.50 $8.50 $8.50
Newsstand Sales Whsl $0.99 $0.99 $0.99 $0.99 $0.99 $0.99 $0.99 $0.99 $0.99 $0.99 $0.99 $0.99
Ad Revenue Pages $2,182.00 $2,182.00 $2,182.00 $2,182.00 $2,182.00 $2,182.00 $2,182.00 $2,182.00 $2,182.00 $2,182.00 $2,182.00 $2,182.00
Book Sales–Direct $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95 $14.95
Boo Sales–Whsl $5.98 $5.98 $5.98 $5.98 $5.98 $5.98 $5.98 $5.98 $5.98 $5.98 $5.98 $5.98
Booklet Sales–Direct $7.95 $7.95 $7.95 $7.95 $7.95 $7.95 $7.95 $7.95 $7.95 $7.95 $7.95 $7.95
Booklet Sales–Whsl $3.18 $3.18 $3.18 $3.18 $3.18 $3.18 $3.18 $3.18 $3.18 $3.18 $3.18 $3.18
Sales
Mag Subscript Sales 1 Yr $0 $84,750 $110,175 $127,125 $135,600 $135,600 $152,550 $152,550 $152,550 $152,550 $152,550 $169,500
Mag Subscript Sales 2 Yr $0 $0 $29,950 $29,950 $29,950 $29,950 $29,950 $29,950 $29,950 $29,950 $29,950 $29,950
Mag Subscript Whsl $21,250 $25,500 $29,750 $34,000 $34,000 $34,000 $34,000 $38,250 $42,500 $46,750 $42,500 $42,500
Newsstand Sales Whsl $0 $4,950 $0 $7,425 $0 $9,900 $0 $9,900 $0 $11,880 $0 $11,880
Ad Revenue Pages $0 $32,730 $0 $32,730 $0 $48,004 $0 $48,004 $0 $48,004 $0 $48,004
Book Sales–Direct $0 $0 $0 $22,425 $0 $29,900 $37,375 $52,325 $59,800 $59,800 $59,800 $59,800
Boo Sales–Whsl $0 $0 $0 $8,970 $11,960 $0 $8,970 $0 $0 $11,960 $0 $0
Booklet Sales–Direct $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $11,925 $11,925 $15,900 $15,900 $19,875 $19,875 $19,875
Booklet Sales–Whsl $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Sales $21,250 $147,930 $169,875 $262,625 $211,510 $299,279 $274,770 $346,879 $300,700 $380,769 $304,675 $381,509
Direct Unit Costs Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Mag Subscript Sales 1 Yr 0.00% $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40
Mag Subscript Sales 2 Yr 0.00% $4.80 $4.80 $4.80 $4.80 $4.80 $4.80 $4.80 $4.80 $4.80 $4.80 $4.80 $4.80
Mag Subscript Whsl 0.00% $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40 $2.40
Newsstand Sales Whsl 0.00% $0.40 $0.40 $0.40 $0.40 $0.40 $0.40 $0.40 $0.40 $0.40 $0.40 $0.40 $0.40
Ad Revenue Pages 0.00% $637.00 $637.00 $637.00 $637.00 $763.00 $763.00 $763.00 $763.00 $916.00 $916.00 $916.00 $916.00
Book Sales–Direct 0.00% $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99
Boo Sales–Whsl 0.00% $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99 $2.99
Booklet Sales–Direct 0.00% $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59
Booklet Sales–Whsl 0.00% $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59 $1.59
Direct Cost of Sales
Mag Subscript Sales 1 Yr $0 $12,000 $15,600 $18,000 $19,200 $19,200 $21,600 $21,600 $21,600 $21,600 $21,600 $24,000
Mag Subscript Sales 2 Yr $0 $0 $4,800 $4,800 $4,800 $4,800 $4,800 $4,800 $4,800 $4,800 $4,800 $4,800
Mag Subscript Whsl $6,000 $7,200 $8,400 $9,600 $9,600 $9,600 $9,600 $10,800 $12,000 $13,200 $12,000 $12,000
Newsstand Sales Whsl $0 $2,000 $0 $3,000 $0 $4,000 $0 $4,000 $0 $4,800 $0 $4,800
Ad Revenue Pages $0 $9,555 $0 $9,555 $0 $16,786 $0 $16,786 $0 $20,152 $0 $20,152
Book Sales–Direct $0 $0 $0 $4,485 $0 $5,980 $7,475 $10,465 $11,960 $11,960 $11,960 $11,960
Boo Sales–Whsl $0 $0 $0 $4,485 $5,980 $0 $4,485 $0 $0 $5,980 $0 $0
Booklet Sales–Direct $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $2,385 $2,385 $3,180 $3,180 $3,975 $3,975 $3,975
Booklet Sales–Whsl $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales $6,000 $30,755 $28,800 $53,925 $39,580 $62,751 $50,345 $71,631 $53,540 $86,467 $54,335 $81,687
Personnel Plan
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Production Personnel
Name or Title or Group $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Name or Title or Group $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Sales and Marketing Personnel
Ad Sales Mgr. $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000
Subscription Mgr. $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500
Subtotal $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $5,500 $5,500 $5,500 $5,500 $5,500 $5,500
General and Administrative Personnel
Red Brushwielder, CEO $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000
Ochre & Sienna Burnt, Exec. Editors $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400
John Crimson, CFO $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Exec. Asst. $0 $0 $0 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000
Timothy Clark, VP Corp. Dev. $1,500 $1,500 $1,500 $1,500 $1,500 $1,500 $1,500 $1,500 $1,500 $1,500 $1,500 $1,500
Subtotal $11,900 $11,900 $11,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900
Other Personnel
Art Director $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400 $4,400
Freelance Artist $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500
Bookkeeper $450 $450 $450 $450 $450 $450 $450 $450 $450 $450 $450 $450
Subtotal $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350
Total People 8 8 8 8 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10
Total Payroll $20,250 $20,250 $20,250 $22,250 $22,250 $22,250 $24,750 $24,750 $24,750 $24,750 $24,750 $24,750
Pro Forma Profit and Loss
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Sales $21,250 $147,930 $169,875 $262,625 $211,510 $299,279 $274,770 $346,879 $300,700 $380,769 $304,675 $381,509
Direct Cost of Sales $6,000 $30,755 $28,800 $53,925 $39,580 $62,751 $50,345 $71,631 $53,540 $86,467 $54,335 $81,687
Production Payroll $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Author’s Royalties: 15% $0 $0 $0 $4,709 $1,794 $6,274 $8,741 $10,234 $11,355 $13,745 $11,951 $11,951
Total Cost of Sales $6,000 $30,755 $28,800 $58,634 $41,374 $69,025 $59,086 $81,865 $64,895 $100,212 $66,286 $93,638
Gross Margin $15,250 $117,175 $141,075 $203,991 $170,136 $230,254 $215,685 $265,014 $235,805 $280,557 $238,389 $287,871
Gross Margin % 71.76% 79.21% 83.05% 77.67% 80.44% 76.94% 78.50% 76.40% 78.42% 73.68% 78.24% 75.46%
Operating Expenses
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and Marketing Payroll $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $5,500 $5,500 $5,500 $5,500 $5,500 $5,500
Advertising/Promotion $3,000 $38,724 $3,000 $38,724 $3,000 $62,947 $4,800 $62,947 $4,800 $79,717 $4,800 $79,717
Travel $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $750 $750 $750 $750 $750 $750
Entertainment & Meals $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200
Miscellaneous $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Total Sales and Marketing Expenses $7,700 $43,424 $7,700 $43,424 $7,700 $67,647 $12,250 $70,397 $12,250 $87,167 $12,250 $87,167
Sales and Marketing % 36.24% 29.35% 4.53% 16.53% 3.64% 22.60% 4.46% 20.29% 4.07% 22.89% 4.02% 22.85%
General and Administrative Expenses
General and Administrative Payroll $11,900 $11,900 $11,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900 $13,900
Marketing/Promotion $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Depreciation $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Leased Equipment $850 $850 $850 $850 $850 $850 $850 $850 $850 $850 $850 $850
Telephone $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600
Postage $300 $13,950 $300 $13,950 $300 $23,250 $300 $23,250 $300 $31,000 $300 $31,000
Rent $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500 $2,500
Utilities $750 $750 $750 $750 $750 $750 $750 $750 $750 $750 $750 $750
Insurance $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 $1,000
Payroll Taxes 20% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Other General and Administrative Expenses $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total General and Administrative Expenses $17,900 $31,550 $17,900 $33,550 $19,900 $42,850 $19,900 $42,850 $19,900 $50,600 $19,900 $50,600
General and Administrative % 84.24% 21.33% 10.54% 12.77% 9.41% 14.32% 7.24% 12.35% 6.62% 13.29% 6.53% 13.26%
Other Expenses:
Other Payroll $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350
Consultants $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Other Expenses $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Other Expenses $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350 $5,350
Other % 25.18% 3.62% 3.15% 2.04% 2.53% 1.79% 1.95% 1.54% 1.78% 1.41% 1.76% 1.40%
Total Operating Expenses $30,950 $80,324 $30,950 $82,324 $32,950 $115,847 $37,500 $118,597 $37,500 $143,117 $37,500 $143,117
Profit Before Interest and Taxes ($15,700) $36,851 $110,125 $121,667 $137,186 $114,407 $178,185 $146,417 $198,305 $137,440 $200,889 $144,754
EBITDA ($15,700) $36,851 $110,125 $121,667 $137,186 $114,407 $178,185 $146,417 $198,305 $137,440 $200,889 $144,754
Interest Expense $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Taxes Incurred ($4,710) $11,055 $33,038 $36,500 $41,156 $34,322 $53,455 $43,925 $59,492 $41,232 $60,267 $43,426
Net Profit ($10,990) $25,796 $77,088 $85,167 $96,030 $80,085 $124,729 $102,492 $138,814 $96,208 $140,622 $101,328
Net Profit/Sales -51.72% 17.44% 45.38% 32.43% 45.40% 26.76% 45.39% 29.55% 46.16% 25.27% 46.15% 26.56%
Pro Forma Cash Flow
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Cash Received
Cash from Operations
Cash Sales $19,125 $133,137 $152,888 $236,363 $190,359 $269,351 $247,293 $312,191 $270,630 $342,692 $274,208 $343,358
Cash from Receivables $0 $71 $2,547 $14,866 $17,297 $26,092 $21,444 $29,846 $27,717 $34,534 $30,337 $37,823
Subtotal Cash from Operations $19,125 $133,208 $155,435 $251,229 $207,656 $295,443 $268,737 $342,037 $298,347 $377,226 $304,544 $381,181
Additional Cash Received
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received 0.00% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Sales of Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Sales of Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Investment Received $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Received $19,125 $133,208 $155,435 $251,229 $207,656 $295,443 $268,737 $342,037 $298,347 $377,226 $304,544 $381,181
Expenditures Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Expenditures from Operations
Cash Spending $20,250 $20,250 $20,250 $22,250 $22,250 $22,250 $24,750 $24,750 $24,750 $24,750 $24,750 $24,750
Bill Payments $620 $22,274 $127,157 $74,136 $179,333 $82,283 $218,739 $116,024 $238,858 $123,196 $289,628 $110,010
Subtotal Spent on Operations $20,870 $42,524 $147,407 $96,386 $201,583 $104,533 $243,489 $140,774 $263,608 $147,946 $314,378 $134,760
Additional Cash Spent
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Purchase Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Purchase Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Dividends $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Spent $20,870 $42,524 $147,407 $96,386 $201,583 $104,533 $243,489 $140,774 $263,608 $147,946 $314,378 $134,760
Net Cash Flow ($1,745) $90,684 $8,028 $154,843 $6,073 $190,910 $25,247 $201,263 $34,740 $229,280 ($9,834) $246,422
Cash Balance $65,255 $155,939 $163,967 $318,810 $324,883 $515,793 $541,040 $742,303 $777,043 $1,006,323 $996,489 $1,242,910
Pro Forma Balance Sheet
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Assets Starting Balances
Current Assets
Cash $67,000 $65,255 $155,939 $163,967 $318,810 $324,883 $515,793 $541,040 $742,303 $777,043 $1,006,323 $996,489 $1,242,910
Accounts Receivable $0 $2,125 $16,847 $31,287 $42,684 $46,538 $50,374 $56,407 $61,249 $63,602 $67,145 $67,275 $67,603
Inventory $0 $6,600 $33,831 $31,680 $59,318 $43,538 $69,026 $55,380 $78,794 $58,894 $95,114 $59,769 $89,856
Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Current Assets $67,000 $73,980 $206,617 $226,934 $420,811 $414,959 $635,193 $652,827 $882,346 $899,538 $1,168,581 $1,123,532 $1,400,369
Long-term Assets
Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Accumulated Depreciation $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Assets $67,000 $73,980 $206,617 $226,934 $420,811 $414,959 $635,193 $652,827 $882,346 $899,538 $1,168,581 $1,123,532 $1,400,369
Liabilities and Capital Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable $0 $17,970 $124,811 $68,041 $176,751 $74,869 $215,018 $107,923 $234,950 $113,329 $286,163 $100,492 $276,001
Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Other Current Liabilities $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Current Liabilities $0 $17,970 $124,811 $68,041 $176,751 $74,869 $215,018 $107,923 $234,950 $113,329 $286,163 $100,492 $276,001
Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Liabilities $0 $17,970 $124,811 $68,041 $176,751 $74,869 $215,018 $107,923 $234,950 $113,329 $286,163 $100,492 $276,001
Paid-in Capital $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000
Retained Earnings ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000) ($83,000)
Earnings $0 ($10,990) $14,806 $91,893 $177,060 $273,090 $353,175 $477,904 $580,396 $719,210 $815,418 $956,040 $1,057,368
Total Capital $67,000 $56,010 $81,806 $158,893 $244,060 $340,090 $420,175 $544,904 $647,396 $786,210 $882,418 $1,023,040 $1,124,368
Total Liabilities and Capital $67,000 $73,980 $206,617 $226,934 $420,811 $414,959 $635,193 $652,827 $882,346 $899,538 $1,168,581 $1,123,532 $1,400,369
Net Worth $67,000 $56,010 $81,806 $158,893 $244,060 $340,090 $420,175 $544,904 $647,396 $786,210 $882,418 $1,023,040 $1,124,367

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Magazine Business Plan Template [Updated 2024]

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Magazine Business Plan Template

If you want to start a Magazine business or expand your current Magazine business, you need a business plan.

The following Magazine business plan template gives you the key elements to include in a winning Magazine business plan.

You can download our business plan template (including a full, customizable financial model) to your computer here.

Below are links to each of the key sections of your Magazine business plan: I. Executive Summary II. Company Overview III. Industry Analysis IV. Customer Analysis V. Competitive Analysis VI. Marketing Plan VII. Operations Plan VIII. Management Team IX. Financial Plan

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Magazine Business Plan Home I. Executive Summary II. Company Overview III. Industry Analysis IV. Customer Analysis V. Competitive Analysis VI. Marketing Plan VII. Operations Plan VIII. Management Team IX. Financial Plan

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Magazine Publishing Business Plan Sample

Published May.08, 2018

Updated Apr.23, 2024

By: Jakub Babkins

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Magazine Publishing Business Plan Sample

Table of Content

Do you want to start magazine publishing business?

Do you want to start a magazine publishing business? Although this business requires a lot of initial capital, the rate of return which it yields on investment is extremely high. Magazine companies generate incomes from various sources such as from the advertisements which are featured in them, from the people who sign in online, and of course, from their sales in newsstands. But starting a magazine isn’t an easy job and you will have to effectively plan everything. In the United States, 9 out of 10 magazine businesses fail due to poor planning. That’s why before you consider how to start your own magazine , you will have to prepare a comprehensive business plan. If you are wondering how to write one, here we are providing you the business plan of a magazine publishing business startup named ‘The Reader Monthly’.

Executive Summary

2.1 the business.

The Reader Monthly will be a lifestyle magazine owned by Martha Martin, a passionate writer. The company’s main office will be located in Dallas.

2.2 Management

The success of a startup heavily depends on its staff and management that’s why Martha planned it before considering how to start a magazine business on your own . The main management of the company will comprise of sales executives, graphic artists, and journalists. The staff will be hired one month before the launch of startup and will be trained by Martha.

2.3 Customers

We will target the young adults, adults and senior citizens of the United States. Our readers can read our magazine either in printed form or in digital form on any device.

2.4 Business Target

Our business targets, as outlined by our publishing company business plan , are as follows:

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - 3 Years Profit Forecast

Company Summary

3.1 company owner.

The Reader Monthly will be owned by Martha Martin, a passionate writer. Martha has been associated with some of the biggest international magazines including TIME and PEOPLE for more than 13 years.

3.2 Why the Business is being started

The business is being started due to two reasons. The first one is to make profits in this industry. The second one is Martha’s passion for writing and her desire to add something better to the society. Martha herself described the reason for starting her venture in the book launch ceremony of her latest book The Dying Angel as, “ starting my own magazine is something I am born for.”

