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- Dissertation
- Plan de dissertation
Plan de dissertation : méthodologie et exemples
Publié le 27 novembre 2018 par Justine Debret . Mis à jour le 14 février 2022.
Le plan d’une dissertation est la structure ou le “squelette” de votre dissertation.
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Combien de parties pour un plan de dissertation , plan de dissertation : apparent ou pas , les types de plan pour une dissertation, exemple de plan pour une dissertation (de philosophie), le plan d’une dissertation juridique, le plan d’une dissertation de philosophie.
Nous conseillons de faire un plan en trois parties (et deux sous-parties) pour les dissertations en général.
Toutefois, ce n’est pas obligatoire et vous pouvez le faire en deux parties (et trois sous-parties).
C’est différent pour les dissertations de droit ! Pour les dissertations juridiques, le plan doit contenir deux parties (et pas trois).
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Le plan d’une dissertation peut être apparent ou non, tout dépend du type de dissertation rédigé.
Les dissertations de philosophie n’ont en général pas de plan apparent. Les titres apparaissent dans une phrase introductive.
Attention ! Pour les dissertations juridiques, les titres doivent être apparents et ils ne doivent pas comporter des verbes conjugués.
Il en existe plusieurs et chaque type de plan de dissertation a ses spécificités.
1. Le plan d’une dissertation dialectique
Le plan dialectique (ou critique) est un plan « thèse, antithèse et synthèse ». Il est utilisé lorsque l’opinion exprimée dans le sujet de dissertation est discutable et qu’il est possible d’envisager l’opinion inverse.
Le plan d’une dissertation dialectique suit le modèle suivant :
I. Exposé argumenté d’une thèse. II. Exposé argumenté de la thèse adverse. II. Synthèse (dépassement de la contradiction)
2. Le plan de dissertation analytique
Le plan analytique permet d’analyser un problème qui mérite une réflexion approfondie. Vous devez décrire la situation, analyser les causes et envisager les conséquences. Il est possible de faire un plan « explication / illustration / commentaire ».
Le plan d’une dissertation analytique suit généralement le modèle suivant :
I. Description/explication d’une situation II. Analyse des causes/illustration III. Analyse des conséquences/commentaire
3. Le plan de dissertation thématique
Le plan thématique est utilisé dans le cadre de questions générales, celles qui exigent une réflexion progressive.
I. Thème 1 II. Thème 2 III.Thème 3
4. Le plan de dissertation chronologique
Le plan chronologique est utilisé dans le cas d’une question sur un thème dont la compréhension évolue à travers l’histoire.
I. Temporalité 1 II. Temporalité 2 III. Temporalité 3
Voici un exemple de plan analytique pour une dissertation sur le thème « l’Homme est-il un animal social ? « .
1. La nature en nous 1.1. L’être humain, un animal parmi les autres ? 1.2. Les pulsions humaines comme rappel de notre archaïsme ? 2. La personne humaine : un être de nature ou de culture ? 2.1. La société comme impératif de survie : l’Homme est un loup pour l’Homme 2.2. La perfectibilité de l’Homme l’extrait de la nature 3. Plus qu’un animal social, un animal politique 3.1. L’Homme, un être rationnel au profit du bien commun 3.2. La coexistence humaine et participation politique du citoyen
Les dissertations juridiques sont construites en deux parties et ont un plan apparent.
Le plan a une forme binaire : deux parties (I et II), deux sous-parties (A et B) et parfois deux sous-sous-parties (1 et 2). Votre plan de dissertation doit reposer sur quatre idées principales.
Plus d’informations sur le plan d’une dissertation juridique
Les dissertations de philosophie sont construites en trois parties (en général) et n’ont pas de plan apparent.
Chaque partie est introduite avec une phrase d’introduction.
Plus d’informations sur le plan d’une dissertation de philosophie
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Debret, J. (2022, 14 février). Plan de dissertation : méthodologie et exemples. Scribbr. Consulté le 13 septembre 2024, de https://www.scribbr.fr/dissertation-fr/plan-de-dissertation/
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- Knowledge Base
- Dissertation
- Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates
Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates
Published on June 7, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on November 21, 2023.
A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical early steps in your writing process . It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding the specifics of your dissertation topic and showcasing its relevance to your field.
Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:
- Your anticipated title
- Your abstract
- Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review, research methods, avenues for future research, etc.)
In the final product, you can also provide a chapter outline for your readers. This is a short paragraph at the end of your introduction to inform readers about the organizational structure of your thesis or dissertation. This chapter outline is also known as a reading guide or summary outline.
