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Forgotten fighters of indian independence: the faces you remember from independence day are not the only ones who contributed to the freedom struggle. check out this article to learn more about unsung heroes..
India will celebrate its 77th Independence Day on August 15th this year. However, behind this glory and celebration lies a history of struggle and sacrifice by countless Indian freedom fighters who fought against British colonial rule to secure India's independence.
However, these freedom fighters were overshadowed by more prominent historical figures, such as Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and more. But their stories should be remembered and honoured for generations as a reminder of the sacrifices made for India's freedom.
In this article, you will learn about the lesser-known top 10 freedom fighters of India who played an important role in India’s fight for liberty.
Source: Popular Indian
Gangadin Mehtar, Gangoo wrestler, or Gangu Baba was a gallant and brave rebel who challenged the oppressive British rule in India. He was a mid-level junior commissioned officer serving under Nana Saheb Peshwa in Kanpur who killed approximately 200 British soldiers in the battle of 1857.
This resident of Chunni Ganj instilled a deep fear in the hearts and minds of the British, earning him the reputation of a fierce warrior. The British wanted him captured or killed at all costs, recognising him as a significant threat to their control in the region.
British troops finally apprehended him. On September 8, 1859, he was executed in full view of the public. Before his death, he stated, "In the soil of India, our ancestors smelt of blood and sacrifice; one day it will be free."
Source: IAS Gyan
Matangini Hazra was an incredible woman who was an Indian revolutionary and independence activist. She was born on October 19, 1870. She played a significant role in the Indian independence movement and was known for her fearlessness and dedication to the cause. She was the first woman to be martyred in the Quit India Movement against British rule in India.
Because of Gandhiji's beliefs, she earned the moniker "Gandhi Buri," which translates to "The Old Gandhian Woman." In 1905, she actively participated in the Indian Independence Movement, and she also took part in the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1932. However, she was arrested for breaking the law.
Although she was arrested numerous times and faced brutal treatment, Matangini Hazra never wavered in her commitment to the fight for independence.
Source: Thisday.app
Kanaklata Barua, also known as Birbala and Shaheed (martyr), was an Indian independence activist and AISF leader. During the Quit India Movement in 1942, she was shot and killed by the British Raj's Indian Imperial Police while leading a procession bearing the National Flag.
From childhood, she had a strong sense of patriotism and dedication to the cause of Indian independence. At the age of 17, the young and brave Kanaklata, with a heart full of love for the motherland, joined Mrityu Bahini, a death squad of youth from Assam.
The Bahini decided to raise the national flag at the neighbourhood police station on September 20, 1942. To do this, Barua led a group of unarmed peasants. Rebati Mahan Som, the official in charge of the police station, told the procession that their plot would result in terrible consequences for the police.
The Case of the Chapekar Brothers is one of the most underrated stories of resistance in Indian history. During the bubonic plague of 1896, which struck in the district of Pune, Maharashtra, the British government formed a Special Plague Committee.
Walter Charles Rand, an Indian Civil Services (ICS) officer, served as the committee's chairperson to address the threat and stop the disease's spread. In his reign, he implemented harsh measures that included forced entry into homes, segregation of families, and destruction of personal property.
They even stripped and inspected individuals (including women) in public, evacuated people to hospitals and segregated camps, banned funerals, and slowed transportation outside the city. To end his terror, the Chapekar brothers and other revolutionaries of the ‘Chapekar Club’ plotted the assassination of the ICS officer.
Source: The Better India
Aruna Asaf Ali, also known as the "Grand Old Lady" or the "Heroine of 1942," was a publisher, political activist, and educator from India.
She was born as Aruna Ganguly in 1909 in Kalka, Punjab, British India. She was a vocal supporter of Indian independence and is well known for raising the national flag of India during the 1942 Quit India Movement at Bombay's Gowalia Tank Maidan.
She joined the Indian National Congress and took part in public demonstrations during the Salt Satyagraha. She was arrested and not released in 1931 as part of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, which called for the release of all political prisoners.
Source: Satyaagrah
Durgawati Devi, affectionately known as Durga Bhabhi, was an Indian freedom fighter and a member of the revolutionary Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA). Born in 1907 in Allahabad, she played a significant role in the Indian independence movement.
Durga Bhabhi was one of the few female revolutionaries who actively participated in armed resistance against British rule. She is best known for helping Bhagat Singh escape from Lahore after the Saunders killing in 1928.
Disguised as a married couple, she and Bhagat Singh evaded British forces, with her young child in tow, to avoid suspicion. Durga Bhabhi also participated in several other revolutionary activities, including the famous Kakori Train Robbery.
Source: Medium
Tanguturi Prakasam, also known as Andhra Kesari (Lion of Andhra), was a prominent Indian politician and freedom fighter. Born in 1872 in Andhra Pradesh, he was a lawyer by profession but dedicated his life to India's freedom struggle.
Prakasam was a staunch supporter of non-violent resistance, participating in the Non-Cooperation Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi.