3.3 How the Business will be started

The company will be started in an abandoned press office in Dallas which ceased to function a few months before. The company will initially procure following things for the startup.

  • Office furniture including filing cabinets, work desks, roundtables, couches and chairs for the meeting area
  • Computers with color printers and scanners
  • Press machines
  • Graphic designing software including Illustrator, Freehand, and Photoshop
  • A strong internet connection and office telecom systems
  • Assorted office stationary and brochures

The financial experts have forecasted following costs for the startup:

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Startup Cost

The detailed startup requirements are given below:

Legal$55,300
Consultants$0
Insurance$32,750
Rent$32,500
Research and Development$32,750
Expensed Equipment$32,750
Signs$1,250
TOTAL START-UP EXPENSES$187,300
Start-up Assets$220,875
Cash Required$332,500
Start-up Inventory$32,625
Other Current Assets$232,500
Long-term Assets$235,000
TOTAL ASSETS$121,875
Total Requirements$245,000
 
START-UP FUNDING$273,125
Start-up Expenses to Fund$151,875
Start-up Assets to Fund$123,000
TOTAL FUNDING REQUIRED$0
Assets$23,125
Non-cash Assets from Start-up$18,750
Cash Requirements from Start-up$0
Additional Cash Raised$18,750
Cash Balance on Starting Date$21,875
TOTAL ASSETS$373,125
Liabilities and Capital$0
Liabilities$0
Current Borrowing$0
Long-term Liabilities$0
Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills)$0
Other Current Liabilities (interest-free)$0
TOTAL LIABILITIES$0
Capital$620,125
Planned Investment$620,125
Investor 1$0
Investor 2$0
Other$0
Additional Investment Requirement$0
TOTAL PLANNED INVESTMENT$620,125
Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses)$313,125
TOTAL CAPITAL$251,875
TOTAL CAPITAL AND LIABILITIES$251,875
Total Funding$255,000

Services for customers

Before you start a publishing business or even think about how to start a publishing business , you must decide what type of magazine will you be publishing and which niches will it cover. You must also plan what other services for business will you offer, for instance, sending magazines to subscribers by mail. The Reader Monthly will be a lifestyle magazine but it will also contain a few sections featuring health, entertainment, and technology. We will offer following services to our customers/readers:

  • Magazine Retail Sales: Our readers can get our latest magazines from any newsstand or bookshops located across the United States. Retail sales will be the biggest generator of our revenue in our annual sales from the magazine readers.
  • Magazine Subscription: Our readers can also subscribe us to get the latest magazine delivered to their doorstep in printed form.
  • Magazine Online Subscription: Our readers can also subscribe us to get a copy of the electronic magazine which can be read on any electronic device.
  • Advertisements: We will offer advertisement services to the various companies and businesses located across the United States. Advertisements will be our biggest source of revenue.

Marketing Analysis of magazine publishing business

The most important component of successful magazines business plan is its accurate marketing analysis that’s why Martha acquired the services of marketing experts to help her through this phase. It is only after this stage that a good magazine business plan could have been developed. If you are starting a magazine on a smaller scale, say an online magazine, you can just take help from this magazine business plan sample or the other magazine business plans available online. Marketing analysis is an extremely important component of all publishing business plans , therefore, it must be considered before starting a magazine business plan .

5.1 Market Trends

The American magazine industry contributes $28 billion in revenue every year and the magazine advertising are alone responsible for generating more than $15.2 billion. There are more than 21,000 publishing businesses in the United States that employ more than 117,000 people across the country. However, the magazine industry declined rapidly with the increasing popularity of the internet and the smartphones which completely eliminated the need for printed magazines. The industry nowadays is truly struggling for surviving in America as well as in other countries. A 2012 survey revealed that only 3 percent of Americans read magazines on a regular basis. Statistics has it that in 1985, there were more than 1,676 dailies in America but in 2011, the number dropped to below 1,400 and is still dropping. While the popularity of printed magazines keeps falling, people are paying more attention to electronic magazines which can be read on any device like laptops, mobile phones, kindles. You also need to create a magazine in a mobile application that will allow users to quickly learn about the release of new materials, but for this, you will have to write a business plan for mobile applications . After identifying these trends, it is clearly evident that it is not easy for a startup to survive in the magazine industry unless it is properly planned and adds value to its readers.

5.2 Marketing Segmentation

It is very important to analyze the market segmentation of the readers which will be buying your magazine because a successful and efficient magazine marketing plan can only be developed after we completely know our potential customers. Our experts have identified the following type of audience which we will be targeting:

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Marketing Segmentation

The detailed marketing segmentation of our target audience is as follows:

5.2.1 Young Adults:

Our first target group will be the young adults in the United States who are between 18 to 25 years of age. This group mostly comprises of college or university students who like to read magazines in their free time. According to a recent survey by Statista, young adults read more magazines than any other age group in the United States that’s why this group will have the biggest contribution in our revenue from the magazine’s sales.

5.2.2 Adults:

Our second target group comprises of adults from 25 to 60 years of age. These people lead a busy life due to their employment and other engagements that’s why they don’t read as many magazines as the young adults or the senior citizens.

5.2.3 Senior Citizens:

Our third group comprises of senior citizens aged above 60. These people are usually retired and have a lot of spare time that’s why they also read magazines. The detailed market analysis of our potential customers is given in the following table:

       
Potential CustomersGrowth
Senior Citizens35%11,43313,34416,55318,74520,54513.43%
Young Adults45%22,33432,34443,66552,54466,43210.00%
Adults20%12,86714,43315,99917,56519,13115.32%
Total100%46,63460,12176,21788,854106,1089.54%

5.3 Business Target

We aim to see ourselves among the top ten lifestyle magazines of the United States within next six years of our launch. Our main business targets to be achieved as milestones over the course of next three years are as follows:

  • To achieve the net profit margin of $10k per month by the end of the first year, $15k per month by the end of the second year, and $25k per month by the end of the third year
  • To balance the initial cost of the startup with earned profits by the end of the first year
  • To have around 99,000 subscribers through direct sampling and marketing by the end of the first year

5.4 Product Pricing

Our pricing strategy is as follows:

  • Single issue: $0.65 per issue
  • Yearly print subscription: $7.0 per 12 issues
  • Yearly e-magazine subscription: $1.49 per 12 e-issues

We have strategically priced our e-magazines in extremely cheaper range due to two reasons. Most of the people prefer electronic magazines to print magazines, and it is costlier to send print magazines to the readers as compared to providing them the digital ones.

Sales strategy is also an important component of an effective magazine business plan so make sure to plan it before you consider how to start a magazine business .

6.1 Competitive Analysis

We have a really tough competition because we will be competing with magazines some of which have been around for decades. Our biggest competitors are US Weekly, The New Yorker, Cosmopolitan, Esquire, Vanity Fair, Harper’s BAZAAR and GQ. Our competitive advantage will be our lower prices combined with quality content which will be no less than that of the top magazines.

6.2 Sales Strategy

After carrying out a detailed analysis, our experts came up with the following brilliant ideas to advertise and sell ourselves.

  • Google search ranking is one of the most important factors in deciding the success of online magazines, that’s why we will put special emphasis on it. We would do our best to get higher rankings in Google search results.
  • We will give away 3 free magazines copies to our readers upon subscription.
  • We will carry out a large-scale social media campaign and will interact with our readers to promote their interest.

6.3 Sales Monthly

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Sales Monthly

6.4 Sales Yearly

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Sales Yearly

6.5 Sales Forecast

Our forecasted sales on a yearly basis are summarized in the following column charts:

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Unit Sales

The detailed information about sales forecast is given in the following table:

Unit Sales
Advertisements1,887,0302,680,3202,588,240
Magazine Retail Sales802,370815,430823,540
Magazine Online Subscription539,3207702301,002,310
Magazine Subscription265,450322,390393,320
TOTAL UNIT SALES
Unit PricesYear 1Year 2Year 3
Advertisements$140.00$150.00$160.00
Magazine Retail Sales$0.65$0.70$0.75
Magazine Online Subscription$1.49$1.79$1.99
Magazine Subscription$7.00$7.50$8.00
Sales   
Advertisements$2,149,800$2,784,000$3,383,200
Magazine Retail Sales$120,050$194,500$268,500
Magazine Online Subscription$50,110$71,600$93,000
Magazine Subscription$139,350$194,600$249,850
TOTAL SALES   
Direct Unit CostsYear 1Year 2Year 3
Advertisements$0.70$0.80$0.90
Magazine Retail Sales$0.40$0.45$0.50
Magazine Online Subscription$0.30$0.35$0.40
Magazine Subscription$3.00$3.50$4.00
Direct Cost of Sales   
Advertisements$989,300$1,839,000$2,679,700
Magazine Retail Sales$66,600$119,900$173,200
Magazine Online Subscription$17,900$35,000$52,100
Magazine Subscription$19,400$67,600$115,800
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales$1,294,100$1,699,400$2,104,700

Personnel plan

Personnel plan, like all other plans, is an important component of an effective business plan so it must be planned before you think about how to start my own magazine .

7.1 Company Staff

Martha will act as the Chief Editor of the magazine and will initially hire following people:

  • 1 Accountant for maintaining financial and other records
  • 2 Sales Executives responsible for marketing and discovering new ventures
  • 6 Graphic Artists for designing the magazines
  • 10 Journalists for creating the content for the magazines
  • 4 Technical Assistants for handling the company’s web and social media pages
  • 20 Print Press Workers for publishing the magazine
  • 10 Distributors for distributing the magazines to various outlets across the United States

7.2 Average Salary of Employees

 
Accountant$85,000$95,000$105,000
Sales Executives$45,000$50,000$55,000
Graphic Artists$410,000$440,000$480,000
Journalists$340,000$387,000$434,000
Technical Assistants$208,000$225,000$322,000
Print Press Workers$680,000$720,000$760,000
Distributors$560,000$600,000$640,000
Total Salaries$750,000$827,000$914,000

Financial Plan

As the last step for preparing a magazine publishing business plan , you have to prepare a detailed financial plan. The financial plan should craft a detailed map of all the expenses needed for the startup and how these expenses will be met by the earned profits. It is recommended that you hire a financial expert for guiding you through all financial aspects needed for starting a magazine business .

8.1 Important Assumptions

 
Plan Month123
Current Interest Rate10.00%11.00%12.00%
Long-term Interest Rate10.00%10.00%10.00%
Tax Rate26.42%27.76%28.12%
Other000

8.2 Brake-even Analysis

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Brake-even Analysis

Monthly Units Break-even5530
Monthly Revenue Break-even$159,740
Assumptions: 
Average Per-Unit Revenue$260.87
Average Per-Unit Variable Cost$0.89
Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost$196,410

8.3 Projected Profit and Loss

 
Sales$309,069$385,934$462,799
Direct Cost of Sales$15,100$19,153$23,206
Other$0$0$0
TOTAL COST OF SALES
Gross Margin$293,969$366,781$439,593
Gross Margin %94.98%94.72%94.46%
Expenses   
Payroll$138,036$162,898$187,760
Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses$1,850$2,000$2,150
Depreciation$2,070$2,070$2,070
Leased Equipment$0$0$0
Utilities$4,000$4,250$4,500
Insurance$1,800$1,800$1,800
Rent$6,500$7,000$7,500
Payroll Taxes$34,510$40,726$46,942
Other$0$0$0
Total Operating Expenses$188,766$220,744$252,722
Profit Before Interest and Taxes$105,205$146,040$186,875
EBITDA$107,275$148,110$188,945
Interest Expense$0$0$0
Taxes Incurred$26,838$37,315$47,792
Net Profit$78,367$108,725$139,083
Net Profit/Sales30.00%39.32%48.64%

8.3.1 Profit Monthly

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Profit Monthly

8.3.2 Profit Yearly

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Profit Yearly

8.3.3 Gross Margin Monthly

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Gross Margin Monthly

8.3.4 Gross Margin Yearly

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Gross Margin Yearly

8.4 Projected Cash Flow

Magazine Publishing Business Plan - Projected Cash Flow

Cash Received
Cash from Operations   
Cash Sales$40,124$45,046$50,068
Cash from Receivables$7,023$8,610$9,297
SUBTOTAL CASH FROM OPERATIONS
Additional Cash Received   
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received$0$0$0
New Current Borrowing$0$0$0
New Other Liabilities (interest-free)$0$0$0
New Long-term Liabilities$0$0$0
Sales of Other Current Assets$0$0$0
Sales of Long-term Assets$0$0$0
New Investment Received$0$0$0
SUBTOTAL CASH RECEIVED
ExpendituresYear 1Year 2Year 3
Expenditures from Operations   
Cash Spending$21,647$24,204$26,951
Bill Payments$13,539$15,385$170,631
SUBTOTAL SPENT ON OPERATIONS
Additional Cash Spent   
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out$0$0$0
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing$0$0$0
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment$0$0$0
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment$0$0$0
Purchase Other Current Assets$0$0$0
Purchase Long-term Assets$0$0$0
Dividends$0$0$0
SUBTOTAL CASH SPENT
Net Cash Flow$11,551$13,167$15,683
Cash Balance$21,823$22,381$28,239

8.5 Projected Balance Sheet

Assets
Current Assets   
Cash$184,666$218,525$252,384
Accounts Receivable$12,613$14,493$16,373
Inventory$2,980$3,450$3,920
Other Current Assets$1,000$1,000$1,000
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS
Long-term Assets   
Long-term Assets$10,000$10,000$10,000
Accumulated Depreciation$12,420$14,490$16,560
TOTAL LONG-TERM ASSETS
TOTAL ASSETS
Liabilities and CapitalYear 1Year 2Year 3
Current Liabilities   
Accounts Payable$9,482$10,792$12,102
Current Borrowing$0$0$0
Other Current Liabilities$0$0$0
SUBTOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES
Long-term Liabilities$0$0$0
TOTAL LIABILITIES
Paid-in Capital$30,000$30,000$30,000
Retained Earnings$48,651$72,636$96,621
Earnings$100,709$119,555$138,401
TOTAL CAPITAL
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL
Net Worth$182,060$226,240$270,420

8.6 Business Ratios

 
Sales Growth4.35%30.82%63.29%4.00%
Percent of Total Assets    
Accounts Receivable5.61%4.71%3.81%9.70%
Inventory1.85%1.82%1.79%9.80%
Other Current Assets1.75%2.02%2.29%27.40%
Total Current Assets138.53%150.99%163.45%54.60%
Long-term Assets-9.47%-21.01%-32.55%58.40%
TOTAL ASSETS
Current Liabilities4.68%3.04%2.76%27.30%
Long-term Liabilities0.00%0.00%0.00%25.80%
Total Liabilities4.68%3.04%2.76%54.10%
NET WORTH
Percent of Sales    
Sales100.00%100.00%100.00%100.00%
Gross Margin94.18%93.85%93.52%0.00%
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses74.29%71.83%69.37%65.20%
Advertising Expenses2.06%1.11%0.28%1.40%
Profit Before Interest and Taxes26.47%29.30%32.13%2.86%
Main Ratios    
Current25.8629.3932.921.63
Quick25.428.8832.360.84
Total Debt to Total Assets2.68%1.04%0.76%67.10%
Pre-tax Return on Net Worth66.83%71.26%75.69%4.40%
Pre-tax Return on Assets64.88%69.75%74.62%9.00%
Additional RatiosYear 1Year 2Year 3 
Net Profit Margin19.20%21.16%23.12%N.A.
Return on Equity47.79%50.53%53.27%N.A.
Activity Ratios    
Accounts Receivable Turnover4.564.564.56N.A.
Collection Days9299106N.A.
Inventory Turnover19.722.5525.4N.A.
Accounts Payable Turnover14.1714.6715.17N.A.
Payment Days272727N.A.
Total Asset Turnover1.841.551.26N.A.
Debt Ratios    
Debt to Net Worth0-0.02-0.04N.A.
Current Liab. to Liab.111N.A.
Liquidity Ratios    
Net Working Capital$120,943$140,664$160,385N.A.
Interest Coverage000N.A.
Additional Ratios    
Assets to Sales0.450.480.51N.A.
Current Debt/Total Assets4%3%2%N.A.
Acid Test23.6627.0130.36N.A.
Sales/Net Worth1.68=”13%”>1.290.9N.A.
Dividend Payout000N.A.

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How to Write the Perfect Business Plan: A Comprehensive Guide

Thinking of starting a business here's the best step-by-step template for writing the perfect business plan when creating your startup..

How to Write the Perfect Business Plan: A Comprehensive Guide

Maybe you think you don't need a step-by-step guide to writing a great business plan . Maybe you think you don't need a template for writing a business plan. After all, some entrepreneurs succeed without writing a business plan. With great timing, solid business skills, entrepreneurial drive, and a little luck , some founders build thriving businesses without creating even an  informal business plan . 

