location and facilities business plan example

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How to Present Your Business’ Location & Facility

• March 21, 2024
• Business Plan , How to Write

When drafting a business plan, detailing your business’s location and facility is not merely about stating an address or describing a building. Instead it’s about showcasing how your choice of location and the specifics of your facility are important to your business’s success.

This section of your business plan goes beyond mere logistics. Indeed it communicates to potential investors, partners, and lenders the thought process behind selecting a location that enhances market visibility, customer access, and operations efficiency.

In this guide, we’ll guide you through the importance of these elements and how to incorporate them in your business plan. Let’s dive in!

Why Do We Include it in a Business Plan?

In a business plan, the section on a business’s location and facility is crucial for providing readers with essential context about where and how the company operates.

This information typically resides in the business overview section. It should includes details on location and facilities helps stakeholders understand the strategic choices behind site selection. Especially it should be clear as how these decisions support the business’s operations, market presence (visibility), and growth potential.

It conveys to investors, lenders, and partners the thoughtfulness behind location selection (highlighting access to markets, resources, and talent – see more on that below) while the description of the facility underscores the business’s capacity for production, service delivery, and scalability.

Why Location is Important

The choice of location and facility is more than just a logistical decision; it is a strategic one that can significantly influence the overall success and growth trajectory of a business.

Indeed, a prime location enhances visibility, ensuring your business is easily accessible and noticeable to your target market . This visibility is crucial for attracting foot traffic in retail, but it’s equally important for businesses in the service sector to be within reach of their client base.

Furthermore, being situated in a vibrant, thriving area can boost brand recognition and help in crafting a strong, positive public perception.

Simplify operations

Operational efficiency is yet another factor directly impacted by the choice of location. The right location minimizes logistical hurdles and can significantly reduce costs and time associated with transportation and distribution.

For businesses that rely heavily on shipping or receiving goods, being near major highways, ports, or logistics hubs can streamline operations and improve supply chain efficiency.

Access to talent

Access to talent is another critical consideration that depends heavily on location. Operating in or near urban centers or regions known for specific industries can make it easier to attract and retain skilled employees.

For example, proximity to universities, technical schools, and other educational institutions can also be beneficial, providing a steady pipeline of qualified graduates eager to join the workforce. This access to a diverse talent pool can drive innovation, enhance service delivery, and ultimately contribute to the competitive edge of a business.

Why Facility is Important

It’s very important to give details on the business’ facility especially if it is a customer-facing or a manufacturing / supply-side operations business.

For customer-facing businesses (clinics, hotels, restaurants gyms, retail stores, real estate agencies, etc.), the facility’s design, ambiance, and accessibility play a significant role in attracting and retaining customers.

For manufacturing or supply-side operations (brewery, equipment rental, courier, storage, etc.), a facility with the right technical specifications and equipment ensures quality and efficiency in production and supply chain.

Important factors to include here:

• Size and Scalability: Guide readers on choosing a facility size that not only meets current needs but also allows for future growth.
• Layout Efficiency: Discuss how the layout affects operational efficiency, employee productivity, and customer satisfaction.
• Technology and Infrastructure: Highlight the necessity of technological infrastructure and other facilities for business operations.
• Safety and Compliance: Remind readers of the importance of safety standards and compliance with regulations in facility selection.

How to Present Location and Facility in Your Business Plan

Here are 5 simple steps to present location and facility in your business plan:

• Describe the Location: Provide detailed information about the business location, including the address, the geographical area, and why this location is strategic.
• Outline the Facilities: Describe the physical premises of the business. Include details about the size, layout, capacity, and any unique features of the facility.
• Justify the Choices: Explain why the chosen location and facility are optimal for the business objectives. Include data or research that supports these choices.
• Visual Elements: Encourage the use of photographs, maps, and floor plans to give readers a visual understanding of the location and facility.
• Future Plans: Discuss any future plans for expansion or relocation, if applicable, and how this fits into the business’s growth strategy.

Privacy Overview

How to write the location section of your business plan?

By now, you must already be in the process of writing your business plan. Each subsection or section included in this document is important in its own way and serves a specific purpose.

The location subsection is one such and is likely to be of great interest to investors and other stakeholders. It helps them understand whether or not your business could be a success based on the characteristics of the area.

This subsection is part of the overall “company presentation” section and is usually grouped with the presentation of the structure and ownership of the business and the management team involved in operations.

But, how do you ensure that the location section is well-written and provides readers the detail they want to see?

Let’s take a look at this in more detail!

In this guide:

What is the objective of the location section of your business plan?

How long should the location section of your business plan be, what information do i include in the location section of my business plan, example of the location presentation in a business plan, what tools should i use to write my business plan.

The main reason why stakeholders might be interested in this information is to understand the serviceable areas that your business targets. In this section, our main emphasis will be on answering the “why here” question that may arise in the minds of the readers.

The area in which a business is located has a significant impact on both its profitability and long-term performance. Businesses are more likely to thrive in areas with easy access to higher-skilled labor and quality infrastructure (i.e. transportation). 

The location section of your business plan helps financiers understand the commercial potential and the risks of investing in your business.

Whilst digital transformation has allowed people to “come together” regardless of where they are located, some investors still prefer to consider the effects of agglomeration. 

Agglomeration refers to the geographical proximity between businesses and/or people and what effects it has on the operations and profitability of the business. 

Location is the key for any business. Let’s talk about how location matters for different types of businesses.

High street shops/businesses

Location is the primary driver of success for these types of businesses because they rely on the number of customers that walk in or are attracted by the storefront. If you operate a high street shop, explaining the attractiveness of the area is critical for your business plan.

For instance, your business might be located near a famous landmark (more so in country towns). Besides this, you should understand the risks associated with the location to the reader of the plan. These risks may include the ability to access the store, limited car parking, access to public transport, etc.

Industrial businesses

Following are some of the business types that may be categorized as industrial businesses. Needless to say that the location section of the business plan is essential for these types of businesses. 

Manufacturing facilities:

While writing a business plan for an industrial business, the location section should include details regarding the production capacity. How are raw materials obtained, how are finished goods manufactured and then shipped to the selling points.

Access to the workforce, energy, water, and environmental aspects should all be considered too. The environmental aspects include waste management, remediation in case of soil contamination, etc.

The logistics:

In the case of logistical businesses, the location section should cover the ease of access to the point of sales and the details regarding any warehouses or logistic hubs involved.

Hospitality businesses

If your business plan discusses food places, the location section should mention the cultures and preferences of locals. This will help the investor or lender determine whether or not your business model suits customer needs.

Need a convincing business plan?

The Business Plan Shop makes it easy to create a financial forecast to assess the potential profitability of your projects, and write a business plan that’ll wow investors.

When it comes to the location section of your business plan, you should aim to include as much information as possible, as long as it’s relevant. Put yourself in the shoes of the reader. You don’t want to be asking questions that could be easily answered by the document itself.

Be sure to answer:

• Why is the business located here? 
• How secure is the future of the location? Does the lease expire soon?
• Is the workplace safe and secure for employees?
• Is there an abundance of quality staff in the area?
• Are the premises easily accessible (public transport, parking, etc.)?
• How attractive is the catchment area? How much foot traffic is expected?

All these questions are crucial to the success of the business.

A general rule of thumb is that you must cover as much information as possible in 2-3 paragraphs per location.

The size will also depend on the structure of your business:

• A single location business (hairdressing salon or off-licence for example) need to be quite exhaustive as the business is 100% reliant on that location
• A chain with dozens or hundreds of implantations can afford to present locations at a higher level as there is some level of diversification in the overall premises portfolio
• An integrated business with both manufacturing facilities and sale points will probably need to write a slightly longer presentation in order to cover all aspects

To give you a better idea about the information to be added to the location section of your business plan, we’ve categorized it into four categories:

Business location

In this section, you need to state the full location and the exact address of the business. If possible, ensure that your business is listed on Google Maps so that readers can view the location easily. Mention all of the locations if you have more than one branch.

Also, if the business plan includes any plans for future expansion, the details of future location should also be mentioned here. 

In some cases, readers might be interested in the structure of the building in which the business is located. In that case, make sure to explain the general design of the building. This may include mentioning what’s on the first floor, second floor, etc.  

You might also want to provide a graphical representation i.e., a map that shows where your business is located and other brands or competitors in the area, a floor plan showing the layout of the premises.

Serviceable area

Another good practice is to include an explanation of your business’s serviceable area in your business plan. This is defined as the geographical region or territory where your business can effectively provide its products or services. 

You should also focus on why you chose that area in particular and what was the rationale behind it. Factors which may be discussed include convenience and easy access to suppliers.

One of the most attractive features of any location is vast parking availability and accessibility. You can use this opportunity to give a positive impression to the stakeholders regarding your venue.

You can also explain how customers, suppliers, and employees will access your business, including parking options. Writing about serviceable areas also helps readers form a picture of the type of customers who could benefit from your business (families on holidays, business executives, etc.).

Lease terms

The location section of the business plan should provide basic information about the terms of any lease you have signed for the property, such as length, rental rate, and any special clauses.

This is an essential piece of information that can have a significant influence in determining whether your business plan will be successful or not, financially.

Access to facilities

Another piece of information that you may add to the location section of your business plan is the ease of access to common facilities. 

Customers usually prefer to visit areas with significant facilities such as transportation, local infrastructure, and any other amenities that your business might offer customers.

Need inspiration for your business plan?

The Business Plan Shop has dozens of business plan templates that you can use to get a clear idea of what a complete business plan looks like.

Below is an example of how the location section of your business plan might look like. As you can see, it coincides with the structure and ownership subsection and the management team.

There is a graphical representation of where the business is located, its exact address, information about what the venue includes internally and how close or far it is from infrastructure.

This example was taken from one of our business plan templates .

In this section, we will review three solutions for creating a business plan for your business: using Word and Excel, hiring a consultant to write the business plan, and utilizing an online business plan software.

Create your business plan using Word or Excel

This is the old-fashioned way of creating a business plan (1990s style) and using Word or Excel has both pros and cons.

On the one hand, using either of these two programs is cheap and they are widely available. 

However, creating an error-free financial forecast with Excel is only possible if you have expertise in accounting and financial modeling.

Because of that investors and lenders might not trust the accuracy of your forecast unless you have a degree in finance or accounting.

Also, writing a business plan using Word means starting from scratch and formatting the document yourself once written - a process that can be quite tedious - especially when the numbers change and you need to manually update all the tables and text.

Ultimately, it's up to the business owner to decide which program is right for them and whether they have the expertise or resources needed to make Excel work. 

Hire a consultant to write your business plan

Outsourcing your business plan to a consultant can be a viable option, but it also presents certain drawbacks. 

On the plus side, consultants are experienced in writing business plans and adept at creating financial forecasts without errors. Furthermore, hiring a consultant can save you time and allow you to focus on the day-to-day operations of your business.

However, hiring consultants is expensive: budget at least £1.5k ($2.0k) for a complete business plan, more if you need to make changes after the initial version (which happens frequently after the first meetings with lenders).

For these reasons, outsourcing the plan to a consultant or accountant should be considered carefully, weighing both the advantages and disadvantages of hiring outside help.

Ultimately, it may be the right decision for some businesses, while others may find it beneficial to write their own business plan using an online software.

Use an online business plan software for your business plan

Another alternative is to use online business plan software .

There are several advantages to using specialized software:

• You are guided through the writing process by detailed instructions and examples for each part of the plan
• You can be inspired by already written business plan templates
• You can easily make your financial forecast by letting the software take care of the financial calculations for you without errors
• You get a professional document, formatted and ready to be sent to your bank
• The software will enable you to easily track your actual financial performance against your forecast and update your forecast as time goes by

If you're interested in using this type of solution, you can try our software for free by signing up here .

The location section of a business plan is very important for both startups and established businesses alike. Giving an attractive outlook of your business’s location, can help you find a business partner or secure capital. 

This information mainly includes details about the location of the business, the structure of the building, and the facilities that are available for the workers and customers. This information can help readers decide whether they want to be a part of your business or not. 

Also on The Business Plan Shop

• 7 tips for writing an effective business plan
• How to do a market analysis for a business plan
• How to write the structure and ownership section of your business plan
• How to write the products and services section of your business plan
• How to present the management team in your business plan

Know someone who needs to add the location to their business plan? Share this guide with them!

Founder & CEO at The Business Plan Shop Ltd

Guillaume Le Brouster is a seasoned entrepreneur and financier.

Guillaume has been an entrepreneur for more than a decade and has first-hand experience of starting, running, and growing a successful business.

Prior to being a business owner, Guillaume worked in investment banking and private equity, where he spent most of his time creating complex financial forecasts, writing business plans, and analysing financial statements to make financing and investment decisions.

Guillaume holds a Master's Degree in Finance from ESCP Business School and a Bachelor of Science in Business & Management from Paris Dauphine University.

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How to Write a Business Plan (Plus Examples & Templates)

May 24, 2021

Have you ever wondered how to write a business plan step by step? Mike Andes, told us: 

This guide will help you write a business plan to impress investors.

Throughout this process, we’ll get information from Mike Andes, who started Augusta Lawn Care Services when he was 12 and turned it into a franchise with over 90 locations. He has gone on to help others learn how to write business plans and start businesses.  He knows a thing or two about writing  business plans!

We’ll start by discussing the definition of a business plan. Then we’ll discuss how to come up with the idea, how to do the market research, and then the important elements in the business plan format. Keep reading to start your journey!

What Is a Business Plan?

A business plan is simply a road map of what you are trying to achieve with your business and how you will go about achieving it. It should cover all elements of your business including: 

• Finding customers
• Plans for developing a team
•  Competition
• Legal structures
• Key milestones you are pursuing

If you aren’t quite ready to create a business plan, consider starting by reading our business startup guide .

Get a Business Idea

Before you can write a business plan, you have to have a business idea. You may see a problem that needs to be solved and have an idea how to solve it, or you might start by evaluating your interests and skills. 

Mike told us, “The three things I suggest asking yourself when thinking about starting a business are:

• What am I good at?
• What would I enjoy doing?
• What can I get paid for?”

If all three of these questions don’t lead to at least one common answer, it will probably be a much harder road to success. Either there is not much market for it, you won’t be good at it, or you won’t enjoy doing it. 

As Mike told us, “There’s enough stress starting and running a business that if you don’t like it or aren’t good at it, it’s hard to succeed.”

If you’d like to hear more about Mike’s approach to starting a business, check out our YouTube video

Conduct Market Analysis

Market analysis is focused on establishing if there is a target market for your products and services, how large the target market is, and identifying the demographics of people or businesses that would be interested in the product or service. The goal here is to establish how much money your business concept can make.

Product and Service Demand

A search engine is your best friend when trying to figure out if there is demand for your products and services. Personally, I love using presearch.org because it lets you directly search on a ton of different platforms including Google, Youtube, Twitter, and more. Check out the screenshot for the full list of search options.

With quick web searches, you can find out how many competitors you have, look through their reviews, and see if there are common complaints about the competitors. Bad reviews are a great place to find opportunities to offer better products or services. 

If there are no similar products or services, you may have stumbled upon something new, or there may just be no demand for it. To find out, go talk to your most honest friend about the idea and see what they think. If they tell you it’s dumb or stare at you vacantly, there’s probably no market for it.

You can also conduct a survey through social media to get public opinion on your idea. Using Facebook Business Manager , you could get a feel for who would be interested in your product or service.

 I ran a quick test of how many people between 18-65  you could reach in the U.S. during a week. It returned an estimated 700-2,000 for the total number of leads, which is enough to do a fairly accurate statistical analysis.

Identify Demographics of Target Market

Depending on what type of business you want to run, your target market will be different. The narrower the demographic, the fewer potential customers you’ll have. If you did a survey, you’ll be able to use that data to help define your target audience. Some considerations you’ll want to consider are:

• Other Interests
• Marital Status
• Do they have kids?