He became famous for his courageous stand during the Simon Commission protests in 1928, when he bared his chest to the British police, daring them to shoot. Prakasam was also deeply involved in the Quit India Movement and was imprisoned multiple times for his participation in the freedom struggle.
Birsa Munda was a tribal leader and freedom fighter from the Munda tribe in Jharkhand. Born in 1875, he is remembered for leading the Munda Rebellion against British rule in the late 19th century.
Birsa Munda led a revolt against British colonial forces, focusing on the rights of the tribal communities who were being exploited under the oppressive British land policies. His movement, known as the Ulgulan, or "The Great Tumult," aimed to establish Munda Raj and expel the British from tribal territories.
Despite being captured and imprisoned in 1900, where he eventually died at the young age of 25, Birsa Munda's legacy as a champion of tribal rights endures.
Source: The Logical Indian
Velu Nachiyar was the queen of Sivaganga in Tamil Nadu and is often celebrated as one of the first Indian queens to fight against British colonial rule. Born in 1730, she was trained in martial arts, archery, and horse riding and was also well-versed in several languages.
After her husband, Raja Muthuvaduganathaperiya Udaiyathevar, was killed by the British, Velu Nachiyar fled with her daughter and regrouped to form an army.
She allied with Hyder Ali, the Sultan of Mysore, and launched a successful attack on the British forces in 1780, reclaiming her kingdom. Her strategies included the first recorded instance of a human bomb, where one of her loyal commanders, Kuyili, set herself on fire to destroy the British arsenal.
Source: नारी - Punjab Kesari
Jhalkari Bai was a soldier in the women's army of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi and played a crucial role in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Born in 1830 in a Dalit family, she rose to prominence due to her bravery and commitment.
Jhalkari Bai is best known for her heroic act of impersonating Rani Lakshmibai during the siege of Jhansi, allowing the real queen to escape. This act of bravery confused the British forces and bought time for the Rani to regroup.
Jhalkari Bai's loyalty and courage made her a key figure in the resistance against British rule during the rebellion. Despite her significant contributions, Jhalkari Bai's story has often been overlooked in mainstream history.
She came from humble beginnings, and her rise to a leadership position in Rani Lakshmibai's army is a testament to her exceptional qualities. Today, she is celebrated as a symbol of women's empowerment and courage, particularly within Dalit communities.
The list of unsung heroes does not end here. These infamous people, from grassroots activists to unknown revolutionaries, selflessly contribute to the freedom of struggle. It’s time that we at least have them in our consciousness, if not in our books.
These freedom fighters, though not as widely recognised, played pivotal roles in India's struggle for independence, demonstrating immense courage and dedication. Their stories serve as a reminder of the diverse and inclusive nature of the Indian freedom movement.
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500+ words essay on freedom fighters.
Freedom fighters were people who sacrificed their lives selflessly for the freedom of their country. Every country has its fair share of freedom fighters . People look up to them in terms of patriotism and love for one’s country. They are considered the epitome of patriotic people.
Freedom fighters made sacrifices which one cannot even imagine of doing for their loved ones, leave alone the country. The amount of pain, hardships, and opposite they have endured cannot be put into words. The generations after them will always be indebted to them for their selfless sacrifices and hard work .
One cannot emphasize enough on the importance of freedom fighters. After all, they are the ones because of whom we celebrate Independence Day . No matter how small a role they played, they are very much significant today as they were in those times. Moreover, they revolted against the colonizers so as to stand up for the country and its people.
Furthermore, most of the freedom fighters even went to war to safeguard the freedom of their people. It did not matter that they had no training; they did it for the pure intention of making their country free. Most of the freedom fighters sacrificed their lives in the war for independence.
Most importantly, freedom fighters inspired and motivated others to fight injustice. They are the pillars behind the freedom movement. They made people aware of their rights and their power. It is all because of the freedom fighters that we prospered into a free country free from any kind of colonizers or injustice.
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Secondly, Rani Lakshmi Bai was a great freedom fighter. I have learned so many things from this empowering woman. She fought for the country despite so many hardships. A mother never gave up her country because of her child, instead took him to the battlefield to fight against injustice. Moreover, she was so inspiring in numerous ways.
Next, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose comes in my list. He led the Indian National Army to show the power of India to the British. His famous line remains to be ‘give me your blood and I will give you freedom.’
Finally, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was also one of the greatest leaders. Despite being from a rich family, he gave up the easy life and fought for India’s freedom. He was imprisoned a number of times but that did not stop him from fighting against injustice. He was a great inspiration to many.
In short, freedom fighters are what made our country what it is today. However, we see nowadays people are fighting for everything they stood against. We must come together to not let communal hatred come between and live up to the Indian dream of these freedom fighters. Only then will we honor their sacrifices and memory.
Q.1 Why were freedom fighters important?
A.1 Freedom fighters made our country independent. They gave up their lives so we could have a bright future free from colonization.
Q.2 Name some of the Indian freedom fighters.
A.2 Some of the famous India freedom fighters were Mahatma Gandhi, Rani Lakshmi Bai, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, and Jawaharlal Nehru.