But the odds are greater that those entrepreneurs will fail.

Does a business plan make startup success inevitable? Absolutely not. But great planning often means the difference between success and failure. Where your entrepreneurial dreams are concerned, you should do everything possible to set the stage for success.

And that's why a great business plan is one that helps you  succeed .

The following is a comprehensive guide to creating a great business plan. We'll start with an overview of key concepts. Then we'll look at each section of a typical business plan:

Executive Summary

Overview and objectives, products and services, market opportunities, sales and marketing.

  • Competitive Analysis

Management Team

Financial analysis.

So first let's gain a little perspective on why you need a business plan.

Key Concepts

Many business plans are fantasies. That's because many aspiring entrepreneurs see a business plan as simply a tool--filled with strategies and projections and hyperbole--that will convince lenders or investors the business makes sense.

That's a huge mistake.

First and foremost, your business plan should convince  you  that your idea makes sense--because your time, your money, and your effort are on the line.

So a solid business plan should be a blueprint for a successful business . It should flesh out strategic plans, develop marketing and sales plans, create the foundation for smooth operations, and maybe--just maybe--persuade a lender or investor to jump on board.

For many entrepreneurs, developing a business plan is the first step in the process of deciding whether to actually start a business. Determining if an idea fails on paper can help a prospective founder avoid wasting time and money on a business with no realistic hope of success.

So, at a minimum, your plan should:

  • Be as objective and logical as possible. What may have seemed like a good idea for a business can, after some thought and analysis, prove not viable because of heavy competition, insufficient funding, or a nonexistent market. (Sometimes even the best ideas are simply ahead of their time.)
  • Serve as a guide to the business's operations for the first months and sometimes years, creating a blueprint for company leaders to follow.
  • Communicate the company's purpose and vision, describe management responsibilities, detail personnel requirements, provide an overview of marketing plans, and evaluate current and future competition in the marketplace.
  • Create the foundation of a financing proposal for investors and lenders to use to evaluate the company.

A good business plan delves into each of the above categories, but it should also accomplish other objectives. Most of all, a good business plan is  convincing . It proves a case. It provides concrete, factual evidence showing your idea for a business is in fact sound and reasonable and has every chance of success.

Who  must  your business plan convince?

First and foremost, your business plan should convince  you  that your idea for a business is not just a dream but can be a viable reality. Entrepreneurs are by nature confident, positive, can-do people. After you objectively evaluate your capital needs, products or services, competition, marketing plans, and potential to make a profit, you'll have a much better grasp on your chances for success.

And if you're not convinced, fine: Take a step back and refine your ideas and your plans.

Who  can  your business plan convince?

1. Potential sources of financing.   If you need seed money from a bank or friends and relatives, your business plan can help you make a great case. Financial statements can show where you have been. Financial projections describe where you plan to go.

Your business plan shows how you will get there. Lending naturally involves risk, and a great business plan can help lenders understand and quantity that risk, increasing your chances for approval.

2. Potential partners and investors. Where friends and family are concerned, sharing your business plan may not be necessary (although it certainly could help).

Other investors--including angel investors or venture capitalists--generally require a business plan in order to evaluate your business.

3. Skilled employees . When you need to attract talent, you need  something  to show prospective employees since you're still in the startup phase. Early on, your business is more of an idea than a reality, so your business plan can help prospective employees understand your goals--and, more important, their place in helping you achieve those goals.

4. Potential joint ventures. Joint ventures are like partnerships between two companies. A joint venture is a formal agreement to share the work--and share the revenue and profit. As a new company, you will likely be an unknown quantity in your market. Setting up a joint venture with an established partner could make all the difference in getting your business off the ground.

But above all, your business plan should convince  you  that it makes sense to move forward.

As you map out your plan, you may discover issues or challenges you had not anticipated.

Maybe the market isn't as large as you thought. Maybe, after evaluating the competition, you realize your plan to be the low-cost provider isn't feasible since the profit margins will be too low to cover your costs.

Or you might realize the fundamental idea for your business is sound, but how you implement that idea should change. Maybe establishing a storefront for your operation isn't as cost-effective as taking your products directly to customers--not only will your operating costs be lower, but you can charge a premium since you provide additional customer convenience.

Think of it this way. Successful businesses do not remain static. They learn from mistakes, and adapt and react to changes: changes in the economy, the marketplace, their customers, their products and services, etc. Successful businesses identify opportunities and challenges and react accordingly.

Creating a business plan lets you spot opportunities and challenges without risk. Use your plan to dip your toe in the business water. It's the perfect way to review and revise your ideas and concepts before you ever spend a penny.

Many people see writing a business plan as a "necessary evil" required to attract financing or investors. Instead, see your plan as a no-cost way to explore the viability of your potential business and avoid costly mistakes.

Now let's look at the first section of your business plan: The Executive Summary.

The Executive Summary is a brief outline of the company's purpose and goals. While it can be tough to fit on one or two pages, a good Summary includes:

  • A brief description of products and services
  • A summary of objectives
  • A solid description of the market
  • A high-level justification for viability (including a quick look at your competition and your competitive advantage)
  • A snapshot of growth potential
  • An overview of funding requirements

I know that seems like a lot, and that's why it's so important you get it right. The Executive Summary is often the make-or-break section of your business plan.

A great business solves customer problems. If your Summary cannot clearly describe, in one or two pages, how your business will solve a particular problem and make a profit, then it's very possible the opportunity does not exist--or your plan to take advantage of a genuine opportunity is not well developed.

So think of it as a snapshot of your business plan. Don't try to "hype" your business--focus on helping a busy reader get a great feel for what you plan to do, how you plan to do it, and how you will succeed.

Since a business plan should above all help you start and grow your business, your Executive Summary should first and foremost help you do the following.

1. Refine and tighten your concept.

Think of it as a written elevator pitch  (with more detail, of course). Your Summary describes the highlights of your plan, includes only the most critical points, and leaves out less important issues and factors.

As you develop your Summary, you will naturally focus on the issues that contribute most to potential success. If your concept is too fuzzy, too broad, or too complicated, go back and start again. Most great businesses can be described in several sentences, not several pages.

2. Determine your priorities.

Your business plan walks the reader through your plan. What ranks high in terms of importance? Product development? Research? Acquiring the right location? Creating strategic partnerships?

Your Summary can serve as a guide to writing the rest of your plan.

3. Make the rest of the process easy.

Once your Summary is complete, you can use it as an outline for the rest of your plan. Simply flesh out the highlights with more detail.

Then work to accomplish your secondary objective by focusing on your readers. Even though you may be creating a business plan solely for your own purposes, at some point you may decide to seek financing or to bring on other investors, so make sure your Summary meets their needs as well. Work hard to set the stage for the rest of the plan. Let your excitement for your idea and your business shine through.

In short, make readers want to turn the page and keep reading. Just make sure your sizzle meets your steak by providing clear, factual descriptions.

How? The following is how an Executive Summary for a bicycle rental store might read.

Introduction

Blue Mountain Cycle Rentals will offer road and mountain bike rentals in a strategic location directly adjacent to an entrance to the George Washington National Forest. Our primary strategy is to develop Blue Mountain Cycle Rentals as the most convenient and cost-effective rental alternative for the thousands of visitors who flock to the area each year.

Once underway, we will expand our scope and take advantage of high-margin new equipment sales and leverage our existing labor force to sell and service those products. Within three years we intend to create the area's premier destination for cycling enthusiasts.

Company and Management

Blue Mountain Cycle Rentals will be located at 321 Mountain Drive, a location providing extremely high visibility as well as direct entry and exit from a primary national park access road. The owner of the company, Marty Cycle, has over 20 years experience in the bicycle business, having served as a product manager for Acme Cycles as well as the general manager of Epic Cycling.

Because of his extensive industry contacts, initial equipment inventory will be purchased at significant discounts from OEM suppliers as well by sourcing excess inventory from shops around the country.

Because of the somewhat seasonal nature of the business, part-time employees will be hired to handle spikes in demand. Those employees will be attracted through competitive wages as well as discounts products and services.

460,000 people visited the George Washington National Forest during the last 12 months. While the outdoor tourism industry as a whole is flat, the park expects its number of visitors to grow over the next few years.

  • The economic outlook indicates fewer VA, WV, NC, and MD cycling enthusiasts will travel outside the region
  • The park has added a camping and lodging facilities that should attract an increased number of visitors
  • The park has opened up additional areas for trail exploration and construction, ensuring a greater number of single-track options and therefore a greater number of visitors

The market potential inherent in those visitors is substantial. According to third-party research data, approximately 30 percent of all cyclists would rather rent than transport their own bicycles, especially those who are visiting the area for reasons other than cycling.

Competitive Advantages

The cycling shops located in Harrisonburg, VA, are direct and established competitors. Our two primary competitive advantages will be location and lower costs.

Our location is also a key disadvantage where non-park rentals are concerned. We will overcome that issue by establishing a satellite location in Harrisonburg for enthusiasts who wish to rent bicycles to use in town or on other local trails.

We will also use online tools to better engage customers, allowing them to reserve and pay online as well as create individual profiles regarding sizes, preferences, and special needs.

Financial Projections

Blue Mountain Cycle Rentals expects to earn a modest profit by year two based on projected sales. Our projections are based on the following key assumptions:

  • Initial growth will be moderate as we establish awareness in the market
  • Initial equipment purchases will stay in service for an average of three to four years; after two years we will begin investing in "new" equipment to replace damaged or obsolete equipment
  • Marketing costs will not exceed 14 percent of sales
  • Residual profits will be reinvested in expanding the product and service line

We project first-year revenue of $720,000 and a 10 percent growth rate for the next two years. Direct cost of sales is projected to average 60 percent of gross sales, including 50 percent for the purchase of equipment and 10 percent for the purchase of ancillary items. Net income is projected to reach $105,000 in year three as sales increase and operations become more efficient.

And so on ...

Keep in mind this is just a made-up example of how your Summary might read. Also keep in mind this example focused on the rental business, so a description of products was not included. (They'll show up later.) If your business will manufacture or sell products, or provide a variety of services, then be sure to include a Products and Services section in your Summary. (In this case the products and services are obvious, so including a specific section would be redundant.)

Bottom line:  Provide some sizzle in your Executive Summary, but make sure you show a reasonable look at the steak, too.

Providing an overview of your business can be tricky, especially when you're still in the planning stages. If you already own an existing business, summarizing your current operation should be relatively easy; it can be a lot harder to explain what you plan to  become .

So start by taking a step back.

Think about what products and services you will provide, how you will provide those items, what you need to have in order to provide those items, exactly who will provide those items, and most important, whom you will provide those items to.

Consider our bicycle rental business example. It's serves retail customers. It has an online component, but the core of the business is based on face-to-face transactions for bike rentals and support.

So you'll need a physical location, bikes, racks and tools and supporting equipment, and other brick-and-mortar related items. You'll need employees  with a very particular set of skills  to serve those customers, and you'll need an operating plan to guide your everyday activities.

Sound like a lot? It boils down to:

  • What you will provide
  • What you need to run your business
  • Who will service your customers, and
  • Who your customers are.

In our example, defining the above is fairly simple. You know what you will provide to meet your customer's needs. You will of course need a certain quantity of bikes to service demand, but you will not need a number of different types of bikes. You need a retail location, furnished to meet the demands of your business. You need semi-skilled employees capable of sizing, customizing, and repairing bikes.

And you know your customers: cycling enthusiasts.

In other businesses and industries, answering the above questions can be more difficult. If you open a restaurant, what you plan to serve will in some ways determine your labor needs, the location you choose, the equipment you need to purchase. And, most important, it will help define your customer. Changing any one element may change other elements; if you cannot afford to purchase expensive kitchen equipment, you may need to adapt your menu accordingly. If you hope to attract an upscale clientele, you may need to invest more in purchasing a prime location and creating an appealing ambience.

So where do you start? Focus on the basics first:

  • Identify your industry. Retail, wholesale, service, manufacturing, etc. Clearly define your type of business.
  • Identify your customer. You cannot market and sell to customers until you know who they are.
  • Explain the problem you solve. Successful businesses create customer value by solving problems. In our rental example, one problem is cycling enthusiasts who don't--or can't--travel with bikes. Another problem is casual cyclists who can't--or choose not to--spend significant sums on their own bikes. The rental shop will solve that problem by offering a lower-cost and convenient alternative.
  • Show how you will solve that problem. Our rental shop will offer better prices and enhanced services like remote deliveries, off-hours equipment returns, and online reservations.

If you are still stuck, try answering these questions. Some may pertain to you; others may not.

  • Who is my average customer? Who am I targeting? (Unless you plan to open a grocery store, you should be unlikely to answer, "Everyone!")
  • What pain point do I solve for my customers?
  • How will I overcome that paint point?
  • Where will I fail to solve a customer problem, and what can I do to overcome that issue? (In our rental example, one problem is a potential lack of convenience; we will overcome that issue by offering online reservations, on-resort deliveries, and drive-up equipment returns.)
  • Where will I locate my business?
  • What products, services, and equipment do I need to run my business?
  • What skills do my employees need, and how many do I need?
  • How will I beat my competition?
  • How can I differentiate myself from my competition in the eyes of my customers? (You can have a great plan to beat your competition, but you also must win the perception battle among your customers. If customers don't feel you are different, then you aren't truly different. Perception is critical.)

Once you work through this list you will probably end up with a lot more detail than is necessary for your business plan. That is not a problem: Start summarizing the main points. For example, your Business Overview and Objectives section could start something like this:

History and Vision

Blue Mountain Cycle Rentals is a new retail venture that will be located at 321 Mountain Drive, directly adjacent to an extremely popular cycling destination. Our initial goal is to become the premier provider for bicycle rentals. We will then leverage our customer base and position in the market to offer new equipment sales as well as comprehensive maintenance and service, custom equipment fittings, and expert trail advice.

  • Achieve the largest market share bicycle rentals in the area
  • Generate a net income of $235,000 at the end of the second year of operation
  • Minimize rental inventory replacement costs by maintaining a 7 percent attrition rate on existing equipment (industry average is 12 percent)

Keys to Success

  • Provide high-quality equipment, sourcing that equipment as inexpensively as possible through existing relationships with equipment manufacturers and other cycling shops
  • Use signage to attract visitors traveling to the national forest, highlighting our cost and service advantage
  • Create additional customer convenience factors to overcome a perceived lack of convenience for customers planning to ride roads and trails some distance away from our shop
  • Develop customer incentive and loyalty programs to leverage customer relationships and create positive word of mouth

You could certainly include more detail in each section; this is simply a quick guide. And if you plan to develop a product or service, you should thoroughly describe the development process as well as the end result.

The key is to describe what you will do for your customers--if you can't, you won't  have  any customers.

In the Products and Services section of your business plan, you will clearly describe--yep--the products and services your business will provide.

Keep in mind that highly detailed or technical descriptions are not necessary and definitely not recommended. Use simple terms and avoid industry buzzwords.

On the other hand, describing how the company's products and services will differ from the competition is critical. So is describing why your products and services are needed if no market currently exists. (For example, before there was Federal Express, overnight delivery was a niche business served by small companies. FedEx had to define the opportunity for a new, large-scale service and justify why customers needed--and would actually  use --that service.)

Patents, copyrights, and trademarks you own or have applied for should also be listed in this section.

Depending on the nature of your business, your Products and Services section could be very long or relatively short. If your business is product-focused, you will want to spend more time describing those products.

If you plan to sell a commodity item and the key to your success lies in, say, competitive pricing, you probably don't need to provide significant product detail. Or if you plan to sell a commodity readily available in a variety of outlets, the key to your business may not be the commodity itself but your ability to market in a more cost-effective way than your competition.

But if you're creating a new product (or service), make sure you thoroughly explain the nature of the product, its uses, and its value, etc.--otherwise your readers will not have enough information to evaluate your business.

Key questions to answer:

  • Are products or services in development or existing (and on the market)?
  • What is the timeline for bringing new products and services to market?
  • What makes your products or services different? Are there competitive advantages compared with offerings from other competitors? Are there competitive disadvantages you will need to overcome? (And if so, how?)
  • Is price an issue? Will your operating costs be low enough to allow a reasonable profit margin?
  • How will you acquire your products? Are you the manufacturer? Do you assemble products using components provided by others? Do you purchase products from suppliers or wholesalers? If your business takes off, is a steady supply of products available?

In the cycling rental business example we've been using, products and services could be a relatively simple section to complete or it could be fairly involved. It depends on the nature of the products the company plans to rent to customers.

If Blue Mountain Cycling Rentals plans to market itself as a provider of high-end bikes, describing those bikes--and the sources for those bikes--is important, since "high-end cycling rentals" is intended to be a market differentiation. If the company plans to be the low-cost provider, then describing specific brands of equipment is probably not necessary.