Once you have this information, it can help you narrow down your options for location and help define your marketing further. One resource that Mike recommended using is the Census Bureau’s Quick Facts Map . He told us,  

“It helps you quickly evaluate what the best areas are for your business to be located.”

How to Write a Business Plan

Now that you’ve developed your idea a little and established there is a market for it, you can begin writing a business plan. Getting started is easier with the business plan template we created for you to download. I strongly recommend using it as it is updated to make it easier to create an action plan. 

Each of the following should be a section of your business plan:

• Business Plan Cover Page
• Table of Contents
• Executive Summary
• Company Description
• Description of Products and Services

SWOT Analysis

• Competitor Data
• Competitive Analysis
• Marketing Expenses Strategy 

Pricing Strategy

• Distribution Channel Assessment
• Operational Plan
• Management and Organizational Strategy
• Financial Statements and/or Financial Projections

We’ll look into each of these. Don’t forget to download our free business plan template (mentioned just above) so you can follow along as we go. 

How to Write a Business Plan Step 1. Create a Cover Page

The first thing investors will see is the cover page for your business plan. Make sure it looks professional. A great cover page shows that you think about first impressions.

A good business plan should have the following elements on a cover page:

• Professionally designed logo
• Company name
• Mission or Vision Statement
• Contact Info

Basically, think of a cover page for your business plan like a giant business card. It is meant to capture people’s attention but be quickly processed.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 2. Create a Table of Contents

Most people are busy enough that they don’t have a lot of time. Providing a table of contents makes it easy for them to find the pages of your plan that are meaningful to them.

A table of contents will be immediately after the cover page, but you can include it after the executive summary. Including the table of contents immediately after the executive summary will help investors know what section of your business plan they want to review more thoroughly.

Check out Canva’s article about creating a  table of contents . It has a ton of great information about creating easy access to each section of your business plan. Just remember that you’ll want to use different strategies for digital and hard copy business plans.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 3. Write an Executive Summary

An executive summary is where your business plan should catch the readers interest.  It doesn’t need to be long, but should be quick and easy to read.

Mike told us,

How long should an executive summary bein an informal business plan?

For casual use, an executive summary should be similar to an elevator pitch, no more than 150-160 words, just enough to get them interested and wanting more. Indeed has a great article on elevator pitches .  This can also be used for the content of emails to get readers’ attention.

It consists of three basic parts:

• An introduction to you and your business.
• What your business is about.
• A call to action

Example of an informal executive summary 

One of the best elevator pitches I’ve used is:

So far that pitch has achieved a 100% success rate in getting partnerships for the business.

What should I include in an executive summary for investors?

Investors are going to need a more detailed executive summary if you want to secure financing or sell equity. The executive summary should be a brief overview of your entire business plan and include:

• Introduction of yourself and company.
• An origin story (Recognition of a problem and how you came to solution)
• An introduction to your products or services.
• Your unique value proposition. Make sure to include intellectual property.
• Where you are in the business life cycle
• Request and why you need it.

Successful business plan examples

The owner of Urbanity told us he spent 2 months writing a 75-page business plan and received a $250,000 loan from the bank when he was 23. Make your business plan as detailed as possible when looking for financing. We’ve provided a template to help you prepare the portions of a business plan that banks expect.

Here’s the interview with the owner of Urbanity:

When to write an executive summary?

Even though the summary is near the beginning of a business plan, you should write it after you complete the rest of a business plan. You can’t talk about revenue, profits, and expected expenditures if you haven’t done the market research and created a financial plan.

What mistakes do people make when writing an executive summary?

Business owners commonly go into too much detail about the following items in an executive summary:

• Marketing and sales processes
• Financial statements
• Organizational structure
• Market analysis

These are things that people will want to know later, but they don’t hook the reader. They won’t spark interest in your small business, but they’ll close the deal.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 4. Company Description

Every business plan should include a company description. A great business plan will include the following elements while describing the company:

• Mission statement
• Philosophy and vision
• Company goals

Target market

• Legal structure

Let’s take a look at what each section includes in a good business plan.

Mission Statement

A mission statement is a brief explanation of why you started the company and what the company’s main focus is. It should be no more than one or two sentences. Check out HubSpot’s article 27 Inspiring Mission Statement for a great read on informative and inspiring mission and vision statements. 

Company Philosophy and Vision

The company philosophy is what drives your company. You’ll normally hear them called core values.  These are the building blocks that make your company different. You want to communicate your values to customers, business owners, and investors as often as possible to build a company culture, but make sure to back them up.

What makes your company different?

Each company is different. Your new business should rise above the standard company lines of honesty, integrity, fun, innovation, and community when communicating your business values. The standard answers are corporate jargon and lack authenticity. 

Examples of core values

One of my clients decided to add a core values page to their website. As a tech company they emphasized the values:

•  Prioritize communication.
•  Never stop learning.
•  Be transparent.
•  Start small and grow incrementally.

These values communicate how the owner and the rest of the company operate. They also show a value proposition and competitive advantage because they specifically focus on delivering business value from the start. These values also genuinely show what the company is about and customers recognize the sincerity. Indeed has a great blog about how to identify your core values .

What is a vision statement?

A vision statement communicate the long lasting change a business pursues. The vision helps investors and customers understand what your company is trying to accomplish. The vision statement goes beyond a mission statement to provide something meaningful to the community, customer’s lives, or even the world.

Example vision statements

The Alzheimer’s Association is a great example of a vision statement:

A world without Alzheimer’s Disease and other dementia.

It clearly tells how they want to change the world. A world without Alzheimers might be unachievable, but that means they always have room for improvement.

Business Goals

You have to measure success against goals for a business plan to be meaningful. A business plan helps guide a company similar to how your GPS provides a road map to your favorite travel destination. A goal to make as much money as possible is not inspirational and sounds greedy.

Sure, business owners want to increase their profits and improve customer service, but they need to present an overview of what they consider success. The goals should help everyone prioritize their work.

How far in advance should a business plan?

Business planning should be done at least one year in advance, but many banks and investors prefer three to five year business plans. Longer plans show investors that the management team  understands the market and knows the business is operating in a constantly shifting market. In addition, a plan helps businesses to adjust to changes because they have already considered how to handle them.

Example of great business goals

My all time-favorite long-term company goals are included in Tesla’s Master Plan, Part Deux . These goals were written in 2016 and drive the company’s decisions through 2026. They are the reason that investors are so forgiving when Elon Musk continually fails to meet his quarterly and annual goals.

If the progress aligns with the business plan investors are likely to continue to believe in the company. Just make sure the goals are reasonable or you’ll be discredited (unless you’re Elon Musk).

You did target market research before creating a business plan. Now it’s time to add it to the plan so others understand what your ideal customer looks like. As a new business owner, you may not be considered an expert in your field yet, so document everything. Make sure the references you use are from respectable sources. 

Use information from the specific lender when you are applying for lending. Most lenders provide industry research reports and using their data can strengthen the position of your business plan.

A small business plan should include a section on the external environment. Understanding the industry is crucial because we don’t plan a business in a vacuum. Make sure to research the industry trends, competitors, and forecasts. I personally prefer IBIS World for my business research. Make sure to answer questions like:

• What is the industry outlook long-term and short-term?
• How will your business take advantage of projected industry changes and trends?
• What might happen to your competitors and how will your business successfully compete?

Industry resources

Some helpful resources to help you establish more about your industry are:

• Trade Associations
• Federal Reserve
• Bureau of Labor Statistics

Legal Structure

There are five basic types of legal structures that most people will utilize:

• Sole proprietorships
• Limited Liability Companies (LLC)

Partnerships

Corporations.

• Franchises.

Each business structure has their pros and cons. An LLC is the most common legal structure due to its protection of personal assets and ease of setting up. Make sure to specify how ownership is divided and what roles each owner plays when you have more than one business owner.

You’ll have to decide which structure is best for you, but we’ve gathered information on each to make it easier.

Sole Proprietorship

A sole proprietorship is the easiest legal structure to set up but doesn’t protect the owner’s personal assets from legal issues. That means if something goes wrong, you could lose both your company and your home.

To start a sole proprietorship, fill out a special tax form called a  Schedule C . Sole proprietors can also join the American Independent Business Alliance .

Limited Liability Company (LLC)

An LLC is the most common business structure used in the United States because an LLC protects the owner’s personal assets. It’s similar to partnerships and corporations, but can be a single-member LLC in most states. An LLC requires a document called an operating agreement.

Each state has different requirements. Here’s a link to find your state’s requirements . Delaware and Nevada are common states to file an LLC because they are really business-friendly. Here’s a blog on the top 10 states to get an LLC.

Partnerships are typically for legal firms. If you choose to use a partnership choose a Limited Liability Partnership. Alternatively, you can just use an LLC.

Corporations are typically for massive organizations. Corporations have taxes on both corporate and income tax so unless you plan on selling stock, you are better off considering an LLC with S-Corp status . Investopedia has good information corporations here .

There are several opportunities to purchase successful franchises. TopFranchise.com has a list of companies in a variety of industries that offer franchise opportunities. This makes it where an entrepreneur can benefit from the reputation of an established business that has already worked out many of the kinks of starting from scratch.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 5. Products and Services

This section of the business plan should focus on what you sell, how you source it, and how you sell it. You should include:

• Unique features that differentiate your business products from competitors
• Intellectual property
• Your supply chain
• Cost and pricing structure 

Questions to answer about your products and services

Mike gave us a list  of the most important questions to answer about your product and services:

• How will you be selling the product? (in person, ecommerce, wholesale, direct to consumer)?
• How do you let them know they need a product?
• How do you communicate the message?
• How will you do transactions?
• How much will you be selling it for?
• How many do you think you’ll sell and why?

Make sure to use the worksheet on our business plan template .

How to Write a Business Plan Step 6. Sales and Marketing Plan

The marketing and sales plan is focused on the strategy to bring awareness to your company and guides how you will get the product to the consumer.  It should contain the following sections:

SWOT Analysis stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Not only do you want to identify them, but you also want to document how the business plans to deal with them.

Business owners need to do a thorough job documenting how their service or product stacks up against the competition.

If proper research isn’t done, investors will be able to tell that the owner hasn’t researched the competition and is less likely to believe that the team can protect its service from threats by the more well-established competition. This is one of the most common parts of a presentation that trips up business owners presenting on Shark Tank .

SWOT Examples

Examples of strengths and weaknesses could be things like the lack of cash flow, intellectual property ownership, high costs of suppliers, and customers’ expectations on shipping times.

Opportunities could be ways to capitalize on your strengths or improve your weaknesses, but may also be gaps in the industry. This includes:

• Adding offerings that fit with your current small business
• Increase sales to current customers
• Reducing costs through bulk ordering
• Finding ways to reduce inventory
•  And other areas you can improve

Threats will normally come from outside of the company but could also be things like losing a key member of the team. Threats normally come from competition, regulations, taxes, and unforeseen events.

The management team should use the SWOT analysis to guide other areas of business planning, but it absolutely has to be done before a business owner starts marketing. 

Include Competitor Data in Your Business Plan

When you plan a business, taking into consideration the strengths and weaknesses of the competition is key to navigating the field. Providing an overview of your competition and where they are headed shows that you are invested in understanding the industry.

For smaller businesses, you’ll want to search both the company and the owners names to see what they are working on. For publicly held corporations, you can find their quarterly and annual reports on the SEC website .

What another business plans to do can impact your business. Make sure to include things that might make it attractive for bigger companies to outsource to a small business.

Marketing Strategy

The marketing and sales part of business plans should be focused on how you are going to make potential customers aware of your business and then sell to them.

If you haven’t already included it, Mike recommends:

“They’ll want to know about Demographics, ages, and wealth of your target market.”

Make sure to include the Total addressable market .  The term refers to the value if you captured 100% of the market.

Advertising Strategy

You’ll explain what formats of advertising you’ll be using. Some possibilities are:

• Online: Facebook and Google are the big names to work with here.
• Print : Print can be used to reach broad groups or targeted markets. Check out this for tips .
• Radio : iHeartMedia is one of the best ways to advertise on the radio
• Cable television : High priced, hard to measure ROI, but here’s an explanation of the process
• Billboards: Attracting customers with billboards can be beneficial in high traffic areas.

You’ll want to define how you’ll be using each including frequency, duration, and cost. If you have the materials already created, including pictures or links to the marketing to show creative assets.

Mike told us “Most businesses are marketing digitally now due to Covid, but that’s not always the right answer.”

Make sure the marketing strategy will help team members or external marketing agencies stay within the brand guidelines .

This section of a business plan should be focused on pricing. There are a ton of pricing strategies that may work for different business plans. Which one will work for you depends on what kind of a business you run.

Some common pricing strategies are:

• Value-based pricing – Commonly used with home buying and selling or other products that are status symbols.
• Skimming pricing – Commonly seen in video game consoles, price starts off high to recoup expenses quickly, then reduces over time.
• Competition-based pricing – Pricing based on competitors’ pricing is commonly seen at gas stations.
• Freemium services –  Commonly used for software, where there is a free plan, then purchase options for more functionality.

HubSpot has a great calculator and blog on pricing strategies.

Beyond explaining what strategy your business plans to use, you should include references for how you came to this pricing strategy and how it will impact your cash flow.

Distribution Plan

This part of a business plan is focused on how the product or service is going to go through the supply chain. These may include multiple divisions or multiple companies. Make sure to include any parts of the workflow that are automated so investors can see where cost savings are expected and when.

Supply Chain Examples

For instance, lawn care companies  would need to cover aspects such as:

• Suppliers for lawn care equipment and tools
• Any chemicals or treatments needed
• Repair parts for sprinkler systems
• Vehicles to transport equipment and employees
• Insurance to protect the company vehicles and people.

Examples of Supply Chains

These are fairly flat supply chains compared to something like a clothing designer where the clothes would go through multiple vendors. A clothing company might have the following supply chain:

• Raw materials
• Shipping of raw materials
• Converting of raw materials to thread
• Shipping thread to produce garments
• Garment producer
• Shipping to company
• Company storage
• Shipping to retail stores

There have been advances such as print on demand that eliminate many of these steps. If you are designing completely custom clothing, all of this would need to be planned to keep from having business disruptions.

The main thing to include in the business plan is the list of suppliers, the path the supply chain follows, the time from order to the customer’s home, and the costs associated with each step of the process.

According to BizPlanReview , a business plan without this information is likely to get rejected because they have failed to research the key elements necessary to make sales to the customer.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 7. Company Organization and Operational Plan

This part of the business plan is focused on how the business model will function while serving customers.  The business plan should provide an overview of  how the team will manage the following aspects:

Quality Control

• Legal environment

Let’s look at each for some insight.

Production has already been discussed in previous sections so I won’t go into it much. When writing a business plan for investors, try to avoid repetition as it creates a more simple business plan.

If the organizational plan will be used by the team as an overview of how to perform the best services for the customer, then redundancy makes more sense as it communicates what is important to the business.

Quality control policies help to keep the team focused on how to verify that the company adheres to the business plan and meets or exceeds customer expectations.

Quality control can be anything from a standard that says “all labels on shirts can be no more than 1/16″ off center” to a defined checklist of steps that should be performed and filled out for every customer.

There are a variety of organizations that help define quality control including:

• International Organization for Standardization – Quality standards for energy, technology, food, production environments, and cybersecurity
• AICPA – Standard defined for accounting.
• The Joint Commission – Healthcare
• ASHRAE – HVAC best practices

You can find lists of the organizations that contribute most to the government regulation of industries on Open Secrets . Research what the leaders in your field are doing. Follow their example and implement it in your quality control plan.

For location, you should use information from the market research to establish where the location will be. Make sure to include the following in the location documentation.