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Hello Friend, In this post “ 10 Lines On Unsung Heroes Of Freedom Struggle In English “, We will read about 10 Lines On Unsung Heroes Of Freedom Struggle in Details. So…
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On the occasion of 75 years of Indian independence, let’s remember the unsung heroes’ names. though they are lesser-known by the people of the nation, we always pay homage for their contribution.
Independence day is the most important day for Indians and holds special significance in our hearts. India gained independence from British rule on August 15, 1947.
On this special day, we commemorate and pay homage to the freedom fighters, who fought with patriotic spirit to free our country from the 200 years of British colonial rule.
We all know the great freedom fighters but there are many more heroes who disappeared from the pages of history but played crucial roles during the freedom struggle.
In the Indian independence movement, thousands of people fight to liberate India from British imperial rule. Among them undoubtedly Mahatma Gandhi, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh, Rani Laxmi Bai, and many more are known to everyone as they are famous freedom fighters.
But there are some “ Unsung Heroes ” who played important role in India’s Freedom Movement. Let’s have a look at some of our lesser-known but equally valorous leaders of the Indian independence movement.
Batukeshwar Dutt (1910-1965): – Batukeshwar Dutt along with Bhagat Singh threw bombs in the central Assembly on April 8th, 1929. Bhagat Singh was sentenced to death and Batukeshwar Dutt was deported to cellular jail in Andaman. Batukeshwar Dutt was never lauded as a hero of the freedom struggle.
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Pingali Venkayya (1876-1963): – A fervent freedom fighter who designed the Indian National Flag. Pingali Venkayya took part in the Anglo-Boer war in Africa. He was also a part of the Indian National Congress.
Khudiram Bose: – He was one of the youngest revolutionaries who opposed British rule of India. His contribution to India’s Freedom struggle is significant as he was just 18 years old when he was sentenced to death.
Nani Bala Devi: – She was the first female revolutionary of Bengal. And also became the first woman prisoner of Calcutta Jail, who was subjected to extreme torture.
Durga Bhabhi (1907-1999): – Devi attempted to assassinate lord Hailey for which she was imprisoned for three years. she sold her ornaments worth Rs. 3,000 to rescue Bhagat Singh and his comrades under trial. Devi accompanied Bhagat Singh on his escape journey after the saunders killing.
Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan (1890-1988): – Bacha Khan was the Pashtun leader of the Indian independence movement. He was a lifelong pacifist and a follower of Gandhi who openly opposed the British Raj In India. A devout Muslim who strongly opposed the idea of a divided India.
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Unsung heroes of the freedom struggle: postcards, essays, and paragraphs written in English Below you can find several postcards written on Unsung heroes of the Indian freedom struggle against the British Raj.
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It is the struggle of our leaders that our nation is going to celebrate the 75th anniversary of independence in India.
Our history is rife with freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives to build the country. We have had several unsung freedom heroes in our past. We need to highlight their efforts for our country.
Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru were both the greatest freedom heroes. They, along with their following, were also great. Subhas Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh , Rani Lakshmibai, Peer Ali Khan, and several others gave their lives for the independence of the country.
India is a blessed country where we have celebrated our 72 years of joyful independence and the next anniversary is around the corner. It is our responsibility to put light on the rule of our unfortunately unsung freedom heroes.
Students Name: Parkash
School Name: Mahatma Gandhi High School
School Address: New Delhi
The Prime Minister
Narendra Modi
Honorable Sir,
My ten-point postcard on Unsung Heroes Of Freedom Struggles,
1. Independence is a blessing given by God to a nation. Independence gives us a free life to work hard for our personal and country’s development.
2. Independence Day is one of the most significant days in our history. India got independence in 1947 and will be celebrating its 75th anniversary of independence in August 2022.
3. After 25 years, hopefully, we will celebrate 100 years of independence because of our largest democratic system in the world.
4. Undoubtedly, India is a developed, peaceful, and further progressing country thanks to our political leaders who are giving their full attention to leading the country towards the light.
5. Just imagine, if we were celebrating 300 years of independence, we would be the first to land on the moon and, undoubtedly, the supreme power of the world.
6. But, if we had not achieved independence yet, we would still be dreaming of freedom! But our freedom struggle heroes have done their duty so that we can work hard and freely to make India a developed country. Every citizen of the country should have a vision for country in 2047.
7. I salute Indian freedom struggle fighters. They fought and gave their lives to make the country independent in the future.
8. Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru both played an important role in the freedom movement. They gained success through their true followers.
9. In the Indian freedom struggle, thousands of people fought against British rules. Unfortunately, some are unsung freedom struggle heroes.
10. I would like to highlight the role of our unsung heroes in the freedom struggle in India.
1. Tirat Singh:
He is also known as Tirat Singh Syiem. He was the chief of the Khasi people. When the British attempted to equip Khasi Hill, Syiem and his people struggled hard to save their earth. He was born in 1802 and passed away in 1835.