Also, keep in mind that if a supplier runs out of capacity--or goes out of business altogether--you may not have a sufficient supply to meet your demand. Plan to set up multiple vendor or supplier relationships, and describe those relationships fully. 

Remember, the primary goal of your business plan is to convince  you  that the business is viable--and to create a road map for you to follow.

The Products and Services section for our cycling rental business could start something like this:

Product Description

Blue Mountain Cycle Rentals will provide a comprehensive line of bicycles and cycling equipment for all ages and levels of ability. Since the typical customer seeks medium-quality equipment and excellent services at competitive prices, we will focus on providing brands like Trek bikes, Shimano footwear, and Giro helmets. These manufacturers have a widespread reputation as mid- to high-level quality, unlike equipment typically found in the rental market.

The following is a breakdown of anticipated rental price points, per day and per week:

  • Bicycle $30/$120
  • Helmet $6/$30
  • Customers can extend the rental term online without visiting the store.
  • A grace period of two hours will be applied to all rentals; customers who return equipment within that two-hour period will not be charged an additional fee.

Competition

Blue Mountain Cycle Rentals will have clear advantages over its primary competitors, the bike shops located in Harrisonburg, VA:

  • Newer equipment inventory with higher perceived quality
  • Price points 15 percent below the competition
  • Online renewals offering greater convenience
  • A liberal return grace period that will reinforce our reputation as a customer-friendly rental experience

Future Products

Expansion will allow us to move product offerings into new equipment sales. We will also explore maintenance and fitting services, leveraging our existing maintenance staff to provide value-added services at a premium price.

When you draft your Products and Services section, think of your reader as a person who knows little to nothing about your business. Be clear and to the point.

Think of it this way: The Products and Services section answers the "what" question for your business. Make sure you fully understand the "what" factor; you may run the business, but your products and services are its lifeblood.

Market research is critical to business success. A good business plan analyzes and evaluates customer demographics, purchasing habits, buying cycles, and willingness to adopt new products and services.

The process starts with understanding your market and the opportunities inherent in that market. And that means you'll need to do a little research. Before you start a business you must be sure there is a viable market for what you plan to offer.

That process requires asking, and more importantly answering, a number of questions. The more thoroughly you answer the following questions, the better you will understand your market.

Start by evaluating the market at a relatively high level, answering some high-level questions about your market and your industry:

  • What is the size of the market? Is it growing, stable, or in decline?
  • Is the overall industry growing, stable, or in decline?
  • What segment of the market do I plan to target? What demographics and behaviors make up the market I plan to target?
  • Is demand for my specific products and services rising or falling?
  • Can I differentiate myself from the competition in a way customers will find meaningful? If so, can I differentiate myself in a cost-effective manner?
  • What do customers expect to pay for my products and services? Are they considered to be a commodity or to be custom and individualized?

Fortunately, you've already done some of the legwork. You've already defined and mapped out your products and services. The Market Opportunities section provides a sense-check of that analysis, which is particularly important since choosing the right products and services is such a critical factor in business success.

But your analysis should go further: Great products are great, but there still must be a market for those products. (Ferraris are awesome, but you're unlikely to sell many where I live.)

So let's dig deeper and quantify your market. Your goal is to thoroughly understand the characteristics and purchasing ability of potential customers in your market. A little Googling can yield a tremendous amount of data.

For the market you hope to serve, determine:

  • Your potential customers. In general terms, potential customers are the people in the market segment you plan to target. Say you sell jet skis; anyone under the age of 16 and over the age of 60 or so is unlikely to be a customer. Plus, again in general terms, women make up a relatively small percentage of jet ski purchasers. Determining the total population for the market is not particularly helpful if your product or service does not serve a need for the entire population. Most products and services do not.
  • Total households. In some cases determining the number of total households is important depending on your business. For example, if you sell heating and air conditioning systems, knowing the number of households is more important than simply knowing the total population in your area. While people purchase HVAC systems, "households" consume those systems.
  • Median income. Spending ability is important. Does your market area have sufficient spending power to purchase enough of your products and services to enable you to make a profit? Some areas are more affluent than others. Don't assume every city or locality is the same in terms of spending power. A service that is viable in New York City may not be viable in your town.
  • Income by demographics. You can also determine income levels by age group, by ethnic group, and by gender. (Again, potential spending power is an important number to quantify.) Senior citizens could very well have a lower income level than males or females age 45 to 55 in the prime of their careers. Or say you plan to sell services to local businesses; in that case, try to determine the amount they currently spend on similar services.

The key is to understand the market in general terms and then to dig deeper to understand whether there are specific segments within that market--the segments you plan to target--that can become customers and support the growth of your business.

Also keep in mind that if you plan to sell products online the global marketplace is incredibly crowded and competitive. Any business can sell a product online and ship that product around the world. Don't simply assume that just because "the bicycle industry is a $62 billion business" (a number I just made up) that you can capture a meaningful percentage of that market.

On the other hand, if you live in an area with 50,000 people and there's only one bicycle shop, you may be able to enter that market and attract a major portion of bicycle customers in your area.

Always remember it's much easier to serve a market you can define and quantify.

After you complete your research you may feel a little overwhelmed. While data is good, and more data is great, sifting through and making sense of too much data can be daunting.

For the purposes of your business plan, narrow your focus and focus on answering these main questions:

  • What is your market? Include geographic descriptions, target demographics, and company profiles (if you're B2B). In short: Who are your customers?
  • What segment of your market will you focus on? What niche will you attempt to carve out? What percentage of that market do you hope to penetrate and acquire?
  • What is the size of your intended market? What is the population and spending habits and levels?
  • Why do customers need and why will they be willing to purchase your products and services?
  • How will you price your products and services? Will you be the low cost provider or provide value-added services at higher prices?
  • Is your market likely to grow? How much? Why?
  • How can you increase your market share over time?

The Market Opportunities section for our cycling rental business could start something like this:

Market Summary

Consumer spending on cycling equipment reached $9,250,000 in the states of VA, WV, MD, and NC last year. While we expect sales to rise, for the purposes of performing a conservative analysis we have projected a zero growth rate for the next three years.

In those states 2,500,000 people visited a national forest last year. Our target market includes customers visiting the Shenandoah National Forest; last year 120,000 people visited the area during spring, summer, and fall months.

Over time, however, we do expect equipment rentals and sales to increase as the popularity of cycling continues to rise. In particular we forecast a spike in demand in 2015 since the national road racing championships will be held in Richmond, VA.

Market Trends

Participation and population trends favor our venture:

  • Recreational sports in general and both family-oriented and "extreme" sports continue to gain in exposure and popularity.
  • Western VA and eastern WV have experienced population growth rates nearly double that of the country as a whole.
  • Industry trends show cycling has risen at a more rapid rate than most other recreational activities.

Market Growth

According to the latest studies, recreation spending in our target market has grown by 14 percent per year for the past three years.

In addition, we anticipate greater than industry-norm growth rates for cycling in the area due to the increase in popularity of cycling events like the Alpine Loop Gran Fondo.

Market Needs

Out target market has one basic need: The availability to source bicycle rentals at a competitive price. Our only other competition are the bike shops in Harrisonburg, VA, and our location will give us a competitive advantage over those and other companies who try to serve our market.

You may want to add other categories to this section based on your particular industry.

For example, you might decide to provide information about Market Segments. In our case, the cycling rental business does not require much segmentation. Rentals are typically not broken down into segments like "inexpensive," "midrange," and "high-end." For the most part rental bikes are more of a commodity. (Although you'll notice in our Products and Services section, we decided to provide "high-end" rentals.)

But say you decide to open a clothing store. You could focus on high fashion, or children's clothes, or outdoor wear, or casual--you could segment the market in a number of ways. If that's the case, provide detail on segmentation that supports your plan.

The key is to define your market--and then show how you will serve your market.

Providing great products and services is wonderful, but customers must actually know those products and services exist. That's why marketing plans and strategies are critical to business success. (Duh, right?)

But keep in mind marketing is not just advertising. Marketing--whether advertising, public relations, promotional literature, etc.--is an investment in the growth of your business.

Like any other investment you would make, money spent on marketing must generate a return. (Otherwise why make the investment?) While that return could simply be greater cash flow, good marketing plans result in higher sales and profits.

So don't simply plan to spend money on a variety of advertising efforts. Do your homework and create a smart marketing program .

Here are some of the basic steps involved in creating your marketing plan:

  • Focus on your target market. Who are your customers? Who will you target? Who makes the decisions? Determine how you can best reach potential customers.
  • Evaluate your competition. Your marketing plan must set you apart from your competition, and you can't stand out unless you  know  your competition. (It's hard to stand out from a crowd if you don't know where the crowd stands.) Know your competitors by gathering information about their products, service, quality, pricing, and advertising campaigns. In marketing terms, what does your competition do that works well? What are their weaknesses? How can you create a marketing plan that highlights the advantages you offer to customers?
  • Consider your brand. How customers perceive your business makes a dramatic impact on sales. Your marketing program should consistently reinforce and extend your brand. Before you start to market your business, think about how you want your marketing to reflect on your business and your products and services. Marketing is the face of your to potential customers--make sure you put your best face forward.
  • Focus on benefits. What problems do you solve? What benefits do you deliver? Customers don't think in terms of products--they think in terms of benefits and solutions. Your marketing plan should clearly identify benefits customers will receive. Focus on what customers  get  instead of on what you provide. (Take Dominos; theoretically they're in the pizza business, but really they're a delivery business.)
  • Focus on differentiation. Your products and services have to stand out from the competition in some way. How will you compete in terms of price, product, or service?

Then focus on providing detail and backup for your marketing plan.

  • What is your budget for sales and marketing efforts? 
  • How will you determine if your initial marketing efforts are successful? In what ways will you adapt if your initial efforts do not succeed?
  • Will you need sales representatives (inside or external) to promote your products?
  • Can you set up public relations activities to help market your business?

The Sales and Marketing section for our cycling rental business could start something like this:

Target Market

The target market for Blue Mountain Cycling Rentals is western VA, eastern WV, southwestern MD, and northern NC. While customers in the counties surrounding the George Washington National Forest make up 35 percent of our potential customer base, much of our market travels from outside that geographic area.

Marketing Strategy

Our marketing strategy will focus on three basic initiatives:

  • Road signage. Access to the forest is restricted to a few primary entrances, and visitors reach those entrances after traveling on one of several main roadways. Since customers currently rent bicycles in the local town of Harrisonburg, road signage will communicate our value proposition to all potential customers.
  • Web initiatives. Our website will attract potential visitors to the resort. We will partner with local businesses that serve our target market to provide discounts and incentives.
  • Promotional events. We will hold regular events with professional cyclists, like demonstrations and autograph signings, to bring more customers to the store as well as to extend the athletes' "brand" to our brand.

Pricing Strategy

We will not be the low-cost provider for our target market. Our goal is to provide mid- to high-end equipment. However, we will create web-based loyalty programs to incent customers to set up online profiles and reserve and renew equipment rentals online, and provide discounts for those who do. Over time we will be able to market specifically to those customers.

Just as in the Market Opportunity section, you may want to include a few more categories. For example, if your business involves a commission-compensated sales force, describe your Sales Programs and incentives. If you distribute products to other companies or suppliers and those distribution efforts will impact your overall marketing plans, lay out your Distribution Strategy.

The key is to show you understand your market and you understand how you will reach your market. Marketing and promotions must result in customers--your goal is to thoroughly describe how you will acquire and keep your customers.

Also keep in mind you may want to include examples of marketing materials you have already prepared, like website descriptions, print ads, web-based advertising programs, etc. While you don't need to include samples, taking the time to create actual marketing materials might help you better understand and communicate your marketing plans and objectives.

Make sure your Sales and Marketing section answers the "How will I reach my customers?" question.

Competitive Advantage

The Competitive Analysis section of your business plan is devoted to analyzing your competition--both your current competition and potential competitors who might enter your market.

Every business has competition. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of your competition--or potential competition--is critical to making sure your business survives and grows. While you don't need to hire a private detective, you do need to thoroughly assess your competition on a regular basis even if you plan to run only a small business.

In fact, small businesses can be especially vulnerable to competition, especially when new companies enter a marketplace.

Competitive analysis can be incredibly complicated and time-consuming, but it doesn't have to be. Here is a simple process you can follow to identify, analyze, and determine the strengths and weaknesses of your competition.

Profile  Current  Competitors

First, develop a basic profile of each of your current competition. For example, if you plan to open an office supply store, you may have three competing stores in your market.

Online retailers will also provide competition, but thoroughly analyzing those companies will be less valuable unless you also decide you want to sell office supplies online. (Although it's also possible that they--or, say, Amazon--are your  real  competition. Only you can determine that.)

To make the process easier, stick to analyzing companies you will directly compete with. If you plan to set up an accounting firm, you will compete with other accounting firms in your area. If you plan to open a clothing store, you will compete with other clothing retailers in your area.

Again, if you run a clothing store, you also compete with online retailers, but there is relatively little you can do about that type of competition other than to work hard to distinguish yourself in other ways: great service, friendly salespeople, convenient hours, truly understanding your customers, etc.

Once you identify your main competitors, answer these questions about each one. And be objective. It's easy to identify weaknesses in your competition, but less easy (and a lot less fun) to recognize how they may be able to outperform you:

  • What are their strengths? Price, service, convenience, and extensive inventory are all areas where you may be vulnerable.
  • What are their weaknesses? Weaknesses are opportunities you should plan to take advantage of.
  • What are their basic objectives? Do they seek to gain market share? Do they attempt to capture premium clients? See your industry through their eyes. What are they trying to achieve?
  • What marketing strategies do they use? Look at their advertising, public relations, etc.
  • How can you take market share away from their business?
  • How will they respond when you enter the market?

While these questions may seem like a lot of work to answer, in reality the process should be fairly easy. You should already have a feel for the competition's strengths and weaknesses--if you know your market and your industry.

To gather information, you can also:

  • Check out their websites and marketing materials. Most of the information you need about products, services, prices, and company objectives should be readily available. If that information is not available, you may have identified a weakness.
  • Visit their locations. Take a look around. Check out sales materials and promotional literature. Have friends stop in or call to ask for information.
  • Evaluate their marketing and advertising campaigns. How a company advertises creates a great opportunity to uncover the objectives and strategies of that business. Advertising should help you quickly determine how a company positions itself, who it markets to, and what strategies it employs to reach potential customers.
  • Browse. Search the Internet for news, public relations, and other mentions of your competition. Search blogs and Twitter feeds as well as review and recommendation sites. While most of the information you find will be anecdotal and based on the opinion of just a few people, you may at least get a sense of how some consumers perceive your competition. Plus you may also get advance warning about expansion plans, new markets they intend to enter, or changes in management.

Keep in mind competitive analysis does more than help you understand your competition. Competitive analysis can also help you identify changes you should make to  your  business strategies. Learn from competitor strengths, take advantage of competitor's weaknesses, and apply the same analysis to your own business plan.

You might be surprised by what you can learn about your business by evaluating other businesses.

Identify  Potential  Competitors

It can be tough to predict when and where new competitors may pop up. For starters, regularly search for news on your industry, your products, your services, and your target market.

But there are other ways to predict when competition may follow you into a market. Other people may see the same opportunity you see. Think about your business and your industry, and if the following conditions exist, you may face competition does the road:

  • The industry enjoys relatively high profit margins
  • Entering the market is relatively easy and inexpensive
  • The market is growing--the more rapidly it is growing the greater the risk of competition
  • Supply and demand is off--supply is low and demand is high
  • Very little competition exists, so there is plenty of "room" for others to enter the market

In general terms, if serving your market seems easy you can safely assume competitors will enter your market. A good business plan anticipates and accounts for new competitors.

Now distill what you've learned by answering these questions in your business plan:

  • Who are my current competitors? What is their market share? How successful are they?
  • What market do current competitors target? Do they focus on a specific customer type, on serving the mass market, or on a particular niche?
  • Are competing businesses growing or scaling back their operations? Why? What does that mean for your business?
  • How will your company be different from the competition? What competitor weaknesses can you exploit? What competitor strengths will you need to overcome to be successful?
  • What will you do if competitors drop out of the marketplace? What will you do to take advantage of the opportunity?
  • What will you do if new competitors enter the marketplace? How will you react to and overcome new challenges?

The Competitive Analysis section for our cycling rental business could start something like this:

Primary Competitors

Our nearest and only competition is the bike shops in Harrisonburg, VA. Our next closest competitor is located over 100 miles away.

The in-town bike shops will be strong competitors. They are established businesses with excellent reputations. On the other hand, they offer inferior-quality equipment and their location is significantly less convenient.

Secondary Competitors

We do not plan to sell bicycles for at least the first two years of operation. However, sellers of new equipment do indirectly compete with our business since a customer who buys equipment no longer needs to rent equipment.

Later, when we add new equipment sales to our operation, we will face competition from online retailers. We will compete with new equipment retailers through personalized service and targeted marketing to our existing customer base, especially through online initiatives.