• The size of your location
• The type of building (retail, industrial, commercial, etc.)
• Zoning restrictions – Urban Wire has a good map on how zoning works in each state
• Accessibility – Does it meet ADA requirements?
• Costs including rent, maintenance, utilities, insurance and any buildout or remodeling costs
• Utilities – b.e.f. has a good energy calculator .

Legal Environment

The legal requirement section is focused on defining how to meet the legal requirements for your industry. A good business plan should include all of the following:

• Any licenses and/or permits that are needed and whether you’ve obtained them
• Any trademarks, copyrights, or patents that you have or are in the process of applying for
• The insurance coverage your business requires and how much it costs
• Any environmental, health, or workplace regulations affecting your business
• Any special regulations affecting your industry
• Bonding requirements, if applicable

Your local SBA office can help you establish requirements in your area. I strongly recommend using them. They are a great resource.

Your business plan should include a plan for company organization and hiring. While you may be the only person with the company right now, down the road you’ll need more people. Make sure to consider and document the answers to the following questions:

• What is the current leadership structure and what will it look like in the future?
• What types of employees will you have? Are there any licensing or educational requirements?
• How many employees will you need?
• Will you ever hire freelancers or independent contractors?
• What is each position’s job description?
• What is the pay structure (hourly, salaried, base plus commission, etc.)?
• How do you plan to find qualified employees and contractors?

One of the most crucial parts of a business plan is the organizational chart. This simply shows the positions the company will need, who is in charge of them and the relationship of each of them. It will look similar to this:

Our small business plan template has a much more in-depth organizational chart you can edit to include when you include the organizational chart in your business plan.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 8. Financial Statements 

No business plan is complete without financial statements or financial projections. The business plan format will be different based on whether you are writing a business plan to expand a business or a startup business plan. Let’s dig deeper into each.

Provide All Financial Income from an Existing Business

An existing business should use their past financial documents including the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement to find trends to estimate the next 3-5 years.

You can create easy trendlines in excel to predict future revenue, profit and loss, cash flow, and other changes in year-over-year performance. This will show your expected performance assuming business continues as normal.

If you are seeking an investment, then the business is probably not going to continue as normal. Depending on the financial plan and the purpose of getting financing, adjustments may be needed to the following:

• Higher Revenue if expanding business
• Lower Cost of Goods Sold if purchasing inventory with bulk discounts
• Adding interest if utilizing financing (not equity deal)
• Changes in expenses
• Addition of financing information to the cash flow statement
• Changes in Earnings per Share on the balance sheet

Financial modeling is a challenging subject, but there are plenty of low-cost courses on the subject. If you need help planning your business financial documentation take some time to watch some of them.

Make it a point to document how you calculated all the changes to the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement in your business plan so that key team members or investors can verify your research.

Financial Projections For A Startup Business Plan

Unlike an existing business, a startup doesn’t have previous success to model its future performance. In this scenario, you need to focus on how to make a business plan realistic through the use of industry research and averages.

Mike gave the following advice in his interview:

Financial Forecasting Mistakes

One of the things a lot of inexperienced people use is the argument, “If I get one percent of the market, it is worth $100 million.” If you use this, investors are likely to file the document under bad business plan examples.

Let’s use custom t-shirts as an example.

Credence Research estimated in 2018 there were 11,334,800,000 custom t-shirts sold for a total of $206.12 Billion, with a 6% compound annual growth rate.

With that data,  you can calculate that the industry will grow to $270 Billion in 2023 and that the average shirt sold creates $18.18 in revenue.

Combine that with an IBIS World estimate of 11,094 custom screen printers and that means even if you become an average seller, you’ll get .009% of the market.

Here’s a table for easier viewing of that information.

The point here is to make sure your business proposal examples make sense.

You’ll need to know industry averages such as cost of customer acquisition, revenue per customer, the average cost of goods sold, and admin costs to be able to create accurate estimates.

Our simple business plan templates walk you through most of these processes. If you follow them you’ll have a good idea of how to write a business proposal.

How to Write a Business Plan Step 9. Business Plan Example of Funding Requests

What is a business plan without a plan on how to obtain funding?

The Small Business Administration has an example for a pizza restaurant that theoretically needed nearly $20k to make it through their first month.

In our video, How to Start a $500K/Year T-Shirt Business (Pt. 1 ), Sanford Booth told us he needed about $200,000 to start his franchise and broke even after 4 months.

Freshbooks estimates it takes on average 2-3 years for a business to be profitable, which means the fictitious pizza company from the SBA could need up to $330k to make it through that time and still pay their bills for their home and pizza shop.

Not every business needs that much to start, but realistically it’s a good idea to assume that you need a fairly large cushion.

Ways to get funding for a small business

There are a variety of ways to cover this. the most common are:

• Bootstrapping – Using your savings without external funding.
• Taking out debt – loans, credit cards
• Equity, Seed Funding – Ownership of a percentage of the company in exchange for current funds
• Crowdsourcing – Promising a good for funding to create the product

Keep reading for more tips on how to write a business plan.

How funding will be used

When asking for business financing make sure to include:

• How much to get started?
• What is the minimum viable product and how soon can you make money?
• How will the money be spent?

Mike emphasized two aspects that should be included in every plan, 

How to Write a Business Plan Resources

Here are some links to a business plan sample and business plan outline. 

• Sample plan

It’s also helpful to follow some of the leading influencers in the business plan writing community. Here’s a list:

• Wise Plans –  Shares a lot of information on starting businesses and is a business plan writing company.
• Optimus Business Plans –  Another business plan writing company.
• Venture Capital – A venture capital thread that can help give you ideas.

How to Write a Business Plan: What’s Next?

We hope this guide about how to write a simple business plan step by step has been helpful. We’ve covered:

• The definition of a business plan
• Coming up with a business idea
• Performing market research
• The critical components of a business plan
• An example business plan

In addition, we provided you with a simple business plan template to assist you in the process of writing your startup business plan. The startup business plan template also includes a business model template that will be the key to your success.

Don’t forget to check out the rest of our business hub .

Have you written a business plan before? How did it impact your ability to achieve your goals?

80% of businesses fail... Learn how not to.

Learn from business failures and successes in 5 min or less. The stories, frameworks, and tactics that will make you a 10x better founder.

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Affiliate Marketing: The Ultimate Beginner's Guide (2024)

Are you struggling to monetize your digital assets? We’ll show you how to start affiliate marketing.

We talked with SEO guru Matt Diggity, who started Lead Spring in 2009 and has turned his affiliate marketing business into a $5 million-per-year revenue-generating machine. He told us:

[su_quote]I fell in love with it because it appeals to the gamer in me.[/su_quote]

We’ll share the best affiliate marketing strategies for search engine optimization and affiliate marketing to improve your own website revenue by discussing:

[su_note note_color="#dbeafc"]

What is affiliate marketing?

What is search engine optimization (seo), does affiliate marketing work, choose your niche, research affiliate programs, join affiliate programs, build a platform, create high-quality content, insert affiliate links, disclose your affiliate relationship, drive traffic, monitor and track performance, optimize for conversions, scale your efforts, stay compliant, how much do affiliate marketers make, what is the best affiliate program, where is the best place to start affiliate marketing.

• What kind of affiliate links will you use? [/su_note]

According to Matt, affiliate marketing is:

[su_quote] Getting people to buy products and earning a commission. You recommend a product using an affiliate link, the company tracks actions with a cookie, and when they buy something, you earn a commission. [/su_quote]

Matt explains that he uses search engine optimization to generate traffic and earn money from affiliate links.

Search engine optimization is focused on creating content that is valuable to users by focusing your writing on information that people regularly search for. Matt explained that SEO focuses on two main aspects:

• Create content.
• Get backlinks.

Yes, affiliate marketing works. While Matt is a rarity in the industry, plenty of affiliate marketers earn the equivalent of a full-time employee, and many more bring in enough with affiliate links for affiliate marketing to be a profitable side hustle .

How to become an affiliate marketer

Matt explains that you’ll need to perform the following tasks to start affiliate marketing:

• Pick a niche.
• Perform keyword research.
• Write content.

He’s oversimplified affiliate marketing a little, though. If you’re an absolute beginner in the affiliate marketing world, you’ll want to:

• Choose your niche.
• Research affiliate programs.
• Join affiliate programs.
• Build a platform.
• Create high-quality content.
• Insert affiliate links.

Select an affiliate niche that interests you and has a demand for products or services. Your passion and knowledge about your niche simplifies content creation and creates a better connection with your target audience.

Check out our content on business ideas to find an industry you’d like to choose as your affiliate niche. An online business will normally work best. People who sell courses online almost always have affiliate programs as do many online stores.

Affiliate marketing ideas

Affiliate marketers have opportunities in every industry. Affiliate sales tend to be the best in the following industries, though:

• Technology: Every business in the world needs software to operate more efficiently. Many Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) companies offer recurring affiliate income for as long as a client is a paying customer.
• Wealth Building: Referring customers to products that will help them build more wealth is another great strategy for affiliate income. It also tends to offer the highest profit for affiliate campaigns.
• Health and Fitness: Offering health and fitness advice is another way an affiliate marketer can make a great living. Documenting your own experience is the best testimonial in the world because people get to see the change in real time.
• Fashion and Beauty: Trendsetters and everyday consumers are eager to test the next thing in clothing, makeup, and self-care products. You can make extra income by reviewing the products you love and showing people how to use them.
• Lifestyle: Everything from self-improvement to van life, pregnancy to education counts as lifestyle content. People want hacks for how to make their lives better, and an affiliate marketer can make a great living sharing their tips.
• Hobby: Making affiliate income from your hobby can be a great niche for your affiliate website. Whether you love flying model planes, researching serial killers, or going to shows, there are sure to be affiliate campaigns that will appeal to people who enjoy your hobby.
• Pet Care: Our pets are like family and the affiliate marketing industry is thriving with products pet owners will love. Whether you want an affiliate business or just a little passive income, this niche is adorable!
• Travel: The majority of Americans plan to travel at least once this year. If you’re all about exploring the world, maybe an affiliate site will make you some extra money.
• Security and Survival: Content focused on protecting your way of life has a huge target market, and new technology can help your target audience protect themselves better.
• Non-Profit and Charity: Surprisingly, charitable organizations use affiliate marketing efforts to increase their charitable contributions. Check out some popular affiliate programs for this industry.

Once you’ve chosen a niche, it’s time to find different affiliate programs.

Once you’ve identified your affiliate niche, look for affiliate marketing products you want to market.

Some popular affiliate networks and platforms include:

• Commission Junction
• PartnerStack
• Rakuten Advertising
• eBay Partner Network
• Shopify affiliate program

WP Engine’s affiliate program

Fiverr’s affiliate program, convertkit’s affiliate program.

• Twitch’s affiliate program

Keep reading to learn more about each of these affiliate product platforms.

How to become an Amazon affiliate marketer

Just go to Amazon Associate Central and apply. Amazon Associates offers 1% to 20% commission on purchases.

Join Commission Junction

Join CJ to get access to top affiliate programs like Google Workspace, GoDaddy, NameCheap, Quickbooks, and Simply Business.

Join Impact

We use impact.com to refer people to companies like Divvy, SEMrush, Canva, and Credit Karma.

Apply for FlexOffers

FlexOffers has over 10,000 affiliate product offers to apply for, including Nike, Hulu, Samsung, and Microsoft.

Become an Audible affiliate

Audible Affiliates earn $15 per user by referring new members to the audiobook site.

Join ShareASale

ShareASale offers its own affiliate link you can use to refer both merchants and other people who want to get into the affiliate marketing industry. They also offer other programs like WP Engine, Gusto accounting software, and other high-ticket affiliate programs.

Join PartnerStack

PartnerStack is an affiliate marketing network with companies like AirDNA and SurferSEO. Apply on the ParnerStack affiliate site.

Try Rakuten’s affiliate website

Rakuten Advertising has partners like Hilton, JanSport (backpacks), and One-Travel. Go to their website to apply to share affiliate links from Rakuten.

How to become an eBay affiliate

You can join eBay’s affiliate program by going to eBay’s Partner Network website . We link to their Getting Started tutorial so you can learn more about it before signing up for the affiliate marketing program that makes between 1% and 6% on most sales.

How to join the Shopify affiliate program

Shopify affiliates gain access to a content gallery created to help affiliates succeed in affiliate marketing. You get $25 to $500 per item sold based on the location and paid package the user signs up for. There’s a catch, though. It’s invite only. Learn more .

WordPress (WP) Engine offers a generous affiliate program based on the higher of $200 per purchase or the first month’s costs. They also offer a 35% commission on StudioPress, a growing collection of responsive, SEO-optimized WordPress templates. Apply to become a WP Engine affiliate .

Use the affiliate program to refer new buyers to freelancer platform Fiverr and receive $15 to $150 depending on what jobs they commission. Plus, the hybrid model offers 10% revenue share. This is a great affiliate program for B2B affiliates because almost every company could use some extra help occasionally.

ConvertKit is an email marketing tool that offers a 30% commission for the first 24 months. That means you can make between $2.90 and $18,720 per referral over the course of two years. Become a ConvertKit affiliate .

How to become a Twitch affiliate

To become a Twitch affiliate, you’ll need to:

• Stream a minimum of 500 minutes in the last 30 days
• Broadcast a minimum of seven days in the last 30 days
• Average three or more concurrent viewers during the last 30 days
• Have a minimum of 50 Followers

As long as you meet these requirements, you’ll be sent an email invite to join the Twitch affiliate program, which provides you with a penny for each reaction during streams, plus a percentage of ad revenue. Learn more about the Twitch affiliate program .

After you’ve found the best affiliate marketing programs for your affiliate niche, sign up for the affiliate programs you’ve chosen. Most affiliate programs are free to join, but some may have specific requirements or restrictions.

You’ll need to:

• Apply for the affiliate networks you want to join. This will normally include providing your personal information and proof of web assets.
• Once you are approved on the affiliate network, you’ll want to submit any additional information to apply for each affiliate program. You’ll also need to submit the information to get paid by affiliate partners.
• Apply for the marketing campaigns you want to run on your affiliate sites. Many affiliate programs will have thresholds you have to meet to qualify to generate affiliate links. If you don’t qualify, wait until you meet their thresholds to apply.
• Wait for an approval.

What is an affiliate marketing program?

An affiliate marketing program is a structured arrangement established by a company or merchant to collaborate with individuals or entities (affiliates) who promote their products for a commission or referral fee. These programs are a popular form of online marketing where businesses leverage the efforts of affiliates to drive traffic, leads, and sales to their websites or offers.

Affiliate marketing programs benefit both merchants and affiliates. Merchants can expand their reach and boost sales without upfront advertising costs, while affiliates can earn commissions by promoting products or services they believe in or have expertise in.

It’s important for both merchants and affiliates to maintain transparency and ethical practices in affiliate marketing to build trust with customers and comply with regulations in their respective industries.

You’ll need a platform to promote affiliate products when you become an affiliate marketer. Consider running a blog, website, YouTube channel, social media profiles, or an email list. Anything that uses digital marketing will work as long as you have an audience.

There are a lot of people who create online courses then use affiliate marketing to sell other marketing automation tools that work well for eCommerce businesses. Choose the best platform to communicate with your target customers.

Visually interesting subjects will normally use video and image platforms like Instagram, YouTube , or TikTok. Meanwhile, writers might benefit more from blogs and Twitter.

Start creating valuable and engaging content related to your niche. This content can include articles, blog posts, product reviews, videos, podcasts, or social media posts. Your content should provide useful information, solve problems, or entertain your audience.

To create amazing content, you’ll need to:

• Research keywords to find what people are searching.
• Review competitors’ content.
• Create an outline (I normally just pull all the headings from competitors, reword them, analyze them, and rearrange them if anything looks out of place).
• Create enjoyable content for your audience.