2. Velu Nachiyar:
She was the first lady who raised her voice and fought against the East India Company. From 1780 to 1790, Rani Velu Nachiyar reigned over the Savaganga estate.
2. Peer Ali Khan:
He was a revolutionary Indian freedom hero. He got punishment for participating in the freedom movement in 1857. He was born in 1812 and died in 1857.
3. Batukeshwar Dutt:
He was a young revolutionary and freedom hero. He participated as an independence fighter in 1900. He, along with Bhagat Singh, threw two bombs at the national assembly in New Delhi. He is also best known for this act.
4. Pingali Venkayya:
He was the designer of the Indian national flag. He was a true follower of Mahatma Gandhi. Pingali Venkayya was born at Bhatlapenumarruand in 1876 and died on July 4th, 1963 at Vijayawada.
5. Khudiram Bose:
He was one of the youngest martyrs of the Indian freedom moment. He and his friend, Prafulla Chaki, were sentenced to death allegedly by the British government in the Muzaffarpur Conspiracy Case. He was born on December 3rd, 1889 in the Midnapore district and died at Muzaffarpur in 1908.
6. Durgawati Devi:
She was a revolutionary freedom hero in the history of India’s freedom movement. She was a brave freedom fighter. She physically participated in the armed revolution against the British Raj. She is best known for attempting to kill the British general, Lord Hailey. She also accompanied Bhagat Singh to make him escape. She is also known as Durga Bhabhi.
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Unsung heroes of freedom struggle essay and paragraph.
India is celebrating Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav to commemorate its 75 years of progressive independent. It’s long drawn struggle to free India from the foreign rule has been a saga of valour. Many people sacrifice their lives for freedom of India. It was not merely for political rights, but for freedom from oppression of the foreign rule in all walks of life.
Many people from every nook and corner of the country indulged themselves in freedom struggle. The supreme sacrifice and selfless spirit of these freedom fighters craved the way for Independent India. But unfortunately, in the recorded history of freedom struggle, a large number of freedom fighters contributions are missing. The history of India’s true freedom struggle is incomplete without these unsung heroes. These unsung heroes should also be recognized by the people for their contribution in making India free and Independent nation.
To recognize the contributions and paying tributes to these great sons and daughters of our country who sacrifice their life for freedom of India, now India is celebrating Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav . A series of programmes are being organised on the theme AKAM and Unsung Heroes of India's Freedom Struggle to give due respect and recognition to unsung freedom fighters of India.
Remembering the unsung heroes of freedom struggle, Government of India also started infographic series. Every month many unsung heroes are remembered and people made aware through this infographic series. Awareness campaign through different mediums including social media are also used to make people informed about these unsung heroes of India’s freedom struggle. This is our tribute to these freedom fighters who sacrifice their lives for making India an Independent Nation.
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Ram Saran Das, Lala: Ram Saran Das was convicted in the first Lahore Conspiracy case in the year 1915. After his release, he became active in the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association and was again convicted.
Also Read: Essay on Har Ghar Tiranga , Essay on Agnipath Scheme
Sukhdev Raj: Sukhdev Raj was born in Lahore on 7th December 1907. He joined the revolutionary movement to make India an Independent nation with the influence of Bhagwati Charan Vohra. When Chandra Shekhar Azad was martyred in Allahabad on 27 February 1931, Sukhdev Raj was with Chandrashekhar Azad. At that time Azad forced him to flee from there. He was jailed for six years in two terms after that he came under the influence of Vinoba Bhave and started serving the leprosy patients in Durg. Here he passed away on 5 July 1973.
Sushila Didi: Sushila Didi was born on 5 March 1905 in Punjab. She joined Hindustan Socialist Republican Association under the influence of Bhagwati Charan Vohra and helped the revolutionaries in various ways. She helped Bhagat Singh by providing shelter after the assassination of Saunders in December 1928 in Calcutta. After independence, she was also President of the Delhi Congress. Sushila Didi passed away on 13 January 1963.
Also Read: Essay on Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav
Tapeshwar Pandey: Tapeshwar Pandey was a resident of village Atthar, Shahabad district, Bihar. He participated in the Quit India movement. On 19 August 1942, when the British troops encircled the militant village and opened fire, Tapeshwar Pandey was shot dead on the spot.
Acharya Harihara: Acharya Harihara was born in 1879 at Sriramchandrapur village Sakhigopal in Puri District Odisha. He completed primary studies in the village then admitted in the Puri District School. He along with Gopabandhu Choudhury participated in Salt Satyagraha 1930 to break the salt law. He was arrested along with all other satyagrahis and jailed for six months at Hazaribag jail in Bihar. During the Quit India Movement in 1942 he along with other satyagrahis were arrested because of their active participation. After India’s independence Acharya Harihara continued to work for the welfare of the people and passed away on 29th February 1971.
Also Read: Essay on Natural Farming
Jaggi Devi: Jaggi Devi was popularly known as 'Mata'. She was born in 1917 in a peasant family. She played a leading role in the peasant movement in Avadh. She led the women of Kisanin Sabhas into Satyagraha and fought against the inhuman practice of eviction of the wife and children of dead tenants from their land. She actively participated in Quit India movement. Jaggi Devi's fight for freedom went beyond 1947 and meant not only political swaraj but also economic swaraj which would transform the exploitative land relations.