Opportunities

  • By offering mid- to high-end quality equipment, we provide customers the opportunity to "try out" bikes they may wish to purchase at a later date, providing additional incentive (besides cost savings) to use our service.
  • Offering drive-up, express rental return services will be seen as a much more attractive option compared with the hassle of renting bikes in Harrisonburg and transporting them to intended take-off points for rides.
  • Online initiatives like online renewals and online reservations enhances customer convenience and positions us as a cutting-edge supplier in a market largely populated, especially in the cycling segment, by customers who tend to be early technology adapters.
  • Renting bikes and cycling equipment may be perceived by some of our target market as a commodity transaction. If we do not differentiate ourselves in terms of quality, convenience, and service, we could face additional competition from other entrants to the market.
  • One of the bike shops in Harrisonburg is a subsidiary of a larger corporation with significant financial assets. If we, as hoped, carve out a significant market share, the corporation may use those assets to increase service, improve equipment quality, or cut prices.

While your business plan is primarily intended to convince  you  that your business makes sense, keep in mind most investors look closely at your competitive analysis. A common mistake made by entrepreneurs is assuming they will simply "do it better" than any competition.

Experienced businesspeople know you will face stiff competition: showing you understand your competition, understand your strengths and weaknesses relative to that competition, and that you understand you will have to adapt and change based on that competition is critical.

And, even if you do not ever plan to seek financing or bring in investors, you absolutely must know your competition.

The Competitive Analysis section helps you answer the "Against whom?" question.

The next step in creating your business plan is to develop an Operations Plan that will serve your customers, keep your operating costs in line, and ensure profitability . Your ops plan should detail strategies for managing, staffing, manufacturing, fulfillment, inventory--all the stuff involved in operating your business on a day-to-day basis.

Fortunately, most entrepreneurs have a better handle on their operations plan than on any other aspect of their business. After all, while it may not seem natural to analyze your market or your competition, most budding entrepreneurs tend to spend a lot of time thinking about how they will  run  their businesses.

Your goal is to answer the following key questions:

  • What facilities, equipment, and supplies do you need?
  • What is your organizational structure? Who is responsible for which aspects of the business?
  • Is research and development required, either during start up or as an ongoing operation? If so, how will you accomplish this task?
  • What are your initial staffing needs? When and how will you add staff?
  • How will you establish business relationships with vendors and suppliers? How will those relationships impact your day-to-day operations?
  • How will your operations change as the company grows? What steps will you take to cut costs if the company initially does not perform up to expectations?

Operations plans should be highly specific to your industry, your market sector, and your customers. Instead of providing an example like I've done with other sections, use the following to determine the key areas your plan should address:

Location and Facility Management

In terms of location, describe:

  • Zoning requirements
  • The type of building you need
  • The space you need
  • Power and utility requirements
  • Access: Customers, suppliers, shipping, etc.
  • Specialized construction or renovations
  • Interior and exterior remodeling and preparation

Daily Operations

  • Production methods
  • Service methods
  • Inventory control
  • Sales and customer service
  • Receiving and Delivery
  • Maintenance, cleaning, and re-stocking
  • Licenses and permits
  • Environmental or health regulations
  • Patents, trademarks, and copyrights

Personnel Requirements

  • Typical staffing
  • Breakdown of skills required
  • Recruiting and retention
  • Policies and procedures
  • Pay structures
  • Anticipated inventory levels
  • Turnover rate
  • Seasonal fluctuations in demand
  • Major suppliers
  • Back-up suppliers and contingency plans
  • Credit and payment policies

Sound like a lot? It can be, but not all of the above needs to be in your business plan.

You should think through and create a detailed plan for each category, but you won't need to share the results with the people who read your business plan

Working through each issue and developing concrete operations plans helps you in two major ways:

  • If you don't plan to seek financing or outside capital, you can still take advantage of creating a comprehensive plan that addresses all of your operational needs.
  • If you do seek financing or outside capital, you may not include all the detail in your business plan--but you will have answers to any operations questions at your fingertips.

Think of Operations as the "implementation" section of your business plan. What do you need to do? How will you get it done? Then create an overview of that plan to make sure your milestones and timeline make sense.

That way the operations section answers the "How?" question.

Many investors and lenders feel the quality and experience of the management team is one of the most important factors used to evaluate the potential of a new business.

But putting work into the Management Team section will not only benefit people who may read your plan. It will also help  you  evaluate the skills, experiences, and resources your management team will need . Addressing your company's needs during implementation will make a major impact on your chances for success.

  • Who are the key leaders? (If actual people have not been identified, describe the type of people needed.) What are their experiences, educational backgrounds, and skills?
  • Do your key leaders have industry experience? If not, what experience do they bring to the business that is applicable?
  • What duties will each position perform? (Creating an organization chart might be helpful.) What authority is granted to and what responsibilities are expected in each position?
  • What salary levels will be required to attract qualified candidates for each position? What is the salary structure for the company, by position?

The Management Team section for our cycling rental business could start something like this:

Jim Rouleur, Owner and Manager

Joe has over 20 years experience in the cycling business. He served for 10 years as a product manager for Acme Bikes. After that he was the operations manager of Single Track Cycles, a full-service bike shop located in Bend, Oregon. He has an undergraduate degree in marketing from Duke University and an MBA from Virginia Commonwealth University. (A complete resume for Mr. Rouleur can be found in the Appendix.)

Mary Gearset, Assistant Manager

Mary was the 2009 U.S. Mountain Biking National Champion. She worked in product development for High Tec frames, creating custom frames and frame modifications for professional cyclists. She also has extensive customer service and sales experience, having worked for four years as the online manager of Pro Parts Unlimited, an online retailer of high-end cycling equipment and accessories.

In some instances you may also wish to describe your staffing plans.

For example, if you manufacture a product or provide a service and will hire a key skilled employee, describe that employee's credentials. Otherwise, include staffing plans in the Operations section.

One key note: Don't be tempted to add a "name" to your management team in hopes of attracting investors. Celebrity management team members may attract the attention of your readers, but experienced lenders and investors will immediately ask what role that person will actually play in the running of the business--and in most cases those individuals won't play any meaningful role.

If you don't have a lot of experience--but are willing to work hard to overcome that lack of experience--don't be tempted to include people in your plan who will not actually work in the business.

If you can't survive without help, that's okay. In fact, that's expected; no one does anything worthwhile on their own. Just make plans to get help from the  right  people.

Finally, when you create your Management section, focus on credentials but pay extra attention to what each person actually will  do . Experience and reputation are great, but action is everything.

That way your Management section will answer the "Who is in charge?" question.

Numbers tell the story. Bottom line results indicate the success or failure of any business.

Financial projections and estimates help entrepreneurs, lenders, and investors or lenders objectively evaluate a company's potential for success. If a business seeks outside funding, providing comprehensive financial reports and analysis is critical.

But most important, financial projections tell you whether your business has a chance of being viable--and if not let you know you have more work to do.

Most business plans include at least five basic reports or projections:

  • Balance Sheet: Describes the company cash position including assets, liabilities, shareholders, and earnings retained to fund future operations or to serve as funding for expansion and growth. It indicates the financial health of a business.
  • Income Statement: Also called a Profit and Loss statement, this report lists projected revenue and expenses. It shows whether a company will be profitable during a given time period.
  • Cash Flow Statement: A projection of cash receipts and expense payments. It shows how and when cash will flow through the business; without cash, payments (including salaries) cannot be made.
  • Operating Budget: A detailed breakdown of income and expenses; provides a guide for how the company will operate from a "dollars" point of view.
  • Break-Even Analysis: A projection of the revenue required to cover all fixed and variable expenses. Shows when, under specific conditions, a business can expect to become profitable.

It's easy to find examples of all of the above. Even the most basic accounting software packages include templates and samples. You can also find templates in Excel and Google Docs. (A quick search like "google docs profit and loss statement" yields plenty of examples.)

Or you can work with an accountant to create the necessary financial projections and documents. Certainly feel free to do so, but first play around with the reports yourself. While you don't need to be an accountant to run a business, you do need to understand your numbers, and the best way to understand your numbers is usually to actually work with your numbers.

But ultimately the tools you use to develop your numbers are not as important as whether those numbers are as accurate as possible--and whether those numbers help you decide whether to take the next step and put your business plan into action.

Then Financial Analysis can help you answer the most important business question: "Can we make a profit?"

Some business plans include less essential but potentially important information in an Appendix section. You may decide to include, as backup or additional information:

  • Resumes of key leaders
  • Additional descriptions of products and services
  • Legal agreements
  • Organizational charts
  • Examples of marketing and advertising collateral
  • Photographs of potential facilities, products, etc.
  • Backup for market research or competitive analysis
  • Additional financial documents or projections

Keep in mind creating an Appendix is usually only necessary if you're seeking financing or hoping to bring in partners or investors. Initially the people reading your business plan don't wish to plow through reams and reams of charts, numbers, and backup information. If one does want to dig deeper, fine--he or she can check out the documents in the Appendix.

That way your business plan can share your story clearly and concisely.

Otherwise, since you created your business plan, you should already have the backup.

Tying It All Together

While you may use your business plan to attract investors, partners, suppliers, etc., never forget that the goal of your business plan is to convince  you  that your idea makes sense. 

Because ultimately it's your time, your money, and your effort on the line.

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How to Write a Business Plan Learn the essential elements of writing a business plan, including advice and resources for how to write and conduct each section of your business plan.

No business can be successful without a solid business plan. In fact, a business plan could be the thing that makes or breaks your entrepreneurial enterprise, especially if you haven't started a successful business in the past.

Let's break down what a business plan is, why it's important, and a step-by-step guide on how to write one in detail.

What Is a Business Plan?

Put simply, a business plan is a detailed outline explaining what a business will be, how it will work, and how it will bring in money. Business plans can range heavily in terms of length and complexity, but they all include an explanation of what the business will do and how it will turn a profit, dealing with everything from financial statements and pricing to potential customer segments and business development.

Think of business plans as the guiding documents for for-profit organizations. A business plan guides business owners and employees or other executives at existing businesses and helps inspire investor confidence when seeking financing in the earliest days of a business's life. There are a few types of business plans, but they all do the same things.

Related: An Introduction to Business Plans

Why Is a Business Plan Important?

A small business plan is important for any new enterprise, regardless of industry or niche. Why?

By far, the most crucial thing a good business plan does is improve investor confidence. When an entrepreneur or startup executive needs to secure funding and business loans, they have to convince investors that their business is worth investing in. It's impossible to do that without a solid business plan explaining:

  • What the business will provide or make
  • How the business will make money (i.e., financial projections for a new business)
  • Who the business will advertise to
  • And similar forecasts or discussions lenders need to see

By looking through a business plan, investors (both individuals and large firms) can tell whether a business owner (or would-be entrepreneur) has a good idea or is merely flailing in the wind.

In addition, a business plan is important since it will help guide your actions as a business owner and executive. With a business plan to keep your head on straight, you'll know what to do, how to scale your business, and what objectives you need to meet in order to achieve the goals outlined in your business plan.

Elements of a Traditional Business Plan

Business plans are usually comprised of several key elements. These include:

  • A title page , which breaks down a rough overview of the startup business and its name
  • An executive summary, which essentially describes what you want the business to achieve as its owner
  • The business description, which describes the business, its structure, what it sells or produces, and related information. It should also include the value proposition and any intellectual property you have for your business idea
  • Market research and strategies, which will help convince potential investors that you know how you will market and sell your products to your target audience
  • Management and personnel, which should outline your projections for the employees or labor force you'll need to achieve your business goals. If you plan to hire team members, don't worry about stating too much about them here
  • Financial documents, including any capital you have already raised, the funding you need to get your business off the ground, and so on. This can include a balance sheet or cash flow statements if you already have a financial plan or have operated your business for some time
  • A competitive analysis page , breaking down the status of your competitors in the same industry. This can include company descriptions or business models based on what you know
  • A design and development plan, exploring how you will design and develop your business for ultimate success. Think of this as a roadmap or mission statement for how your brand will hit milestones and gain a competitive advantage over other brands
  • An operations and management plan , which should explore and explain how you will run and operate your business as its owner or chief executive

With each section of your business plan, an investor or venture capitalist can determine the viability of your sole proprietorship, LLC, or other business.

Related: How to Write a Business Plan

Now that you understand why you need a business plan and you've spent some time doing your homework gathering the information you need to create one, it's time to roll up your sleeves and get everything down on paper. The following pages will describe in detail the seven essential sections of a business plan: what you should include, what you shouldn't include, how to work the numbers and additional resources you can turn to for help. With that in mind, jump right in.

Executive Summary

Within the overall outline of the business plan, the executive summary will follow the title page. The summary should tell the reader what you want. This is very important. All too often, what the business owner desires is buried on page eight. Clearly state what you're asking for in the summary.

Related: How to Start a Business With (Almost) No Money

Business Description

The business description usually begins with a short description of the industry. When describing the industry, discuss the present outlook as well as future possibilities. You should also provide information on all the various markets within the industry, including any new products or developments that will benefit or adversely affect your business.

Business Plan Guide "

Before writing your plan.

  • How Long Should Your Plan Be?
  • When Should You Write It?
  • Who Needs A Business Plan?
  • Why Should You Write A Business Plan?
  • Determine Your Goals and Objectives
  • Outline Your Financing Needs
  • Plan What You'll Do With Your Plan
  • Don't Forget About Marketing

Writing Your Business Plan

  • How To Write A Business Plan
  • The Ingredients of a Marketing Plan
  • Updating Your Business Plan
  • Enhancing Your Business Plan

Business Plan Tools

  • Business Plan Software
  • Books and How-to Manuals

Business Plan Templates

  • Sample Business Plans

Market Strategies

Market strategies are the result of a meticulous market analysis. A market analysis forces the entrepreneur to become familiar with all aspects of the market so that the target market can be defined and the company can be positioned in order to garner its share of sales.

Competitive Analysis

The purpose of the competitive analysis is to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the competitors within your market, strategies that will provide you with a distinct advantage, the barriers that can be developed in order to prevent competition from entering your market, and any weaknesses that can be exploited within the product development cycle.

Design & Development Plan

The purpose of the design and development plan section is to provide investors with a description of the product's design, chart its development within the context of production, marketing and the company itself, and create a development budget that will enable the company to reach its goals.

Operations & Management Plan

The operations and management plan is designed to describe just how the business functions on a continuing basis. The operations plan will highlight the logistics of the organization such as the various responsibilities of the management team, the tasks assigned to each division within the company, and capital and expense requirements related to the operations of the business.

Financial Factors

Financial data is always at the back of the business plan, but that doesn't mean it's any less important than up-front material such as the business concept and the management team.

Want to see some of these principles in action? You can check out business plan templates in this detailed guide . Feel free to use some of these templates when drawing up business plans for your organization in the future!

As you can see, business plans aren't as complex as you may have initially thought. Furthermore, they are important parts of any business enterprise. Don't forget to write a business plan for your upcoming endeavor before seeking funding!

For more guides, resources, and information, check out Entrepreneur !

Want to be an Entrepreneur Leadership Network contributor? Apply now to join.

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ProfitableVenture

Online Magazine Business Plan [Sample Template]

By: Author Tony Martins Ajaero

Home » Business Plans » Media Sector

Are you about starting a magazine publishing company ? If YES, here is a complete sample online magazine business plan template & feasibility study you can use for FREE .

There are several niches and loads of well – known magazines that are sold all over the world. Magazines are generally published on a regular schedule; it can be weekly or monthly or even quarterly and they usually contain a variety of content based on the market the magazine is designed for.

When it comes to generating incomes, magazine companies exploit the sale of their magazines in newsstands, from advertisement from stakeholders and of course from those who sign – on to prepaid subscriptions and when it comes to distributing magazines, most magazines publisher make use of the mailing system, bookshops, strategic news – stands, through registered vendors and selected pick – up locations et al.

There is no restriction to the numbers of publications house that can engage in magazines publications, sales and distribution. As a matter of fact, students can start their own magazines publications right from their campuses and distribute it within the campus community.

A Sample Online Magazine Business Plan Template

1. industry overview.

In the united states of America, a total number of 152 magazines closed shop In 2011 and also a total number of 82 magazines ceased operations in 2012 due to inability to make profits and of course generate enough money to continue publications.

In 2013, statistics has it that subscription levels for 22 out of the top 25 magazines in the United States of America dropped from 2012 to 2013. As a matter of fact, the only few magazines that experienced increase within the said period are Time magazine, Glamour magazine and ESPN magazine.

The United States’ magazine industry generates combined revenue of over 27.29 Billion U.S. dollars with magazine advertising alone generating over 15.2 Billion U.S. dollars.

History has it that a U.K. publication; The Gentleman’s Magazine which was first published in 1731, in London was the first ever general interest magazine to be published. It is on record that the oldest consumer magazine which was first published in 1739; The Scots Magazine is still in print till this days.