Most affiliate marketing partners will go through three stages in their affiliate marketing journey:

• Unattached affiliate marketer
• Related affiliate marketer
• Involved affiliate marketer

Here’s what these affiliate marketing designations mean:

Unattached affiliate marketing

When you first get started you may not have any useful information to provide people and you’ll copy what others are doing. This is called unattached affiliate marketing, “zero-click,” or “linkless” affiliate marketing. These rely heavily on social media ads to build audiences.

Launch successful businesses and you will eventually develop the experience and authority to give others online marketing tips, at which point you’ll be more focused on the second type of affiliate marketing.

Related affiliate marketing

A related affiliate marketer focuses on products in their niche but hasn’t actually used them. It makes it hard to give a sincere review if you’ve never tested a product or service. Many customers see through this type of marketing as insincere and just trying to make a buck.

At least you’ve realized that you have to stay within your niche to participate in the best affiliate marketing programs available to affiliate marketers.

Involved affiliate marketing

The third stage affiliate marketers will enter involves showing they have expertise in the niche and with the product. At this point, you should be eligible for the best affiliate programs. You may even be assigned a dedicated affiliate manager, which may also be called a dedicated account manager.

An affiliate marketer using involved affiliate marketing has experience with their suggestions. That means they are telling their audience that the product has improved their lives in some way. When you endorse something that doesn’t work, it can harm your reputation.

The three levels of affiliate marketing intertwined

Affiliate marketers will normally find it difficult to jump to the final stage. Even if you are highly proficient at narrowing down your niche and you test the products, you won’t immediately be considered an expert. That means you’ll need some ads to expand your digital marketing chops.

As your online business grows and you become more of an authority, the need for paid ads may decrease and your testimonial will mean more because your audience knows you have the experience to judge the products.

Within your content, strategically insert affiliate links to the products or services you’re promoting. These links will include unique tracking codes that identify sales or leads generated through your referrals.

There are a few different ways to insert affiliate links. We’ll discuss:

• What are affiliate links
• How do affiliate links work

How to get affiliate links

How to create affiliate links, how to get affiliate links for amazon, how to set up affiliate links, what are affiliate links.

Affiliate links are links with a unique URL that tracks when a user comes to a page through another company’s web assets. An affiliate link records specific data to track sales, including:

• Affiliate username or ID: This is a unique identifier that lets the company know who referred the user to the website.
• Clicks: Companies track clicks to see how well affiliate programs work to get people to come to their website.
• Sales: The ultimate goal of affiliate links is to help a company sell more products or services. That means the affiliate program tracks sales from the affiliate referrals and pays them a commission.
• Commision Rate: This is how much the affiliate program pays for an action. They might pay a percentage or flat rate on a one-time or recurring basis.
• Cookie Life: This is the window of time during which an affiliate can get credit for traffic sent to the advertiser’s website.

When a visitor goes to the web page through the affiliate link and buys something, the advertiser pays the affiliate a commission.

How do affiliate links work?

Affiliate programs function by enabling individuals, known as affiliates, to promote and sell a company’s products or services. In return, these affiliates receive a commission for each successful sale generated through the unique affiliate link associated with their endorsement.

Here’s an overview of how this process operates:

• UpFlip displays advertisements or links for a specific website on our website, blog, or social media platforms.
• A potential customer clicks on our distinctive affiliate link.
• The customer proceeds to make a purchase on our partner’s website.
• The affiliate network tracks and records this transaction.
• Our partner verifies and confirms the purchase.
• UpFlip is compensated with a monetary commission.

The commission rates for affiliate sales can vary widely based on the particular company and offer. Typically, commissions range from around 5% to 50%, particularly when promoting educational courses or events. Some affiliate marketing programs offer a fixed monetary amount per sale instead of a percentage-based commission.

Go to the affiliate network that your affiliate program is on and go to the related affiliate marketing campaign. You should be able to see all your affiliate marketing campaigns in the affiliate dashboard like the one from CJ below.

Click on the one you want to add to your content. It will take you to a page that looks like this:

Then you’ll want to go to the links and sort them by the earnings per click (EPC). You can either choose a 7-day or 30-day EPC. You may also see EPC (100) , which is earnings per 100 clicks. The higher the number the better as long as it is relevant to the content you create.

You’ll want to click Get code on the campaign you want to use. This will give you options like encrypted links, open in new window/tab, and whether to get HTML, JavaScript, or just the URL. Once you choose your settings, update the link and copy the code.

To create an affiliate ID, you will need three main parts:

• The landing page
• Your affiliate ID
• Custom UTMs: Urchin Tracking Modules (UTMs), broken into five main types listed below

That means you might have a link that looks like the one below:

Pro Tip: Want to take a deeper dive? You can learn more about building links from Google .

Amazon used to have numerous ways you could get affiliate links for a page including Native Shopping Ads, banners, and mobile popovers, but they recently discontinued support of everything except the “link to any page” setup.

With link to any page, you can link to:

• Favorite destinations: Choose a product line and subcategory, name the link, and copy the HTML.
• Search results: Select a product line, enter the keyword, name the link, and copy the HTML.
• Any page: Paste the link, name the link, and copy the HTML.

You can also use the Idea Hub to get ideas that you could have success with. The mobile app also allows affiliates to share an affiliate link directly from the app with Mobile GetLink .

When we set up affiliate links, we use the following process:

• Sign into the affiliate program.
• Choose the most relevant link.
• Set the link to open in a new window.
• Update the link.
• Sign into WordPress.
• Go to Pretty Links .
• Name the link.
• Add the link to Pretty Links.
• Create a redirect that looks like https://www.upflip.com/go/business-name .
• Click the advanced tab.
• Mark the Sponsored box.
• Save the link.
• Add it to your content.

Watch the video below for an example of how to do this in WordPress with Pretty Links.

It’s essential to be transparent with your audience about your affiliate marketing activities. To maintain trust and comply with FTC regulations , you must clearly disclose your affiliate relationship in your content using disclaimers or disclosures.

The way we approach this step is by posting a disclaimer at the top and bottom of each page that says:

" UpFlip earns commissions when you buy products using links on our website. You can learn more about our standards here. "

Then in sections with affiliate marketing links, we add:

" This section includes affiliate links. "

If you’re using WordPress, you can also make each link a sponsored link by clicking a setting on the link.

Again, these steps are needed to comply with the FTC regulations.

You have to drive traffic to your content to earn commissions. Utilize various marketing strategies like SEO, social media marketing, email marketing, paid advertising, and content promotion to attract visitors to your platform.

Use analytics tools and affiliate dashboards to monitor your performance and track clicks, conversions, and earnings. This data will help you refine your strategy and focus on what works best.

Continually analyze and optimize your affiliate marketing strategy. Test different promotional techniques, track your results, and make adjustments to improve conversion rates and maximize your earnings.

Once you’ve established a successful affiliate marketing strategy in one niche, consider expanding to other niches or products to diversify your income streams.

Be aware of legal and ethical guidelines related to affiliate marketing in your region. You’ll need to comply with the FTC guidelines in the United States and ensure your marketing practices are ethical and transparent.

Affiliate marketing FAQ

Nearly 59% of affiliate marketers have not monetized within their first year. You can expect the following breakdown for affiliate marketing earners:

• Under $80K annually: 80%
• $80K to $1M annually: 15%
• $1M to $12M annually: 4%
• $1M or more monthly: 1%

This section includes affiliate links.

The best affiliate program will depend on what kind of content you are creating. Sites like Amazon are easy to work with for first-time affiliate marketers but don’t pay that well.

Meanwhile, insurance companies and online courses tend to have amazing affiliate incentives and are some of the best affiliate programs to earn money with.

Remember, affiliate marketing won’t create a sustainable income overnight. Success typically comes from consistent, high-quality content creation, effective promotion, and a deep understanding of your audience and niche. Be patient and persistent, and over time, you can potentially earn a steady income through affiliate marketing.

My personal favorite recommendations for affiliate programs are:

• SurferSEO: Everyone needs writing and you can use the AI writer for $29 per blog. Check out SurferSEO .
• Simply Business: This small business insurance aggregator helps you find the insurance you need faster and pays $25 per quote. Check out Simply Business .
• Booking Koala: This quoting platform is one of our top-performing affiliate programs. Booking Koala pays 50% commissions .
• Google: You can earn commissions for sending paid users to Google Workspace or Google Cloud . Both of these are brands that people know well. Apply on CJ to become an affiliate.

Most people would say that Amazon is the place, but Mat Diggity disagrees. He told us:

[su_quote] I strongly disagree. Everyone is using Amazon affiliate marketing and the margins are crap. [/su_quote]

Matt recommends ShareASale or Impact.

What kind of affiliate links will you use?

We’ve provided the information for you to monetize your content. What kind of content do you create and how will you start earning affiliate revenue?

Best Products To Sell On Amazon (and What You Shouldn’t)

Is it Profitable to Sell on Amazon?

Why you should sell on amazon, features of best products to sell on amazon for beginners, games and toys, health & household, beauty products & personal care, grocery & gourmet food, clothing, shoes, and jewelry, baby products, home & kitchen, kitchen & dining, tools & home improvement, pet supplies, sports & outdoors.

• Patio, Lawn and Garden
• Electronics/ Cell Phones & Accessories

Amazon Restricted Products

What is an amazon #1 best seller, how to find the best products to sell on amazon, what is the best selling strategy on amazon, where to get products to sell on amazon, make your own brand the best amazon products.

• Amazon had over 2.4 billion views in March 2023, according to SimilarWeb . (Only Google, YouTube, and Facebook have more.)
• Amazon categories make selling items easy.
• Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA) handles fulfillment, shipping, and quality control so you can focus on growing your business.
• Amazon has the most sophisticated logistics network on the planet. This helps you provide better service to your customers.
• Low Competition
• High Demand For the Product
• Low Shipping Costs
• $10-$100 Selling Price
• Small Dimensions and Weight (These factors impact the Amazon seller costs.)
• Lower Amazon Commissions
• High Profit [/su_note]

What Are the Best Products to Sell on Amazon?

• Easter Items: 12 of the top selling items 
• Squishmallows: 7 high performing keywords
• Fake Money: 4 high performing keywords
• Buffalo Puzzles: 3 high performing keywords
• Water Guns: 3 of the top selling products under $100
• Pool Floats: 2 appearances on the list -ne for swimming floats for kids/babies, the other for adults floats
• Chuckle and Roar: 1 appearance for the popular board game
• Thomas and Friends: 1 appearance
• Tejocote: 7 appearances for this Mexican root that provides vitamins, minerals, and appetite suppression
• Pain Relievers/Headache Medicine
• Triple A Batteries
• Drain Cleaner
• Other Vitamins and Minerals
• Cleaning Products

• Travel bags and razors
• Soap, Shampoo, and Conditioner
• Body Scrubs 
• Lash Growth Stimulating Products
• Candy (especially for approaching holidays)
• Orange Juice
• Energy Drinks
• Coffee and Creamer
• Peanut Butter and Jelly
• Toddler Shoes and Sandals (specifically sizes 6, 9, and 10)
• Matching Outfits
• Gynecomastia Compression Shirts
• Plaid Shirts
• Taylor Swift and Sublime merch
• Cable and Gauge Tops

• Breastfeeding Equipment and Storage for Milk
• Hello Bello Diapers
• Pacifiers and Accessories
• Baby Pillows 
• Airplane Beds
• Wash Cloths
• Baby Wash/Shampoo
• Mama Bear Diapers
• Decorations for Shelves
• Waterproof Sofa Covers
• 15th Birthday Party Items
• Cruise Ship Magnets
• Slushie Cups
• Seasonal Tablecloths
• Gifts for Women
• Pink Dish Rack
• Dash Griddle Mini Maker

• Wall Paper & Vinyl
• Painter’s Tape
• Tabletop Water Dispensers
• Dog Whistles
• ChomChom Rollers (pet hair removal tools)
• Cat Scratch Carpet Protectors
• Fancy Feast Purely
• Baseball cards packs
• 5 gallon bottles
• Potable aqua
• Pushup board for men

Patio, Lawn, and Garden

• Propane Heaters
• Tractor Rakes
• Farmers Almanac
• Waterfall Kits
• Outdoor Furniture

Electronics/Cell Phones & Accessories

• iPhones and accessories
• Headphones and ear buds
• All video game systems
• Security systems like Ring
• Mice, keyboards, webcams, and other computer accessories

Can you sell alcohol on Amazon?

Amazon's Best Selling Products

• Researching Competitors’ Stores

Keyword Research

Find private label products to sell on amazon, use retail arbitrage to source amazon products.

• Find Direct-Source Products on Amazon

Check Out Other Marketplaces

Avoid big brands.

• Consider Selling Custom Print-on-Demand Products on Amazon
• Reverse Engineer Top Industry Amazon Affiliate Publishers

Research the Competition

• Identify top-selling products
• Track performance over time
• Find high-performing keywords
• Source products
• Create optimized product listings
• Learn about selling items on Amazon

• Search Volume
• Sales Volume
• Keywords for Title and Product Description

What Can You Sell On Amazon: Direct-Source Products

• Higher seller’s rank
• Better SEO strategy
• Lower product cost

Copy Amazon Affiliate Strategies

Use google trends.

Amazon Merch

• Print-on-Demand 

Digital Products

Fulfillment by manufacturer.

Print-on-Demand

• Dropshipping Companies
• Wholesalers
• Private Label Sellers

Dropshipping

Private Label

• What sells the most on Amazon
• Ways to identify the best Amazon finds
• What can I sell as a new seller?
• Where to buy products to sell on Amazon FBA
• 74 Amazon Statistics
• The World's Tech Giants, Compared to the Size of Economies

Best Networking Groups for Small Business Owners

Are you curious about the best networking groups for small business owners?

We looked for all the places a small business owner can network with other entrepreneurs to share knowledge. Whether you’re looking for in-person events or small business communities online, you’ll find a small business group that’s perfect for you as you start or grow your business.

[su_note note_color="#dbeafc"] Check out the links below to jump straight to a professional networking group that looks interesting to you.

American Marketing Association (AMA)

Linkedin groups, network after work, facebook groups, local trade associations, women in business, local development associations, the national association for the self-employed (nase), global entrepreneurship network (gen), minority business development agency (mbda), chamber of commerce, entrepreneurs’ organization (eo), business networking international (bni), young entrepreneur council (yec), social enterprise alliance (sea), 4networking, federation of small businesses, consider volunteering, how to network effectively, how to find the right small business networking group.

• Go Out and Sharpen Your Networking Skills [/su_note]

Get ready to learn about the best business networking groups.

We’re creating a business networking and mentorship group to bring together successful business owners, consultants, and prospective business owners to help everyone succeed.

Given we’ve interviewed hundreds of successful business owners and have over a million people who look to us for business insights, we think you’ll love our online networking group. Make sure you’re signed up for updates.

Let’s be real here: Every business owner needs to be educated on marketing for business success. One of the best small business networking organizations for marketing is the American Marketing Association .

Network with professional marketers, learn from online and in-person meetups, and get certified on the most updated marketing strategies.

LinkedIn is a great place to network online, interact with other professionals, and learn skills in your industry. You can join community groups for free or you can subscribe to LinkedIn Premium to get advanced insights and online courses.

The Network After Work community offers four levels of networking opportunities:

• Basic: Virtual networking events and three 1-to-1 meetings per month for free.
• Connection Builder: For $9 per month or $49 annually, you’ll get in-person networking events, 1:1 community messaging, and masterclasses on marketing and business growth.
• Community Builder: The $29 monthly plan includes curated peer groups and member profiles to help small business owners network and improve their business strategies.
• Lead Finder: Small business owners can use the $99 monthly plan to help find leads. It includes everything in the lower-level plans and provides contact information to turn professional networking into lead generation.