Rajendra Nath Lahiri: Rajendra Nath Lahiri was the mastermind behind Kakori conspiracy and Dakshineshwar bombing. He was revolutionary member of Hindustan Republican Association aiming at ousting the British from India. He was a Banaras Hindu University student when the revolutionary activities started in Uttar Pradesh and he joined the Hindustan Republican Association along with many other Bengali friends. Among the Kakori martyrs, he was hanged on 17 December 1927 two days before when Ashfaqullah Khan, Ram Prasad Bismil and Roshan Singh hanged on 19 December, 1927.
Also Read: Essay on Human Rights
Celebrating Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav and paying tribute to unsung heroes of freedom struggle more than 800 freedom have been recognised till now. You can read more about them at https://cmsadmin.amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes.htm
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my great grandfather was awarded with the Tamr Patra for his services to community. But do not know how to get details of his work. There would be some record with the govt.
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A look at some of our lesser-known but equally valorous leaders who made a mark in history..
Updated - August 10, 2017 04:41 pm IST
Published - August 10, 2017 03:55 pm IST
Many people came together to fight for the country’s independence. However, not much has been written about them. This Independence Day let’s find out more...
Tirupur is a town near Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu and it was Kumaran’s home town. In 1932, Kumaran organised a protest march against the British. He was carrying the Indian National Flag, which was banned by the British. This enraged British officials who then began assaulting the protesters, including Kumaran, insisting he put the flag down.
Kumaran held on to the Indian Flag even after being repeatedly beaten, He was mortally wounded and even when he fell into a faint before dying, he clung on to the Indian flag ensuring it did not fall to the ground. This incident gained him the title Kodi Kaatha Kumaran — Kumaran, the saviour of the national flag.
Born on April 3, 1903, she was a social reformer and freedom fighter. Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay was best known for being the driving force behind the renaissance of Indian handicraft, hand loom, and theatre. She also fought for the upliftment of the socio-economic standard of Indian women by pioneering the co-operative movement. However, her contribution during the freedom struggle is not to be missed.
Married at 20, she was in London when she heard of Mahatma Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement in 1923. She promptly returned to India, to join the Seva Dal, a Gandhian organisation set up to promote social uplifting.
In 1926, she met Margaret E. Cousins, the founder of All India Women’s Conference (AIWC), and was inspired to run for the Madras Provincial Legislative Assembly. She was also the first Indian woman to be arrested, when she entered the Bombay Stock Exchange to sell packets of salt. She spent close to a year in prison.
Bose’s tale of valour is one that simultaneously invokes pride as well as pity for perhaps the same reason. He was 18 years old, when he was sentenced to death for his role in the country’s freedom struggle.
In 1908, Bose was appointed to kill Muzzaffarpur district magistrate Kingsford, the Chief Magistrate of Calcutta Presidency. Kingston had become unpopular for passing harsh and cruel sentences on young political activists. He was also notorious for inflicting corporal punishment on them. Thus, when he was transferred to Muzaffarpur, Bose was sent to there to kill him.
On April 20, 1908, Bose threw a bomb at a carriage, believed to be carrying Kingsford, outside the European club. But the carriage was occupied by the wife and daughter of barrister Pringle Kennedy, a leading pleader at the Muzaffarpur Bar. An extra police force was deployed to find the perpetrator. Bose, in the meantime, had walked 25 miles and reached Vaini railway station. He was arrested by two officers there and hanged to death on August 11, 1908.
Peer Ali Khan
Peer Ali Khan was part of the 1857 rebellion against the British. He was born in Muhammadpur, in Azamgarh district of Uttar Pradesh. When he was seven he ran away, and arrived in Patna where he was given shelter and refuge by a zamindar who brought him up along with his son and educated him.
The start: Peer opened a book shop in Patna, which became the meeting point for freedom fighters to make plans to overthrow the British. In fact, the book shop was the point where everyone kept in contact not only among themselves but with Indian soldiers in the British army too. Ali conducted regular campaigns against the British, and became an integral part of the rebellion of 1857. While he was plotting with the soldiers of the Danapur Cantonment, two letters from them fell into British hands. They became aware of Peer Ali’s involvement.
Ali realised what had happened, planned to attack the British and gathered those interested. He collected 50 guns with the help of his co-worker, Maulvi Mehdi and distributed them among his group members.
On July 4, 1857, Ali and 33 followers were arrested. Most of them were hanged the next day without a hearing. Peer Ali was brutally tortured and cross-examined. On July 7, he was hanged.
Hailing from Tamluk (erstwhile Midnapore) in the Bengal Presidency of British India, Matangini Hazra was a champion of the Civil Disobediance Movement and the Quit India Movement. She was a force to reckon with. Born on October 19, 1870 to poor parents, she had no formal education. She was married early and was widowed at 18.