The print industry is currently experiencing some challenges; investment in magazines is experiencing decline. It is on record that there is a steady decline in total numbers of magazines that are sold in the United States daily. Statistics has it that in 1985, there were about 1,676 dailies in the United States but in 2011, the number dropped to 1,382 and of course it is still dropping.

It has been projected by market experts that the magazine industry will generate combined revenue of 16.4 billion U.S. dollars in 2016, which is over 4 billion U.S. dollars less than the combined revenue generated in 2011. It is also projected that corporate organizations who advertise in magazines will also cut their magazine advertising spending much less than their newspaper advertising spending.

The magazine industry is truly struggling to survive in the United States of America and in other countries of the world. A survey that was conducted revealed that in 2012, only about 3 percent of Americans stated that they regularly read magazines; and 9 percent stated that they read magazines sometimes.

It is good enough that the magazine industry is extremely well-organized in its data collection and presentation; which is why new publication firms who are interested in coming into the industry choose niche groups that attracts a wide range of readership.

Despite the fact that the magazine industry appears to be saturated in the United States, there is still a positive outlook for the industry especially when it comes to leveraging on the internet. People are encouraged to go into magazine publications because it is now easier to gain wider readership with the aid of the internet and couple with the fact that it will cost little or nothing to launch an online magazine publication.

2. Executive Summary

Boston Weekly®, Inc. is a new but standard magazine publishing and distribution company that will be based in Boston – Massachusetts, USA. Our niche as a magazine publishing company covers News, Entertainment, Business and Sport.

Our state of the art in – house printing press is located in a standard corner piece facility that is centrally located in the heart of Boston and few minutes drive to Harvard University Community.

We have put plans and robust distribution network in place to enable us effectively distribute our weekly magazine to key cities throughout the United States of America and also to the rest part of the world via our online platform and mobile apps.

Boston Weekly®, Inc. is established by the Massachusetts awarding winning journalist – Dr. Campbell Washington and other like mind investors. Dr. Washington has B.A. in English Language, Advance Diploma in Journalism and a Master’s Degree in Business Administration (MBA) from Harvard Business School.

He has robust experience in print journalism having worked for over 15 years with some of the leading magazine publishing companies in the United States of America prior to starting his own business. We are in the Magazine Publication and Distribution Industry to favorably compete with other leading brands in the industry such as Time Magazine, ESPN Magazine and New York Times et al.

Our corporate business goal is to be among the top 10 magazine publishing and distribution brand in the United States of America. As a company, we are willing to go the extra mile to invest in some of the finest professionals we can find and also we have set plans in place to setup a standard and start of the art printing press and distribution network.

Boston Weekly®, Inc. will at all times demonstrate her commitment to sustainability, both individually and as a firm, by actively participating in our communities and integrating sustainable business practices wherever possible.

We will ensure that we hold ourselves accountable to the highest standards by meeting our customers’ needs precisely and completely whenever they patronize our magazine either hardcopies or subscribing on our online portal. We will cultivate a working environment that provides a human, sustainable approach to earning a living, and living in our world, for our partners, employees and for our customers.

Our plan is to position Boston Weekly®, Inc. to become the leading brand in the magazine publishing and distribution industry in the whole of Massachusetts, and also to be amongst the top 10 magazine brand in the United States of America within the first 10 years of starting our business.

This might look too tall a dream but we are optimistic that this will surely come to pass because we have done our research and feasibility studies and we are enthusiastic and confident that Boston – Massachusetts is the right place to launch this type of business before spreading to other cities all across The United States of America.

3. Our Products and Services

At Boston Weekly®, Inc. we will ensure that we maximize all the services and products that are associated with a magazine publishing and distribution business. As part our strategy to create multiple sources of income in line with our core business concept, we will encourage our clients to subscribe to our magazines as against buying from the newsstands.

This is so because we are aware that it is easier to get huge discount from post office services as against transporting your magazines to newsstands that are scattered all around the United States. Another key factor that we will leverage on is to create a strong online presence and also to push our electronic magazine far and wide within the online community.

If we can successful gain appreciable numbers of online subscription and adverts, then we are likely not going to struggle to manage and finance your magazine publication company. Here are some of our products and services;

  • Distribution of Hardcopies Magazines Nationwide
  • Availability of online subscription for our e – Magazine
  • Create Large Platforms for Publicity and Advertising for both individual and corporate clients
  • Operate a standard printing press open to the general public
  • Run a consultancy and Advisory services as it relates to magazine publications and journalism.

4. Our Mission and Vision Statement

  • To be amongst the top 10leading magazine publishing and distribution companies in the United States of America before our 10 th anniversary.
  • Our mission is to build a world – class magazine publishing and distribution business whose magazines can be find in all nooks and crannies of the United States of America; a magazine company with a very strong online presence with active subscribers from all over the world.

Our Business Structure

As part of our plan to build a standard Magazine Publishing and Distribution Company in Boston – Massachusetts, we have perfected plans to get it right from the beginning which is why we are going the extra mile to ensure that we have competent and hardworking employees to occupy all the available positions in our company.

The picture of the kind of Magazine Publishing and Distribution Company we intend building and the business goals we want to achieve is what informed the amount we are ready to pay for the best hands available in the Magazine Publishing and Distribution industry as long as they are willing and ready to work with us to achieve our business goals and objectives.

Below is the business structure that we will build Boston Weekly®, Inc.;

  • Chief Executive Officer / Editor in Chief

Human Resources and Admin Manager

  • Journalist / Content Creators / Photo Journalist

Graphic Artist

  • Sales and Marketing Officer
  • Accountants / Cashiers
  • Printing Press Workers (Printing Machine Operators)
  • Dispatch Riders and Van Drivers
  • Customer Service Executives

5. Job Roles and Responsibilities

Chief Executive Officer / Editor in Chief:

  • Increases management’s effectiveness by recruiting, selecting, orienting, training, coaching, counseling, and disciplining managers; communicating values, strategies, and objectives; assigning accountabilities; planning, monitoring, and appraising job results; developing incentives; developing a climate for offering information and opinions; providing educational opportunities.
  • Creating, communicating, and implementing the organization’s vision, mission, and overall direction – i.e. leading the development and implementation of the overall organization’s strategy.
  • Responsible for fixing prices and signing business deals
  • Responsible for providing direction for the business
  • Responsible for signing checks and documents on behalf of the company
  • Responsible for overseeing the smooth running of the magazine production and distribution process
  • Evaluates the success of the organization
  • Responsible for overseeing the smooth running of HR and administrative tasks for the organization
  • Updates job knowledge by participating in educational opportunities; reading professional publications; maintaining personal networks; participating in professional organizations.
  • Enhances department and organization reputation by accepting ownership for accomplishing new and different requests; exploring opportunities to add value to job accomplishments.
  • Defining job positions for recruitment and managing interviewing process
  • Carrying out staff induction for new team members
  • Responsible for training, evaluation and assessment of employees
  • Oversee the smooth running of the daily office and shop activities.

Journalist / Content Creator / PhotoJournalist

  • Conduct research, determine the number of pages, screen the content, stories, photographs, features, Ads, the style of the magazine in the magazine and the design and layout of Magazine et al.
  • Responsible for creating contents for our magazine
  • Assist the editorial team in editing contents
  • Responsible for conducting interviews.
  • Liaising with management to determine their requirement and budget
  • Responsible for developing concepts, graphics and layouts for product illustrations, company logos, and websites
  • Responsible for managing the magazine production process from typesetting through to design, print and production
  • Responsible for reviewing final layout and suggesting improvement if necessary
  • Determine size and arrangement of illustrative material and copy, and font style and size
  • Responsible for liaising with external printers on a regular basis to ensure deadlines are met and material is printed to the highest quality
  • Responsible for preparing drafts or material based on an agreement brief.
  • Research and advice the organization on style, genre and other trendy info as it relates to graphic design.

Sales and Marketing Manager

  • Manage external research and coordinate all the internal sources of information to retain the organizations’ best customers and attract new ones
  • Model demographic information and analyze the volumes of transactional data generated by customer purchases
  • Identify, prioritize, and reach out to new partners, and business opportunities et al
  • Responsible for supervising implementation, advocate for the customer’s needs, and communicate with clients
  • Develop, execute and evaluate new plans for expanding increase sales and distribution network
  • Document all customer contact and information
  • Represent the company in strategic meetings
  • Help increase sales and growth for the company

Print Press Workers (Printing Machine Operators)

  • Operate the printing machines
  • Responsible for carrying out all casual or unskilled jobs in the printing press
  • Responsible for packaging magazines meant for delivery
  • Handles any other duty as assigned by the line manager / supervisor

Accountant / Cashier

  • Responsible for preparing financial reports, budgets, and financial statements for the organization
  • Provides managements with financial analyses, development budgets, and accounting reports; analyzes financial feasibility for the most complex proposed projects; conducts market research to forecast trends and business conditions.
  • Responsible for financial forecasting and risks analysis.
  • Performs cash management, general ledger accounting, and financial reporting
  • Responsible for developing and managing financial systems and policies
  • Responsible for administering payrolls
  • Ensuring compliance with taxation legislation
  • Handles all financial transactions for the organization
  • Serves as internal auditor for the organization

Distribution Van Drivers/ Dispatch Riders:

  • Responsible for distributing magazines across our distribution network and news stands
  • Delivers customer’s orders promptly (customers on subscription plans)
  • Runs errand for the organization
  • Any other duty as assigned by the sales and marketing executive

Client Service Executive

  • Responsible for taking orders from clients when the call or email the organization
  • Ensures that all contacts with customer (e-mail, walk-In center, SMS or phone) provides the client with a personalized customer service experience of the highest level
  • Through interaction with customers on the phone, uses every opportunity to build client’s interest in the company’s products and services
  • Manages administrative duties assigned by the shop manager in an effective and timely manner
  • Consistently stays abreast of any new information on Papilloma House of Pizzas products, promotional campaigns etc. to ensure accurate and helpful information is supplied to customers when they make enquiries
  • Responsible for cleaning the entire printing press facility at all times
  • Ensure that toiletries and supplies don’t run out of stock
  • Any other duty as assigned by the Human Resource and Admin manager.

6. SWOT Analysis

Due to our desire and drive for excellence when it comes to running a magazine publication and distribution company, we were able to engage some of the finest business consultants in Boston – Massachusetts to look through our business concept and together we were able to critically examine the prospect of the business to be sure we have what it takes to run a standard magazine publication and distribution company that can compete favorably compete with other leading brands in the industry such.

In view of that, we were able to take stock of our strengths, our weakness, the opportunities available to us and also the threats that we are likely going to be exposed to if we launch our magazine publication and distribution business in Boston – Massachusetts and even in the United States of America as a whole.

Here is a of what we got from the critically conducted SWOT Analysis for Boston Weekly®, Inc.;

Our core strength lies in the power of our team; our workforce. We have a team of creative and highly proficient, editors, journalist, and graphic designers; a team with excellent qualifications and experience various niche areas in the magazine and printing press industry.

Aside from the synergy that exist in our carefully selected team; the contents in our magazine and the quality of the magazine will be guided by best practices in the industry.

As a new magazine publishing and distribution company in Boston – Massachusetts, it might take some time for our organization to break into the market and gain acceptance in the already saturated and highly competitive magazine publishing and distribution industry; that is perhaps our major weakness. Another weakness is that we may not have the required cash to promote our business the way we would want to.

  • Opportunities:

The opportunities available to us are unlimited. Loads of people consume buys, subscribe and read magazine on a daily basis and all what we are going to do all we can to push our magazine to our target market. So also, there are loads of organizations and individual who would want to place paid adverts in magazines to promote their brands.

The possible threat and challenges that we are likely going to face when we start our own magazine publication business are the ability to consistently attract adverts from corporate organizations.

The truth is that there are several options when it comes to choosing advertising platforms hence most corporate organizations would rather go with trusted and tested platforms as against trying out new magazine that they aren’t sure can break into the market and gain prominence.

Another threat and challenges that we are likely going to be confronted with when we start our magazine publication business is to be able to effectively find a cheaper distribution options. Most magazine publications companies spend more when it comes to transporting their magazines to different newsstands scattered within the locations they intend selling their magazines.

7. MARKET ANALYSIS

  • Market Trends

In setting up a magazine publication company, you have two options; you either run a full magazine publication company with a printing press or you can contract the printing of your magazines to a standard and reliable printing press.

If you choose to choose to run the whole publication process within the same facility, it means that you would have to set – up a printing press with standard printing machines, binders, cutting machines et al. If you are considering starting a magazine publication company, then your concern should not be limited to the cost of setting up the business and gaining readership but also on your distribution network.

The truth is that most magazines companies run into loss simply because they spend more in distributing their magazines to various newsstands across the country. It will pay you if you encourage your clients to subscribe to your magazines as against buying from the newsstands.

It is easier to get huge discount from post office services as against transporting your magazines to newsstands that are scattered all around the United States. Another key factor that you can leverage on is to create a strong online presence and also to push your electronic magazine far and wide within the online community.

As a magazine publisher, if you can successfully gain appreciable numbers of online subscription and adverts, then you are likely not going to struggle to manage and finance your magazine publication company and that is exactly what we plan to do.

8. Our Target Market

When it comes to news, entertainment and sports magazine, there is indeed a wide range of available customers (readership). In essence, our target market can’t be restricted to just a group of people, but all those who love to get the latest updates on news, entertainment and sports et al.

In view of that, we have conducted our market research and we have ideas of what our target market would be expecting from us. These are the groups of people we intend marketing our magazines to;

  • Corporate Executives
  • Government Officials
  • Business People
  • Celebrities
  • Military Men and Women
  • Sports Men and Women
  • Everyone who resides in our target locations.

Our Competitive Advantage

Beyond every reasonable doubt, the competition in the magazine industry is high but one thing is certain, if you are able to set a standard in the industry, you are sure going to get committed and faithful readers who would not mind paying annual subscription fee upfront.

Although you can experience less competitions if you choose to carve a niche for yourself and also exploit the internet and perhaps a book / reader’s club.

We are quite aware that to be highly competitive in the magazine publishing and distribution industry means that you are not only expected to be able to deliver consistent and robust contents at all time, but you must be able to meet set targets.

No one would want to continue to subscribe to your magazine if they are not sure they are likely going to get the magazines deliver to them as at when due.

Our competitive advantage lies in the power of our team; our workforce. We have a team of creative and highly proficient, editors, journalist, and graphic designers; a team with excellent qualifications and experience various niche areas in the magazine and printing press industry.

Lastly, all our employees will be well taken care of, and their welfare package will be among the best within our category (startups magazine publishing and distribution businesses in the United States) in the industry. It will enable them to be more than willing to build the business with us and help deliver our set goals and achieve all our business aims and objectives.

9. SALES AND MARKETING STRATEGY

  • Sources of Income

Boston Weekly®, Inc. is established with the aim of maximizing profits in the magazine publishing and distribution industry in the United States of America and we are going to go all the way to ensure that we do all it takes to achieve our corporate goal of generating enough income to run the business and pay our staff members as at when due.

Boston Weekly®, Inc. will generate income by offering the following products and services;

10. Sales Forecast

It is important to state that our sales forecast is based on the data gathered during our feasibility studies, market survey and also some of the assumptions readily available on the field. Below are the sales projections that we were able to come up with for the first three years of operations;

  • First Year-: $250,000
  • Second Year-: $450,000
  • Third Year-: $800,000

N.B : This projection is done based on what is obtainable in the industry and with the assumption that there won’t be any major economic meltdown and the arrival of a competitor in same location as ours within the period stated above. Please note that the above projection might be lower and at the same time it might be higher.

  • Marketing Strategy and Sales Strategy

We are mindful of the fact that there are stiffer competition in the magazine publishing and distribution industry; hence we have been able to hire some of the best marketing experts to handle our sales and marketing.

Our sales and marketing team will be recruited based on their vast experience in the magazine publishing and distribution industry and they will be trained on a regular basis so as to be well equipped to meet their targets and the overall business goal of Boston Weekly®, Inc.

Our goal is to grow Boston Weekly®, Inc. to become one of the top 10 magazine publishing and distribution company in the United States of America which is why we have mapped out strategy that will help us take advantage of the available market and grow to become a major force to reckon with not only in the United States of America but also in other parts of the world (online magazine).

Boston Weekly®, Inc. is set to make use of the following marketing and sales strategies to attract clients;

  • Introduce our magazine publishing and distribution company by sending introductory letters alongside copy of our magazine to corporate organizations, advertising agencies and key stake holders.
  • Promptness in bidding for advert contracts from the government and other cooperate organizations
  • Advertise our business cum magazine in relevant business TV stations, and radio station.
  • List our business cum magazine on yellow pages ads (local directories)
  • Attend relevant international and local expos, seminars, and business fairs et al
  • Create different subscription packages for different category of clients in order to work with their budgets and still supply them with copies of our magazine
  • Leverage on the internet to promote the sale and distribution of our magazine
  • Engage direct marketing approach
  • Encourage word of mouth marketing from loyal and satisfied clients

11. Publicity and Advertising Strategy

We have been able to work with our in house brand and publicity consultants to help us map out publicity and advertising strategies that will help us walk our way into the heart of our target market.

