ielts task 2 problem solution essay topics

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• Essay Task 2

How to Write Problem Solution Essay in IELTS

• Essay Types
• Double Question
• Advantage Disadvantage
• Problem Solution
• Essay Length

IELTS problem-solution tasks are the easiest of the IELTS essay types as you are required to explain the given problem(s) and provide some relevant suggestions/solutions. In this IELTS Task 2 Writing guide, we will take a look at how to produce a well-written essay for an IELTS writing task 2 problem and solution task.

Table of Contents

1.1 understanding the question, 1.2 example problem/solution questions.

• Essay Structure for Problem/Solution Essays
• 3.1 Identify key words and phrases

3.2 Organise your ideas

3.3 identify vocabulary, 4.1 introduction, 4.2 main body paragraphs, 4.3 conclusion.

• 5.1 Complete the sample problem/solution essay

5.2 Problem Solution Sample Essay

1. problem/solution overview.

A problem and solution essay is a common type of IELTS writing task 2 essay question .

Remember, there are five main types of writing task 2 questions:

• Advantage/disadvantage
• Double question
• Problem/solution

You will have 40 minutes to write at least 250 words which you use to explain one or more of the following

• A common problem/ problems in the world
• A cause/causes of a problem
• A possible solution/solutions

There are a few different ways that a problem/solution question may be worded and it is important to understand exactly what you are being asked to do.

Here are the three main types of problem/solution question aims:

• Write about a problem and possible solutions to that problem
• Write about a cause of a problem and possible solutions
• Only write about the solutions

And here are some ways the question may be worded for each aim:

• What problems arise from this and how can they be tackled?
• What do you think the causes are? What are the solutions?
• What solution can you suggest to deal with this problem?

Identifying common synonyms in the instruction words will also help you to identify the aim:

Problem : Situation; resulting in…; issue

Cause : Reason; why

The only solution : address; present; solve; improve; tackle; remedy; deal with

Take the time to read the question carefully! It is a common mistake to answer the wrong question.

Here are some example problem/solution questions. Try to work out what the aim is for each question:

The internet has transformed the way information is shared and consumed, but it has also created problems that did not exist before. What are the most serious problems associated with the internet and what solutions can you suggest?

Also, read the following IELTS Essay Writing Guides

• IELTS Discussion Type Questions
• Double Question IELTS Essay Topics
• Opinion-based Task 2 IELTS Guide
• IELTS Advantage Disadvantage Essay Type

Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems. Identify two serious ones and suggest ways that governments and individuals can tackle these problems.

One problem faced by almost every large city is traffic congestion What do you think the causes are? What solutions can you suggest?

More and more wild animals are on the verge of extinction and others are on the endangered list. What are the reasons for this? What can be done to solve the problem?

In many developing countries, there is a problem with declining quality of air and water from both industry and construction. What measures could be taken to prevent this?

2. Essay Structure for Problem/Solution Essays

You will see more than one way to structure a problem/solution IELTS essay. We’ve given you two options to choose from that are nice and easy to follow and enable you to produce a clear and cohesive essay everytime:

Essay structure 1

Essay structure 2

Note that essay structure 2 suggests that it is an option to write about more than one problem and solution . In fact, the essay question will usually ask for problems and solutions in the plural.

However, it is acceptable to write about one problem and solution so that you fully develop your ideas rather than rushing through your essay and missing any important examples or explanations.

Why not time yourself writing an essay in test conditions and see what option works for you!

3. Planning your Problem/Solution Essay

Taking the time to plan your essay will really make a big difference. Read on for some useful tips to help your planning.

3.1 Identify keywords and phrases

It’s a good idea to start your planning by  confirming the topic of your essay by locating the topic words .

Here’s the question for our model 9 band writing task 2 answer at the end of this guide:

Some people think that children nowadays are spending an excessive amount of time watching TV or using a computer or mobile phone.

Describe some of the problems that too much screen time can have for children , and what can be done to tackle them .

The topic of this essay is about the amount of time children spend using screens (TV, computer, mobile phones).

By looking at the instruction words , we can see this question also asks for problems and solutions in the plural form (although remember it is ok to focus on a single problem and solution in the exam).

A list is a great way to organise your ideas before you start writing your IELTS essay about problem and solution. Your ideas do not have to be elaborate or in-depth, just put pen to paper and start to jot down some ideas for an IELTS essay. You could choose to only write down ideas you will use in your essay, or you might end up with more than you need (we suggest ticking off the ideas you use to avoid repetition)

We have used a simple bullet point list to note down ideas for our model essay:

• Childhood obesity
• Mental health issues
• Targeted junk food adverts

Solutions :

• Government incentives for active children
• Limited screen time imposed by parents
• Lessons to educate children on the dangers of too much screen time
• Restrictions on adverts at certain times

Writing down any useful vocabulary for IELTS that comes to mind during the planning process could improve your score in Lexical resources . Ask yourself if you know any idioms, collocations or other unusual IELTS essay vocabulary linked to your essay topic.

4. Writing your Problem/Solution Essay

There are three key things to include in your problem/solution introduction:

• Paraphrase the given IELTS statement and question
• State the problem/cause/solution
• State what your essay will do

To successfully paraphrase the statement, you can use synonyms, change the word order or change the word class (e.g from a noun to an adjective). The tricky part is making sure you keep the meaning of the statement the same. Look what we’ve done for our model answer:

You can also briefly state what your essay will do using an outline statement . Here’s an example sentence:

This essay will look at these problems in more detail and propose some solutions.

For each problem or cause you write about, you should create a topic sentence which introduces each main idea.

Here are some possible ways you could structure your topic sentences:

• One major problem connected to _____ is…
• Another issue is that…
• A final problem is the…
• One cause of ____ is …
• One reason for ____ is …
• A further way to explain ____ is …
• One contributing factor to ____ is…

You could also use the structure that + a clause. Here are some examples:

One major problem connected to childrens’ health is lack of exercise .

Another issue is that there are a large amount of junk food advertisements on television aimed at children .

As well as language for problems, you will also need to introduce solutions to these problems. Even though the topic of your essay will be different, you can learn language chunks/sentence starters to do this. Take a look at these examples:

• To deal with this problem, _____ could …
• The way forward might be for _____ to …
• The solution is for people to …
• In order to solve this issue, _____ should …

When you provide a solution, it is a good idea to keep the actor of the sentence more general, for example:

• The government

You can also learn lexical chunks related to solutions to common problems. Here are just a few suggestions for our model answer:

• The government could bring in a law to ban junk food advertising.
• The government could allocate more money to healthy eating campaigns.
• Parents could set aside time in the day to do activities as a family away from screens.
• Schools could employ more physical education teachers to improve students’ fitness levels.

We’ve used the tips above to create the following body paragraphs:

Your conclusion for any IELTS writing task 2 essay is very important as without it, you will not score above a band score 6.0 in Task achievement .

Always make your conclusion easy to identify for the examiner by starting with:

• In conclusion,…
• To conclude,…
• To sum up,…
• In summary,…

Now you will need to paraphrase (again) what you have written for your introduction in your own words. Compare out model answer introduction and conclusion:

You can also include the following points in your conclusion (it is not necessary to include all the points):

• State the seriousness of the problem (we’ve used the phrase ‘ increasingly serious ’)
• Suggest who you think should solve the problem (we’ve gone with a balance between the government and parents )
• Make suggestions about what to do in the future (we’ve kept this general: ‘ reducing the amount of screen time ’)
• State what might happen if nothing is done to solve the problem (again, we’ve kept this general to reduce the word count: ‘ these problems will only intensify ’)

5. Example Problem/Solution Essay and Exercise

Below you will find the complete problem/ solution essay that we have been using throughout this guide, except we have removed some of the keywords.

Your task is to select the missing words and complete the sample answer. Good luck!

5.1 Complete the Sample Problem/Solution Essay

Describe some of the problems that too much screen time can have for children, and what can be done to tackle them.

Nowadays, governments and health experts around the world have become increasingly concerned about the general health of children. They are particularly worried about problems caused by too much time spent in front of a TV, computer or mobile. This essay will look at these problems in more detail and propose some solutions.

One major problem connected to childrens’ health is lack of exercise: in recent years , the amount of time children spend being sedentary in front of a screen has increased drastically, and as a result, childrens’ fitness levels have plummeted. This is a significant problem in the USA, for example , where children spend an increasing amount of time watching a TV screen. To try and solve this problem, governments should implement incentives for children that spend more time being active, such as giving vouchers for sport equipment or free tickets to sporting events.

Another issue is that there are a large amount of junk food advertisements on television aimed at children. This means that children are being targeted to buy unhealthy junk food and processed meals which can lead to weight and other health problems due to the high amounts of fat and sugar in the food. The answer could be for the government to ban these adverts at certain times of the day. If they did this, children would not be subjected to these unhealthy marketing tactics.

To sum up, there is no doubt that the problem of too much screen time is becoming increasingly serious for the youth of today. Unless action is taken urgently, these problems will only intensify. My opinion is that responsibility for reducing the amount of time in front of a screen lies mainly with the government, but also with the parents.

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How to Plan & Write IELTS Problem Solution Essays

IELTS problem solution essays are the most challenging essay type for many people. The way they are worded can vary hugely which can make it difficult to understand how you should answer the question.

Generally, you’ll be asked to write about both the problem, or cause, and the solution to a specific issue. Sometimes, however, you will only be required to write about possible solutions.

The 3 essay types:

• Problem and solution
• Cause and solution
• Just the solution

Hence, it’s essential that you analyse the question carefully, which I’ll show you how to do in this lesson. I’m also going to demonstrate step-by-step how to plan and write IELTS problem solution essays.

Here’s what we’ll be covering:

• Identifying IELTS problem solution essays 
• 6 Common mistakes
• Essay structure
• How to plan
• How to write an introduction
• How to write main body paragraphs
• How to write a conclusion

Want  to watch and listen to this lesson?

Click on this video.

Click the links to see lessons on each of these Task 2 essay writing topics. 

Once you understand the process, practice on past questions. Take your time at first and gradually speed up until you can plan and write an essay of at least 250 words in the 40 minutes allowed in the exam.

The Question

Here are two typical IELTS problem solution essay questions. They consist of a statement followed by the question or instruction.

1. One problem faced by almost every large city is traffic congestion.

What do you think the causes are? What solutions can you suggest?

2. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the number of endangered species has increased significantly and we have witnessed more mass extinctions in this period than in any other period of time.

State some reasons for this and provide possible solutions.

These are some examples of different ways in which questions can be phrased. The first half of the questions relate to the problem or cause, the second half to the solution.

What issues does this cause and how can they be addressed?

What are some resulting social problems and how can we deal with them?

What problems arise from this and how can they be tackled?

Why is this? How might it be remedied?

What are the reasons for this, and how can the situation be improved?

Why is this happening, and what measures can be taken to tackle this problem?

And here are a few questions where you only have to write about the solution.

How can this situation be improved?

What solutions can you suggest to deal with this problem?

How can this problem be solved?

What measures could be taken to prevent this?

It’s important that you are able to recognise the common synonyms, words and phrases used in problem solution questions. Here are the key words and their synonyms used in the questions above.

• Problem  – issues, resulting, situation
• Cause  – reasons, why
• Solution  – deal with, addressed, tackled, remedied, improved, measures taken, solved, prevent

Before we move on to some common mistakes, I want to quickly explain the difference between a problem and a cause. Read the following examples.

Problem – I've missed the last bus home after visiting my friend for the evening.

Cause – I misread the timetable and thought the bus left at 22.45 when it actually left at 22.35.

The ‘cause’ is the reason for the ‘problem’.  We’ll be looking at question analysis in more detail in a minute.

6 Common Mistakes

These six errors are common in IELTS problem solution essays.

• Confusing problem and causes questions.
• Having too many ideas.
• Not developing your ideas.
• Not developing both sides of the argument equally.
• Not linking the problems and solutions.
• Not being specific enough.

It is common for an essay to consist of a list of problems and solutions without any of them being expanded on or linked to each other. Sometimes, a student will focus on just the problem or only the solution which leads to an unbalanced essay. Both these issues will result in a low score for task achievement.

You must choose just one or two problems and pick solutions directly linked to them. Explain them and give examples.

Another serious error is to write generally about the topic. You need to be very specific with your ideas. Analysing the question properly is essential to avoiding this mistake. I’ll show you how to do this.

Essay Structure

Now let’s look at a simple structure you can use to write IELTS problem solution essays. It’s not the only possible structure but it’s the one I recommend because it’s easy to learn and will enable you to quickly plan and write a high-level essay.

1)  Introduction

• Paraphrase the question
• State 1 key problem/cause and related solution

2)  Main body paragraph 1 – Problem or Cause

• Topic sentence – state the problem or cause
• Explanation – give detail explaining the problem or cause
• Example – give an example

3)  Main body paragraph 2 – Solution

• Topic sentence – state the solution
• Explanation – give detail explaining the solution

4)  Conclusion

• Summarise the key points 

This structure will give us a well-balanced essay with 4 paragraphs.

One Problem/Cause & Solution or Two?

Most questions will state problems, causes and solutions in the plural, that is, more than one. However, it is acceptable to write about just one.

This will give you an essay of just over the minimum 250 words. To write about two problems/causes and solutions will require you to write between 350 and 400 words which are a lot to plan and write in the 40 minutes allowed.

It is better to fully develop one problem/cause and solution than ending up with one idea missing an explanation or an example because you run out of time.

The step-by-step essay structure I’m going to show you includes one problem and solution but you can write about two if you feel able to or more comfortable doing so.