Meetup is a platform where people can create local meetups and join groups of like-minded people. The networking opportunities are mostly in your physical location (or somewhere you’re visiting). It’s free for both personal and small business networking groups, too (unless you wish to host your own events, in which case, you will need to invest in a paid membership).

Eventbrite is best known in the event management industry because it helps concert promoters and other event planners manage their ticket sales. Like Meetup, it also has a directory of business events you can check out.

Business leaders can network with customers, other business professionals, and vendors in local and industry-specific Facebook online networks. Remember your messaging will need to be slightly different for each group.

There are thousands of local trade associations you can join to improve your business network, improve your knowledge of your field, and meet possible mentors. Check out this directory of associations for some ideas of where you can meet like-minded individuals.

Women in Business is a networking group that supports women by offering masterclasses, features about your business, mentoring groups, and other materials. Lifetime membership is $397, or you can pay $47 per month.

The Small Business Administration provides leadership development through local chapters. Many small business owners find the Small Business Development Centers a valuable resource for learning more about:

• Business planning
• Capital investments
• Financial management
• Human resources
• New technology

Chief is a women’s-only organization of executives and founders of small businesses. Entry requirements vary depending on the size of your organization, your position, and business revenue. Those with fewer than 30 employees need:

• $2 million in annual revenue
• Prior experience at larger-sized companies
• Reporting levels under CEO in previous roles

Chief provides mentor relationships and professional development on inclusionary practices, media interactions, and technology disruption. There are also other networking groups inside the group. Learn more about Chief membership .

The National Association for the Self-Employed is for self-employed people and offers monthly grants, discounts, business profiles, expert advice on a range of subjects, and even life insurance. They have a variety of plans ranging from $25 annually for students to $540 a year for the most life insurance and other benefits.

This international organization helps people who are building businesses understand the entrepreneurial process, including ways to get different types of funding. You also get a member profile and can compete in global awards competitions for business. Check out GEN .

The MBDA helps minorities, women, and formerly incarcerated individuals grow as entrepreneurs by providing access to information, grants, and events. This is a government agency; as such, you may require some assistance to best navigate the resources it offers for entrepreneurs.

The U.S. Chamber of Commerce is the largest business networking group in the States. The organization has thousands of local Chamber of Commerce groups across the country to help you meet other business owners and develop your business.

You’ll benefit from in-person and online networking groups hosted by SCORE , plus you can use the platform to find a mentor and even volunteer opportunities. Check out their site to learn more.

Entrepreneurs’ Organization has 18,000 members across 220 local chapters in 78 countries. They offer local and regional events, education, and mentorship. You’ll have to apply and get approved to join the network.

There are over 318,000 people in more than 11,000 local BNI chapters . Members create economic activity equal to $22 billion each year. One of the most notable things about these business networking groups is that they are referral-based, meaning the small business owners who suggest new members are already part of the organization.

Small business owners under the age of 45 who make over $1 million in revenue, have received more than $1 million in funding, or have sold a business for more than $2 million in the last three years should apply for the Young Entrepreneur Council . You’ll be able to network with other young business professionals who are at the top of their game.

If you’re trying to make the world a better place, joining this vetted community shows your business is committed to placing the good of the world over your business profits. There are three membership levels with fees that range from $150 to $275 per year. All the plans get you included in the member database so you can network with other members. Learn more about SEA .

Vistage is a mentorship group that is over 65 years old and claims more than 45,000 members and an average of 4.6% increased revenue during 2020. There are applications for guest speakers, chairpeople, sponsors, and licensees as well.

If you’re looking to build business networks in the United Kingdom, check out 4N . They have online and local networking groups, plus a free online directory you can use to help your business grow.

The Federation of Small Businesses is another UK small business group. There are more than 500,000 members and rates range from £ 97.5 to £ 1,195 depending on the size of your organization. It gives access to:

• Business banking
• Business insurance quotes
• Debt recovery service
• Free networking and events
• Legal, tax, and employment advice
• Legal templates
• Payroll and pensions
• Tax investigation protection
• Training courses

Organizations like the Rotary Club (focused on doing good in the local community and internationally) and the Kiwanis Club (an international nonprofit organization that helps kids) offer great opportunities for business owners. Contribute to the cause financially or volunteer with a local chapter.

While volunteer events aren’t technically local business networking groups, as a small business owner, they can provide a great opportunity to build your professional network and meet potential clients. Doing good in the community never hurt a small business!

Networking is an essential part of business success. It can help you build relationships, generate leads, and learn from others. Here are a few tips to help you network effectively:

• Set goals for your networking activities. What do you hope to achieve by networking? Do you want to generate leads, find a job, or learn about a new industry? Having specific goals in mind will help you focus your efforts and make the most of your time.
• Identify your target audience. Who do you want to network with? Potential customers, clients, or referral partners? Once you know your target audience, you can tailor your networking activities accordingly.
• Choose the right networking events. There are many different types of networking events, so it's important to choose the ones that are right for you. Consider the goals of the event, the target audience, and the cost.
• Be prepared. Before you attend a networking event, take some time to prepare. This includes researching the other attendees, practicing your elevator pitch, and bringing plenty of business cards.
• Be yourself. When you're networking, it's important to be yourself. People can spot a fake from a mile away, so don't try to be someone you're not. Just be genuine and let your personality shine through.
• Listen actively. When you're talking to someone, really listen to what they have to say. Ask questions and show that you're interested in their perspective and experience. This will help you build rapport and make a lasting impression.
• Follow up after the event. After you attend a networking event, follow up with the people you met. Send them a thank-you note or connect with them on LinkedIn. This will help you stay in touch and build relationships.

Networking can be a great way to grow your business and achieve your goals. By following these tips, you can network effectively and make the most of your time.

Pro Tip: Want to take your business to the next level? In addition to participating in networking events, you might want to commit to a mastermind group, too. New to the idea? Learn what you need to know in our blog on Best Mastermind Groups & Mastermind Pro Tips .

Once you’ve performed the steps from the previous section, there are a variety of terms you can search to find the best networking groups in your area. Try some of these search terms:

• Business networking groups near me
• Business networking near me
• Business clubs near me
• Business network near me
• Marketing groups near me
• Entrepreneur groups near me
• Small business networking events near me
• Networking events near me
• Free networking events near me
• Networking events today near me
• Professional networking events near me
• Networking opportunities near me
• Networking meetings near me
• Small business groups near me
• Local networking events near me

Go Out and Sharpen Your Networking Skills

We’ve provided you with a list of business network groups where you can interact with hundreds of thousands of people. It won’t always come easy building your small business network, but if you follow our networking tips and keep building relationships, you’ll get there.

What networking events for entrepreneurs have you gone to? Did you like them?

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• Business Plans

How To Write the Operations Plan Section of the Business Plan

Susan Ward wrote about small businesses for The Balance for 18 years. She has run an IT consulting firm and designed and presented courses on how to promote small businesses.

Stage of Development Section

Production process section, the bottom line, frequently asked questions (faqs).

The operations plan is the section of your business plan that gives an overview of your workflow, supply chains, and similar aspects of your business. Any key details of how your business physically produces goods or services will be included in this section.

You need an operations plan to help others understand how you'll deliver on your promise to turn a profit. Keep reading to learn what to include in your operations plan.

Key Takeaways

• The operations plan section should include general operational details that help investors understand the physical details of your vision.
• Details in the operations plan include information about any physical plants, equipment, assets, and more.
• The operations plan can also serve as a checklist for startups; it includes a list of everything that must be done to start turning a profit.

In your business plan , the operations plan section describes the physical necessities of your business's operation, such as your physical location, facilities, and equipment. Depending on what kind of business you'll be operating, it may also include information about inventory requirements, suppliers, and a description of the manufacturing process.

Keeping focused on the bottom line will help you organize this part of the business plan.

Think of the operating plan as an outline of the capital and expense requirements your business will need to operate from day to day.

You need to do two things for the reader of your business plan in the operations section: show what you've done so far to get your business off the ground and demonstrate that you understand the manufacturing or delivery process of producing your product or service.

When you're writing this section of the operations plan, start by explaining what you've done to date to get the business operational, then follow up with an explanation of what still needs to be done. The following should be included:

Production Workflow

A high-level, step-by-step description of how your product or service will be made, identifying the problems that may occur in the production process. Follow this with a subsection titled "Risks," which outlines the potential problems that may interfere with the production process and what you're going to do to negate these risks. If any part of the production process can expose employees to hazards, describe how employees will be trained in dealing with safety issues. If hazardous materials will be used, describe how these will be safely stored, handled, and disposed.

Industry Association Memberships

Show your awareness of your industry's local, regional, or national standards and regulations by telling which industry organizations you are already a member of and which ones you plan to join. This is also an opportunity to outline what steps you've taken to comply with the laws and regulations that apply to your industry. 

Supply Chains

An explanation of who your suppliers are and their prices, terms, and conditions. Describe what alternative arrangements you have made or will make if these suppliers let you down.

Quality Control

An explanation of the quality control measures that you've set up or are going to establish. For example, if you intend to pursue some form of quality control certification such as ISO 9000, describe how you will accomplish this.

While you can think of the stage of the development part of the operations plan as an overview, the production process section lays out the details of your business's day-to-day operations. Remember, your goal for writing this business plan section is to demonstrate your understanding of your product or service's manufacturing or delivery process.

When writing this section, you can use the headings below as subheadings and then provide the details in paragraph format. Leave out any topic that does not apply to your particular business.

Do an outline of your business's day-to-day operations, including your hours of operation and the days the business will be open. If the business is seasonal, be sure to say so.

The Physical Plant

Describe the type, site, and location of premises for your business. If applicable, include drawings of the building, copies of lease agreements, and recent real estate appraisals. You need to show how much the land or buildings required for your business operations are worth and tell why they're important to your proposed business.

The same goes for equipment. Besides describing the equipment necessary and how much of it you need, you also need to include its worth and cost and explain any financing arrangements.

Make a list of your assets , such as land, buildings, inventory, furniture, equipment, and vehicles. Include legal descriptions and the worth of each asset.

Special Requirements

If your business has any special requirements, such as water or power needs, ventilation, drainage, etc., provide the details in your operating plan, as well as what you've done to secure the necessary permissions.

State where you're going to get the materials you need to produce your product or service and explain what terms you've negotiated with suppliers.

Explain how long it takes to produce a unit and when you'll be able to start producing your product or service. Include factors that may affect the time frame of production and describe how you'll deal with potential challenges such as rush orders.

Explain how you'll keep  track of inventory .

Feasibility

Describe any product testing, price testing, or prototype testing that you've done on your product or service.

Give details of product cost estimates.

Once you've worked through this business plan section, you'll not only have a detailed operations plan to show your readers, but you'll also have a convenient list of what needs to be done next to make your business a reality. Writing this document gives you a chance to crystalize your business ideas into a clear checklist that you can reference. As you check items off the list, use it to explain your vision to investors, partners, and others within your organization.

What is an operations plan?

An operations plan is one section of a company's business plan. This section conveys the physical requirements for your business's operations, including supply chains, workflow , and quality control processes.

What is the main difference between the operations plan and the financial plan?

The operations plan and financial plan tackle similar issues, in that they seek to explain how the business will turn a profit. The operations plan approaches this issue from a physical perspective, such as property, routes, and locations. The financial plan explains how revenue and expenses will ultimately lead to the business's success.

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Sample Business Plan

Learn the Essential Elements of a Full Business Plan

• Famous Inventions
• Famous Inventors
• Patents & Trademarks
• Invention Timelines
• Computers & The Internet
• American History
• African American History
• African History
• Ancient History and Culture
• Asian History
• European History
• Latin American History
• Medieval & Renaissance History
• Military History
• The 20th Century
• Women's History

The following business plan for the fictional firm of "Acme Management Technology" (AMT) is an example of what a completed business plan might look like. This example is provided as part of the instructions and detailed descriptions included in the Components of a Business Plan.

Sample Business Plan for Acme Management Technology

1.0 executive summary.

By focusing on its strengths, its key customers , and the company's underlying core values, Acme Management Technology will increase sales to more than $10 million in three years, while also improving the gross margin on sales and cash management and working capital .

This business plan leads the way by renewing our vision and strategic focus of adding value to our target market segments—the small business and high-end home office users in our local market. It also provides a step-by-step plan for improving our sales, gross margin, and profitability.

This plan includes this summary, and chapters on the company, products & services, market focus, action plans & forecasts, management team, and financial plan.

1.1 Objectives

• Sales increased to more than $10 million by the third year.
• Bring gross margin back up to above 25% and maintain that level.
• Sell $2 million of service, support, and training by 2022.
• Improve inventory turnover to six turns next year, seven in 2021, and eight in 2022.

1.2 Mission

AMT is built on the assumption that the management of information technology for business is like legal advice, accounting, graphic arts, and other bodies of knowledge, in that it is not inherently a do-it-yourself prospect. Smart business people who aren't computer hobbyists need to find quality vendors of reliable hardware, software, service, and support and they need to use these quality vendors as they use their other professional service suppliers—as trusted allies.

AMT is such a vendor. It serves its clients as a trusted ally, providing them with the loyalty of a business partner and the economics of an outside vendor. We make sure that our clients have what they need in order to run their businesses at peak performance levels, with maximum efficiency and reliability.

Many of our information applications are mission-critical, so we assure our clients that we'll be there when they need us.

1.3 Keys to Success

• Differentiate from box-pushing, price-oriented businesses by offering and delivering service and support—and charging for it accordingly.
• Increase gross margin to more than 25%.
• Increase our non-hardware sales to 20% of the total sales by the third year.

2.0 Company Summary

AMT is a 10-year-old computer reseller with sales of $7 million per year, declining margins, and market pressure. It has a good reputation, excellent people, and a steady position in the local market, but has been having difficulty maintaining healthy financials.

2.1 Company Ownership

AMT is a privately-held C corporation owned in majority by its founder and president, Ralph Jones. There are six part owners, including four investors and two past employees. The largest of these (in percent of ownership) are Frank Dudley, our attorney, and Paul Karots, our public relations consultant. Neither owns more than 15%, but both are active participants in management decisions.

2.2 Company History

AMT has been caught in the vise grip of margin squeezes that have affected computer resellers worldwide. Although the chart titled "Past Financial Performance" shows that we've had healthy growth in sales, it also indicates declining gross margin and declining profits .

The more detailed numbers in Table 2.2 include other indicators of some concern: As can be seen in the chart, the gross margin percentage has been declining steadily, and nventory turnover is getting steadily worse as well.

All of these concerns are part of the general trend affecting computer resellers. The margin squeeze is happening throughout the computer industry, worldwide.

Balance Sheet: 2018

Short-Term Assets

• Cash—$55,432
• Accounts receivable—$395,107
• Inventory—$651,012
• Other Short-term Assets—$25,000
• Total Short-term Assets—$1,126,551

Long-Term Assets

• Capital Assets—$350,000
• Accumulated Depreciation—$50,000
• Total Long-term Assets—$300,000
• Total Assets—$1,426,551

Debt and Equity

• Accounts Payable—$223,897
• Short-term Notes—$90,000
• Other ST Liabilities—$15,000
• Subtotal Short-term Liabilities—$328,897
• Long-term Liabilities—$284,862
• Total Liabilities—$613,759
• Paid in Capital—$500,000
• Retained Earnings—$238,140
• Earnings (over three years)—$437,411, $366,761, $74,652
• Total Equity—$812,792
• Total Debt and Equity—$1,426,551

Other Inputs: 2017

• Payment days—30
• Sales on credit—$3,445,688
• Receivables turnover—8.72%

2.4 Company Locations and Facilities

We have one location—a 7,000 square-foot brick & mortar facility located in a suburban shopping center conveniently close to the downtown area. Along with sales, it includes a training area, service department, offices, and showroom area.