Turning point: In 1905, Hazra became actively interested in the independence movement. In 1932, she took part in the Civil Disobedience Movement and was arrested for participating in the Dandi March led by Mahatma Gandhi and breaking the Salt Act. British officials had introduced taxation on salt production, and so the walk to Dandi to make sea-salt was considered illegal. This caused resentment among people as it was the local practice in Dandi to produce salt from seawater. Hazra was imprisoned for six months in Baharampur.
A decade later, in 1942, she was a part of the Quit India Movement launched by Gandhiji, asking the British to put an end to their reign in India and leave. Hazra, who was 71 years at the time, led a procession of 6,000 supporters, mostly women volunteers, to take over the Tamluk police station. As she stepped forward, she was shot.
She eventually died from bullet wounds.
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New Delhi: This August 15, India will celebrate 74 years of independence from the British Raj and also remember the 200-year old struggle for freedom of our countrymen. The most famous freedom fighters are undoubtedly Mahatama Gandhi, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh, Mangal Pandey and so on, but there are also others who contributed to the independence movement but their names faded into the darkness.
There were many freedom fighters who looked into the eye of the tyrannical British rulers and dared to raise slogans of an independent India. Some are celebrated all across the world among the Indian community while there are others whose names despite being worthy of all the glory that there is, remain anonymous to the masses today.
Aruna Asaf Ali
At the age of 33, Ali gained prominence among Indian masses and infamy in the British Raj camp after she hoisted the Indian National Congress flag at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Bombay during Quit India Movement in 1942.
An arrest warrant was issued in her name but she went underground to evade arrest and started an underground movement. Her property was seized and sold. The British government announced then a reward of 5,000 rupees for her capture.
Following India's Independence, she remained active in politics and social work but never received recognition.
Matangini Hazra
Hazra is another freedom fighter who never received her fair share of fame despite sacrificing her life for the country's freedom. She was part of the Quit India Movement and Non-Cooperation Movement.
During a procession against the British, she was shot thrice but that did not deter her from marching with the tricolour in her hands. She also kept shouting 'Vande Mataram' till she breathed her last.
Bhikaji Cama
People may have heard her name on roads and buildings, but very few know who she was and what she did for India.
Cama was not only a part of India's independence movement but also an iconoclast who stood for gender equality during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
She donated most of her personal belongings to an orphanage for girls. She also unfurled the Indian flag at the International Socialist Conference at Stuttgart in Germany, 1907.
Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi
Mushi was also known as Kulpati among peers for his active participation in India's freedom movement. He was a big proponent of the Quit India Movement.
He was arrested by the British regime a number of times for his involvement in freedom-related activities. He was also the founder of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
Peer Ali Khan
The most famous hero of the 1857 mutiny was Mangal Pandey, however, only a handful have heard of Peer Ali Khan. He was one of the initial rebels of India and among the 14 people who were hanged for their role in the mutiny.
Even still, his work inspired many who followed. But generations later, his name just faded away.
Lakshmi Sahgal
Captain Lakshmi was an officer in the Indian Army who also served in World War II. She also served time as a prisoner in Burma, now Myanmar.
When Sahgal heard that Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was building an army of women soldiers, she enlisted herself. She was directed by the high command to form a female regiment called 'Rani of Jhansi regiment, where she was appointed as a Captain.
Velu Nachiyar
Even before the Sepoy mutiny of 1857, Velu Nachiyar was the first Indian queen to wage a war against the British Raj. The former princess of Ramanathapuram opposed British rule and gave the rulers a good run for their money.
Khudiram Bose
Some might have heard his name as he was one of the youngest revolutionaries of India and is often discussed in history books. His contribution to the freedom struggle is also a significant one as he was just 18 years old when the British hanged him for his activities against the Raj.
Kushal Konwar
The President of Sarupathar Congress Committee was an Indian Tai-Ahom freedom fighter from Assam. He is the only martyr who was hanged in the last phase of the Quit India Movement of 1942-43.
Benoy-Badal-Dinesh
Benoy Basu, Badal Gupta and Dinesh Gupta were 22, 18 and 19 years old respectively when they wore European outfits and entered the Writer's Building. Their target was then Inspector General of Police, Colonel NS Simpson.
They succeeded in killing him but were outnumbered by the security personnel. Benoy took a cyanide pill while the other two shot themselves to avoid capture.
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Are you curious to find out more about the significant but unsung women freedom fighters who influenced the Indian National Movement? To learn more, keep reading.
A topic for the UPSC Mains 2021 Essay exam was “The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.”
The topic’s main draw was women’s achievements and other forms of empowerment.
Therefore, contributions from women freedom fighters are important from a UPSC standpoint.
Table of Contents
Pritilata Waddedar, who was born on May 5, 1911, in Chittagong (modern-day Bangladesh), was one of the first women to take up arms and engage in revolutionary activities.
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She joined Deepali Sangh, a revolutionary organization that provided women with combat training when she was young.
She was eager to join Surya Sen’s Indian Revolutionary Army, but she was met with opposition because it was dominated by men.