How To Plan IELTS Problem Solution Essays

Here’s the question we’re going to be answering in our model essay followed by the 3 steps of the planning process.

One problem faced by almost every large city is traffic congestion.

What do you think the causes are? What solutions can you sugge st?

• Analyse the question
• Generate ideas
• Identify vocabulary

# 1  Analyse the question

This is an essential step in the planning process and will ensure that you answer the question fully. It’s quick and easy to do. You just need to identify 3 different types of words:

1. Topic words

2.  Other keywords

3.  Instruction words

Topics words are the ones that identify the general subject of the question and will be found in the statement part of the question.

One problem faced by almost every large city is traffic congestion .

So, this question is about ‘ traffic congestion’ .

Many people will do this first step of the process and then write about the topic in general. This is a serious mistake and leads to low marks for task achievement.

What we need to do now that we know the general topic, is to understand exactly what aspect of traffic congestion we're being asked to write about.

The  other keywords  in the question tell you the specific topic you must write about. 

By highlighting these words, it’s easy to see that you are being asked to write about the problem of traffic congestion in large cities. Your essay must only include ideas relevant to these ideas.

The instruction words are the question itself. These tell you the type of IELTS problem solution essay you must write. This is a ‘causes and solutions’ question.

# 2  Generate ideas

The next task is to generate some ideas to write about.

There are several different ways to think up ideas. I cover them fully on the  IELTS Essay Planning  page.

We’re going to use the ‘friends technique’. This is the method I prefer as it allows you to take a step back from the stress of the exam situation and think more calmly.

Here’s how it works. Imagine that you are chatting with a friend over a cup of coffee and they ask you this question. What are the first thoughts to come into your head? Plan your essay around these ideas.

Doing this will help you to come up with simple answers in everyday language rather than straining your brain to think of amazing ideas using high-level language, which isn’t necessary.

You might want to try this yourself before reading on for my ideas.

Here are my ideas:

• Too many cars on the roads – increasing numbers of people own cars, more convenient than buses & trains
• Inadequate public transport – crowded, old & dirty
• Poor road layout
• Rush hour traffic – most people travel to & from work at the same times each day
• Car sharing, park-and-ride scheme, congestion charge
• Improve public transport – more frequent and better quality
• Improve infrastructure – bus lanes, cycle lanes will make it safer for people to cycle
• Flexible working hours

For each cause you think of, immediately write down a possible solution. This you will ensure that the problems and solutions you think of are linked.

You don’t need to spend long on this as you only need one or two ideas.

I’ve got more far more ideas here than I need as I spent more time thinking about it that I would in the real exam. I’m going to pick just one cause to develop in the essay and one or two solutions.

My advice on making your selection is to choose ideas you can quickly think of an example to illustrate.

Here are my choices:

Cause  – Too many cars on the roads.  Why? – increasing numbers of people own cars, more convenient than buses & trains

Solution  – Park-and-ride schemes

We’re almost ready to start writing our IELTS problem solution essay but first, we have one more task to do.

# 3  Vocabulary

During the planning stage, quickly jot down some vocabulary that comes to mind as you decide which cause and solution you are going to write about, especially synonyms of key words. This will save you having to stop and think of the right language while you’re writing. For example:

• traffic jam
• heavy traffic
• private transport
• infrastructure

With that done, we can focus on the first paragraph of the essay – the introduction.

How To Write an Introduction

Good  introductions to IELTS problem solution essays have a simple 2 part structure:

• State 1 key problem/cause and related solution/s (outline sentence)
• Have 2-3 sentences
• Be 40-60 words long
• Take 5 minutes to write

1)  Paraphrase the question

Start your introduction by paraphrasing the question.

Question: One problem faced by almost every large city is traffic congestion.

                  What do you think the causes are? What solutions can you suggest?

Paraphrased question:  

O ne of the most serious issues facing the majority of large urban areas is traffic jams.  

Note my use of synonyms to replace key words in the question statement. You don’t have to replace every key word but do so where possible whilst ensuring that your language sounds natural.

2)  Outline statement

Now we need to add an  outline statement  where we outline the two main points that we’ll cover in the rest of the essay, that is, the cause and the solution I chose earlier. Here they are again.

Cause  – Too many cars on the roads.  Why? – increasing numbers of people own cars, more convenient than buses & trains

And, this is one way to develop them into an outline sentence.

Outline statement:

The main reason for this is that there are too many private cars on the roads these days and a viable solution is to introduce more park-and-ride schemes.

So, let’s bring the two elements of our introduction together.

     Introduction

This introduction achieves three important functions:

• It shows the examiner that you understand the question.
• It acts as a guide to the examiner as to what your essay is about.
• It also helps to keep you focused and on track as you write.

The two ideas in your introduction will become your two main body paragraphs.

Main body paragraph 1  –  Too many cars on the roads  

Main body paragraph 2  –  Park-and-ride schemes

How To Write Main Body Paragraphs

Main body paragraphs in IELTS problem solution essays should contain 3 things:

• Topic sentence – outline the main idea
• Explanation – explain it and g ive more detail

Main Body Paragraph 1

The  topic sentence  summarises the main idea of the paragraph. That’s all it needs to do so it doesn’t have to be complicated.

It plays an important role in ensuring that your ideas flow logically from one to another. It does this by acting as a signpost for what is to come next, that is, what the paragraph will be about.

If you maintain a clear development of ideas throughout your essay, you will get high marks for task achievement and cohesion and coherence.

We’ll now take the idea for our first main body paragraph and create our topic sentence.

Obviously, we’re going to write about the cause of the problem first.

Main body paragraph 1  –  Too many cars on the roads 

Topic sentence:  

The number of people owning cars increases year on year, with most families now having more than one car. 

Next, we must write an  explanation sentence  that develops the idea.

Explanation sentence: 

Most people like the convenience of travelling at the time they want to rather than being restricted to public transport timetables, so they prefer to drive themselves around rather than taking the bus or train. This is despite the fact that they frequently have to sit in long traffic queues as they near the city centre.

Finally, we add an  example  to support our main point. If you can’t think of a real example, it’s fine to make one up, as long as it’s believable. The examiner isn’t going to check your facts. Alternative, you could add another piece of information to support your idea.

Example sentence:

Whenever I have to attend a meeting in the city, I always drive because it means that I can leave home when I want to rather than getting stressed about getting to the station in time to catch the train.

That’s the 3 parts of our first main body paragraph complete. Here’s the finished paragraph.

We now follow the same process for our second main body paragraph.

Main Body Paragraph 2

Main idea 2  –   Park-and-ride schemes

First, we write the  topic sentence  to summarise the main idea. 

Topic sentence:

A solution that is proving successful in many areas is park-and-ride schemes.

Now for the  explanation sentence  where we expand on this idea.

Explanation sentence:

This is where you park your car for free in a large car park on the outskirts of the city and take a bus for the final part of your journey. The fee you have to pay for the bus trip is usually very small and this public transport system is generally very regular, running every ten minutes or so.

Finally, an  example  to support this point.

A survey carried out in the city of Exeter showed that the rush hour congestion decreased by 10% when the council set up a park-and-ride scheme to the north of the city. There was an additional drop of another 10% in traffic volume when a second scheme began operating to the south.

That’s the 3 parts of our second main body paragraph complete. Here’s the finished paragraph.

Now we need a conclusion and our IELTS problem solution essay is done.

How To Write a Conclusion

The conclusion is a summary of the main points in your essay and can generally be done in a single sentence. It should never introduce new ideas.

If you're below the minimum 250 words after you’ve written your conclusion, you can add a prediction or recommendation statement.

Our essay is already over the minimum word limit so we don’t need this extra sentence  but you can learn more about how to write a prediction or recommendation statement for IELTS problem solution essays on the Task 2 Conclusions page.

The conclusion is the easiest sentence in the essay to write but one of the most important.

A good conclusion will:

• Neatly end the essay
• Link all your ideas together
• Sum up your argument or opinion
• Answer the question

If you achieve this, you’ll improve your score for both task achievement and cohesion and coherence which together make up 50% of the overall marks. Without a conclusion, you’ll score below band 6 for task achievement.

You can start almost any final paragraph of an IELTS problem solution essay with the words:

• In conclusion

        or

• To conclude

Now all you need to do is briefly summarise the main ideas into one sentence.

Here’s a top tip . Go back and read the introduction to the essay because this is also a summary of the essay. It outlines what you are going to write about.

To create a good conclusion, you simply have to paraphrase the introduction. 

Introduction:

Here is the same information formed into a conclusion.  I’ve also added a personal statement at the end to link back to one of my example sentences. You don’t have to do this but in this case, I think that it rounds the essay off better.

That’s it. We’ve completed our essay. Here it is with the 4 paragraphs put together.

Finished IELTS problem solution essay.

Go through this lesson as many times as you need to in order to fully understand it and put in lots of practice writing IELTS problem solution essays from past exam questions. Practice is the only way to improve your skills.

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More help with ielts problem solution essays & other task 2 essays.

IELTS Writing Task 2  – T he format, the 5 question types, the 5 step essay writing strategy & sample questions. All the key information you need to know.

The 5 Types of Task 2 Essay   – How to recognise the 5 different types of Task 2 essays. 15 sample questions to study and a simple planning structure for each essay type.

Understanding Task 2 Questions  – How to quickly and easily analyse and understand IELTS Writing Task 2 questions.

How To Plan a Task 2 Essay  – Discover why essay planning is essential & learn a simple 4 step strategy, the 4 part essay structure & 4 methods of generating ideas.

How To Write a Task 2 Introduction  – Find out why a good introduction is essential. Learn how to write one using a simple 3 part strategy & discover 4 common mistakes to avoid.

How To Write Task 2 Main Body Paragraphs  – Learn the simple 3 part structure for writing great main body paragraphs and also, 3 common mistakes to avoid. 

How To Write Task 2 Conclusions  – Learn the easy way to write the perfect conclusion for a Task 2 essay. Also discover 4 common mistakes to avoid.

Task 2 Marking Criteria  – Find out how to meet the marking criteria in Task 2. See examples of good and poor answers & learn some common mistakes to avoid.

The 5 Task 2 Essay Types:

Step-by-step instructions on how to plan & write high-level essays. Model answers & common mistakes to avoid.

   Opinion Essays

   Discussion Essays

  Problem Solution Essays

  Advantages & Disadvantages Essays

  Double Question Essays

Other Related Pages

IELTS Writing Test  – Understand the format & marking criteria, know what skills are assessed & learn the difference between the Academic & General writing tests.

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IELTS TASK 2 Problem and Solution essays

• by Alistair Brown
• May 3, 2021 September 18, 2021

There are various task 2 Ielts types which ask you to do different things. The following bullet points summarise what ‘functions’ you are asked to perform in your writing. You can use it as a checklist to find out how comfortable you are with dealing with these different types of writing function and to brainstorm the kinds of language and grammar you will need for each one. I will go over this in future blogs.

• discuss the problems associated with an issue and suggest possible solutions

• discuss and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of something

• discuss one or two opinions on a topic and give your own opinion

• discuss the possible causes of a problem and the effect it has

In my previous blogs where I looked at two recent IELTS topics on obesity and recycling I covered ideas used in problem and solution essays and ‘ the mindset ‘ of thinking about the government’s role in the topic.

Try and and complete the following prompt with your own ideas –

‘ the best way to improve my country is ….  ‘ and see what kind of language you come up with.

Useful verbs here could be – ‘introduce, improve, attract, implement, expand, reduce, persuade, invest, develop’

Useful nouns are – ‘way, approach, solution, means, measure’. Try the exercises from the University of Bristol for practice of the nouns which will help you in this type of question.

In my book I cover a huge range of topics for task two and a large chapter on problem and solution essays.

Here are some topics below and try to answer one or two 🙂 I have put them into categories for you

Task two problem – Solution essay questions  

Cities  

What are the key problems facing the world’s cities in the 21 st  century, and what can be done about them? 

Many cities have become less pleasant places to live in recent years. What do you think are the cause of this? What solutions can you suggest? 

Nowadays overpopulation is a major problem in many parts of the world. What are some of these problems? Suggest some solutions. 

Cars  

A large number of deaths are caused by road accidents. Why do so many accidents occur? Make recommendations that would help to reduce the number of road accidents. 

The amount of traffic in our cities is increasing day by day. What are the problems caused by this increase in traffic? What are the solutions? 

Environment  

Nowadays the environment is increasingly under threat. What are the main dangers to the environment? What are the solutions to these problems? 

Resources  

In the future natural resources such as coal and oil will be used up. How can we save on resources? What alternative forms of energy are there? 

Young people  

Young people in the modern world seem to have more power and influence than any other generation. Why is this the case? What impact does this have on the relationship between young and old people? 

In many countries schools have problems with student behaviour. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can you suggest? 

Many crimes are committed by young people. Why do you think this is? What can be done to solve the problems of juvenile delinquency? 

In many countries schools have severe problems with student behaviour. What do you think are the causes of this?  What solutions can you suggest? 

Drugs  

People in all modern societies use drugs but today’s youth are experimenting with both legal(cigarettes and tobacco) and illegal drugs and at an increasingly early age. 

What are the causes and effects of widespread drug use by young people in modern society?  Make some recommendations you feel are necessary to help fight youth drug abuse. 

Work  

In some countries it can be very difficult for people over 50 to get good jobs, despite their experience 

What do you think are the causes of this problem, and what measures could be taken to solve it? 

Health  

In recent years life has become more stressful than it has ever been and many people are suffering from stress related problems. What has caused this increase in stress and what can be done to overcome the problems? 

Despite health warnings, a large number of people continue to smoke all over the world. Should we be concerned about this? What solutions would you suggest? 