3.0 Products and Services

AMT sells personal computer technology for small business including personal computer hardware, peripherals, networks, software, support, service, and training.

Ultimately, we are selling information technology . We sell reliability and confidence. We sell the assurance to small business people that their business will not suffer any information technology disasters or critical downtimes.

AMT serves its clients as a trusted ally, providing them with the loyalty of a business partner and the economics of an outside vendor. We make sure that our clients have what they need to run their businesses at peak performance levels, with maximum efficiency and reliability. Since many of our information applications are mission-critical, we give our clients the confidence that we'll be there when they need us.

3.1 Product and Service Description

In personal computers , we support three main lines:

• The Super Home is our smallest and least expensive, initially positioned by its manufacturer as a home computer. We use it mainly as an inexpensive workstation for small business installations. Its specifications include: (add relevant information)
• The Power User is our main up-scale line and our most important system for high-end home and small business main workstations, because of (add relevant information) Its key strengths are: (add relevant information) Its specifications include: (add relevant information)
• The Business Special is an intermediate system, used to fill the gap in positioning. Its specifications include: (add information)

In peripherals , accessories and other hardware, we carry a complete line of necessary items from cables to forms to mousepads to... (add relevant information)

In service and support , we offer a range of walk-in or depot service, maintenance contracts, and on-site guarantees. We haven't had much success in selling service contracts. Our networking capabilities include... (add relevant information)

In software , we sell a complete line of... (add relevant information)

In training , we offer... (add relevant information)

3.2 Competitive Comparison

The only way we can hope to differentiate effectively is to brand the vision of the company as a trusted information technology ally to our clients. We will not be able to compete in any effective way with the chains using boxes or products as appliances. We need to offer a real alliance that feels personal.

The benefits we sell include many intangibles: confidence, reliability, knowing that somebody will be there to answer questions and help at critical times.

These are complex products that require serious knowledge and experience to use, which we have, while our competitors sell only the products themselves.

Unfortunately, we cannot sell the products at a higher price simply because we offer services; the market has shown that it will not support that concept. We must also sell the service and charge for it separately.

3.3 Sales Literature

Copies of our brochure and advertisements are attached as appendices. Of course, one of our first tasks will be to change the messaging of our literature to make sure we are selling the company, rather than the product.

3.4 Sourcing

Our costs are part of the margin squeeze. As price competition increases, the squeeze between the manufacturer's price into channels and the end-users ultimate buying price continues.

Our margins are declining steadily for our hardware lines. We generally buy at... (add relevant information) Our margins are thus being squeezed from 25% from five years ago to closer to 13 to 15% at present. A similar trend shows for our main-line peripherals, with prices for printers and monitors declining steadily. We are also starting to see that same trend with software...(add relevant information)

To hold costs down as much as possible, we concentrate our purchasing with Hauser, which offers 30-day net terms and overnight shipping from the warehouse in Dayton. We need to continue to make sure our volume gives us negotiating strength.

In accessories and add-ons, we can still get decent margins of 25 to 40%.

For software, margins are: (add relevant information)

3.5 Technology

For years, we have supported both Windows and Macintosh technology for CPUs, although we've switched vendors many times for the Windows (and previously DOS) lines. We are also supporting Novell, Banyon, and Microsoft networking, Xbase database software, and Claris application products.

3.6 Future Products and Services

We must remain on top of emerging technologies because this is our bread and butter. For networking, we need to provide better knowledge of cross-platform technologies. We are also under pressure to improve our understanding of the direct-connect Internet and related communications. Finally, although we have a good command of desktop publishing, we are concerned about improving integrated fax, copier, printer, and voicemail technology into the computer system.

4.0 Market Analysis Summary

AMT focuses on local markets, small business, and home office, with a special focus on the high-end home office and the five-to-20 unit small business office.

4.1 Market Segmentation

The segmentation allows some room for estimates and nonspecific definitions. We focus on a small-medium level of small business, and it's hard to locate data to make an exact classification. Our target companies are large enough to require the kind of high-quality information technology management we offer but too small to have a separate computer management staff (such as an MIS department). We say that our target market has 10 to 50 employees, and requires five to 20 connect workstations in a local area network, however, the definition is flexible.

Defining the high-end home office is even more difficult. We generally know the characteristics of our target market, but we can't find easy classifications that fit into available demographics. The high-end home office business is a business, not a hobby. It generates enough money to merit the owner's paying real attention to the quality of information technology management, meaning that both budget and productivity concerns warrant working with our level of quality service and support. We can assume that we aren't talking about home offices used only part-time by people who work elsewhere during the day and that our target market home office needs powerful technology and sufficient links between computing, telecommunications, and video assets.

4.2 Industry Analysis

We are part of the computer reselling business, which includes several kinds of businesses:

• Computer dealers : storefront computer resellers, usually less than 5,000 square feet, often focused on a few main brands of hardware, usually offering only a minimum of software and variable amounts of service and support. Many are old-fashioned (1980s-style) computer stores that offer relatively few reasons for buyers to shop with them. Their service and support are not usually very good, and their prices are normally higher than those at larger stores.
• Chain stores and computer superstores : these include major chains such as CompUSA, Best Buy, Future Shop, etc. They almost always have a footprint of over 10,000 square feet of space, usually offer decent walk-in service, and are often warehouse-like locations where people go to find products in boxes with very aggressive pricing, but little support.
• Mail order/Online retailers : the market is served increasingly by mail order and online retailers that offer aggressive pricing of a boxed product. For the purely price-driven buyer, who buys boxes and expects no service, these are very good options.
• Others : there are many other channels through which people buy their computers, however, most are variations of the three main types above.

4.2.1 Industry Participants

• The national chains are a growing presence: CompUSA, Best Buy, and others. They benefit from national advertising, economies of scale, volume buying, and a general trend toward name-brand loyalty for buying in the channels as well as for products.
• Local computer stores are threatened. These tend to be small businesses, owned by people who started them because they liked computers. They are under-capitalized and under-managed. Margins are squeezed as they compete against chains, in a competition based on price more than on service and support.

4.2.2 Distribution Patterns

Small business buyers are accustomed to buying from vendors who visit their offices. They expect the copy machine vendors, office products vendors, and office furniture vendors, as well as the local graphic artists, freelance writers, or whomever, to visit their office to make their sales.

There is usually a lot of leakage in ad-hoc purchasing through local chain stores and mail order. Often the administrators try to discourage this but are only partially successful.

Unfortunately, our home office target buyers don't expect to buy from us. Many of them turn immediately to the superstores (office equipment, office supplies, and electronics) and mail order to look for the best price, without realizing that there is a better option for them at only a little bit more.

4.2.3 Competition and Buying Patterns

The small business buyers understand the concept of service and support and are much more likely to pay for it when the offering is clearly stated.

There is no doubt that we face stiffer competition from box pushers than from other service providers. We need to effectively compete against the idea that businesses should buy computers as plug-in appliances that don't need ongoing service, support, and training.

Our focus group sessions indicated that our target home office buyers think about the price but would buy based on quality service if the offering were properly presented. They think about the price because that's all they ever see. We have very good indications that many would rather pay 10 to 20% more for a relationship with a long-term vendor providing back-up and quality service and support, however, they end up in the box-pusher channels because they aren't aware of the alternatives.

Availability is also very important. The home office buyers tend to want immediate, local solutions to problems.

4.2.4 Main Competitors

Chain stores:

• We have Store 1 and Store 2 already within the valley, and Store 3 is expected by the end of next year. If our strategy works, we will have differentiated ourselves sufficiently to avoid competition against these stores.
• Strengths: national image, high volume, aggressive pricing, economies of scale.
• Weaknesses: lack of product, service and support knowledge, lack of personal attention.

Other local computer stores:

• Store 4 and Store 5 are both in the downtown area. They are both competing against the chains in an attempt to match prices. When asked, the owners will complain that margins are squeezed by the chains and customers buy based on price only. They say they tried offering services and that buyers didn't care, instead preferring lower prices. We think the problem is that they didn't really offer good service, and also that they didn't differentiate from the chains.

4.3 Market Analysis

The home offices in Tintown are an important growing market segment. Nationally, there are approximately 30 million home offices, and the number is growing at 10% per year. Our estimate in this plan for the home offices in our market service area is based on an analysis published four months ago in the local newspaper.

There are several types of home offices. For the focus of our plan, the most important are those that are real businesses offices from which people earn their primary income. These are likely to be people in professional services such as graphic artists, writers, and consultants, some accountants—and the occasional lawyer, doctor, or dentist. We will not be focusing on the market segment that includes part-time home offices with people who are employed during the day but work at home at night, people who work at home to provide themselves with a part-time income, or people who maintain home offices relating to their hobbies.

Small business within our market includes virtually any business with a retail, office, professional, or industrial location outside of the home, and fewer than 30 employees. We estimate there are 45,000 such businesses in our market area.

The 30-employee cutoff is arbitrary. We find that the larger companies turn to other vendors, but we can sell to departments of larger companies, and we shouldn't give up such leads when we get them.

Market Analysis . . . (numbers and percentages)

5.0 Strategy and Implementation Summary

• Emphasize service and support.

We must differentiate ourselves from the box pushers. We need to establish our business offering as a clear and viable alternative to the price-only kind of buying for our target market.

• Build a relationship-oriented business.

Build long-term relationships with clients, not single-transaction deals with customers. Become their computer department, not just a vendor. Make them understand the value of the relationship.

• Focus on target markets.

We need to focus our offerings on small business as the key market segment we should own. This means the five to 20 unit system, connected by a local area network, in a company with five to 50 employees. Our values—training, installation, service, support, knowledge—are more clearly differentiated in this segment.

As a corollary, the high end of the home office market is also appropriate. We do not want to compete for buyers who go to chain stores or buy from mail-order outlets, but we definitely want to be able to sell individual systems to the smart home office buyers who want a reliable, full-service vendor.

• Differentiate and fulfill the promise.

We can't just market and sell service and support; we must deliver as well. We need to make sure we have the knowledge-intensive business and service-intensive business we claim to have.

5.1 Marketing Strategy

The marketing strategy is the core of the main strategy:

• Emphasize service and support
• Build a relationship business
• Focus on small business and high-end home office as key target markets

5.1.2 Pricing Strategy

We must charge appropriately for the high-end, high-quality service and support we offer. Our revenue structure has to match our cost structure, so the salaries we pay to assure good service and support must be balanced by the revenue we charge.

We cannot build the service and support revenue into the price of products. The market can't bear the higher prices, and the buyer feels ill-used when they see the same product priced lower at the chains. Despite the logic behind it, the market doesn't support this concept.

Therefore, we must make sure that we deliver and charge for service and support. Training, service, installation, networking support—all of this must be readily available and priced to sell and deliver revenue.

5.1.3 Promotion Strategy

We depend on newspaper advertising as our main outlet to reach new buyers. As we change strategies, however, we need to change the way we promote ourselves:

• Advertising

We'll be developing our core positioning message: "24 Hour On-Site Service—365 Days a Year With No Extra Charges" to differentiate our service from the competition. We will be using local newspaper advertising, radio, and cable TV to launch the initial campaign.

• Sales Brochure

Our collaterals have to sell the store and visiting the store, not the specific book or discount pricing.

• Direct Mail 

We must radically improve our direct mail efforts, reaching our established customers with training, support services, upgrades, and seminars.

• Local Media

It's time to work more closely with the local media . We could offer the local radio station a regular talk show on technology for small business, as one example. We could also reach out to local news outlets to let them know we have experts who are able to address issues relating to technology for small business/home offices should the need arise.

5.2 Sales Strategy

• We need to sell the company, not the product. We sell AMT, not Apple, IBM, Hewlett-Packard, or Compaq, or any of our software brand names.
• We have to sell our service and support. The hardware is like the razor, and the support, service, software services, training, and seminars are the razor blades. We need to serve our customers with what they need.

The Yearly Total Sales chart summarizes our ambitious sales forecast. We expect sales to increase from $5.3 million last year to more than $7 million next year and to more than $10 million in the last year of this plan.

5.2.1 Sales Forecast

The important elements of the sales forecast are shown in the Total Sales by Month in Year 1 table. The non-hardware sales increase to about $2 million total in the third year.

Sales Forecast … (numbers and percentages)

5.2.2 Startup Summary

• 93% of startup costs will go to assets.
• The building will be purchased with a down payment of $8,000 on a 20-year mortgage. The espresso machine will cost $4,500 (straight-line depreciation, three years).
• Startup costs will be financed through a combination of owner investment, short-term loans, and long-term borrowing. The startup chart shows the distribution of financing.

Other miscellaneous expenses include:

• Marketing/advertising consultancy fees of $1,000 for our company logo and assistance in designing our grand-opening ads and brochures.
• Legal fees for corporate organization filings: $300.
• Retail merchandising/designing consultancy fees of $3,500 for store layout and fixture purchasing.
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Module 12: Managing Processes

Facility location and layout, learning outcomes.

• Explain facility location
• Explain facility layout

Facility Location

Of all the pieces of the planning puzzle, facility location is the most strategic and critical. Once you build a new manufacturing facility, you have made a substantial investment of time, resources, and capital that can’t be changed for a long time. Selecting the wrong location can be disastrous. Some of the key factors that influence facility location are the following:

• Proximity to customers, suppliers, and skilled labor
• Environmental regulations
• Financial incentives offered by state and local development authorities
• Quality-of-life considerations
• Potential for future expansion

The next step, after planning the production process, is deciding on plant layout—how equipment, machinery, and people will be arranged to make the production process as efficient as possible.

Practice Question

Facility layout.

After the site location decision has been made, the next focus in production planning is the facility’s layout. The goal is to determine the most efficient and effective design for the particular production process. A manufacturer might opt for a U-shaped production line, for example, rather than a long, straight one, to allow products and workers to move more quickly from one area to another.

Service organizations must also consider layout, but they are more concerned with how it affects customer behavior. It may be more convenient for a hospital to place its freight elevators in the center of the building, for example, but doing so may block the flow of patients, visitors, and medical personnel between floors and departments.

There are four main types of facility layouts: process, product, fixed-position, and cellular.

The process layout arranges workflow around the production process. All workers performing similar tasks are grouped together. Products pass from one workstation to another (but not necessarily to every workstation). For example, all grinding would be done in one area, all assembling in another, and all inspection in yet another. The process layout is best for firms that produce small numbers of a wide variety of products, typically using general-purpose machines that can be changed rapidly to new operations for different product designs. For example, a manufacturer of custom machinery would use a process layout.

Figure 1. An Example of a Process Facility Layout. Source: Adapted from Operations Management, 9th edition, by Gaither/Frazier.

Products that require a continuous or repetitive production process use the product (or assembly-line ) layout . When large quantities of a product must be processed on an ongoing basis, the workstations or departments are arranged in a line with products moving along the line. Automobile and appliance manufacturers, as well as food-processing plants, usually use a product layout. Service companies may also use a product layout for routine processing operations.

Figure 2. An Example of a Product Facility Layout. Source: Adapted from Operations Management, 9th edition, by Gaither/Frazier.

In the following video, Jansen, a Swiss steel maker, describes how the company’s offices were designed to maximize the productivity and creativity of its engineers:

You can view the transcript for “Office Space – Jansen” (opens in new window)  or  text alternative for “Office Space – Jansen” (opens in new window ).

Some products cannot be put on an assembly line or moved about in a plant. A fixed-position layout lets the product stay in one place while workers and machinery move to it as needed. Products that are impossible to move—ships, airplanes, and construction projects—are typically produced using a fixed-position layout. Limited space at the project site often means that parts of the product must be assembled at other sites, transported to the fixed site, and then assembled. The fixed-position layout is also common for on-site services such as housecleaning services, pest control, and landscaping.