Table of contents
How to outline your thesis or dissertation, dissertation and thesis outline templates, chapter outline example, sample sentences for your chapter outline, sample verbs for variation in your chapter outline, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about thesis and dissertation outlines.
While there are some inter-institutional differences, many outlines proceed in a fairly similar fashion.
- Working Title
- “Elevator pitch” of your work (often written last).
- Introduce your area of study, sharing details about your research question, problem statement , and hypotheses . Situate your research within an existing paradigm or conceptual or theoretical framework .
- Subdivide as you see fit into main topics and sub-topics.
- Describe your research methods (e.g., your scope , population , and data collection ).
- Present your research findings and share about your data analysis methods.
- Answer the research question in a concise way.
- Interpret your findings, discuss potential limitations of your own research and speculate about future implications or related opportunities.
For a more detailed overview of chapters and other elements, be sure to check out our article on the structure of a dissertation or download our template .
To help you get started, we’ve created a full thesis or dissertation template in Word or Google Docs format. It’s easy adapt it to your own requirements.
Download Word template Download Google Docs template
It can be easy to fall into a pattern of overusing the same words or sentence constructions, which can make your work monotonous and repetitive for your readers. Consider utilizing some of the alternative constructions presented below.
Example 1: Passive construction
The passive voice is a common choice for outlines and overviews because the context makes it clear who is carrying out the action (e.g., you are conducting the research ). However, overuse of the passive voice can make your text vague and imprecise.
Example 2: IS-AV construction
You can also present your information using the “IS-AV” (inanimate subject with an active verb ) construction.
A chapter is an inanimate object, so it is not capable of taking an action itself (e.g., presenting or discussing). However, the meaning of the sentence is still easily understandable, so the IS-AV construction can be a good way to add variety to your text.
Example 3: The “I” construction
Another option is to use the “I” construction, which is often recommended by style manuals (e.g., APA Style and Chicago style ). However, depending on your field of study, this construction is not always considered professional or academic. Ask your supervisor if you’re not sure.
Example 4: Mix-and-match
To truly make the most of these options, consider mixing and matching the passive voice , IS-AV construction , and “I” construction .This can help the flow of your argument and improve the readability of your text.
As you draft the chapter outline, you may also find yourself frequently repeating the same words, such as “discuss,” “present,” “prove,” or “show.” Consider branching out to add richness and nuance to your writing. Here are some examples of synonyms you can use.
| Address | Describe | Imply | Refute |
| Argue | Determine | Indicate | Report |
| Claim | Emphasize | Mention | Reveal |
| Clarify | Examine | Point out | Speculate |
| Compare | Explain | Posit | Summarize |
| Concern | Formulate | Present | Target |
| Counter | Focus on | Propose | Treat |
| Define | Give | Provide insight into | Underpin |
| Demonstrate | Highlight | Recommend | Use |
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When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .
The title page of your thesis or dissertation goes first, before all other content or lists that you may choose to include.
A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.
- Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review , research methods , avenues for future research, etc.)
Cite this Scribbr article
If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.
George, T. (2023, November 21). Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved September 9, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/dissertation-thesis-outline/
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Méthodologie de la dissertation Les différents plans. M. thodologie de la dissert. rents plans1. Fiche méthode génér. Introduction. n se fait en 3 étapes.1 Présentation de l'œuvreɑ La première phrase (précédée d'un alinéa) a pour fonction de prése. ter l'œuvre (ou les œuvres) et le thème du sujet. Si vous trouvez ...
Le plan d'une dissertation dialectique suit le modèle suivant : I. Exposé argumenté d'une thèse. II. Exposé argumenté de la thèse adverse. II. Synthèse (dépassement de la contradiction) 2. Le plan de dissertation analytique. Le plan analytique permet d'analyser un problème qui mérite une réflexion approfondie.
dissertation—that is,precursor of what is to come, with each element being more fully developed and explained fu. ther along in the book.For each key element, explain reason for inclusion, quality markers, and fr. OVERVIEWFRONT MATTERFollowing is a road map that briefly outlines the contents of. an enti.
for completing a doctoral dissertation. The Dissertation Journey provides guidance on how to plan, write, and defend a dissertation. Its structure parallels the dissertation progression and presents detailed information about the content and process from conceptualizing a topic to publish-ing the results.
LA DISSERTATION. Les cinq étapes de la dissertation : • Analyser le sujet. • Chercher des idées et arguments. • Dégager une problématique. • Bâtir un plan + écrire l'introduction et la conclus. • La rédaction ion au brouillon. La dissertation exige du savoir-faire (maîtrise de la technique) et du savoir (connaissances ...