Social problems 

Many people believe that the high levels in violence in films today are causing serious social problems. 

What are these problems and how could they be reduced? 

Task 2 problem and solution language

Here is some language that you might find useful 🙂 Enjoy!!!

ALISTAIR BROWN:  As a writing and speaking examiner for more than 10 years, I bring a lot of experience. I have seen the frustrations that students have with IELTS from a career where I have actively guided and corrected students’ studies. I am looking for the most effective ways to teach IELTS as I understand students’ needs.

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Problem and Solution IELTS Essay Topics: A List of Common Essay Topics to Guide You for the Exam

IELTS writing discusses a number of essay topics. From the topics that contend with your own views and one where you discuss different social problems. This is the only segment where you can compose your thoughts and views in an ordered way. Unnecessary to mention, this segment is evaluated very minutely and you need to be completely concentrated in order to score well.

One section that is very recurring in the writing section is the problem-solution style essay in IELTS. Here, you are offered a disturbing situation and are asked to recommend appropriate solutions to a particular situation.

Problem Solution Essay IELTS

Problem-solution essays are among the most important IELTS Writing Task 2 topics on the academic paper. While being so common, a lot of students are not doing well on these topics. This article will focus on some of the more common errors and then take you stepwise to answer certain questions.

Common Mistakes in Problem Solution Essay

• The most common error in problem-solving essays is not to build on your thoughts, but simply to describe a lot of problems and solutions. The interviewer does not require a list of all the issues and ideas that you might think of. Alternatively, the examiner wants you to select one or two problems and solutions and then elaborate on them with details and suggestions if you check into how the exam is graded.
• Writing regarding concerns and solutions that are not specifically related to the issue is another typical error. When addressing the question, you should be like a hunter and just offer very clear suggestions, instead of ideas that simply speak about the overall problem. In the questions that we will look at below, this has a lot to do with how you define keywords and micro-keywords.

Avoid these Mistakes

• Many people conceive of interesting ideas for problems and yet struggle to relate their solutions to these problems. The problem must have a solution that is specifically related to it or, in other words, it should fix the real problem.
• At the end of the day, many candidates dream of pretty interesting questions and ideas that answer the issue correctly and then extend their responses with explanations and examples, but they speak too commonly. Alternatively, you should ask about concrete cases and interpretations.⠀

Also Read: IELTS Writing Task Evaluation with Sample Answer: A Guide To Better Band Score

Analyse the Question: Problem Solution Essay

This is one of the most critical aspects of addressing any written question from IELTS. If you don’t have the opportunity to think thoroughly about what the interviewer is expecting you to do, it is very hard to interpret the question accurately.

We evaluate the problem by worrying about 3 factors:

• Micro-keywords
• Action words

Keywords are the terms that tell us what the basic theme is.

Micro-keywords define which aspect of the general theme the interviewer needs you to address. They also offer an opinion, qualify an argument, or speak about a subcategory of a broader general topic.

The words of action teach us what the investigator needs us to do.

Problem Solution Sample Essay: Problem and Solution IELTS Essay Topics

Problem and Solution IELTS Essay Topics: Global warming is one of the biggest threats humans face in the 21st Century and sea levels are continuing to rise at alarming rates.

What are the problems involved with this and what are some potential solutions?

Part One: Problem Solution Essay IELTS

If we look at the problem, we see that the terms are ‘global warming.’ This is our core concept. We’re trying to talk about this, but we can’t write about any issues associated with global warming. When we do this, we haven’t answered the issue properly. Consequently, we need to focus on micro-keywords.

The micro keywords are ‘humans’ and ‘a rising sea level.’ But rather than only writing about the big issue of global warming and any issues associated with it (such as intensified hurricanes, extinction of many species, soil erosion), we need to worry about how especially rising sea levels could impact humans. Although, for example , we were concerned about issues involving the ‘earth’ or ‘animals’ or the ‘atmosphere,’ we may not have addressed the issue.

Also Read: Describe a Person Who is Very Open: IELTS Speaking Cue Card Sample Answers

Part Two: Problem Solution Essay IELTS

Words in action are problems and solutions. Therefore, our job is to write about it and that alone. It does not challenge our viewpoint or the drawbacks and advantages or the reasons, but the challenges and solutions. If we wanted to ask about the causes of rising sea levels, we would not be addressing the issue.

Rather than brainstorming or brainstorming ideas, in my view, take too much time and contribute to useless ideas-you can just imagine that you’re in a coffee shop with a friend, and they’ve just asked you a simple query. In this scenario, it will be “What are the challenges and approaches associated with the rise of the sea level on humans? ”

Part Three: Problem Solution Essay IELTS

If you were speaking to a friend about this, I’m sure you’d have no trouble thinking of at least 2 or 3 issues and solutions. This approach gets you out of the exam scenario and places your mind in a more comfortable environment. You’ve got a lot of ideas now, but now you’ve got to consider which ones to use.

Also Read: 10 Must-Follow IELTS Reading Tips and Tricks to Boost Your Band Score

Relationship Topics: Problem and Solution IELTS Essay Topics

• How can social media bullying be prevented?
• What is the best way to help someone who is depressed?
• What’s the best way to deal with manipulative and domineering people?
• How can you help a friend or roommate who is making poor life choices?
• How can you get out of a bad relationship?
• How can you move out of the “friend zone”?
• What is the best way for a woman to show a man she is interested? Should she ask him out?
• How has texting affected face-to-face relationships?

Social Problems: Problem and Solution IELTS Essay Topics

• How can we help homeless people in our community?
• How can we prevent people from dropping out of high school?
• What is the best way to prevent teen pregnancy?
• How can kids be persuaded not to experiment with illegal drugs?
• What is the best way to prevent deaths from drunk driving?
• How can teenagers be convinced to drive more safely?
• What can be done to prevent divorce?
• How can kids with divorced parents be helped to do well in school, have strong relationships, and build successful lives and marriages?

Athletes and Sports: IELTS Problems

• How can steroid use be limited in all sports (or one in particular)?
• Should college athletes be paid?
• How can colleges better handle the combination of education, athletics, and business?
• Do kids train too hard in athletics at young ages?
• What is the best way for a young athlete to learn a sport? (You might want to talk about a particular sport you know well).
• How can coaches best encourage their athletes to do their best?
• Think about your local sports team. What can be done to make that team more effective? How can the fans be made to support the team more?
• Pick your favourite sport. How can someone best prepare themselves to be excellent at that sport?

Also Read: 6 Tips for IELTS Writing Skill Enhancement: Get Your Desired Band Score

Education: IELTS Problems

• How can parents make virtual learning effective?
• How can we make education better for kids who have trouble in school?
• How can schools help the problem of childhood obesity?
• How can schools best serve special education students?
• How can schools allocate more money and resources for sports, fine arts, and other special programs?
• What should be done about misbehaving and disruptive students?
• What should be done to make gifted and talented education programs effective?
• How can we help kids who are in failing schools?

Family Life: IELTS Preparation

• How can parents best handle homework?
• How can parents handle their child’s cell phone and social media use appropriately?
• Should parents be held responsible for the obesity of their children? What should be done to help families with obese children?
• How can parents help their children have a positive body image and avoid eating disorders?
• What can be done about parents who push too hard for their children to achieve in sports, academics, fine arts, or another area?
• What can be done to increase the number of children who are adopted?
• How can we prevent young people from ageing out of the child welfare system without ever finding a family?
• What is the best way to help families who have a child with a mental illness?

We hope that this article will be a helping hand for your next IELTS exam. This section can be a tough one to tackle but if you keep your head calm and think wisely, you might easily crack this exam with a good band score. Don’t forget to try out the topics mentioned in this article. Practice 4-5 topics daily to become an expert in IELTS preparations. Always give mock tests before the exam to know your speed and time management

Best of luck!

Also Read: Describe Something You Enjoy doing with a Group of People: IELTS Exam Cue Card Topic

These are some pretty common topics, and thank you for guiding us on how to write an essay.

This was such an informative article. It helped me a lot to learn more about IELTS as an individual. Keep writing such blogs as they are a great help to people like us.

This article has so much information that is very helpful and important, can you also help with tips for other section?

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Problem Solution Essays in IELTS Writing Task 2

January 30, 2023 By Ben Worthington

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This tutorial discusses how to write problem-solution essays in IELTS Writing Task 2.

A “problem and solution” essay, as its name suggests, proposes a problem to you and asks you to suggest a solution or solutions to it. It may also ask about the causes of the problem or the effects which the problem has.

Listen and you will learn:

• How to write a problem solution essay
• How to understand the question and structure your answer
• How to make logical arguments in your answer
• Three things all problem and solution questions have in common
• Ideas to develop answers to sample IELTS problem/solutions questions

Read the Sample Problem Solution Essay Questions below

• ‘Loneliness’ is an increasing problem in many societies, especially among the elderly. Why is this? How might it be remedied?
• The world’s oceans are filling up with plastic waste. What are the reasons for this, and how can the situation be improved?
• Many of the world’s rarest plants and animals are on the verge of becoming extinct. Why is this? What, if anything can be done to slow this process or arrest it all together?

Join many other students who have achieved IELTS success with our online IELTS course or get instant feedback with our online essay checker .

You can download or listen to the full tutorial here:

| Direct Download Here | Stitcher | iTunes | Spotify

About Ben Worthington

As the founder of IELTSPodcast, Ben started his journey as an English educator in 2006. Ben and his team of teachers provide students with expert advice, twice a week to cover the writing, reading, listening and speaking sections of the IELTS exam.

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Problem and Solution Essay Lesson

Problem Solution Essay

This lesson on how to write a problem solution essay will:

• discuss common mistakes;
• show you how to analyse the question;
• show you how to think of ideas;
• give you a structure that can be used again and again on all problem solution IELTS essays;
• describe how to write an introduction , main body paragraphs and conclusion; and
• give you a full band 9 sample answer.

Problem/solution questions are one of the most common IELTS Writing Task 2 questions on the academic paper. Despite being very common, many students fail to do well in these questions. This post will look at some of the most common mistakes and then take you through how to answer these questions step-by-step.

Common Mistakes

• The most common mistake for problem solution essays is not expanding on your ideas and instead simply listing lots of problems and solutions. The examiner does not want a list of all the problems and solutions you can think of, and please don’t do this in the exam. Instead, if you look at how the exam is marked , the examiner wants you to pick one or two problems and solutions and then expand on them with explanations and examples. More on how to do this below.
• Another common mistake is writing about problems and solutions that are not directly linked to the question. You should be like a sniper when answering the question and only give very specific ideas rather than ideas that generally talk about the overall issue. This has a lot to do with how you identify keywords and micro-keywords in the questions which we will look at below.
• Lots of people think of good ideas for problems and then fail to link their solutions to these problems. Each problem should have a solution directly linked to it, or in other words, it should solve the actual problem.
• Finally, some candidates think of really good problems and solutions that answer the question properly and then expand their answers with explanations and examples, but they talk too generally. Instead, you should be thinking of specific examples and explanations. We will look at how to avoid this below.

Analysing the Question 

This is one of the most crucial parts of answering any IELTS writing question. If you don’t take the time to think properly about what the examiner is asking you to do, then it is very difficult to answer the question correctly.

We analyse the question by thinking about three things:

• micro-keywords
• action words

Keywords are the words that tell us what the general topic is.

Micro-keywords identify which part of the general topic the examiner wants you to discuss. They often give an opinion, qualify the statement or talk about a sub-category of the bigger general topic.

Action words tell us what the examiner wants us to do.

Problem Solution Sample Essay

Global warming is one of the biggest threats humans face in the 21st Century, and sea levels continue to rise at alarming rates. 

What problems are associated with this, and what are some possible solutions? 

If we look at this question, we can see that the keywords are ‘ global warming ‘. This is our general topic. We will write about this, but we cannot write about any problems associated with global warming. If we do this, we have not answered the question properly. We, therefore, need to look at the micro-keywords.

The micro-keywords are ‘ humans ‘ and ‘ sea level rise ‘. So instead of writing just about the huge topic of global warming and any problems associated with that (such as increased storms, extinction of certain animals, erosion of soil), we have to talk about how particularly sea level rises will affect humans . If we talked about the problems affecting the ‘planet’ or ‘animals’ or the ‘atmosphere’, we would not be answering the question.

The action words are problems and solutions .  Our task is, therefore, to write about that and only that. It does not ask our opinion about the disadvantages, advantages, or causes, just the problems and solutions. If we discussed the causes of sea level rise, we would not be answering the question.

For more information, go to effectively analyse an IELTS question .

How to Think of Ideas 

Now that we know exactly what the question is asking us to do, we need to think of specific and relevant ideas. There are many strategies for thinking of ideas for IELTS task 2 questions  TO THINK OF IDEAS FOR IELTS WRITING TASK 2  but for problem-solving questions; I like to use something called the ‘coffee shop method’.

Instead of brainstorming or mind-mapping- which take too much time and lead to irrelevant ideas in my opinion- you should pretend you are in a coffee shop with a friend and they have just asked you a simple question. In this case, it would be “What are the problems and solutions associated with sea level rise on humans?”

If you were talking to a friend about this, I’m sure you would have no problem thinking of at least 2 or 3 problems and solutions. This method takes you out of an exam situation and puts your mind into a more relaxed environment. Try it and see. If you don’t like it, try one of my other methods.