But, along with Kalpana Dut t, she underwent rigorous training to become a member of this group.
After the Chittagong Armoury Raid , in which most of the IRA’s leaders were apprehended, Pritilata, who was only 21 years old at the time, was given command of a group of 7-10 young men who laid siege to the Pahartali European Club (a social club for Europeans).
This club was primarily targeted because of its racial and discriminatory practices. It had a sign that said, “Dogs and Indians not allowed.”
On the night of 23 September 1932, dressed like a man, she boldly led the attack. In the ensuing fierce gun battle, she got shot in the leg, which prevented her from escaping.
Instead of surrendering, she chose to swallow a pill of cyanide and thus became a martyr.
Devi became involved in the freedom struggle after her husband, Chittaranjan Das, was arrested for participating in the Non-cooperation movement.
She took part in movements such as the Khilafat and civil disobedience.
She was also a founding member of the Nari Karma Mandira , an educational centre for women.
After the death of her husband, she ran the weekly publication of Bangalar Katha.
She headed the Bengal Provincial Congress as its President and received the Padma Vibhushan in 1973.
Aruna Asaf Ali was an Indian educator, political activist, and publisher.
She was an active participant in the Indian independence movement and is best known for hoisting the Indian National flag at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Bombay during the Quit India Movement in 1942, giving the movement one of its most enduring images.
Aruna was dubbed the Heroine of the 1942 movement for her bravery in the face of danger and was called the Grand Old Lady of the Independence movement in her later years.
She also edited Inquilab , a monthly magazine of the Congress Party, along with Ram Manohar Lohia.
In a 1944 issue, she exhorted the youth to action by asking them to forget futile discussions about violence and non-violence and join the revolution.
Leaders such as Jayaprakash Narayan and Aruna Asaf Ali were described as “the Political children of Gandhi but recent students of Karl Marx”. She is one of women freedom fighters who have shaped our struggle for Independence.
She is the first lady in India to stand in elections from Madras Constituency although she lost in the elections she pioneered the path for women in India.
She was best known for her involvement in the campaign for Indian independence and for being the impetus for the revival of Indian handicrafts, handlooms, and theatre in independent India.
In recognition of her work promoting handicrafts, UNESCO presented her with an award in 1977. She was also given Shantiniketan’s highest honor, the Desikottama.
Matangini Hazra was an Indian revolutionary who took part in the movement for Indian independence up until the British Indian police shot her to death in front of the Tamluk Police Station (of the former Midnapore District) on September 29, 1942.
She was affectionately known as Gandhi Buri , Bengali for old lady Gandhi .
After Indian Independence, the first statue of a woman was erected in Kolkata, and it was Hazra’s in 1977.
At the location of her murder in Tamluk, a statue now stands. In Kolkata, Hazra Road is also named in her honor.
West Bengal-born Bina Das was an Indian nationalist and revolutionary. She was born to parents who were active in the Brahmo Samaj and the battle for freedom and who worked as social workers and educators.
Das belonged to the Chhatri Sangha, a semi-revolutionary group of women’s organizations in Kolkata. She made an attempt to kill Bengal Governor Stanley Jackson on February 6, 1932, in the University of Calcutta’s Convocation Hall.
Kamala Das Gupta, another freedom fighter, provided the revolver. She attempted to shoot five times but was unsuccessful, and she was given a nine-year prison term.
After her early release in 1939, Das joined the Congress party. In 1942, she participated in the Quit India movement and was imprisoned again from 1942 to 1945.
She will certainly be remembered as one of the notable women freedom fighters in our country.
Suniti Choudhury was an Indian nationalist who, along with Santi Ghose , assassinated a British district magistrate when she was 16 years old and is known for her participation in an armed revolutionary struggle.
She is often dubbed as the youngest female revolutionary of the Indian Freedom Struggle
Under the guise of presenting a petition to organize a swimming competition among their classmates, Chowdhury and Santi Ghose, both 16 at the time, entered the office of Charles Geoffrey Buckland Stevens, a British bureaucrat and the district magistrate of Comilla, on December 14, 1931.
While Stevens was looking at the petition, Ghose and Chowdhury took out automatic pistols from under their shawls and shot and killed him.
She will undoubtedly be recognized as one of our country’s notable women freedom fighters.
Jhalkaribai was a female soldier who was crucial in the 1857 Indian Rebellion.
She was an active participant in the women’s army of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi.
She eventually rose to become a key adviser to the reigning monarch, Rani of Jhansi.
She assumed the queen’s identity during the height of the Siege of Jhansi and fought on the front lines for the queen, enabling her to safely leave the fort.
Savitribai Jyotirao Phule was a Maharashtrian poet, educator, and social reformer. She and her husband Jyothioba Phule in Maharashtra significantly contributed to the advancement of women’s rights in India.
She is credited with founding the feminist movement in India. In Pune, near Bhide Wada, Savitribai and her husband established one of the first modern Indian girls’ schools in 1848 .
She campaigned to remove caste and gender prejudice and unfair treatment of individuals.