Figure 3. An Example of a Fixed-Position Facility Layout. Source: Adapted from Operations Management, 9th edition, by Gaither/Frazier.

To see an excellent example of fixed-position layout, watch the following video that shows how Boeing builds an airplane. (Note that this video has no narration; only instrumental music. Access audio description by using the widget below the video.)

Access the text alternative for “Making of a Boeing Airplane” (opens in new window).

Cellular layouts combine some aspects of both product and fixed-position layouts. Work cells are small, self-contained production units that include several machines and workers arranged in a compact, sequential order. Each work cell performs all or most of the tasks necessary to complete a manufacturing order. There are usually five to 10 workers in a cell, and they are trained to be able to do any of the steps in the production process. The goal is to create a team environment wherein team members are involved in production from beginning to end.

• Facility Location. Authored by : Linda Williams and Lumen Learning. License : CC BY: Attribution
• Facility Location and Layout. Authored by : Linda Williams and Lumen Learning. License : CC BY: Attribution
• Practice Questions. Authored by : Robert Danielson. Provided by : Lumen Learning. License : CC BY: Attribution
• rover 200 framing line. Authored by : spencer cooper. Located at : https://www.flickr.com/photos/spenceyc/7481166880/ . License : CC BY-ND: Attribution-NoDerivatives
• Office Space: Jansen. Provided by : BBC. Located at : https://youtu.be/aT-eZXDLQl0 . License : CC BY-NC-ND: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives
• Facility Layout. Provided by : OpenStax CNX. Located at : http://cnx.org/contents/[email protected] . License : CC BY: Attribution . License Terms : Download for free at http://cnx.org/contents/[email protected]
• Modification of Image: Process Facility Layout. Authored by : OpenStax CNX; Modification by Lumen Learning. Located at : http://cnx.org/contents/[email protected] . License : CC BY: Attribution
• Making of a Boeing air plane. Authored by : Dial647. Located at : https://youtu.be/-ovNi1cB7a4 . License : All Rights Reserved . License Terms : Standard YouTube License

Facility planning: A strategic approach to a better office

Facility planning is essential for the modern office, especially given the rapidly changing landscape of today’s workplace. With more and more companies embracing remote work , hybrid work , and more flexible working in general, they need strategic solutions that come from good facility planning in order to maintain structure and productivity. 

In this article, we explore why and how facility planning can help companies stay profitable and better support their workers. Even in the midst of new and changing realities on the ground. 

Panel Discussion

Top strategies for hybrid office space planning with CBRE’s Susan Wasmund

What is facility planning?

Facility planning is the systematic process that smart organizations use to ensure they have the facilities and related resources necessary to meet both their short and long term goals. Sometimes referred to as strategic facility planning, it’s the key decision-making that companies use to future-proof their workspaces. 

The reality is that simply following space management best practices isn’t always enough for your facility. Without good strategic planning and foresight, companies often stay stuck in problem-solving mode, instead of anticipating new problems before they arrive. 

On the other hand, when companies realistically assess their current and future space and facility needs, they can put themselves in a much better position to weather any new storms. 

In other words, facility planning is what helps companies take a proactive approach to their workplace strategy and real estate management , instead of a reactive one.  It’s about bringing business goals in line with facility goals. It’s also about ensuring both the business and its facilities are ready for the future. 

Who is responsible for facility planning?

The facility planning process is complex, requiring a high level of collaboration in the workplace .

That said, facility needs are typically handled by a facility manager (FM), or a facility management team. FMs make great planners, because they typically have both the data and resources at hand to make smart decisions for the office. And because keeping things running smoothly and anticipating needs is ultimately their main goal. 

FMs are responsible for all aspects of facility management, including ensuring employees have the tools and space they need to do their jobs properly.  As such, they are in the best position to understand facility goals. This is especially true when they collaborate with either an executive or growth team to stay up to speed on overarching business goals as well. 

Moreover, the roles and responsibilities of FMs have been evolving since the pandemic, so that they are more and more becoming leaders in their organizations—again, priming them to be in the best position to make good facility plans. 

This is also one of the main reasons why facility management services are usually best handled in-house—either by a dedicated FM, or by using facility management software to disperse these tasks among invested team members.  

What are the four steps in facilities planning?

No matter who manages facilities planning for your organization, this process works best when it follows the following four steps.

1. Understand your goals

As we’ve mentioned, facility planning is about bringing business goals in line with both current facilities and any planned expansions. So before any planning actually takes place, the planning task force needs to identify what demands are being placed on them from the business, coupled with the realities of their existing facility.

Thankfully, these two perspectives often dovetail. 

For example, cost-effective sustainability is quickly becoming a goal of virtually every business. 

Improving space utilization —which can dramatically cut back on the amount of corporate real estate needed—can therefore keep everyone happy. 

Remember, business drivers will vary from company to company. This ranges from responding to changing markets or demographics, adopting new information technology, preparing for potential mergers, or opening new offices or storefronts, just to name a few.

And of course, virtually every company is concerned with growth. 

Identifying which goals are most important now is the critical first step to planning. To make this process work, everyone on the facility planning team needs to understand the mission, vision, and company culture. 

FMs should therefore be given the tools and access they need to evaluate the entire real estate portfolio . Then, they can then understand how the business plan and other items coming down the pipeline will impact their space needs.

Only when they are armed with this critical data can they understand if current facilities will meet demand, or whether construction projects—or maybe just a better desk booking system—should be planned for the near future.

2. Analyze and set benchmarks

Of course, planning doesn’t stop with simply understanding your goals. You also need to understand how to actually make those goals a reality. 

To properly plan a facility, FMs need to leverage any and all existing data about the organization’s existing space management.

This isn’t just about knowing what your square footage is; it’s about figuring out how those square feet interact with staffing concerns and long term goals. 

Specifically, FM need three tools to strategically analyze their existing workspace and make plans for change:

• Comprehensive reports and analytics that provide actionable insights into the existing needs of employees and real-time use of existing space, including occupancy and portfolio reports
• Scenario planning software, which makes it easy to virtually test out the impacts of reconfigurations before having to manually implement them
• Stack plans , which provide a high-level picture of how space is currently being used

Of course, this assumes there is already an existing strategy in place to maximize the three basic elements of space management —effective space planning, effective office use, and effective space tracking. 

When these systems are in place, and the right data is being collected, FMs can use them to perform gap analysis and set benchmarks. This will guide future facility management in the best way possible. 

3. Start planning

Once FMs understand both their goals and their benchmarks, they can begin the actual work of creating their master plan. This is when the challenging work of translating a facility plan into a business plan happens. It will look different, depending on the business drivers for your organization. 

To plan properly, FMs should first document their primary objectives, and then conduct a risk assessment of any plans. This assessment should include cost analysis, which can be done using scenario reports. 

At this stage, FMs can also benefit immensely from move management software . They will also need to develop a method for both gaining approval and reporting on results. 

Especially if their plans will include new working policies (such as implementing flexible seating arrangements like hot desking or office neighborhoods ), they may also want to seek input from both human resources and the employees themselves. 

In fact, companies should look to include all stakeholders in all aspects of the strategic planning process. 

4. Start acting

The more FMs are able to maximize the first steps of facilities planning, the easier acting on their plan will be. 

This is also where the right tools become essential. The best way to implement any new changes to a workplace or facility is with the right facility management software. Ideally, this is one that can integrate with your company’s existing integrated workplace management system (IWMS).

Finally, remember that strategic facility planning isn’t a ‘one and done’ occurrence. 

This is an iterative process. Any plans will need to be assessed, adapted, and maybe even rewritten on an ongoing basis. This will include continually relying on real-time data and comparing it against financial reports and other benchmarks. This will provide a picture of what’s working and what isn’t. 

What is the importance of facilities planning? 

There is a rise in types of work environments , the growing reliance on the digital workspace , and greater competition. As a result, we can only expect facility planning to become more and more important. 

When managed properly with the right tools, companies can expect to see the following benefits from strategic facility planning:

• Cost savings and improved sustainability, usually in the form of requiring less office space
• Improved employee experience and engagement, derived from new working arrangements that make better use of office space and enhance the digital workspace as well—critically important now during the Great Resignation
• Greater efficiency, thanks to the thoughtful analysis of how resources can optimized

Better still, these new changes will likely benefit other departments, potentially improving all aspects of using an office. For example, when FMs bring in better wayfinding systems to support any of the hybrid work models we’re currently seeing, they’re actually making the office easier to navigate for anyone who walks through its doors. 

In other words, when organizations are planning their facility, they are actually planning to future-proof their facility.

What are the dangers of not having a plan? 

Like Benjamin Franklin famously said, if you fail to plan, you are planning to fail. Winging it is simply not an option. Especially when you’re managing something as complex as even a small company—let alone complete enterprise facility management . 

As the pandemic taught us, things don’t always go to plan. But the companies that had a system in place for making and implementing plans were the ones that were able to more quickly adjust to the new reality. Companies that have the right approach to facility planning will always be more nimble and resilient than those that fail to plan in the first place. 

See OfficeSpace in Action

Get a personalized demo and create a hybrid workplace that works for everyone

OfficeSpace offers a software solution that makes facility planning easy. Reach out for a free demo. 

Photos: Thirdman , Sora Shimazaki , ANTONI SHKRABA production , Mikhail Nilov

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• Write Your Business Plan | Part 1 Overview Video
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What Equipment and Facilities to Include in Your Business Plan Investors will want a detailed list of the equipment your business requires and where you plan to operate. Here's a checklist to get you started.

By Eric Butow • Oct 27, 2023

Opinions expressed by Entrepreneur contributors are their own.

This is part 1 / 11 of Write Your Business Plan: Section 5: Organizing Operations and Finances series.

A manufacturer will likely need all sorts of equipment, such as cars, trucks, computers, telecom systems, and machinery of every description for bending metal, milling wood, forming plastic, or otherwise making a product out of raw materials. A lot of this equipment is expensive and hard to move or sell once purchased.

Moreover, manufacturers often require a facility to house this equipment and operate the business.

Related: How to List Personel and Materials in Your Business Plan

Naturally, investors are very interested in your plans for purchasing equipment and facilities. But this part of your plan doesn't have to be long—just be sure it's complete.

Make a list of every sizable piece of equipment you anticipate needing. Include a description of its features, its functions, and, of course, its cost. In addition, list all facilities you plan on buying or leasing.

Be ready to defend the need to own the more expensive items. Bankers and other investors are loath to plunk down money for capital equipment that can be resold only for far less than its purchase price. Also, consider leasing what you need if you are starting out. Once you show that you are responsible for paying your bills and sales look good, you can apply for a small business loan or a line of credit with greater success.

Related: How to Write an Operations Plan for Manufacturers

Unless you're a globe-trotting consultant whose office is his suitcase, your plan will need to describe the facilities in which your business will be housed. Even home-based business owners now describe their home offices as the trend continues to snowball, thanks largely to mobile communications.

Land and buildings are often the largest capital items on any company's balance sheet. So it makes sense to go into detail about what you have and what you need. Decide first how much space you require in square feet. Don't forget to include room for expansion if you anticipate growth. Now consider the location. You may need to be close to a labor force and materials suppliers. Transportation needs, such as proximity to rail, interstate highways, or airports, can also be important. Next, ask whether there is any specific layout that you need.

Related: What Technology to Include In Your Business Plan

Draw up a floor plan to see if your factory floor can fit into the space you have in mind. Manufacturers today do most of their ordering and communications online, so you need to ensure that your location has excellent connectivity.

To determine the cost of facilities, you'll first have to decide whether you will lease or buy space and what your rent or mortgage payments will be for the chosen option. Don't forget to include brokerage fees, moving costs, and the cost of any leasehold improvements you'll need. Finally, take a look at operating costs. Utilities, including phone, electric, gas, water, and trash pickup are concerns; also consider such costs as your computer connections, possibly satellite connections, maintenance, and general upkeep.

Related: Bursting at the Seams? Tips for Expanding Your Startup's Office Space

Facilities checklist

Use this checklist to analyze your facility's requirements.

• Initial space
• Expansion space
• Total space
• Technology requirements, including connectivity
• Proximity to the labor pool
• Proximity to suppliers
• Transportation availability
• Layout Requirements:
• Purchase/lease costs
• Brokerage costs
• Moving costs
• Improvement costs
• Operating costs

These aren't the only operations concerns of manufacturers. You should also consider your need to acquire or protect such valuable operations assets as proprietary processes and patented technologies.

Related: How to Determine How Much Real Estate Your Business Needs

For many businesses— for example, Coca-Cola with its secret soft drink formula comes to mind—intellectual property is more valuable than their sizable accumulations of plants and equipment. Investors should be warned if they must pay to acquire intellectual property. If you already have it, they will be happy to learn they'll be purchasing an interest in a valuable and protected technology.

More in Write Your Business Plan

Section 1: the foundation of a business plan, section 2: putting your business plan to work, section 3: selling your product and team, section 4: marketing your business plan, section 5: organizing operations and finances, section 6: getting your business plan to investors.

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Business Location Example in a Business Plan

Sample Business Plan Template; Business Plan Location Sample

by Meir Liraz

Here is an abbreviated example of a serious sample business plan examples templateproposal.

It is provided to give you a feeling for the style of writing that is used in a business plan, and is not intended to be a comprehensive guide of what should be covered in a good plan.

The humorous content of this business plan example is supplied only for the readers interest. For optimum effectiveness, care should be taken to minimize the humorous content in an actual proposal.

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Free Sample Business Plan Examples Table Of Contents

• Statement of Funding Proceeds
• Executive Summary
• Description Of The Business

Marketing Strategy

• Business Location

Licenses/Permits/Registrations

• Insurance/Bonding/Employee Benefits

Financial Data

Statement Of Funding Proceeds

Children's World has developed a line of toys that are superior to all other products that exist on the market today. In order to service our identified target markets with these superior toys, significant capital infusion is required.

Specifically, the required $15,000,000 will be allocated appropriately to:

Marketing and Advertising $ 1,500,000

Salaries -0-

Facilities 50,000

Capital Equipment 450,000

Research and Development 1,000,000

Operational Expenses 2,000,000

Inventory 10,000,000

Total $15,000,000

Children's World is the major player in the global gift giving industry. Originally founded as a sole proprietorship in 1930, the marketing tactics employed by Children's World had grown to the level of being a family legend by 1940. Annual toy production of Children's World exceeded 86,000,000 units at this time, and major expansion plans were developed. However, due to a slight downturn in the global economy, these plans have been shelved as projected profit levels have fallen to a near break even point in 1993.

To revitalize the company, a rigorous program of research and development was undertaken in the early 1950's. The first major breakthrough of which is ready for production. To be able to make maximum use of our proprietary breakthrough technology, Children's World needs to upgrade its existing facilities, as well as reevaluate the company's sleigh delivery system It is anticipated that a late model Cessna Citation could be modified to meet the operating requirements of Children's World. In addition, several used cargo planes will need to be acquired to facilitate the development of large stockpiles of toys at strategic global locations. A central hub system is being considered.

Additional manufacturing upgrades are planned to facilitate the projected increases in manufacturing output. Some of the upgrades include the replacement of manual lathes with automated CNC machines, the installation of spray booths using the latest in electrostatic technology, computerized conveyor and sorting systems, and an upgrade in the Statistical Process Control (SPC) area of the Quality Assurance Department.

As can be seen, Children's World is now at a point where they need to seek outside funding to refurbish/renovate their production facilities, upgrade their global navigational equipment, establish a more visible image, and to establish an extensive line of credit to cover seasonal inventory expenses.