There are several problems and solutions, including:

Problem : flooding of people’s homes and businesses

Solution : build flood barriers or move to higher areas

Problem : loss of agricultural land and starvation

Solution : switch to more suitable crops

Problem : displacement of millions of people

Solution : move people in a planned and orderly way before the floods

Problem : groundwater undrinkable

Solution : build desalination plants

As you can see, I didn’t think of lots of problems and then lots of solutions. For each problem, you should think of a solution that directly solves this problem.

You now have lots of ideas, but now you must decide which ones to use. I always tell my students to pick the ones they know most about, i.e. that they can explain and give relevant examples.

I advise my students to use a basic four-paragraph structure with all problem solution IELTS essays. Your four paragraphs should look something like this:

Paragraph 1- Introduction

Paragraph 2- Problems

Paragraph 3- Solutions

Paragraph 4- Conclusion

At a sentence level, your structure should look like this:

Introduction 

1- Paraphrase question

2- Outline sentence

3- State problems

4- Explain first problem

5- Explain second problem

6- Example of second problem

7- State solutions

8- Explain solution to first problem

9- Explain solution to second problem

10- Example of solution to second problem

Conclusion 

Sentence 11- Summary of main points in paragraphs 2 and 3

For more structures, check out our IELTS task 2 structures guide .

Now let’s look at each paragraph in more detail.

The introduction will have two sentences: a paraphrase of the question and an outline statement.

Paraphrasing is simply saying the sentence again with different words but with the same meaning. We can do this by using synonyms and/or changing the order of the words.

Question-  Global warming is one of the biggest threats humans face in the 21st Century, and sea levels continue to rise at alarming rates. 

Paraphrased- Climate change is among the principal dangers facing people this century, and ocean levels are increasing dramatically.

As you can see above, I have used synonyms to change the words of the questions, but it still has the same meaning. The examiner will look for your ability to do this in the exam, so practising this skill is a good idea.

Our outline sentence is next, which tells the examiner what they will read in the rest of the essay. This makes it very clear to the examiner and makes the rest of the essay much easier to understand. You will, therefore, gain marks for coherence and cohesion.

Our outline sentence should look something like this:

This essay will first suggest that the biggest problems caused by this phenomenon are the loss of land and the flooding of homes and then argue that pollution reduction and building flood protection are the most viable solutions.

Our introduction will, therefore, look like this:

Climate change is among the principal dangers facing people this century, and ocean levels are increasing dramatically. This essay will first suggest that the biggest problems caused by this phenomenon are the loss of land and the flooding of homes and then argue that pollution reduction and building flood protection are the most viable solutions.

It should be noted that this introduction does not contain a thesis statement. This is because this particular question does not ask us for our opinion. However, IELTS problem solution questions sometimes do ask you for your opinion, and you should then include a thesis statement.

Problems Paragraph 

Our problems paragraph will have this structure:

Sentence 1- State problems

Sentence 2- Explain first problem

Sentence 3- Explain second problem

Sentence 4- Example of second problem

State problems : The foremost problems caused by climbing sea levels are that land is being lost and peoples’ residences are often flooded.

Now that we have stated the problems, we must explain these. You should always consider your audience to be someone with no specialist knowledge in this area, and you, therefore, need to explain what everything means. Don’t assume that the IELTS examiner is educated and knows what you are talking about. These assumptions will stop you from writing what you need.

Explain first problem : As water levels rise, low-lying land is submerged, and many countries become smaller.

Explain second problem : Furthermore, millions of people worldwide live in coastal areas, and if the sea rises by even a few feet, they are inundated with water and lose their property.

Now we must give an example of what we are talking about. When we give an example, it should be as specific as possible.

An example of a very general example would be:

Lots of people in the world have experienced floods recently. 

This is far too general to be considered a good example.

Example : The devastation brought about by this was clear for all to see during the 2011 Tsunami in Japan, in which millions of people were displaced.

This example is much more specific. Stating a place and/or date can help you make your examples more specific.

Our second paragraph will look like this:

The foremost problems caused by climbing sea levels are that land is being lost and people’s residences are often flooded. As water levels rise, low-lying land is submerged, and many countries become smaller. Furthermore, millions of people worldwide live in coastal areas, and if the sea rises by even a few feet, they are inundated with water and lose their property. This devastation was clear for all to see during the 2011 Tsunami in Japan, in which millions of people were displaced.

Now we must move on to our solutions.

Solutions Paragraph

Our solutions paragraph will have this structure:

Sentence 1- State solutions

Sentence 2- Explain solution to first problem

Sentence 3- Explain solution to second problem

Sentence 4- Example of solution to second problem

State solutions : Possible solutions to these problems would be to reduce the amount of pollution created and build flood barriers.

We now need to explain how our solution will help solve the problem. Again, do not assume that the examiner has any specialist knowledge of this topic, so you need to explain what you mean.

Explain first solution: If each person reduces their carbon footprint, the negative effects on the environment will be reduced, which will mean that the water level will stop rising.

Explain second solution : Furthermore, flood defences, such as dikes, dams, and floodgates, could be built along coasts and waterways, thereby stopping the water from reaching populated areas.

Example : The Netherlands is one of the most populated areas in the world and one of the most vulnerable to flooding. They have successfully employed various flood defence systems.

Our whole solutions paragraph will look like this:

Possible solutions to these problems would be to reduce the amount of pollution being created and to build flood barriers. If each person reduces their carbon footprint, the negative effects on the environment will be reduced, which will mean that the water level will stop rising. Furthermore, flood defences, such as dikes, dams, and floodgates, could be built along coasts and waterways, thereby stopping the water from reaching populated areas. The Netherlands is one of the most populated areas in the world and also one of the most vulnerable to flooding, and they have successfully employed various flood defence systems.

We have now answered the question and need to sum up what we have said in the conclusion.

The conclusion should have no new ideas but instead should list the main points from the previous two paragraphs. You can also use synonyms in this paragraph to avoid repetition.

Conclusion : To conclude, stemming the rising tides caused by increasing global temperatures is one of the foremost challenges we face, and it will ultimately lead to some countries losing landmass and many of the world’s cities being left underwater, but possible solutions could be to protect our environment and to utilise the flood prevention techniques already used by countries like Holland.

Our whole conclusion for this problem solution essay will look like this:

To conclude, stemming the rising tides caused by increasing global temperatures is one of the foremost challenges we face, and it will ultimately lead to some countries losing landmass and many of the world’s cities being left underwater, but possible solutions could be to protect our environment and to utilise the flood prevention techniques already used by countries like Holland.

Problem and Solution Sample Essay

Here is the whole essay:

Climate change is among the principal dangers facing people this century, and ocean levels are increasing dramatically. This essay will first suggest that the biggest problems caused by this phenomenon are the loss of land and the flooding of homes and then argue that pollution reduction and building flood protection are the most viable solutions. The foremost problems caused by climbing sea levels are that land is being lost and peoples’ residences are often flooded. As water levels rise, low-lying land is submerged and many countries become smaller. Furthermore, millions of people all over the world live in coastal areas, and if the sea rises by even a few feet, they are inundated with water and lose their property. The devastation brought about by this was clear for all to see during the 2011 Tsunami in Japan, in which millions of people were displaced. Possible solutions to these problems would be to reduce the amount of pollution being created and to build flood barriers. If each person reduces their carbon footprint, the negative effects on the environment will be reduced and this will mean that the water level will stop rising. Furthermore, flood defences, such as dikes, dams, and floodgates, could be built along coasts and waterways, thereby stopping the water reaching populated areas. The Netherlands is one of the most populated areas in the world and also one of the most vulnerable to flooding and they have successfully employed various flood defence systems. To conclude, stemming the rising tides caused by increasing global temperatures is one of the foremost challenges we face and it will ultimately lead to some countries losing landmass and many of the worlds’ cities being left underwater, but possible solutions could be to protect our environment and to utilise the flood prevention techniques already used by countries like Holland.

I hope this post helps you with IELTS problem solution essays, and if you have any questions, please comment below.

Next Steps 

If you found this lesson useful and it has helped you write a problem solution essay, you should also check out our lessons on task 2 opinions essays , discussion essays and advantages and disadvantages essays .

Do you need me to correct your essays and give you feedback on them? Check out our essay correction service .

The best way to keep up to date with posts like this is to like us on Facebook. There are also lots of practice activities for you to do on the Facebook page.

About Christopher Pell

My name is Christopher Pell and I'm the Managing Director of IELTS Advantage.

I started IELTS Advantage as a simple blog to help 16 students in my class. Several years later, I am very humbled that my VIP Course has been able to help thousands of people around the world to score a Band 7+ in their IELTS tests.

If you need my help with your IELTS preparation, you can send me an email using the contact us page.

• How to answer problem/solution essay questions in writing task 2 
• IELTS Writing Task 2

Of all the questions students come across in their IELTS exams every year, the problem/solutions essay questions are the most challenging ones. The way they are presented in the question paper is often difficult to comprehend by a majority of students. 

What these questions expect you to do is write about a problem, its cause and effect, along with providing a reasonable and logical solution to the issue posed. There might be a few times where you will only be asked to pen down suitable solutions to the problems, and not the other way around! 

It is very important that you are able to analyze what the examiner expects from you. Let’s understand the problem/solution essay questions step by step and learn how to answer them better! 

What are problem/solution essay questions? 

Problem/solution essay question is a part of the writing task two in almost every IELTS exam. The questions are based on a contemporary statement, that is going to be followed by two questions. You will be required to identify the problem, the cause of the problem, and suggest a desirable solution to the same problem. 

To answer a problem/solution essay question, you must analyze the question in advance, carefully in order to understand what is required to be done. In order to gain an edge over the others in the exams, it is expected that you highlight the keywords and your opinions in the answer sheet. 

A typical problem/solution essay question will look like the following: 

In the developed world, average life expectancy is increasing.  What problems will this cause for individuals and society? Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce the impact of ageing populations. 

The problem/solution essay questions need to be started with proper planning. You should carefully format the answer in your mind before you begin penning down your thoughts. You should have all the points clearly in front of you, including the main causes and the desired solution, only then can you sufficiently answer the question. 

Marking criteria 

The marketing criteria for all the answers in any writing task in your IELTS exam, including the problem/solution essay will be based on the following four basis: 

1. Task response 

Your score under this criterion will depend on how well you are in terms of paying attention to the requirements of the question. It will also depend on your skills being relevant in terms of the questions. Going off-topic and not making sense will only lead you to a lower score spectrum.  

2. Cohesion and coherence 

Concisely crafted pieces, written in not more than four paragraphs with a logically central idea is what your examiner is looking for. Your score in this criterion depends on your ability to present your ideas in a structured manner, with the right linking words supporting the body of the written piece and having a central topic flowing in a particular paragraph. 

3. Lexical resources and vocabulary 

You can score well in this particular section by keeping in mind just three things: 

1. Your ability to use appropriate words 

2. Your ability to use the words in their right collocative manner 

3. And, your ability to spell those words right. 

These three tips will go a long way as far as this particular section is concerned. 

4. Grammar range and accuracy 

Errors must not be made in the most common grammar rules. You must avoid using the wrong tenses and the wrong verbs as much as possible. Also, you must not forget to focus on the sentence structure and syntax, word order in the sentence, as well as the correct punctuation marks. 

Each criterion carries a 25% weightage in order to determine your final score for that answer.

How to answer a problem/solution essay question

A problem/solution answer is crafted out of three basic elements:

• An introduction 
• Two main paragraphs 
• And, a conclusion

Your introduction must consist of three sentences. 

• First, you will have to present a background statement, that is going to be a general statement highlighting the problem presented in the question. 
• The second sentence will be the paraphrasing of the question, i.e. rewriting the question in our own words. 
• The third part of the introduction involves a thesis statement presented by you. In this statement, you need to explain to the examiner what your goals are regarding the upcoming answer. The ideas that you are going to be presenting in the following body paragraphs should be presented here in a brief manner. 

Once you are done with your introduction, it is now time to begin writing the main body paragraphs to your answer. 

Body paragraphs will be divided into two parts, consisting of a few sentences each. 

In the first body paragraph, you must begin writing about the prominent problem that is present in the question itself. You should explain the problem, talk about the key points, and support those relevant points with accurate examples. Finally, when you move on to the second body paragraph, you must end the first paragraph with a closing statement, i.e. the sentence that is going to act as a transition between the two paragraphs. 

The second body paragraph will have you writing about the possible solutions to the problems presented in the question. You need to explain your viewpoints, explain them clearly and diligently, and support your opinions with a logical explanation and an example. You will not tie up all the loose ends and end the second body paragraph with a closing statement. 

Your conclusion must be simple, crisp, and all-inclusive. 

Your problem/solution essay answer will end with a conclusion that will wrap up the final answer to this task. Your conclusion must begin with phrases like “To conclude” or “To sum up” and so on. This will be followed up by briefly describing what solutions and problems you talked about in your essay, or you could also again paraphrase the question supporting it with the solution briefly. 

There is no specific requirement to actually state your opinion on the problem/solution essay questions in the IELTS exam. However, it is recommended that you are offering your opinions or recommendations at least in the final conclusion paragraph, instead of the introduction paragraph. 

Planning ahead 

Before beginning to write your answer down, you must plan in advance correctly. 

You must analyze the question once you read it, before starting to pen down your thoughts randomly. Comprehending the question gives you the idea of what is expected out of you for that particular question. Frame out the structure of your answer correctly, in your mind, before you begin writing. 

Ensure you are using keywords present in the question prompt and the keywords are being highlighted properly. You lose the edge over other candidates when you are not undertaking the practice of not highlighting the keywords. 

Use formal language, brainstorm all the ideas, opinions, and keywords before you start writing, without having to push yourself to get the best answer. 