These are guidelines only. You must consult with your dissertation chair and committee members to determine the elements of your dissertation as well as the order of those elements. Dissertation proposals should include the elements normally found in Chapters 1, 2, 3, and the References of a dissertation.
Dissertation Planner: step-by-step. This planner is designed to help you through all the stages of your dissertation, from starting to think about your question through to final submission. At each stage there are useful prompts to help you plan your work and manage your time.
The dissertation is the final demonstration of the design, execution, and interpretation of any planned research project. A dissertation allows students to: Demonstrate that the plan for the research was carefully completed. Explain how the findings were gathered and why. Support the discussion, implications and conclusion of the research.
It should include: The background information to and context for your research. This often takes the form of a literature review. Explanation of the focus of your work. Explanation of the value of this work to scholarship on the topic. List of the aims and objectives of the work and also the issues which will not be covered because they are ...
A QUICK GUIDE TO DISSERTATION WRITING GRADUATE WRITING CENTER • GRADUATE DIVISION UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA • BERKELEY Balian, Edward S. The Graduate Research Guidebook. 4th ed. Encinitas, CA: Silver Sky Publishing, 2011. Becker, Howard S. Tricks of the Trade: How to Think about Your Research While You're Doing It. Chicago, IL: University
Planning and writing your dissertation can be overwhelming. This resource will provide you with some practical tips to effectively plan, research, write and submit your final project. The Goals of a Dissertation It is important to remember what the point of dissertation is or to know what you are supposed to achieve because it you can easily ...
L'introduction de dissertation D'une longueur de 15 à 30 lignes, l'introduction doit être rédigée après avoir le plan de la dissertation qui répond à votre problématique. Quel est le but de l'introduction d'une dissertation ? 1. Introduire le sujet traité. 2. Exposer le problème auquel la dissertation va répondre
A Guide to Dissertation Writing (1st ed.). University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK. the title "A Guide to Dissertation Writing,". Many students struggle to co mplete their. dissertations ...
3 sample title page for a phd dissertation copyright notice abstract sample abstract formatting errors front and back matter supplemental material tables and figures visual material acknowledging the work of others page 19 references footnotes bibliography citation & style guides use of copyrighted material page 20 services and information page 22 proquest publishing orders and payments
nal steps leading to the award of the PhD degree. At the University of Pennsylvania, a student presents and defends the dissertation publicly, and then, with the approval of the dissertation committee and graduate group c. air, submits the final manuscript for publication. Finally, the PhD degree is awarded to the candidate upon the recom.
However, both dissertations and theses are expected to meet the same standard of originality, approaching a new area of study and contributing significantly to the universal body of knowledge (Athanasou et al., 2012). Originality is a key issue in both dissertation and thesis development and writing (Bailey, 2014; Ferguson, 2009). The ideas, the
Étape 1 : analyser le sujet. Étape 2 : problématiser le sujet. Étape 3 : rédiger le plan. Étape 4 : préparer l'argumentation. Étape 5 : rédiger la dissertation. Étape 6 : relire et corriger le travail. et en profondeurLire attent. ent le sujetLire le sujet avec attention. Si plusieurs sujets sont proposés, il faut choisir c.
Dissertation & Thesis Outline | Example & Free Templates. Published on June 7, 2022 by Tegan George.Revised on November 21, 2023. A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical early steps in your writing process.It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding the specifics of your dissertation topic and showcasing its relevance to ...
Sample Dissertation Overview. The problem generally is addressed in two related parts: The problem statement is contained in Chapter 1, and a review of the related research, theory, and professional literature is described in Chapter 2. The methods used for investigating the problem are usually included in Chapter 3.
L'annonce du plan Présenter les grandes étapes du développement. Dans un premier temps, nous mettrons en exergue le fait que gouverner ne répond pas uniquement à l'envie de domination, de pouvoir, mais plutôt d'amélioration de la ... Notre article sur la conclusion de la dissertation de philosophie.
Writing. 9. Each thesis or dissertation is unique but all share several common elements. The following is not an exact guide but rather a general outline. Chapter 1: Purpose and Significance of the Study. In the first chapter, clearly state what the purpose of the study is and explain the study's significance.
Plan de dissertation - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free.
EXEMPLE DE DISSERTATION REDIGEE (partiellement) Pensez-vous que la littérature puisse et doive avoir pour mission d'élever sa voix contre les injustices ? en gris : intro et concl générales du devoir. en rouge : mini-intro/concl de partie = en mini-intro, la thèse, en mini-concl, récapitulation. en bleu : les arguments et leur ...