We are set to become the number one choice for both corporate clients and individual clients in the whole of the United States and beyond which is why we have made provisions for effective publicity and advertisement of our magazine publishing and distribution company. Below are the platforms we intend to leverage on to promote and advertise Boston Weekly®, Inc.;

  • Place adverts on both print (newspapers and magazines) and electronic media platforms
  • Sponsor relevant community based events / programs
  • Leverage on the internet and social media platforms like; Instagram, Facebook , twitter, YouTube, Google + et al to promote our services
  • Install our Bill Boards on strategic locations all around key cities in the United States of America
  • Engage in road show from time to time in targeted neighborhoods
  • Distribute our fliers and handbills in target areas
  • Contact corporate organizations by calling them up and informing them of Boston Weekly®, Inc. and how they can subscribe
  • List our magazine publishing and distribution company in local directories / yellow pages
  • Advertise our magazine publishing and distribution company in our official website and employ strategies that will help us pull traffic to the site.
  • Ensure that all our staff members wear our branded shirts and all our vehicles and bikes are well branded with our company logo et al.

12. Our Pricing Strategy

When it comes to pricing for products such as magazine, there are no hard and fast rules; the price depends on the size and packaging. Generally, the prices for magazine and similar products like pamphlets, newspapers and journals et al are affordable hence there is no need to employ any detailed strategies when it comes to pricing.

In view of that, our prices will conform to what is obtainable in the industry but will ensure that within the first 6 to 12 months our magazine are sold a little bit below the average prices of various magazine brands in the United States of America.

We have put in place business strategies that will help us run on low profit margin for a period of 6 months; it is a way of encouraging people to buy into our brands.

  • Payment Options

At Boston Weekly®, Inc., our payment policy is all inclusive because we are quite aware that different people prefer different payment options as it suits them. Here are the payment options that will be available in every of our outlets;

  • Payment by cash
  • Payment via Point of Sale (POS) Machine
  • Payment via online bank transfer (online payment portal)
  • Payment via Mobile money

In view of the above, we have chosen banking platforms that will help us achieve our payment plans without any itches.

13. Startup Expenditure (Budget)

When it comes to starting a standard magazine publishing and distribution business, one is expected to spend the bulk of the start – up capital on building a standard and well – equipped printing press. Aside from that, you are not expected to spend much except for purchasing distribution vans, paying of your employees and utility bills.

This is the key areas where we will spend our start – up capital;

  • The Total Fee for Registering the Business in Boston – Massachusetts – $750.
  • Legal expenses for obtaining licenses and permits as well as the accounting services (software, P.O.S machines and other software) – $1,300.
  • Cost for hiring Business Consultant – $2,500.
  • Insurance (general liability, workers’ compensation and property casualty) coverage at a total premium – $2,400.
  • Cost for payment of rent for 12 month at $1.76 per square feet in the total amount of $105,600.
  • Other start-up expenses including stationery ($500) and phone and utility deposits ($2,500).
  • The cost of printing the first set of your magazines – $50,000
  • The cost for distributing the magazines – $10,000
  • Operational cost for the first 3 months (salaries of employees, payments of bills et al) – $100,000
  • Cost for store equipment (cash register, security, ventilation, signage) – $13,750
  • Cost of purchase of distribution vans – $50,000
  • The cost for the purchase of furniture and gadgets (Computers, Printers, Telephone, TVs, Sound System, tables and chairs et al) – $4,000.
  • The cost of Launching a Website – $600
  • The cost for our opening party – $10,000
  • Miscellaneous – $10,000

We would need an estimate of $500,000 to successfully set up our magazine publishing and distribution company in Boston – Massachusetts. Please note that this amount includes the salaries of the entire staff member for the first month of operation.

Generating Funding / Startup Capital for Boston Weekly®, Inc.

Boston Weekly®, Inc. is a business that is owned and financed by Dr. Campbell Washington and other like mind investors. They do not intend to welcome any external business partner, which is why he has decided to restrict the sourcing of the start – up capital to 3 major sources.

These are the areas we intend generating our start – up capital;

  • Generate part of the start – up capital from personal savings and sell of stocks
  • Source for soft loans from family members and friends
  • Apply for loan from my Bank

N.B: We have been able to generate about $100,000 (Personal savings $80,000 and soft loan from family members $20,000) and we are at the final stages of obtaining a loan facility of $400,000 from our bank. All the papers and document have been signed and submitted, the loan has been approved and any moment from now our account will be credited with the amount.

14. Sustainability and Expansion Strategy

The future of a business lies in the numbers of loyal customers that they have the capacity and competence of the employees, their investment strategy and the business structure. If all of these factors are missing from a business (company), then it won’t be too long before the business close shop.

One of our major goals of starting Boston Weekly®, Inc. is to build a business that will survive off its own cash flow without the need for injecting finance from external sources once the business is officially running. We know that one of the ways of gaining approval and winning customers over is to sell our magazine a little bit cheaper than what is obtainable in the market and we are well prepared to survive on lower profit margin for a while.

Boston Weekly®, Inc. will make sure that the right foundation, structures and processes are put in place to ensure that our staff welfare are well taken of. Our company’s corporate culture is designed to drive our business to greater heights and training and re – training of our workforce is at the top burner of our business strategy.

As a matter of fact, profit-sharing arrangement will be made available to all our management staff and it will be based on their performance for a period of three years or more as determined by the board of the organization. We know that if that is put in place, we will be able to successfully hire and retain the best hands we can get in the industry; they will be more committed to help us build the business of our dreams.

Check List / Milestone

  • Business Name Availability Check:>Completed
  • Business Registration: Completed
  • Opening of Corporate Bank Accounts: Completed
  • Securing Point of Sales (POS) Machines: Completed
  • Opening Mobile Money Accounts: Completed
  • Opening Online Payment Platforms: Completed
  • Application and Obtaining Tax Payer’s ID: In Progress
  • Application for business license and permit: Completed
  • Purchase of Insurance for the Business: Completed
  • Leasing of facility and construction of standard Bakery: In Progress
  • Conducting Feasibility Studies: Completed
  • Generating capital from business partners: Completed
  • Applications for Loan from the bank: In Progress
  • Writing of Business Plan: Completed
  • Drafting of Employee’s Handbook: Completed
  • Drafting of Contract Documents and other relevant Legal Documents: In Progress
  • Design of The Company’s Logo: Completed
  • Graphic Designs and Printing of Packaging Marketing / Promotional Materials: In Progress
  • Recruitment of employees: In Progress
  • Purchase of the Needed furniture, racks, shelves, computers, electronic appliances, office appliances and CCTV: In progress
  • Creating Official Website for the Company: In Progress
  • Creating Awareness for the business both online and around the community: In Progress
  • Health and Safety and Fire Safety Arrangement (License): Secured
  • Opening party / launching party planning: In Progress
  • Establishing business relationship with vendors – wholesale suppliers / merchants (papers, and inks et al): In Progress
  • Purchase of delivery vans and bikes: Completed

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How To Create A Successful Marketing Plan

Jennifer Simonson

Published: Aug 13, 2024, 7:15am

How To Create A Successful Marketing Plan

Table of Contents

What is a marketing plan, marketing plan vs. marketing strategy, why businesses need a marketing plan, essential marketing channels, how to create a marketing plan, bottom line, frequently asked questions (faqs).

The difference between a flourishing business and a floundering business often comes down to an effective marketing campaign. This is especially true for small businesses. Every successful marketing campaign starts with a well-thought-out marketing plan. In this article, we will guide you through the steps on how to create a top-notch marketing plan to help put your business on the road to success.

A marketing plan is essentially a roadmap that guides businesses through the complex terrain of promoting their products or services. Think of it as a blueprint that details specific marketing campaigns, timelines, target audiences and channels such as social media , email or traditional media. Your plan should also establish clear metrics for success, the methodology used to evaluate performance and allocated budgets.

It is important to note that a marketing plan is not a static document. It is supposed to be an ever-evolving plan that adapts to market trends, customer feedback and the successful or unsuccessful marketing efforts. If done properly, a marketing plan will help you synchronize your marketing objectives with your overall business goals and ensure every marketing activity aligns with your broader vision of growth.

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Some assume that “marketing plan” and “marketing strategy” are the same thing, but be aware they hold distinct meanings and serve different purposes. A marketing strategy is more big-picture thinking. It identifies your target market, your value proposition, how you position yourself against competitors and how you will sustain your value over time. It involves deep insights into your customers’ needs, market trends and competitive analysis. It is essentially the “why” behind all your marketing actions.

The marketing plan, on the other hand, details the “what” and the “when” of those efforts. Once you have your marketing strategy outlined, you can begin to create a marketing plan. The plan should outline the specific campaigns, activities and tactics you’ll use to carry out the strategy. This includes details on the marketing channels you’ll use, the timeline for implementation, the budget and the key performance indicators you’ll track to measure success. It’s a blueprint that translates the strategy into actionable tasks and schedules.

A carefully crafted marketing plan can be a game-changer for small businesses dreaming of steady growth and a competitive edge over larger companies. Marketing plans with smart strategies and targeted campaigns can level the playing field by helping small businesses carve out their niche. It provides a clear roadmap that aligns marketing efforts with business objectives to ensure every marketing action contributes to the broader company goals.

This focused approach saves small businesses money by efficiently focusing resources instead of using a scattergun approach that can drain limited budgets. By identifying and understanding target markets, businesses can tailor their messaging to meet specific needs, which increases the likelihood of conversion. A solid marketing plan offers a framework for measuring success by setting benchmarks. With careful tracking, small businesses can quickly see what’s not working and adjust strategies in real time for better outcomes.

Today’s businesses have a wide array of marketing channels available to them. From highly analytical PPC advertising to engaging in-person event marketing, there’s no shortage of methods to promote your company.

Social Media

During the past two decades, social media has proved to be a highly effective way for small businesses to market themselves at little to no costs. Platforms including TikTok, Facebook, Instagram, X and LinkedIn offer businesses a dynamic platform to engage directly with their audience. They allow for the sharing of content, running targeted ads and fostering community through comments and shares. Effective social media marketing can enhance brand awareness, drive traffic and strengthen customer loyalty.

Email Marketing

Email marketing is another highly effective way to reach an audience directly. Newsletters, promotional offers and personalized content can nurture leads, promote loyalty and drive conversions. Email marketing offers measurable results and high ROI, making it a staple in a digital marketing strategy toolbox.

  • Content Marketing

Content marketing involves creating hyper-relevant and compelling content that will act as a magnet to attract a laser-focused group of people. You can create blogs, videos, infographics and podcasts to cultivate an engaged community of followers with whom your brand’s message genuinely resonates.

Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

SEO is the practice of optimizing website content to rank higher in search engine results pages. Effective SEO strategies including on-page optimization, quality link building and keyword research help drive traffic to your website.

Pay-Per-Click (PPC) Advertising

PPC advertising is a method of online marketing where you pay a fee each time someone clicks on your ad. Popular platforms such as Google Ads and Bing Ads guarantee your ads show up first in search engine results for specific keywords, allowing you to bypass the “organic” results. While the pay-per-click fees can add up, this form of advertising provides immediate traffic and measurable results.

Influencer Marketing

Influencer marketing leverages the reach of influencers in specific niches to help you promote your business to a larger audience. When you partner with a credible influencer, you can tap into their loyal followings, gain trust quickly and drive engagement that will hopefully lead to greater sales. Affiliate marketing can complement influencer marketing by allowing influencers to earn commissions on the sales they drive. This performance-based option is cost effective, as you will only pay for actual results.

Event Marketing

Event marketing involves marketing your brand, company or service through in-person or virtual events. It can be anything from interactive webinars and educational workshops to large-scale conferences and industry trade shows. Event marketing gives you the opportunity to directly engage with your audience and hopefully provide a memorable experience for your customers.

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Creating a marketing plan is a step-by-step process. Make sure you take your time with each step before moving on to the next one.

1. Create an Executive Summary

An executive summary is a snapshot of your simplified marketing goals, significant milestones and an outline of future plans. It should encapsulate relevant facts about your brand, setting the stage for the detailed strategy that follows. This section provides stakeholders with a clear understanding of where the company stands and where it intends to go, concisely summarizing the essence of the marketing efforts.

2. Identify Your Target Market

Who are you trying to reach? By identifying your target market you can tailor your marketing strategies effectively to help them reach the people most likely to be interested in your products or services. Outline the characteristics of your ideal customer including age, location, goals, pains and trigger points.

3. Research Your Competitors

Competitor research is a critical step in forming a marketing plan. Analyze the strengths and weaknesses in other businesses in your industry. This insight can help you identify opportunities for differentiation and areas where you can fill in the opportunity your competitors may have overlooked.

4. Determine Your Marketing Goals

Without clear marketing goals, you are just shooting barrels in the dark. Are you trying to increase brand awareness, boast sales or grow your digital footprint? And if so, by how much and in what timeframe? Use the SMART criteria for goal setting, which advises that goals should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound.

5. Establish and Track Benchmarks

Once you determine what your marketing goals are, it is important to track their effectiveness.

To do this, set baseline measurements for key performance indicators related to your goals, such as website traffic, conversion rates or social media engagement. Monitor these benchmarks on a regular basis and adjust strategies as needed to enhance marketing performance.

6. Identify Your Marketing Channels

Are you going to throw all your eggs in the social media basket? Or are you going to diversify your marketing strategy with both digital and in-person events? This step requires a deep dive into the various channels available—be it social media, email marketing, SEO or traditional advertising. When choosing your marketing channels, be sure to ask yourself where your target audience is most engaged.

7. Create a Budget

Finally, create a budget that covers all aspects of your marketing efforts from paid advertising and content creation to software subscriptions and event sponsorships. This will help you stay financially responsible as more marketing opportunities arise.

One of the keys to a successful business is setting yourself apart from the competition. A strategic marketing plan that details your marketing efforts can not only help you stand out but also provide a step-by-step guide toward reaching your business objectives.

What are the main elements of a marketing plan?

The main elements of a marketing plan typically include an executive summary, marketing objectives, target audience definition, marketing strategies, budget and metrics for performance evaluation. It outlines the company’s strategy for attracting and retaining customers by detailing specific actions to achieve campaign goals, timeline with key milestones, channels to be used and team members responsibilities.

What is a realistic marketing budget?

A realistic marketing budget is typically determined as a percentage of a company’s revenue. It is recommended that B2B companies spend 2% to 5% of their revenue on marketing. Because B2C companies typically have a broader range of marketing channels, it is recommended they spend between 5% and 10% of their revenue on marketing.

What should every marketing plan start with?

Every marketing plan should start with a clear mission statement for the marketing department that aligns with the overall mission of the business. This statement should be specific enough to guide marketing efforts but also allow room to adjust the plan as needed. For example, if your company’s mission is “to revolutionize home cooking,” the marketing mission might be “to inspire home cooks and provide them with innovative cooking solutions.”

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Jennifer Simonson draws on two decades as a journalist covering everything from local economic developement to small business marketing. Beyond writing, she tested entrepreneurial waters by launching a mobile massage service, a content marketing firm and an e-commerce venture. These experiences enriched her understanding of small business management and marketing strategies. Today, she channels this first-hand knowledge into her articles for Forbes Advisor.

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Tom Brady on the Art of Leading Teammates

  • Nitin Nohria

business plan magazine

When our society talks about leaders, we focus on formal roles, such as the CEO. This view undervalues the role of informal leaders—team members who influence outcomes by the tone they set, how they conduct themselves, and how they interact with their peers. Their job title doesn’t include the word “manager,” but they play an outsize role in how teams perform.

In this article, NFL great Tom Brady and Nitin Nohria, of Harvard Business School, present a set of principles that people in any realm can apply to help teams successfully work together toward common goals.

The NFL great explains how he motivated himself and fellow players.

When our society talks about success, we tend to focus on individual success. We obsess about who is the “greatest of all time,” who is most responsible for a win, or what players or coaches a team might add next season to become even better.

  • Tom Brady achieved great success in his 23-year NFL career, winning seven world championships. He is also an entrepreneur, a New York Times best-selling author, and a business adviser.
  • Nitin Nohria is the George F. Baker Jr. and Distinguished Service University Professor. He served as the 10th dean of Harvard Business School, from 2010 to 2020.

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Verizon’s Security Report Explores Mobile Defence

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As one of the world’s largest telcos, Verizon is committed to mobile security. The company has published the Verizon Mobile Security Index (MSI) to support professionals as they strengthen their mobile security defences , from those that could exploit them. 