Avoid making spelling mistakes, or grammatical errors. Even if you do not have the best answers, avoiding spelling mistakes and grammatical errors are going to give you an edge over the others. 

Write fast. Write as fast as you can, of course in a legible manner. 

What should you not do? There are multiple things that you must avoid doing while presenting your answer to a problem/solution essay question.  Answering the question without having supporting explanations, arguments, or examples. Always, always ensure that you have explanations and examples that support your arguments in the answer.  Not being able to answer all parts to the question. Always make sure you are answering both parts presented in the question. Avoid skipping any one part. There are two parts present in the question for a reason, never skip a part. To avoid this mistake, always spare a few minutes to plan your answer in advance.   Avoid repeating words in your answer. Broaden your vocabulary horizon, ensure you are using different synonyms, wherever possible, throughout the essay.  Do not exceed the word limit to your answer. Stick to the safe zone as far as the number of words is concerned. Though there is no upper cap, still stick to a healthy word limit, i.e. 260-280 words.  Structuring your essay correctly is extremely important. Not being able to follow the basic structure of your essay reflects the lack of planning. Planning your answer in advance will lead you to have a cohesive and coherent answer, following the framework that is required. 

Follow our YouTube channel “ Unlock IELTS with Richa ” for more such great tips and tricks to crack your upcoming IELTS exam in an easy way. All the best! 

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IELTS Writing Topics April & May 2024

The collection of writing topics that were reported by IELTS student in 2024 . These questions could be repeated from previous months. Keep in mind that the provided questions are not predictions.

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IELTS Solution Essay Sample Questions

Below is a list of IELTS solution essay sample questions. These types of essays are usually ask you to either give solutions or causes and solutions.

IELTS Solution Essay Tips

• read the instructions carefully – do you need to give only solutions or both causes and solutions
• spend time planning your main points and supporting points
• put the causes in one body paragraph and the solutions in another
• use flexible language of cause and consequences
• use a safe solution essay model to follow

Solution Essay Questions

In many developing countries, there is a problem with declining quality of air and water from both industry and construction. What measures could be taken to prevent this?

With the development of social media, more and more youngsters are being allowed unsupervised access to the internet in order to meet and chat with friends which can lead to potentially dangerous situations. What solutions can you suggest to deal with this problem?

Overpopulation in many major urban centers around the world is a major problem. What are the causes of this? How can this problem be solved?

More and more wild animals are on the verge of extinction and others are on the endangered list. What are the reasons for this? What can be done to solve this problem?

Many small, local shops are closing as they are unable to compete with large supermarkets in the area. How does this effect local communities? How could this situation be improved?

An increasing number of professionals, such as doctors and teachers, are leaving their own poorer countries to work in developed countries. What problems does this cause? What solutions can you suggest to deal with this situation?

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IELTS Writing Task 2: Causes/Solutions Sample Essay

The “cause and solution” style of IELTS Writing Task 2 question presents a common social problem; your job is to identify the causes of the problem and propose ways the problem could be solved. For more information on this type of Writing Task 2 question, including tips and tricks, you can go to Magoosh’s guide to the different kinds of IELTS Writing Task 2 questions . And here in this post, we’ll go through a full causes and solutions model question and sample response.

The response itself is written at the band 9 level. After you read the essay, there is more explanation as to why this essay gets top marks. And to write a similarly high scored essay, check out our IELTS Writing Task 2 template .

Causes/Solutions Model Essay

This essay is a response to the sample prompt immediately below.

Sample Task

Many large cities around the world lack affordable housing. What problems does a lack of affordable housing cause? How can these problems be overcome? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words.

Sample Essay (Band 9)

In almost every part of the world, expensive housing is closely associated with urban life. This is the underlying cause of many different problems, and civic planners are struggling to find solutions. I believe that the biggest, most important problem caused by high housing prices is homelessness. In my opinion, this problem can be addressed through rent control and welfare payments to low-income people.

Expensive urban housing leads to homelessness both directly and indirectly. The housing costs themselves cause some people to lose their homes, but such costs also drive up general prices, which can indirectly cause homelessness. For example, if a grocery store itself pays high rent, it must charge everyone more for food. This in turn forces landlords to charge more for rent in order to feed themselves. Once that happens, their tenants may have trouble paying the higher rent while also paying for more expensive food.

To reduce homelessness and make it easier for people to afford housing, I propose a twofold solution: limits on rent prices and increased welfare payments to the poor. Legally limiting rent fees will make housing much more affordable, while welfare payments can help people deal with the high costs of other goods. To give an example, if the government provides low-income people extra money for food, those people, in turn, have more room in their budget to pay rent. By employing both approaches, rent costs are directly reduced, and costs that compete with rent also go down.

In short, while expensive housing and homelessness are serious problems in cities, regulations and public assistance can help. The right kind of regulations will not only reduce the price of housing but also reduce general cost of living. This kind of government action is a win-win for everyone, whether they are homeless or not.

Word count: 300

Explanation of the Score

This essay meets all of the requirements for Band 9 in Task Achievement, Coherence and Cohesion, Lexical Resource, and Grammatical Range and Accuracy; these are the categories seen in the official IELTS Writing Task 2 band descriptors . To understand this essay’s strengths, carefully read the level 9 descriptors in that document. And to further understand why an essay might receive a band 9, see the detailed score report at the bottom of Magoosh’s sample band 9 discussion essay for IELTS Writing Task 2 .

Additional Model Essays for Task 2

Would you like to see sample essays for all of the most common Writing Task 2 question types on the IELTS? At the links below, Magoosh has you covered!

• Advantage/Disadvantage Essay
• Two-Part Question Essay
• Discussion Essay
• Agree/Disagree Essay

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IELTS Problem Solution Essays

Problem solution essays are a type of essay question sometimes given to you in the test. 

In this type of essay you need to discuss the problems with regards to a particular topic and then suggest possible solutions to these problems.

You can also watch a video of this lesson:

One of the first things you want to make sure that you are able to do is identfy one of these questions when it arises. 

Here are some examples of this type of question.

Examples of Problem Solution Essay Questions:

Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems.

Identify one or two serious ones and suggest ways that governments and individuals can tackle these problems.

Nowadays many people have access to computers on a wide basis and a large number of children play computer games.

What are the negative impacts of playing computer games and what can be done to minimize the bad effects?

The internet has transformed the way information is shared and consumed, but it has also created problems that did not exist before.

What are the most serious problems associated with the internet and what solutions can you suggest?

In the developed world, average life expectancy is increasing.

What problems will this cause for individuals and society?

Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce the impact of ageing populations.

An important note. Some essays ask for  reasons  and solutions, not problems and solutions. Writing about a reason (or cause) is not the same as writing about a problem.

Check these  model essays  to see the difference.

IELTS Problem Solution Essay Example 

In order to understand these types of problem solution essays further and how to organize your writing, we'll look at a problem solution example essay:

Model Answer

The enormous growth in the use of the internet over the last decade has led to radical changes to the way that people consume and share information. Although serious problems have arisen as a result of this, there are solutions.

One of the first problems of the internet is the ease with which children can access potentially dangerous sites. For example, pornography sites are easily accessible to them because they can register with a site and claim to be an adult. There is no doubt that this affects their thoughts and development, which is a negative impact for the children and for society. Another major problem is the growth of online fraud and hacking. These days, there are constant news stories about government and company websites that have been hacked, resulting in sensitive information falling into the hands of criminals.

It is important that action is taken to combat these problems. Governments should ensure that adequate legislation and controls are in place that will prevent young people from accessing dangerous sites, such as requiring more than simply confirming that you are an adult to view a site. Parents also have a part to play. They need to closely monitor the activities of their children and restrict their access to certain sites, which can now be done through various computer programs. Companies must also improve their onsite IT security systems to make fraud and hacking much more difficult by undertaking thorough reviews of their current systems for weaknesses.

To conclude, the internet is an amazing technological innovation that has transformed people’s lives, but not without negative impacts. However, with the right action by individuals, governments and businesses, it can be made a safe place for everyone.

(285 words)

Writing about Problems

From the problem solution essay, look at the problems paragraph, and answer the following questions (then click on the link below to see the answers):

• How many problems are discussed?
• What are they?
• What expressions are used to introduce the problems?
• How are the problems illustrated further?
• What results are discussed for each problem?

Show / hide answers

1) How many problems are discussed?

2) What are they?

children can access potentially dangerous sites growth of online fraud and hacking

3) What expressions are used to introduce the problems?

One of the first problems of the internet is... Another major problem is...

4) How are the problems illustrated further?

For example, pornography sites are easily accessible to them because they can register with a site and claim to be an adult. These days, there are constant news stories about government and company websites that have been hacked.

5) What results are discussed for each problem?

There is no doubt that this affects their thoughts and development, which is a negative impact for the children and for society.

...resulting in sensitive information falling into the hands of criminals.

Your answers to these questions should tell you a lot about how to plan and organize a problem paragraph.

You only need two or three problems as remember you do not have much time and you need to explain the problems.

When you brainstorm your ideas for problem solution essays, think about  (a)   what the problem is   (b)   how you will explain it   (c)   and what the effect is . Your paragraph will then follow this pattern.

Here is an example of the brainstorming for this paragraph:

Problem 1:   children can access potentially dangerous sites

• Explanation / Example:   Pornography sites
• Result:  Affects thought & development - negative for children & society

Problem 2:  growth of online fraud and hacking

• Explanation / Example:   Evident from the constant news stories
• Result:  Criminals get sensitive information

Here they are illustrated in the paragraph, with the introductory expressions underlined:

One of the first problems of the internet is the ease with which children can access potentially dangerous sites . For example, pornography sites are easily accessible to them because they can register with a site and claim to be an adult . There is no doubt that this affects their thoughts and development, which is a negative impact for the children and for society . Another major problem is the growth of online fraud and hacking . These days, there are constant news stories about government and company websites that have been hacked , resulting in sensitive information falling into the hands of criminals.

Writing about Solutions

Answer the following questions about the solutions paragraph:

• How many solutions are given?
• What three different groups of people does the writer say are responsble for these solutions?
• How would the solutions be implemented?
• What three modal verb structures are used to make the suggestions?

1) How many solutions are given?

adequate legislation and controls monitor the activities of children / restrict access improve company IT security systems

3) What three different groups of people does the writer say are responsble for these solutions?

Governments Parents Companies

Stricter criteria for accessing sites Using computer programs Reviewing current IT systems for weaknesses

5) What three modal verb structures are used to make the suggestions?

should need to must

Your answers to these questions provide you with some key tips on writing a solutions paragraph. Some of these points are now explained further.

The people involved

When you come to brainstorm your solutions, think of the key 'actors' who are involved. It is usually governments and individuals in some way or another.

There may be another group specifically realted to the topic. For example, in this case it is companies and parents. If you are discussing crime it could be the police. If it is violence on TV it could be TV and film producers.

You can then brainstorm your ideas under each 'group' and organize them in the same way.

Developing your solutions

Also, try to make sure your solutions are not too simplistic. It's all too easy to make sweeping generalizations about what people can do. For example, look at this idea:

The government should introduce stricter laws.

It it common to see such statements in IELTS problem solution essays with no further explantion. Give more detail about how or why this would work. For example:

Governments should ensure that adequate legislation and controls are in place that will prevent young people from accessing dangerous sites, such as requiring more than simply confirming that you are an adult to view a site.

Some specific detail has now been given on how this solution could work.

Modal Verbs

Modal verbs can be used to make suggestions in problem solution essays. These are usually found in solutions paragraphs.

Check out this grammar lesson if you are unsure how to use modal verbs .

Here again is a plan for the problem solution essay for the solutions paragraph:

Solution 1:   Governments

• Idea:   Adequate legislation and controls  for young people
• How:  More complex website access criteria

Solution 2:  Parents

• Idea:   Monitor children and restrict access
• How:  Use a computer program

Solution 3:   Companies

• Idea:   Improve IT security systems
• How:  Review current systems in place

Here is the paragraph again. Note how it follows the plan and the clear topic sentence that tells the reader the essay is moving on to discuss solutions (modals verbs are underlined):

It is important that action is taken to combat these problems. Governments should ensure that adequate legislation and controls are in place that will prevent young people from accessing dangerous sites , such as requiring more than simply confirming that you are an adult to view a site . Parents also have a part to play. They need to closely monitor the activities of their children and restrict their access to certain sites , which can now be done through various computer programs. Companies must also improve their onsite IT security systems to make fraud and hacking much more difficult by undertaking thorough reviews of their current systems for weaknesses.

More Task 2 IELTS Lessons:

Writing an IELTS Essay Introduction

Tips on how to write an introduction for an IELTS essay introduction in a quick and easy way.

How to Identify the Topic of an IELTS Essay Question

In IELTS you must identify the topic of your essay as this is a key to making sure your essay is on topic.

How to Identify the Task in an IELTS Essay

Learn how to identify the task in an IELTS task 2 essay question. This is one of the most important steps in responding to an essay question.

How to use brainstorming and planning to generate essay ideas.

Brainstorming and planning is a key step in developing your IELTS essay. This lesson has tips on how to coming up with ideas and organising them.

Improving Writing Coherence for IELTS essays

25% of the writing grade is on how you organise your essay so this lesson shows you how to improve your writing coherence.

Using Pronouns to Improve IELTS Essay Coherency

Find out how to use pronouns to improve your coherency for IELTS task 2 essays.

The 3 Types of IELTS Opinion Essays in IELTS

IELTS opinion essays in IELTS can be placed into three types. This lesson explains the different types and how to analyse these essay questions.

Tips on How to Score IELTS Band 8 in Writing and Speaking

To score IELTS Band 8 you need to understand exactly what is in the IELTS Band Descriptors for an 8 for writing and speaking first.