During the 1857 uprising, Begum Hazrat Mahal was one of the few women to oppose the British.
She was born Muhammadi Khanum. In Awadh’s Faizabad, she was born.
She married Nawab Wajid Ali Shah in a mut’ah ceremony later in life.
The last Nawab of Awadh, Nawab Wajid Ali Shah, was exiled to Calcutta after Awadh was conquered by the British East India Company in 1856. Along with her son Birjis Qadir, Hazrat Mahal made the decision to remain in Lucknow.
Awadh was annexed after a rebellion started in Meerut and the revolt’s flag was flown in Lucknow, which quickly spread to other Awadhi towns.
Only in Lucknow did the English continue to engage the rebels within the Residency building until they were able to reclaim their lost power.
A Naga spiritual and political leader who led an uprising against British control in India was Gaidinliu Pamei, also known as Rani Gaidinliu.
She joined the Heraka religious movement, led by her cousin Haipou Jadonang, when she was 13 years old.
Later, the campaign evolved into an attempt to expel the British from Manipur and the nearby Naga regions.
Gaidinliu, who was detained in 1932 at the age of 16, received a life sentence from the British authorities.
When they first met in 1937, J awaharlal Nehru pledged to work for her release. She was given the title “Rani” (“Queen”) by Nehru , and she rose to fame as Rani Gaidinliu among the local community.
She will unquestionably be counted among the most notable women freedom fighters in the history of our country.
A revolutionary who joined the armed resistance against colonial rule was Durgawati Devi, also known as Durga Bhabhi.
As a Naujawan Bharat Sabha member, she assisted Bhagat Singh in fleeing Lahore after the 1928 murder of British police officer John P. Saunders.
Rajguru pretended to be Durgawati and Bhagat Singh’s servant throughout the subsequent train ride.
Later, she undertook an unsuccessful effort to kill Lord Hailey, the former governor of Punjab, in retaliation for the hanging of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev.
Rani Chennamma, the queen of Kittur, was one of the first rulers to organize an armed uprising against British rule. In the modern-day state of Karnataka, Kittur was a princely state.
After the death of her little son in 1824, she retaliated against the attempt to take control of her domain. Raja Mallasarja, her spouse, passed away in 1816.
She is regarded as one of the few leaders of the day who comprehended the British government’s colonial plans.
In her initial uprising, Rani Chennamma overthrew the British, but the East India Company’s second attack resulted in her capture and imprisonment.
In 1910, Sarala Devi Chaudhurani, an educator and political leader from India, created Bharat Stree Mahamandal in Allahabad.
It was the country of India’s first national organization for women. Promoting female education was one of the organization’s main objectives.
In the 1920s, Madeleine Slade —also known as Mirabehn or Meera Behn—left her home in England to live and work with Mahatma Gandhi.
She was a British supporter of the Indian Independence Movement.
She spent her entire life advancing Gandhi’s ideals and human progress.
The height of the Gandhian era in the liberation struggle was when Mirabehn was living in India. At the Round Table Conference in London in 1931, she traveled with Gandhi and others.
Mirabehn’s autobiography is titled The Spiritual Pilgrimage.
She also published Bapu’s Letters to Mira and New and Old Gleanings.
Click here to know more about the Indian Freedom Struggle.
Article written by: Jis John Sebastian
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The Section on Unsung Heroes is an attempt to recall and remember forgotten heroes of our freedom struggle, many of whom might be renowned yet unknown to the new generation. The aim of recreating and bringing forth stories, which lay as faded memories of the past, shall serve as a medium of inspiration and encouragement for the coming generations.
Begin your essay with an introduction that briefly explains the importance of unsung heroes in any movement and their contribution to the freedom struggle. 3. Choose a few unsung heroes to focus on in your essay, such as Matangini Hazra, Kanaklata Barua, or Bhagat Singh's comrades like Sukhdev Thapar and Shivaram Rajguru.
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Here are 10 of many unsung heroes of the Indian freedom struggle: 1. Rani Gaidinliu (1911-1993): The Lioness of Manipur. Hailing from Manipur, Rani Gaidinliu was a mere 13 years old when she joined the fight against the British. Inspired by the teachings of Haipou Jadonang, a spiritual and political leader, she became a vital part of the Naga ...
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Honorable Sir, My ten-point postcard on Unsung Heroes Of Freedom Struggles, Namaskar, 1. Independence is a blessing given by God to a nation. Independence gives us a free life to work hard for our personal and country's development. 2. Independence Day is one of the most significant days in our history.
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New Delhi: This August 15, India will celebrate 74 years of independence from the British Raj and also remember the 200-year old struggle for freedom of our countrymen.The most famous freedom fighters are undoubtedly Mahatama Gandhi, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh, Mangal Pandey and so on, but there are also others who contributed to the independence movement but their names faded ...
She will undoubtedly be recognized as one of our country's notable women freedom fighters. 8. Jhalkari Bai ( 1830- 1858) Jhalkaribai was a female soldier who was crucial in the 1857 Indian Rebellion. She was an active participant in the women's army of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi.
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