Verizon commissioned an independent market research company to survey 600 people across security strategy, policy and management. Leaders in mobile device security, including Akamai, Allot, CISCO, Fortinet and more were also involved in the report.

Here, we look at some of their findings.

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Mobile security is essential for flexible working

Post-pandemic, employers are supportive of employees working remotely, from home, the airport, a hotel or even a local coffee shop. 92% of survey respondents said that their organisation supported remote connectivity, which means that personal mobile devices are embedded into business-critical workflows. 80% of respondents said they agreed that mobile devices were critical to the smooth running of their organisations and 46% of respondents agreed that mobile devices are a critical business tool. 

However, cybercriminals are aware that employer support for flexible work has led to a rise in mobile devices connecting to enterprise networks. Naturally, these devices access sensitive information.

  • 50% said mobile devices have greater access to sensitive information than a year ago
  • 86% agreed that increased remote working has moved mobile security up their agenda
  • 86% agreed that flexibility in where people work and what devices they use is key for attracting top talent.

As flexible work becomes increasingly established across workplace policy, organisations will depend more heavily on different types of devices in more locations, with strategic investments in mobile security no longer an option.

Mobile security confidence high, but concerns over security risks persist

Respondents reported a high level of confidence in their mobile defences, with the majority sharing that their current mobile device security measures were effective. 96% were confident that their defences were ‘at least somewhat effective’. 

However, 53% said that they had experienced a security incident involving a mobile or IoT device which resulted in data loss or downtime.

Respondents simultaneously cited persistent mobile security worries, with close to half believing that end users are complacent about data privacy and security, oblivious to the dangers of credential theft.

  • 89% of respondents admitted that they thought organisations should take mobile device security more seriously.
  • 85% of respondents shared that mobile-related security risks have increased (or significantly increased) over the past year.

Verizon urges stronger security measures across mobile and IoT connectivity 

From Verizon’s survey data, the company has drawn one clear conclusion - the necessary expansion of mobile computing and IoT is also widening the attack surface for cybercriminals. The mobile sector must focus on ensuring sufficient mobile security processes, policies and investments.

“Disruptions caused by cyber attacks are increasing significantly as they become more sophisticated, frequent and costly,” warned Kyle Malady , CEO of Verizon Business. “This report provides insights into the current mobile and IoT device threat landscape and what organisations should focus on to protect their data and key systems.”

Public and private organisations must unite to combat threats who want to exploit the progress of mobile and IoT connectivity.

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Four New Speakers Join Sustainability LIVE London

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Where change-makers gather to challenge and share innovations to adapt and grow sustainability strategies and best practices, Sustainability LIVE London Global Summit returns in one month!

Join us on September 10 and 11 to challenge your thinking, adapt your strategy, and make crucial progress with change-makers, innovators, and sustainability leaders at Sustainability LIVE London Global Summit. 

Sold out in 2023, don’t miss out on your chance to hear from more than 60 acclaimed speakers, network with 1,300 in-person delegates, and unlock hundreds of opportunities to share and learn. 

Your sustainability plan starts now at Sustainability LIVE London Global Summit.  Click here to get your tickets .

Tom Abel, Director of Sales and Sustainable Solutions at Business Stream

With over 20 years of industry experience, Tom Abel has held senior commercial roles at Business Stream for the last six years, Tom was appointed Director of Sales and Sustainable Solutions in 2023. Responsible for delivering the company’s ambitious retention and growth strategy, Tom places a strong focus on developing ESG-led customer propositions, as well as growing the company’s sustainable solutions function. 

Tom also plays a crucial role in the development and delivery of Business Stream’s ESG strategy, helping to ensure the company supports its customers to achieve their sustainability targets.  

Veronique Toully, Global Head of Sustainability, Corporate Affairs & Risk at UCB

Currently serving as Senior Vice President and Global Head of Sustainability, Corporate Affairs, and Risk at UCB, Veronique Toully has over 30 years of experience in the healthcare industry. 

Veronique in her role at UCB integrates sustainability and risk management into the company's strategy, championing positive impact for its key stakeholders. Honing her expertise in global markets Veronique has worked across Europe and Asia-Pacific. 

Veronique holds a Doctorate in Veterinary Medicine, an MBA from HEC Paris, and a Health Economics diploma from the University of York. She also recently studied Sustainability Leadership at the University of Cambridge.

Joe Murphy, Executive Lead of Business Network at Ellen MacArthur Foundation

Leading the business network for the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, Joe Murphy has been with the non-profit for the last eight years, starting his career with the foundation as an analyst. 

With a career spanning more than 15 years, Joe has worked for EY, Restless Development, PayPal, London Early YEars Foundation, and On Purposer Fellow. 

Sam Shave, Managing Partner at Think Beyond

Bringing a unique perspective to the intersection of sport, social impact, and commercial growth, Sam Shave is the Managing Partner at Think Beyond. Sam joined Thinked Beyond in 2019 and has led major projects including the creation of Rexona/Degree’s 10-year social impact strategy, Disney’s community work in Latin America, Liverpool FC’s holistic sustainability strategy, and worked with The North Face to diversify the outdoors. 

Before joining Think Beyond, Sam worked for Comic Relief managing all their work funding and supporting community organisations across the globe that are using sport as a means of tackling social issues. 

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A millionaire landlord has 3 tips for anyone thinking of buying rental real estate right now

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  • Marcia Castro Socas has been a landlord for years.
  • She says the landlord-tenant relationship is an often-overlooked part of owning rental real estate.
  • She says buying the cheapest place isn't always best, and the news shouldn't dictate your plans.

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One of my biggest financial goals is to invest in real estate . I've always wanted to own a handful of properties all around the country that I rent out to tenants as a way of making passive income. While I'm years away from being in the position to buy my first investment home, I'm doing what I can to understand how the whole process works.

In addition to finding out how much cash I'll need for a down payment , renovations, insurance, taxes, and to cover fees before a tenant moves in, I'm also eager to find out what else I should know before I enter the real estate investing space. 

To help figure that out, I spoke with Marcia Castro Socas , a real estate investor, home renovator, and real estate broker who has generated millions from her investment properties over the years, about what she'd tell any new investor. Here's what she had to say. 

1. Paying a lower price isn't always the best deal

In my free time, I like to look at properties for sale to see which ones I'd be interested in buying if I had the cash to do so today. I also search for the lowest-priced properties, since I assume my budget won't be big for my first investment home.

Castro Socas says that searching for the lowest-priced home isn't always the right move. 

When she purchased her first investment property, it was a fixer-upper that required remodeling. She knew it would take some time, and she'd need to pay the mortgage while the home was being fixed up. But what she didn't think about was all the actual cash she'd need to spend on the repairs, which added up to more than she expected. 

"Sometimes it's better to get a property that doesn't need quite so much work, even if you have to pay a bit more for it," says Castro Socas. "The lesson I learned here was to assess honestly how much cash I have available for a project and how much work I can afford to take on comfortably."

2. Don't let outside news change your real estate plan 

As someone eager to get into real estate investing, I'm always wondering if there's a right time to buy and nervous that I might enter the housing market during a recession, which could make it harder to rent out the property. 

Castro Socas recommends not letting outside news change your long-term plan. That's what she did in 2008 when the real estate market collapsed. 

She owned many rental properties that lost significant value, and while other real estate investors rushed to short-sell their properties to get out of debt, she held onto hers.

"Rather than listen to that news, I saw that each property, except for one, was making rental income over the mortgage amount," says Castro Socas. "So, even though the sales market had plummeted, this didn't matter to me since I wasn't in the market to sell. I was happy to hold and keep renting the properties and pay down that mortgage every month."

Even years later, Castro Socas still owns several of those properties, and their values have risen to new record highs.

"Keeping a cool head and looking at the actual facts rather than reacting to panic in the market proved to be much wiser in the long term," says Castro Socas.

3. Being a landlord isn't just about money

One of the biggest reasons I want to get into real estate is that I'm hoping to make passive income and grow my overall financial portfolio.

But Casto Socas says that owning properties isn't just about making money. She says while it might be easy to just focus on income amounts and return on investment , being a landlord is also about the landlord-tenant relationship.

"Tenants who have a personal connection with you take care of the home better, stay longer, and are more likely to take care of minor repairs on their own," says Castro Socas.

In return, Castro Socas ensures she maintains that good relationship by taking care of issues quickly and treating tenants well. She says this mindset has led to an increase in her income over the years.

"With several tenants that have lived in rentals for over eight years, my income has been higher since we don't have any vacancies on these properties," says Castro Socas.

This article was originally published in October 2022.

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Donald Trump headlines Montana rally after plane was diverted but landed safely

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Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump arrives for a news conference at his Mar-a-Lago estate Thursday, Aug. 8, 2024, in Palm Beach, Fla. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)

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Republican Senate candidate Tim Sheehy shakes hands with Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump at a campaign rally in Bozeman, Mont., Friday, Aug. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Janie Osborne)

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Members of former President Donald Trump’s team disembark from his Boeing 757 after arriving at the Billings Logan International Airport in Billings, Mont., on Friday afternoon, Aug. 9, 2024, enroute to Bozeman. (Larry Mayer/The Billings Gazette via AP)

Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump arrives to speak at a campaign rally in Bozeman, Mont., Friday, Aug. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer)

Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump talks after speaking at a campaign rally in Bozeman, Mont., Friday, Aug. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer)

People wait in line before a campaign rally for Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump, in Bozeman, Mont., Friday, Aug. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Rick Bowmer)

Susan Reneau, 72, of Missoula, Mont., arrives before Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump speaks at a campaign rally in Bozeman, Mont., Friday, Aug. 9, 2024. (AP Photo/Janie Osborne)

FILE - Sen. Jon Tester, D-Mont., leaves the chamber as the Senate prepares to advance the $95 billion aid package for Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan passed by the House, at the Capitol in Washington, Tuesday, April 23, 2024. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite, File)

Former President Donald Trump’s Boeing 757 arrives at the Billings Logan International Airport in Billings, Mont., on Friday afternoon, Aug. 9, 2024, enroute to Bozeman. (Larry Mayer/The Billings Gazette via AP)

BOZEMAN, Mont. (AP) — Donald Trump traveled to Montana for a Friday night rally intended to drum up support for ousting the state’s Democratic senator, but the former president’s plane first had to divert to an airport on the other side of the Rocky Mountains because of a mechanical issue, according to airport staff.

Trump’s plane was en route to Bozeman, Montana, when it was diverted Friday afternoon to Billings, 142 miles to the east, according to Jenny Mockel, administrative assistant at Billings Logan International Airport. Trump continued to Bozeman via private jet.

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FILE - U.S. Senate candidate Tim Sheehy talks about his campaign, Friday, Feb. 9, 2024, in Helena, Mont. Sheehy is seeking the Republican nomination to challenge U.S. Sen. Jon Tester in the November election. (AP Photo/Matthew Brown, File)

The former president came to Montana hoping to remedy some unfinished business from 2018, when he campaigned repeatedly in Big Sky Country in a failed bid to oust incumbent Democratic Sen. Jon Tester. On Friday, Trump ripped into the three-term senator, mocking him for being overweight and for insinuating he sometimes sided with the former president.

“He voted to impeach me — that guy voted to impeach me,” Trump said of Tester, whom he called a “slob” with “the biggest stomach I’ve ever seen.”

Trump also invited to the stage Texas Rep. Ronny Jackson, his former White House physician, to further slam Montana’s senior senator. Tester sank Jackson’s nomination to be Trump’s Veterans Affairs secretary, alleging the doctor drank and used prescription drugs while on duty.

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Tester has tried to convince voters he’s aligned with Trump on many issues, mirroring his successful strategy from six years ago. While that worked in a non-presidential election year, it faces a more critical test this fall with Tester’s opponent, former Navy SEAL Tim Sheehy , trying to link the three-term incumbent to Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris.

Trump kicked off his rally about 90 minutes behind schedule and immediately began lacing into Tester. “We are going to defeat radical left Democrat Jon Tester, he’s terrible,” Trump said. “We’re going to evict crazy Kamala,” he continued, workshopping a nickname on his new rival.

Harris has benefitted nationally from a burst of enthusiasm among core Democratic constituencies, who coalesced quickly around her after President Joe Biden withdrew from the campaign last month. She’s drawn big crowds in swing states, touring this week with Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz, her choice to be her vice presidential nominee.

Trump’s only rally this week, meanwhile, was in a state he won by 16 percentage points four years ago rather than a November battleground. Facing new pressure in the race from a candidate with surging enthusiasm, Trump on Thursday called questions about his lack of swing state stops “stupid.”

“I don’t have to go there because I’m leading those states,” he said. “I’m going because I want to help senators and congressmen get elected.”

He will add on fundraising stops in Wyoming and Colorado.

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Trump could be decisive in Montana’s Senate race

Friday’s rally at Montana State University drew thousands of GOP supporters. Yet the former president’s bigger impact could be simply having his name above Sheehy’s on the ballot in November, said University of Montana political analyst Rob Saldin.

“There is a segment of the electorate that will turn out when Trump is on the ticket,” Saldin said. And that could benefit Sheehy, a Trump supporter and newcomer to politics who made a fortune off an aerial firefighting business.

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Republicans have been on a roll in Montana for more than a decade and now hold every statewide office except for Tester’s.

Tester won each of his previous Senate contests by a narrow margin, casting himself as a plainspoken farmer who builds personal connections with people in Montana and is willing to break with his party on issues that matter to them. He’s also become a prolific fundraiser.

The race has drawn national attention with Democrats clinging to a razor-thin majority in the Senate and defending far more seats than the GOP this year. Tester is considered among the most vulnerable Democratic incumbents.

For him to win, large numbers of Trump supporters would have to vote a split ticket and get behind the Democratic senator.

Trump’s drive to oust Tester traces back to the lawmaker’s work in 2018 as chairman of the Senate Committee on Veterans’ Affairs. Tester revealed past misconduct by Trump’s personal physician, Ronny Jackson, that sank Jackson’s nomination to lead the Veterans Affairs Department.

Then-President Trump took the matter personally and came to Montana four times to campaign for Republican Matt Rosendale, who was then the state auditor. Rosendale lost by 3 percentage points.

Tester has positioned himself apart from national Democrats

Before Trump’s latest visit, Tester has sought to insulate himself against charges that he’s part of the Democratic establishment by rolling out the names of Republicans who support him, including former Montana Gov. Marc Racicot. His campaign highlighted more than 20 pieces of legislation, many dealing with veterans’ issues, that Tester sponsored and Trump signed.

Tester also was the sole Democratic delegate from Montana to withhold a vote backing Harris as the party’s presidential candidate in the wake of Biden’s withdrawal. And when the Democratic National Convention takes place later this month in Chicago, Tester will be back in Montana “farming and meeting face to face with Montanans,” campaign spokesperson Harry Child said.

The last time Tester attended the Democratic National Convention was in 2008. That’s also the last time a Democratic presidential candidate came anywhere near winning Montana, with President Barack Obama losing by just over 2 percentage points.

On Friday, in an interview as he waited for the Trump rally to start, Sheehy dismissed the idea that Tester can survive Montana’s swing to the right. “Jon Tester is by 95%-plus in lockstep with the Biden-Harris agenda,” Sheehy said. “So I don’t think his attempt to message himself as a moderate is going to work.”

A similar situation is developing in Ohio, where three-term Democratic Sen. Sherrod Brown faces a tough race in a state expected to vote for Trump.

Harris visited Ohio when the two were Senate colleagues to raise money for Brown’s 2018 campaign, but Brown has said he has no plans to campaign with her this year. Like Tester, Brown has highlighted legislation he worked on that Trump signed into law.

Friday’s rally takes place in Gallatin County, which Tester has become increasingly reliant on over the course of his political career.

He lost the county in his first Senate race, in 2006, but his support has since grown. A substantial margin of victory in Gallatin in 2018 helped push him ahead of Rosendale.

Republican Don Seifert, a former Gallatin County commissioner, said he voted for Tester that year and plans to do so again this year.

Seifert backed Trump in 2016 and said he has continued to support other Republicans, including Montana Gov. Greg Gianforte and Sen. Steve Daines.

“Montanans tend to vote for the person over the party,” Seifert said. “For the state of Montana, Jon is the one that can do what we need.”

But Sheehy says Tester has lost touch with his home state and fallen into step with Democrats in Washington. The Republican said in a message this week to supporters that Tester was “responsible for the rise of Kamala Harris” because he served as chairman of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee from 2015 to 2017, when she was elected to the Senate from California.

Tester has outraised Sheehy by more than three-to-one in campaign donations reported to the Federal Election Commission. However, outside groups supporting Sheehy have helped the Republican make up much of that gap. Spending in the race is on track to exceed $200 million as advertisements from the two sides saturate Montana’s airwaves.

Associated Press reporters Amy Beth Hanson in Helena, Montana, and Julie Smyth in Columbus, Ohio, contributed to this report.

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