IELTS Music Essay: Understanding a Complex Question

An IELTS essay about music is used to show you how to answer a more complex IELTS essay question that does not have a clear 'task' given to you.

Requirements for IELTS Band 7 in Writing

Getting to an IELTS Band 7 is a struggle for many candidates. This lesson explains exactly what you have to do to reach this band score.

Generating ideas for IELTS essays for writing task 2

Generating ideas for IELTS essays for writing task 2 can be difficult but complex ideas are not expected.

Paragraph Writing for IELTS: Building strong arguments

This paragraph writing lesson provides tips on constructing the best paragraphs for your IELTS essay.

How to Write an IELTS Essay: The key steps

Learn key steps on how to write an IELTS Essay. This guides you on how to write a great essay plus other lessons to improve your writing skills.

IELTS Advantage Disadvantage Essay Tips and Strategies

An advantage disadvantage essay is one type of essay that you may get in the test. This lesson shows how to write a pros cons essay.

Using Substitution in IELTS to Improve Writing Coherency

You can use substitution in your IELTS essays in order to improve coherency and coherence.

IELTS Task Response - 25% of your essay grade

The IELTS Task Response criteria in the scoring makes up 25% of your band score for your essay.

Writing an IELTS Essay Conclusion

The IELTS essay conclusion is the final part of your IELTS essay. This lesson guides you on how to write a conclusion quickly but effectively.

Can you use Personal Pronouns in Essays for IELTS?

Learn how to use personal pronouns in essays for IELTS correctly. Can you use "I", "we" and "you"?

Transitional Phrases for Essays

Learn transitional phrases for essays to get a band 7 or higher in your IELTS writing for coherence and cohesion.

Thesis Statement Tips for IELTS Essays

Your thesis statement in an IELTS essay should be written quickly and concisely. Use these tips to do that.

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IELTS Writing Task 2: Problem-solution Essay with Tips, Structure, Sample answer and Vocabulary

This post deals with IELTS Writing Task 2, essay writing. In this post, I’m discussing how to handle a problem-solution a topic where candidates are asked to present the effects or results of unlimited use of cars. They are also asked to decide whether discouraging people to use cars might be a good solution or not. The special tips, structuring, and  sample answer,  provided here is an excellent one that you can follow to achieve a higher band score. Also, take a look at the use of different vocabularies which I’ve explained at the end of the post with explanations. You should write some of the words and try to make sentences for your English language improvement.

Title or rubric of the essay:

People around the world now use more cars than ever. the unlimited use of cars may cause many problems. what kind of problems do you think cars may cause in order to minimize the problems, should we discourage people to use cars, special tips:.

For problem-solution topics, firstly, you must plan on the answer you will write.

Think about some common effects of the over-use of cars such as environmental problems, traffic jams, and accidents.

For the solution part, you must propose at least 2/3 solutions. You must also support or refute the solution proposed in the question and show reasons.

Your essay structure will look somewhat like the one below:

Sample answer:

There is no denying that having a car has become an essential part of many people’s lives in this modern world. Such a transport offers flexibility to human life and work. It also provides ready access to an array of services and leisure options. However, unlimited use of cars also causes a variety of problems that need to be addressed.

Most of the problems associated with frequent car use are becoming increasingly familiar to mass people. The extensive use of cars has real environmental costs. Vehicles are prime sources of urban air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Environmental experts suggest that road traffic is the source of one-third of all harmful air pollution in the world. Car exhaust seriously contributes to acid rain, carbon dioxide, and lead, which are accountable for global warming and health hazards. Another problem is the number of traffic jams spotted almost every day during rush hour. This is because using cars is becoming more popular than walking, cycling or using public transport. The most alarming matter, however, is that cars are less safe compared to all other transport. It causes deadly accidents with huge numbers of casualties every year.

It is suggested by many that the use of cars should be discouraged which I cannot support much. I think such decisions would lead to shrinking mobility for people and a decline in the car industry. In my opinion, a much better solution would be for car manufacturers to devise more eco-friendly cars, which can run on hydrogen or solar power. Moreover, traffic jams can be alleviated by constructing more underground tunnels, ring roads, one-way systems, and parking garages. Besides, safety issues can be avoided by educating drivers as well as pedestrians to be more cautious on the road.

Therefore, to sum up, I believe that discouraging car use might seem a quick solution to many problems currently facing society, but it is most unlikely to be a permanent solution.

Word count: 315

Vocabulary practice:

Deny: to refuse, to reject

I’m not denying that it was her fault.

Essential: important, necessary, crucial, vital

Education is an essential part of our life.

Flexibility: Easiness, litheness, suppleness

Cars offer flexibility in our life.

Array: Range, group

There is an array of colors in the shop.

Address: to tackle, to deal with

We must address this problem as soon as possible.

Associated: Linked, connected, related

There are a few problems associated with it.

Frequent: Common, regular

This is a frequent matter for us.

Extensive: Widespread, wide-ranging

The extensive use of those drugs can cause harm to your body.

Prime: Major, main, chief, key

Computers are the prime source of knowledge for the young generation nowadays.

Exhaust: Waste gases

Car exhaust is responsible for air pollution.

Accountable: Responsible, liable

Your bad attitude is accountable for your failure.

Hazard: Danger, risk

This food has some health hazards .

Rush hour: a period of heavy traffic

Traffic jam occurs mostly during rush hours .

Alarming: Disturbing, shocking, upsetting, frightening

It has become an alarming issue .

Casualty: victim, dead person, injured person, wounded person

There were some casualties in this accident.

Discourage: Dispirit, dampen, dishearten

She was discouraged by her mother to go there.

Shrinking: reduced, lessened

This would lead to a shrinking support for the community.

Mobility: the ability to move about

Cars offer personal mobility to a wide range of areas.

Manufacturer: Maker, producer

The manufacturer of the product is Nestle.

Devise: Plan, work out, prepare, make

We must devise some new designs for the roads.

Eco-friendly: Ecological, environment-friendly

This product is eco – friendly .

Alleviate: Lessen, diminish, reduce

Poverty must be alleviated .

Issue: Problem

Pedestrian: Walker, hiker

This road is for pedestrians only.

Cautious: Careful, watchful, vigilant, alert

We need to be cautious about this experiment.

Unlikely: Improbable, doubtful

It is unlikely that government will go for such a decision.

Permanent: Enduring, lasting, durable, long-lasting

This is not a permanent solution.

Here is the end of the post.

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IELTS Writing Task 2: Most popular 50+ Essay Topics of 2024

• Updated On February 27, 2024
• Published In IELTS Preparation 💻

The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) writing section is a 1-hour test that comprises two questions: task 1 and task 2, which assess your vocabulary, grammar, word count, collocations, and ability to construct complex sentences with moderation and without repetition. 

Table of Contents

To begin, it is pivotal to understand that the IELTS essay topics vary for IELTS Academic and IELTS General Training Tasks. In Task 1 of IELTS Academic, you must write a report on a graph, diagram or chart, whereas, for IELTS General Training Task 1, you must write a letter. Task 2 of the General and Academic modules is essay writing; while the topics for essays in both modules may differ, the essay writing strategy remains the same. 

Examiners use the following criteria to calculate Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 and Task 2 scores: Task Achievement, Task Response, Coherence, Grammatical Range and Accuracy, and Lexical Resource.

IELTS Writing Task 2 for Academic

The IELTS Academic Writing section consists of two tasks that must be completed in one hour: 

Writing Task 1

In Task 1, you are assigned a graph, visual information, table or chart, which you are required to describe in your own words. You must write a report in 150 words, accurately describing what the information in the graph or picture represents. The IELTS writing task 1 marking criteria accounts for 33% of the total IELTS writing evaluation score, and you should try to finish this part in 20 minutes or less because IELTS writing task 2 is more difficult and will take at least 40 minutes to complete.

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Writing Task 2

 IELTS writing task 2 marking criteria has a 66% weightage, where you must complete a 250-word essay in 40 minutes. Candidates must respond to a problem, a point of view, or an argument in this task, with a curated response. The essay’s content should be written with perfect grammar and focused solely on the topic. As task 2 holds more weight, candidates should devote significant time to it and ensure a properly curated essay for a good band score. 

Let us now review some fundamentals of IELTS essay structure that you can apply to this task. A typical writing piece includes an introduction, the main body consisting of a few paragraphs, and a conclusion. In the introduction, you should write the context of your issue and a thesis statement representing the main idea of your text.

The central section of your essay will discuss various facts and arguments that support or oppose the thesis statement. Finally, restate the thesis statement, bolstering it with new details from the main body. 

Here’s a list of the latest IELTS essay topics and sample questions to help you efficiently prepare for task 2 of the IELTS Writing section.

Latest IELTS Essay Topics for 202 4

IELTS essay writing topics are usually based on current events and world affairs. You will find a series of essay writing topics for IELTS in the following listicles. Also, one of the most effective ways to prepare for answering essays in the Writing section of IELTS is to work on the sample essay questions. The topic categories and essay writing samples to help students looking for the latest IELTS essay topics are stated below:

Environment

• Environmental Crisis: One of the most common topics in IELTS is the environment essay IELTS band 9. Many students, however, do not see the need to prepare for this because it is one of the most specific topics resulting in a loss of marks. 

Click here for the Environmental Crisis essay sample and answers for practice.

• Global Warming: It is common for IELTS speaking and writing sections to include questions about broad discussion topics, such as climate change, the greenhouse effect, global warming, and deforestation.

Click here for the Global Warming essay format, sample and answers for practice.

• Sustainable Energy: If you are unfamiliar with the framework and concepts of an essay, it can be a daunting task. All of the sentences must be related and formed in such a way that they provide a clear view and information. You may be penalised if you veer off-topic while writing your essay. Sustainable energy and nuclear power topics are debated topics; hence practising them will give you an edge over your peers. 

Click here for the Sustainable Energy essay structure, sample and answers for practice.

• Fossil Fuels: The IELTS essay topics for writing task 2 are usually based on common themes frequently discussed in the average aspirant’s daily life. One such theme is the use of renewable energy sources in place of nonrenewable resources such as fossil fuels.

Click here for the Fossil Fuels essay sample and answers for practice.

Personality

• Importance of First Impression:  IELTS examiners have a short attention span and read hundreds of essays daily. Hence, it is pivotal for you to get the start right and make a good first impression in your First Impression is Important IELTS essay.

Click here for the Personality essay sample and answers for practice.

• Hobbies: ‘Hobbies’ is a common theme in both the IELTS Writing Task 2 and the Speaking section. This is a simple, mark-fetching topic with few challenges for students taking the exam.

Click here for the Hobbies essay sample and answers for practice.

• Fashion: Fashion is a recurring topic with global themes and one of the best topics to practise your public speaking skills.

Click here for the Fashion essay sample and answers for practice.

• Importance of Leisure Activities and School Values: The IELTS Essay on Education is one of the most challenging tasks, with unpredictable questions in the exam. These education essay topics, like the Importance of leisure activities, are opinion-driven and assess students’ ability to express their knowledge and skills thoughtfully.

Click here for the Education essay sample and answers for practice.

• Government and Society: As an IELTS exam candidate, you should review as many common topics for Writing Task 2 as possible. One such common IELTS test theme is government and society, with which you should be well-acquainted. 

Click here for the Government and Society essay sample and answers for practice.

• Ideal Society: Candidates should practise sample questions and answers for the Ideal Society IELTS essay to gain a firm grasp on writing and vocabulary and improve their overall band score.

Click here for the Ideal Society essay sample and answers for practice.

• Social Media: Social media essays are a popular topic in IELTS writing task 2. For a social media IELTS essay band 9 and similar topics, the most straightforward approach is maintaining the proper word count and being aware of various approaches to the topic.

Click here for the Social Media essay sample and answers for practice.

Business & Global Consumerism

• International Trade: Over the years, one of the topics covered in the IELTS exam has been global business. Your answer for such topics should contain everything; your responses, solutions, arguments, reasons, opinions, and evidence are critical to answering the question.

Click here for the International Trade essay sample and answers for practice.

• Management and Leadership: In any organisation, leadership and management are critical roles. Your essay for such topics should always be pertinent to the question.

Click here for the Management and Leadership essay sample and answers for practice.

• Foreign Languages: Foreign languages and language barriers are recurring themes in the IELTS writing task 2. Express your own opinions on such topics. 

Click here for the Culture essay sample and answers for practice.

• Sports and children: Sport is a recurring theme, and the essay content should not deviate from the main points at any point in the essay.

Click here for the Sports essay sample and answers for practice. Covid 19

• Covid impact: The topics of IELTS Writing task 2 are usually drawn from current events worldwide, making Covid-19 an anticipated topic. 

Click here for the Covid 19 essay sample and answers for practice.

• Obesity: Overweight essays are among the most common topics in IELTS writing task 2. Obesity, recent trends in health among children and adults, and other similar topics may also be discussed in relation to overweight.

Click here for the Health essay sample and answers for practice.

Types of IELTS Essays

IELTS essay writing topics are usually classified under various sections. You can expect essays in the IELTS exam from any of the following types:

Opinion Essays 

In this essay category, you must discuss your opinion on the given topic. Naturally, the best way to score high in such essays is to have prior knowledge of common topics that are popular in the IELTS exam. 

Sample Questions:

• Most teenagers today own a smartphone. Provide your opinion to discuss the advantages and disadvantages.
• Crime novels and TV series have become quite popular in recent years. What is your opinion about these crime dramas?
• Developing nations often require international assistance. Many believe that this assistance should be monetary, while some think practical help and advice would be more beneficial. Discuss both these views along with your opinion.
• Many consider automobiles to be the biggest source of pollution in urban areas, while some believe industries are responsible for it. Explain both views and provide your opinion.
• Many people believe individuals involved with creative arts should be financially supported by the government. Some others believe they should find separate resources. Discuss each of the views and give your opinion.
• Some believe success in life comes from hard work, dedication, and motivation. While many believe success depends on other important factors like money and appearance. Discuss both views and provide your opinion. 
• Many think that governments should fund programs in search of life on other planets. However, others believe governments should focus on unresolved issues on the planet. Provide your opinion and discuss both views.

You can also check out this detailed guide on Opinion Essays to learn the appropriate structure for maximum scores!

Discussion Essays

In the case of discussion essays, the candidates need to put forward an explanation for or against any given topic. Such essays are the most common to appear in the IELTS exam. 

Sample Questions: 

• Many believe living in big cities comes with more advantages than residing in the countryside. Do you agree or disagree with this?
• The shopping habits of people depend more on their age group than on any other factors. Do you agree or disagree with this? 
• More and more children and minors are becoming overweight in developed nations. This is a major problem for most wealthy countries. Explain the causes and impacts of this issue.
• The internet is a great invention that brings a host of advantages for the world population. However, there are several issues in terms of security and control of personal data. Do you agree or disagree with this?
• Advertising prevents originality in people and makes them look the same and do the same. Do you agree or disagree with this?
• Parents today often tend to organise extra classes on weekends or even after school. Do you believe this is at all useful? Or do you think the education provided in school is sufficient?
• Some people believe that capital punishment should be done away with. Do you agree or disagree with this?

We have covered valuable tips & tricks to attempt Discussion Essays that can come in handy in your exam.

Solution Essays

For solution essays, you will have to provide a solution to a particular issue. At times, questions might be provided as to why a specific issue has occurred, and candidates have to provide their opinion on the answer.

• The massive movement of people from agricultural areas to cities in search of employment can lead to serious problems in both places. What are the problems, and how can these be solved? 

Check out our sample question and answer on Solution Essays for a more thorough explanation.

Advantage or Disadvantage Essays

In this type of essay, students have to write about a particular topic’s positive and negative sides. Such essays test your argument construction skills and how well you can use English to communicate your views as clearly and coherently as possible. 

• International tourism has greatly benefited many places. However, there have been major concerns about its impact on the local environment and inhabitants. Do the negative impacts of international tourism outweigh the benefits?
• Some countries have recently passed laws to restrict the daily working hours of employees. Explain whether this will have a positive or negative impact.
• More and more people today are visiting extreme places such as Antarctica or the Sahara desert. What are the advantages or disadvantages of such travels?
• Social media is gradually replacing in-person face-to-face contact with many people worldwide. Do the benefits of social media outweigh the disadvantages? 

Use the sample questions from the Advantage/Disadvantage Essay type to practise your writing skills.

Direct Question Essays

For this type of essay, the topics will be provided as direct questions, which students have to answer based on their experiences and thoughts.

• Shopping used to be a routine domestic task in the past. However, today, it has become more of a hobby. Is this a positive trend?
• You can get more information on these rare essay-type questions on our  Direct question essay structure blog.

Preparation Tips for IELTS Writing Task 2

Many students believe they don’t need to prepare much because they speak English reasonably well. Well, the IELTS exam is not that easy. In fact, even native English speakers may find the test difficult. As a result, candidates should prepare for this section rigorously and methodically and start early preparation.

• Begin your IELTS preparations at least 6 months before your intended test date, and ensure to devote some time daily to all 4 sections.
• Choose writing topics for both tasks, especially writing task 2, and try to write about them daily. Time yourself; remember that you must complete both tasks in one hour.
•  Spend significant time learning new vocabulary and brushing up on your grammatical skills. Following that is structured thinking, allowing you to convey your ideas logically. While writing, pay close attention to lucidity, logic, and clarity.
• You should expand your ideas because the IELTS writing task 2 could cover any topic. Go through all the resources like magazines, books, and online materials to expand your knowledge and vocabulary. Additionally, practice as many mock tests as possible. 

As mentioned above it’s only practice that can get you the desire scores. But along with it you also need the best preparation materials and guidance. And the best solution we suggest is to register for the LeapScholar IELTS courses . Along with live classes from the best IELTS tutors, you’ll also have access to mock tests, speaking and writing evaluations and comprehensive study materials. As a reward you’ll also receive a course completion certificate.

How to Answer Task 2 Essays in IELTS Writing Section?

Students can employ the following steps to successfully enhance their ability to answer essays in the Writing section:

Step 1: Read and Understand the Question

The first step to nailing task 2 essays is to read and understand the question carefully. Most of the time, candidates answer the question without understanding what it demands. Candidates should carefully analyse the question, identify the question type and try to identify the keywords. Finally, they should clearly understand the instructions and then attempt to answer.

Step 2: Plan the Answer

Once students have understood the question, they need to plan the structure of the answer. This will allow candidates to organise their ideas and produce a clear and coherent response. 

Step 3: Write a Solid Introduction

The introduction of the essay should give an idea of what the essay is all about. Make sure to write an appropriate introduction conveying the gist of the essay.

Step 4: Carefully Curate the Main Body

The main body is the essential part of the essay, where you must provide the necessary details. State your points accordingly and substantiate them with explanations, examples, and other relevant data. Once done, you need to give a proper conclusion.

Tips for IELTS Writing Task 2

Candidates can use the following tips to ace their IELTS Writing test:

Although IELTS is a difficult test to master, one can achieve a good score with systematic and consistent preparation. If you require assistance in acing your IELTS Writing Task 1 and 2, our Leap Scholar experts will provide the necessary guidance, tips, and tricks to help you pass your IELTS test with flying colours. If you are planning to prepare for the essay task in the Writing section, you can go through this comprehensive guide to get an idea about the latest IELTS essay topics. You can prepare for the essay task accordingly with the help of sample essay topics and questions provided in the above sections. 

Still unclear about some portions of IELTS, then enrol for IELTS professional coaching. IELTS Prep app by Leap Scholar is a one-stop solution for your study abroad dream. You can access specially crafted lessons by experts accredited by IDP, British Council, and Cambridge. About 1M + students have trusted us with their IELTS prep journey. Join us, download our IELTS prep app and get access to the best resources!

Frequently asked questions

How can you score well in ielts writing task 2.

Ans. IELTS Writing Task 2 mainly has four performance descriptors: Task Response, Cohesion & Coherence , Lexical Resource, and finally Grammatical range and accuracy. The scoring happens on four parameters, so follow these and prepare with the correct books and practice questions.

What are the most popular questions asked in IELTS Writing Task 2?

Ans. The different types of questions in IELTS Writing Task 2 include: Problem/ Causes questions, Opinion questions, Advantage/ Disadvantage questions, Discussion of views, etc.

What are the main themes on which IELTS Writing Task 2 questions are based on?

Ans. Some of the broad themes include Environment, Food, Health, Art, Business, Communication, Crime & Punishment and more. Ideas and topics are taken under these broad themes for question framing.

Is it necessary to use complex words in IELTS Writing section?

Ans. Having a good vocabulary is an added advantage. However, difficult words should not be forcefully put in sentences. Your sentences should be organic and should fit the meaning and the context of your essays.

 How to develop ideas for IELTS Writing Task 2 2024?

 Ans. The easiest ways to generate ideas for IELTS Writing Task 2 are by analyzing model essays, finding ideas on google, talking to experts, watching movies, asking yourself some questions about the topic, generating main ideas from specific examples.

How many mistakes are acceptable in IELTS Writing Task 2?

Ans. Making one or two mistakes is overlooked by the examiner if the overall essay is good. However, making more mistakes than that can lead to lower IELTS band score.

What are the basic topics in IELTS writing task 2?

Some of the common IELTS topics for Writing Task 2 are  Art, Environment, Education, Health, Jobs and Employment, Sport, Science and Technology Friends and Family, Government and Society etc.

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Problem Solution Essay Topic: Corruption

Updated On Oct 30, 2021

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Corruption becomes a common disease among several nations. What are the causes and measures to resolve this trend? Give your own examples and explain.

Cause and Solution Essay

Introduction

Paraphrase the topic of the essay using synonyms for the words used in the question.

Paragraph 1 – Corruption begins when moral values are compromised without guilt. When person A who is earning just enough to make ends meet,  suddenly has an emergency in the family, he/she is prone to bribery to manage the sudden family expenditure.

Paragraph 2 – There are several ways in which corruption can be controlled. The government has to enforce strict laws against bribery. Moral guilt may easily be compromised, but fear of punishment and losing social reputation may prevent people from taking bribes.

Conclude the essay by summarizing the topic.

Sample Essay

Corruption has been there for ages, and the universal community has been worrying over it for quite a long time. It has permeated into every aspect of government in almost all countries in the world. It has ruined the lives of millions of people. Now and then, there are voices rising against it. But they die down very soon. Primary causes of corruption are human tendencies to make quick and easy money. But it can be controlled by enforcing strict laws.

Corruption begins when moral values are compromised without guilt. When person A who is earning just enough to make ends meet,  suddenly has an emergency in the family, he/she is prone to bribery to manage the sudden family expenditure. Soon, guilt vanishes, and it becomes a practice. After a while, it becomes a demand. It also occurs when human greed for money is exploited. For example, Person B in power may be corrupt for various reasons. Some of them are to remain continuously in position and to multiply wealth. But both A and B resort to corruption due to lack of fear of punishment.

There are several ways in which corruption can be controlled. The government has to enforce strict laws against bribery. Moral guilt may easily be compromised, but fear of punishment and losing social reputation may prevent people from taking bribes. The government can increase the salaries for its employees. For people with power, they have to be removed from office once spotted taking bribes. When it becomes a threat to their position, they will refrain from corruption. Media must project stories about the lives of people who have become successful, by remaining honest. 

In summary, corruption occurs in all levels of the government due to lack of fear of punishment. It can be eliminated by making stringent laws and motivating the people by publicising the lives of honest people in high positions.

Band 9 Sample Essay

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Today, we live in a society that is governed under the aegis of democracy. The basic idea of a democratic republic is based on the values of equality and fair treatment of the citizens, regardless of their class, creed and gender. However, in this day and age, this system has been degraded by the forces of deception and fraudulence. The channels of such malpractices in the realm of public service can be varied but have a common motive of acquiring wealth and power. In the following paragraphs, I will elaborate on the reasons behind government degeneracy and suggest possible solutions for the same.

The genesis of corruption in public administration began as a result of the realization of a few figures of authority that the misuse of their influence was possible with impunity. This idea of committing fraudulent and criminal acts under the pretence that the repercussions can be evaded with aid of political power is the very rationale behind administrative decadence. The prevalence of such hollow and depraved directorates are common in third-world nations, where the intention of being an elected public official is mostly to make money by the means of bribery instead of civil service.

Nevertheless, there are avenues to improve the political circumstances of countries that suffer from the outcomes of a corrupted government. Firstly, a certain standard of education must be made compulsory to be considered for a ministry position. The refinement and enhancement of public services can only be guaranteed with the support of educated and sensible public servants. Secondly, the background of every potential public official must be thoroughly checked for discrepancies and only individuals with a record of decent conduct should be elected to fill government ranks with high authority and responsibility.

Finally, I would like to add that the deplorable condition of public administration in various countries across the globe cannot be altered overnight. That being said, the first step towards a better republic must be taken by the general public.

More Writing Task 2 Essay Topics

• The Population Of Some Countries Includes A Relatively Large Number Of Young Adults
• Most Countries Believe That International Tourism Has Harmful Effects
• Some People Think That It Is Best To Live In A Horizontal City While Others Think Of A Vertical City
• The Problem Of Juvenile Delinquency Is Increasing Day By Day
• Some People Think That A Huge Amount Of Time And Money Is Spent On The Protection Of Wild Animals

Practice IELTS Writing Task 2 based on Essay types

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Janice Thompson

Soon after graduating with a Master’s in Literature from Southern Arkansas University, she joined an institute as an English language trainer. She has had innumerous student interactions and has produced a couple of research papers on English language teaching. She soon found that non-native speakers struggled to meet the English language requirements set by foreign universities. It was when she decided to jump ship into IELTS training. From then on, she has been mentoring IELTS aspirants. She joined IELTSMaterial about a year ago, and her contributions have been exceptional. Her essay ideas and vocabulary have taken many students to a band 9.

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Problem and Solution Essay Sample - IELTS Writing Task 2

TÓM TẮT NỘI DUNG

Problem and Solution Essay là một trong những dạng bài thường hay xuất hiện trong đề thi IELTS Writing Task 2. Đề bài sẽ yêu cầu thí sinh đưa ra nguyên nhân và giải pháp cho một vấn đề nào đó mang tính nghị luận trong xã hội. Do đó, thí sinh có thể gặp khó khăn nếu không tìm được ý tưởng. Bài viết sau sẽ gợi ý bài mẫu cho 5 đề thi IELTS Writing Task 2 đã xuất hiện trong năm 2023-2024.

Các bài mẫu sau được tác giả triển khai theo cấu trúc P.I.E (Point - Illustration - Explanation). Người học tham khảo thêm cấu trúc P.I.E tại bài viết:

Cấu trúc đoạn văn P.I.E là gì? Ứng dụng vào IELTS Writing Task 2

Problem and Solution Essay Sample – #01

In some countries, crime rates are increasing. What are the causes of this problem? What can be done about it?

In recent years, many countries have grappled with a troubling trend: an increase in crime rates. This surge in criminal activity poses significant threats to societal well-being and safety. This essay will examine two primary causes of this issue and suggest two corresponding solutions.

The first significant contributor to rising crime rates is socioeconomic inequality . In impoverished areas, lack of economic opportunity can drive individuals to turn to crime as a means of survival. For instance, in neighborhoods with high levels of poverty, individuals may resort to theft, robbery, or drug trafficking to meet their basic needs. Moreover, the absence of adequate support systems perpetuates this cycle of disadvantage, making it challenging for individuals to break free from criminal activities. Another critical factor fueling the increase in crime is the widespread availability of drugs and firearms. The easy accessibility of illicit substances and weapons escalates criminal behavior, leading to a surge in related crimes such as violence and organized crime.

To address these challenges, governments must adopt comprehensive strategies. One approach involves tackling socioeconomic inequality through targeted interventions. Investing in education, job creation programs, and social welfare initiatives can empower individuals and communities, providing viable alternatives to a life of crime. Furthermore, strengthening law enforcement and implementing stricter regulations on the trafficking of drugs and firearms are crucial measures in combating crime. This entails not only increasing police presence but also enhancing the effectiveness of judicial systems to ensure swift and fair justice.

In conclusion, the increase in crime rates is a complex issue with socioeconomic inequality and accessibility to illicit substances and weapons at its core. However, by implementing targeted solutions such as poverty alleviation programs and enhanced law enforcement measures, societies can effectively address these challenges and create safer environments for all citizens. It is imperative that governments and communities work together to tackle the root causes of crime and build a more secure and prosperous future.

Từ vựng cần lưu ý:

grapple (verb) /ˈɡræpəl/: vật lộn

socioeconomic (adjective) /ˌsoʊsioʊˌiːkəˈnɑmɪk/: kinh tế xã hội

inequality (noun) /ɪnɪˈkwɑləti/: sự bất bình đẳng

resort to (phrasal verb) /rɪˈzɔrt tuː/: chuyển hướng tới, phải dùng đến

perpetuate (verb) /pərˈpɛtʃuˌeɪt/: duy trì, làm cho tiếp tục tồn tại

illicit (adjective) /ɪˈlɪsɪt/: bất hợp pháp

comprehensive (adjective) /ˌkɑmprɪˈhɛnsɪv/: toàn diện

enforcement (noun) /ɪnˈfɔrsmənt/: sự thi hành, sự thực thi

trafficking (noun) /ˈtræfɪkɪŋ/: buôn bán, mua bán trái phép

firearms (noun) /ˈfaɪərˌɑrmz/: vũ khí, súng

Problem and Solution Essay Sample – #02

In recent times, many people are making the decision to live alone. What are the causes of this? What can be done to solve this problem?

In recent times, there has been a noticeable trend of individuals choosing to live alone. This phenomenon raises questions about the underlying causes and potential solutions to address the challenges it presents. This essay aims to explore the reasons behind the increasing prevalence of solo living and propose strategies to mitigate its potential negative impacts.

One significant issue associated with this phenomenon is the potential for social isolation. Living alone can lead to a lack of daily interaction, hindering the development of strong social bonds and potentially fostering feelings of loneliness and detachment . This can have a detrimental impact on mental well-being, especially for vulnerable individuals. Furthermore, the financial burden of living solely can be substantial . Renting or maintaining a single dwelling often comes with higher costs compared to shared living arrangements. This can be particularly challenging for young adults starting their careers or individuals with limited income.

Combating these issues requires a multi-pronged approach. Firstly, fostering a culture of community engagement is crucial. Encouraging participation in local clubs, volunteering initiatives, or even co-working spaces can provide opportunities for individuals to connect and build meaningful relationships. Secondly, the  housing market needs to adapt to the growing trend of solo living.  Policymakers and developers could incentivize the construction of smaller, more affordable apartments suitable for single occupants . Additionally, promoting co-living arrangements, where individuals share common areas while maintaining private spaces, could offer a cost-effective and socially enriching alternative.

While the rise of solo living presents challenges related to social isolation and financial strain, it is not inherently a negative trend. By fostering community engagement and promoting the development of suitable housing options, society can ensure that individuals who choose to live alone can thrive while maintaining a sense of belonging and connection.

noticeable (adjective) /ˈnoʊtɪsəbəl/: đáng chú ý

prevalence (noun) /ˈprɛvələns/: sự phổ biến

detachment (noun) /dɪˈtætʃmənt/: sự cách biệt

substantial (adjective) /səbˈstænʃəl/: đáng kể

dwelling (noun) /ˈdwɛlɪŋ/: nơi ở

multi-pronged (adjective) /ˌmʌlti ˈprɔŋd/: đa chiều

occupants (noun) /ˈɑkjəpənts/: những người cư trú

cost-effective (adjective) /ˈkɔst ɪˈfɛktɪv/: tiết kiệm chi phí

Problem and Solution Essay Sample – #03

Today, many people do not know their neighbors. What problems does this cause? What can be done about this?

In modern society, a growing number of individuals find themselves disconnected from their neighbors, leading to a range of problems. This essay will discuss the repercussions of this lack of neighborly interaction and propose potential solutions to address the issue.

The decline in neighborly relationships has resulted in several negative consequences. Firstly, the absence of strong community ties can lead to feelings of isolation and loneliness among residents. Without a support network of nearby neighbors, individuals may struggle to find companionship and assistance in times of need. Furthermore, the breakdown of neighborly connections can have implications for neighborhood safety and security. In neighborhoods where residents are unfamiliar with one another, there is a lack of collective vigilance and mutual support. 

To combat the problems associated with the lack of neighborly interaction, several strategies can be implemented. Firstly, community-building initiatives should be promoted to encourage residents to connect with their neighbors. This could involve organizing neighborhood events such as block parties, potlucks , or community clean-up days, providing opportunities for residents to meet and interact with one another in a relaxed and informal setting. Additionally, local governments and community organizations can play a role in facilitating neighborly connections through the provision of communal spaces and resources. Creating community gardens, shared recreational areas, or neighborhood watch programs can foster a sense of belonging and cooperation among residents, strengthening social bonds and promoting a sense of community.

In conclusion, the decline in neighborly relationships poses significant challenges for individuals and communities alike, including feelings of isolation, diminished safety, and security concerns. However, by fostering a sense of community and promoting neighborly interaction through targeted initiatives and support from local authorities, societies can overcome these challenges and create more cohesive and vibrant neighborhoods where residents feel connected and supported by those around them.

repercussions (noun) /ˌriː.pɚˈkʌʃ.ənz/: hậu quả, tác động

implications (noun) /ˌɪm.plɪˈkeɪ.ʃənz/: hệ quả, ý nghĩa

collective (adjective) /kəˈlɛktɪv/: tập thể, toàn thể

vigilance (noun) /ˈvɪdʒ.əl.əns/: sự cảnh giác, sự đề phòng

initiatives (noun) /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪvz/: sáng kiến

potlucks (noun) /ˈpɑt.lʌk/: bữa tiệc mỗi người mang một món

provision (noun) /prəˈvɪʒ.ən/: sự cung cấp, sự chuẩn bị

Problem and Solution Essay Sample – #04

Many students around the world don’t choose science subjects at university. Give the reasons for this and suggest the solutions for this problem.

In universities worldwide, a notable proportion of students opt out of pursuing science subjects, raising concerns about the reasons behind this trend and potential solutions to address it. This essay will delve into the factors contributing to the reluctance of students to choose science disciplines and propose strategies to encourage greater engagement with these subjects.

One primary reason for this trend is the inherent difficulty associated with science disciplines. Science subjects often require a strong foundation in mathematics and critical thinking skills, which can be intimidating for students. The perceived workload coupled with the pressure to excel in standardized tests can steer students towards subjects perceived as less demanding. Furthermore, career prospects in certain scientific fields might not hold the same allure as other professions. This perception, and the often-lengthy postgraduate studies required for specialized scientific research positions, can dissuade students from pursuing science degrees.

To address this issue, a multi-pronged approach is necessary. Firstly, revamping science education at the primary and secondary levels is crucial.  Encouraging a more interactive and engaging learning environment,  where scientific concepts are demonstrably applied to real-world situations, can spark curiosity and foster a genuine interest in the subject. Secondly, universities can play a pivotal role in bridging the gap between academics and career opportunities.  Providing clear information about the diverse career paths stemming from science degrees, along with mentorship programs connecting students with successful scientists, can dispel misconceptions and paint a realistic picture of the exciting possibilities within scientific fields.

The decline in student enrollment in science programs presents a significant challenge for the future of scientific advancement. By implementing engaging teaching methods at the school level and providing effective career guidance at the university level, we can rekindle the passion for science in students and ensure a workforce of future innovators and researchers.

notable (adjective) /ˈnoʊtəbl/: đáng chú ý

reluctance (noun) /rɪˈlʌktəns/: sự miễn cưỡng

intimidating (adjective) /ɪnˈtɪmɪˌdeɪtɪŋ/: đáng sợ

often-lengthy (adjective) /ˈɔfən-ˈlɛŋθi/: thường kéo dài

dissuade (verb) /dɪˈsweɪd/: làm nản lòng

revamping (noun) /ˈriːˌvæmpɪŋ/: sự cải tổ

rekindle (verb) /rɪˈkɪndəl/: làm sôi động lại

Problem and Solution Essay Sample – #05

Many people think there is an increase of antisocial behavior and a lack of respect to others. What do you think are the causes of this and how to improve the situation?

The perceived increase in antisocial behavior and lack of respect towards others is a concerning trend in contemporary society, stemming from various underlying factors. This essay will discuss the causes of this phenomenon and propose strategies to address and improve the situation.

One significant cause of this phenomenon lies in the potential breakdown of traditional family structures and the decline of strong social support systems. Weakening family bonds and a lack of parental guidance can hinder the development of essential social skills and a strong moral compass in young individuals. This, in turn, can manifest as disrespectful behavior and a disregard for societal norms. Furthermore, the pervasive influence of  social media  cannot be overlooked. Online anonymity can embolden individuals to engage in antisocial behavior without facing immediate consequences.  Exposure to a constant barrage of negativity and hostility online can desensitize individuals, normalizing a lack of civility in real-world interactions.

Combating these issues requires a multi-faceted approach.  Firstly, strengthening the foundation of social values is crucial.  Parents and caregivers need to prioritize instilling respect, empathy, and responsibility in children.  Encouraging open communication and fostering a supportive family environment can equip youngsters with the social skills necessary to navigate the complexities of social interactions. Secondly, addressing the negative aspects of social media is essential.  Promoting responsible online behavior through educational campaigns and fostering a culture of online accountability can help curb the spread of negativity and encourage respectful online interactions.   

The rise in antisocial behavior and disrespect necessitates a collective effort.  By strengthening family structures, promoting social and emotional learning, and fostering responsible online behavior, we can cultivate a more civil and respectful society.  Prioritizing these measures will ensure that individuals not only understand the importance of mutual respect but also actively practice it in their daily interactions.

manifest (verb) /ˈmænɪˌfɛst/: biểu lộ, thể hiện rõ ràng

disregard (noun) /ˌdɪs.rɪˈɡɑrd/: sự không chú ý, sự không coi trọng

anonymity (noun) /ˌænəˈnɪməti/: sự vô danh, sự ẩn danh

barrage (noun) /bəˈrɑʒ/: một loạt

desensitize (verb) /ˌdiːˈsɛnsɪˌtaɪz/: làm mất cảm giác

complexity (noun) /kəmˈplɛksəti/: sự phức tạp, sự rắc rối

necessitate (verb) /nəˈsɛsɪˌteɪt/: làm cần thiết, đòi hỏi

Trên đây là bài viết cung cấp 5 bài mẫu dạng Problem and Solution Essay trong IELTS Writing Task 2, hy vọng người học đã có thêm nhiều ý tưởng cho bài viết của mình. Bên cạnh đó, người học có thể tham khảo sách Understanding Ideas for IELTS Writing để trau dồi thêm ý tưởng cho phần thi này.

Ngoài ra, người học có thể đọc thêm các bài viết cùng chuyên mục:

Cách viết dạng bài Problem and Solution Essay trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Từ và cụm từ dùng để diễn đạt nguyên nhân, ảnh hưởng và giải pháp trong IELTS Writing Task 2

Tổng hợp 32 bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 2 band 7

Pell, Christopher. “IELTS Writing Task 2 Problem and Solution Essay Lesson.” Problem Solution Essay Sample IELTS Advantage, 5 Nov. 2022, www.ieltsadvantage.com/2015/05/08/ielts-problem-and-solution/. Accessed 6 Mar. 2024.

Trần Ngọc Minh Luân

Tôi là Trần Ngọc Minh Luân hiện đang dạy học tại trung tâm anh ngữ ZIM. Tôi đã đạt chứng chỉ IELTS ở lần gần nhất là 7.5 overall, trong đó điểm Speaking của tôi đã đạt 8.0. Bên cạnh đó, tôi có gần 4 năm giảng dạy tiếng Anh nói chung, và hơn 1.5 năm dạy IELTS nói riêng. Ngoài việc giảng dạy, tôi còn tham gia đội R&D tại trung tâm. Công việc của tôi là đảm bảo chất lượng các bài viết học thuật được đăng tải lên website cùng với việc tổ chức và tham gia các dự án, hoạt động gnhieen cứu và phát triển sản phẩm như sách v.v.... Ngoài ra, tôi cũng điều phối một đội thực tập sinh thực hiện các dự án khác nhau cho trung tâm. Tôi luôn tin rằng để thành công trong việc học, người học nên có kỹ năng tự học tốt.

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