This loan will be backed by the full assets and inventory of the Children's World company. As the attached Balance Sheet indicates, these assets have a current valuation of $5,000,000. In addition, of the $15,000,000 requested, $10,450,000 will be spent on inventory and capital equipment which will also be used as collateral for the note. As the attached cash flows indicate, Children's World should be able to service the debt incurred by this loan application. It is anticipated that the Return On Investment (ROI) thrown off from this loan will be 200% adjusted on a yearly basis. Timing of the loan and the market entry of the product will be critical, however, with the maximum value occurring from a November entry. Business location example in a business plan

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Description Of The business

Our Mission at Children's World is: "To provide toys and games of exceptional quality, in a timely manner, priced at or below our competition, to enhance the profits of our company."

Children's World is a sole proprietorship that was founded in 1930. It is wholly owned by Mr. and Mrs. Sanford Theodore Clause. For the past 50 years, Children's World has experienced an increase in the public awareness of our year end close-out (where we give away surplus inventory). Because of this practice, the public has begun to think of us on a seasonal basis as a philanthropic organization.

To alleviate this problem, we have just completed the development phase of a novel and proprietary product line that will once again place Children's World in the minds of the public on a daily basis. By 1940, our operation had produced 86,000,000 toys, and has operated profitably ever since. However, revenue projections for fiscal year xxxx, without external funding for the introduction of this new product line, is expected to be down to a break even level ($1,100). With the funding for the renovations, advertising, and new product line our profits are expected to reach $30,000,000. Annual growth is projected to be 21% per year through the year 2100.

The "state of the art" of the industry today dictates that toys are produced without ever being touched by human hands. Our new revolutionary product line capitalizes on the fact that our toys have traditionally been hand built by our local elf community. Although our production methods are slow in comparison to other manufacturers, our quality levels are high while our costs are kept very modest.

This new product line incorporates a rare, refined essence (known only to our advanced Research And Development Dept.) that causes a strong attraction to be formed between the toy and the customer who first sees the toy. This essence is well known in the animal community. For instance, it is the reason why ducklings bond to the first animal they see after emerging from their shell (commonly called "imprinting"). These ducklings will not physically allow themselves to be separated, to any significant distance, from the "parent" animal for approximately six months.

After lengthy collaboration with the local duck community, and extensive field testing (test population will not be disclosed), our top notch R&D staff has been able to identify and synthesize the essence and increase its strength. When incorporated into our line of toys, this essence will create a bond between the recipient and the toy that will last for one full year! During this time, like the ducklings, the recipient who first sees the toy will not want to be separated from the toy to any significant distance (typically less than fifteen feet).

This instant "imprinting" at the time of viewing the toy had initially placed our R&D staff in a considerable quandary. To be effective and "imprint" on only the intended recipient, the entire channel of distribution must not be able to see the product. This enigma was eventually resolved by the decision to place the product in an opaque wrapper, bag, etc. that could be given to the intended recipient to be "opened". To prevent the early opening of the wrapper/bag, we have developed several colorful prints that can be placed on the opaque wrapper thereby lending it an attractive external appearance.

Compared to competitors products, the use of the "essence" will dramatically increase the recipients enjoyment of, and involvement with, our product line. Other significant refinements that our R&D staff has been able to develop are:

1. Gender Specific Essences. Using this innovation, a toy incorporating a female gender essence will bond most strongly with female recipients, and vice versa. This will help reduce the demand for pink and lavender trucks, baseball mitts, etc., and will dramatically reduce our internal manufacturing problems and inventory requirements.

2. Variable Time Factor Essences. This innovation will allow us to produce toys that have a "short" imprint time (30 - 90 days) for use when we need to spur sales, or a longer imprint time (up to 365 days) for a moderated sales level. We have found through extensive research that 330 days is optimal in that it allows for approximately one month of "de-imprinting" and subsequent anticipation build up among the recipients. Naturally, this will cause some friction among the family sub-units, but that can not be avoided if we are to develop a maximum market penetration.

Business plan example - The Market

The Children's World target market includes the pre-adolescent to young adult groups on a global scale. Using data supplied by the Bureau of the Census the total population of the world is estimated at 5,700,000,000. Of this basis group, we have conservatively placed our estimate of our total target market at slightly over 300 million customers. At the present time our sales are hovering at the 250,000,000 unit mark (up from 86,000,000 in 1940) giving us an 83.3% market share. We believe that the requested funding will allow us to increase this market share to roughly 95% over the next two years. This would increase our sales by an additional 35,000,000 units per year (see Appendix A for source information and calculations).

Our primary focus (and most of our extensive field testing) is on the 1-5 year old individual. Our products are gender specific, with male vs. female sales forecasts mirroring the population demographics. As our products gain acceptance within this market, we will move to expand into the teenage markets as this time frame is known for its friction between family sub-units. This will mask the effects of the "de-imprinting" irritations, and will aid us in minimizing any public disclosure (and competitor espionage) during the early phase of our market introduction.

All Children's World products are protected by the trademark and copyright laws, however we will not seek patent protection for the "essence" lines. Instead, we will keep these lines as a trade secret, thus preventing public disclosure and the subsequent possibility of legal entanglements from disgruntled parents, consumer activists, etc.

Initial responses from our market test customers indicate that our new lines are enjoying an excellent reaction. Inquiries from prospective customers suggest that there is considerable demand for these toys. Relationships with leading retailers, major accounts, and distributors substantiate the fitness of Children's World for considerable growth and accomplishment.

Competition

Although Children's World is a broad based manufacturing and transportation company, competitive threats today come primarily from other toy manufacturers. However, with 83.3% of the overall market, the competition does not play a significant role on company pricing/credit policies.

The major competitors that are facing Children's World are as follows:

Mattel, Inc. (Hawthorne, CA) Primarily a game manufacturer/marketer with sales of over $50,000,000/year.

Roadmaster Corp. (Olney, IL) Manufacturer of juvenile riding toys with sales of over $100,000,000/year.

Parker Brothers (Beverly, MA) Primarily a game manufacturer/marketer with sales of over $250,000,000/year.

Flexible Flyer Co. (West Point, MS) Manufacturer of juvenile riding toys with sales of over $50,000,000/year.

Tyco Toys, Inc. (Mount Laurel, NJ) Manufacturer of trucks/cars with sales of over $100,000,000/year.

Hasbro, Inc. (Pawtucket, RI) Primarily a game manufacturer/marketer with sales of over $50,000,000/year.

In spite of the competition in the toy industry, Children's World has continued to deliver a high quality, low cost product that is unique to this industry. In addition, our research indicates that our performance is superior to any other company on the market today.

The gift market is heavily seasonal, with the preponderance of sales coming late in the year. As stated in the "Background" section of the Business Description above, Children's World has experienced an increase in the public awareness of our year end close-out (where we give away surplus inventory). Because of this practice, the public has begun to think of us on a seasonal basis as a philanthropic organization.

It is our belief that we will be able to turn this mistaken perception around with the funds that we are seeking via this proposal. After all, in all comparisons Children's World's products provide more features and have superior performance than competitive products. In most cases, the difference in the number of features is substantial. A complete technical comparison is available upon request.

The "state of the art" of the industry today dictates that toys are produced without ever being touched by human hands. Our new revolutionary product line capitalizes on the fact that our toys have traditionally been hand built by our local elf community. Although our production methods are slow in comparison to other manufacturers, our quality levels are high while our costs are kept very modest. In addition, the exciting new breakthroughs that we have achieved in our R&D department (see the Description of the Business section above) will further increase the sales and usage of our products.

To get the most out of our marketing dollars, we have developed the following strategy for promoting our products:

Pricing and Profitability. Our pricing is tied to our philosophy of operating at a break even basis. However, because of both the past losses incurred in the toy giveaways, and to pay for the capital improvements outlined in this plan, we will increase our pricing in order to retire the newly incurred debt. We are projecting a first year net profit of $30,000,000 as the result of this project.

Selling Tactics. Consistent with previous years, preseason publicity outlining new merchandising concepts is utilized extensively to generate paid advertising participation from retailers and shopping centers world wide. This has worked well, and we have no plans to alter this strategy.

Distribution. Central pre-distribution hubs have now been established in each country. This concept permits faster delivery, without the need to return to the North Pole each time the sleigh needs restocking. This is the most cost effective procedure implemented by Children's World in the last 50 years.

Advertising and Promotion. Cooperative advertising funds are available to all participating retailers which leverages our national advertising exposure 400%. Proof of advertising activity from the participating merchant in the form of a paid invoice from the merchant and a tear sheet from the print media is required for final payment.

Public Relations . This activity has outgrown our in-house capabilities. Therefore, we have retained the services of an international public relations firm, Good, Better and Best, Inc., to coordinate those activities. The firm provides us their services at cost, as they benefit measurably through their visibility and association with Children's World .

Business Relationships. Children's World participates heavily in trade shows during the Summer months. This activity permits us to maximize our efforts and focus on the major retailers and buyers. Promotional activity by retailers may need to be reviewed in the near future, as seasonal promotion once targeted exclusively for December, has been pushed backward to Thanksgiving, and on occasion is now occurring as early as Halloween. This is a concern we are reviewing with our public relations firm.

Credit Terms. Standard credit terms will be offered to wholesalers/retailers (2% 10 net 30), while cash and checks will be accepted on the retail level.

Business Plan Examples - Business Location

The Children's World production facilities wholly owned and are located at 101 North Pole Lane, Arctic Circle, Earth. Due to the nature of the toy industry, and its propensity for industrial espionage, Children's World decided at an early stage that steps must be taken to isolate and camouflage their facilities. To date, their efforts have been largely successful, although a few close calls have been noted.

The facilities are debt free and are kept in good repair by the local elf community. To accommodate the planned product line expansion, only minor renovations (approximately $50,000) will be necessary as stated in the "Statement of Funding Proceeds" section above.

To safeguard both their new and existing product lines, Children's World respectfully declines to provide detailed information on this subject heading.

All licenses, and permits required for the continued operation of the company have been either secured, or renewed. Due to our location, our company is not affected by zoning regulations.

All Children's World products are already protected by the appropriate trademark and copyright filings. Children's World will not seek patent protection for the "essence" lines, however. Instead, we will keep these lines as a trade secret, thus preventing public disclosure and the subsequent possibility of legal entanglements from disgruntled parents, consumer activists, etc.

FAA certification and flight tests of all pilots and craft are both current and comprehensive, and are on file with the proper authorities.

Insurance/Employee Benefits

Due to the unique nature of their work force and the isolation of the environment, Children's World does not have to provide insurance for their employees. However, Children's World does have full property insurance as well as a general liability insurance policy for $1,000,000 per the requirements of most retailers.

Employee benefits include unlimited supplies of aspirin, nasal decongestants, as well as other cold related medicines. Regarding vacation leave, Children's World provides two weeks of paid vacation each year. The company also their employees with equipment, lift passes, etc. free of charge for skiing, snowmobiling, snowshoeing, etc. However, no vacations are permitted during the months of October through December due to production demands.

How we started

Children's World was founded in 1930 by Sanford Theodore Clause who recognized the entrepreneurial opportunities presented by the establishment of a charitable society. Through his efforts gift giving became more fashionable, particularly around the time of the Christian celebration of Christmas.

Management team

Our key management team consists of Mr. and Mrs. Clause whose backgrounds consist of almost 60 years of manufacturing and marketing experience. Our manufacturing team consists of over 300 well trained elf volunteers, each with at least 200 years of manufacturing, engineering and design experience.

A listing of our corporate organization is as follows:

Sanford T. Clause, President

Elizabeth M. Clause, Vice President, Henry J. Ticklebone, Director of Finance, Abagail B. Greenleaf, Director of Marketing Princely J. Rockafellow, Director of Sales, James A. Bronson, Director of Engineering, Jillaney P. Quackenmeyer, Director Research & Development' Jeremy C. McDougal, Director of Operations, Thistle P. Stickler, Corporate Attorney.

As stated above, the strength of Children's World management team stems from the combined expertise in both management and technical areas. This has produced outstanding results over the past 60 years.

The time honored leadership characteristics of Children's World's management team have resulted in broad and flexible goal setting -to meet the ever changing demands of the quickly moving marketplace requiring our products. This is evident when the team responds to situations requiring new and innovative capabilities.

The following are the summary job descriptions for the key officers of the Children's World organization:

Abagail B. Greenleaf, Director of Marketing ($100,000/year salary) Manage market planning, advertising, public relations, sales promotion, merchandising and facilitate staff services. Identifying new markets and corporate scope and market research. Identify foreign markets.

Princely J. Rockafellow, Director of Sales ($100,000/year salary) Manage field sales organization, territories and quotas. Manage sales office activities including customer/product support/service.

Henry J. Ticklebone, Director of Finance ($150,000/year salary) Management of working capital including receivables, inventory cash and marketable securities. Financial forecasting, including capital budget, cash budget, proforma financial statements, external financing requirements, financial condition requirements.

James A. Bronson, Director of Engineering ($85,000/year salary) Oversees product development including quality control, physical distribution, product and packaging design, new product development improvement, and improvements on existing products. Research and development.

Jeremy C. McDougal, Director of Operations ($175,000/year salary) Service, manufacturing, raw materials management and allocation.

Outside support

An outside Board of Advisors, including highly qualified business and industry professionals/experts from the elfin community, will assist our management team to make appropriate decisions and take the most effective action; however, they will not be responsible for management decisions.

At this time we do not forecast any need for extensive restructuring, and/or large scale hiring campaigns. Our expansion campaign will be able to be handled by our current staff of highly skilled employees.

Please see the attached financial projections including five years of historical financials, as well as a three year cash flow and income statement projection.

Other Topics in the 'Staring a Business' Section

• Business Idea Feasibility Study
• Starting a Business Checklist
• Starting a Business Basics
• What Business to Start
• Starting the Business
• Buying a Going Business
• Buying a Franchise
• Managing Your Business
• Special Requirements
• Making the Decision
• Business Plan
• Developing a Business Plan
• Sample Business Plan
• Planning a Business
• Planning a Service Business
• Planning a Home Business
• Planning a Retail Business
• Planning a Construction Business
• Planning a Manufacturing Company
• Starting a Small Business FAQ
• The Legal Structure
• Finding New Products
• How to Borrow Money
• Basics of Patents
• Raising Venture Capital Money
• Making Money With a New Idea
• Entering Into a Partnership
• Basics of Retailing
• Shopping Center Location
• Deciding on a Store Location
• Franchise Business Checklist
• Selecting a Franchise Business

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How to Write a Business Plan for a Service Business

Noah Parsons

10 min. read

Updated November 13, 2023

Free Download:  Sample Administrative Services Business Plan Templates

If you’re starting a business that sells a service, writing a business plan is one of the first steps you need to take. Whether you are starting a consulting business, a car repair shop, or a construction firm, a business plan will help you figure out your strategy, develop your marketing plan and figure out the all-important financial forecasts so that you can be successful.

Writing a business plan can seem complicated at first. There are multiple topics you have to cover and you want to impress your readers with a complete plan. Whether it’s a loan officer reading your business plan or a potential business partner, you need to make sure you get your plan right.

That’s why we put this guide together. Business planning doesn’t have to be intimidating and we’ll guide you through the process of pulling everything together for your new service business.

• What is a service business?

A service business typically focuses on selling services to customers instead of products. For example, a consultant or lawyer typically sells their time and expertise to customers. A repair business typically is selling the service of fixing broken equipment and appliances. Event planners are selling the service of planning and managing events such as weddings and corporate retreats. 

Service businesses don’t just have to sell services. Many service businesses sell a mix of products and services. Take a car repair shop, for example. They’ll sell the service of repairing your car in addition to the parts required to get your car serviced. Even though the repair shop sells parts, it’s different from an auto parts store that only sells parts and doesn’t sell any repair services. 

• Why you should write a business plan for a service business

It’s tempting to just dive right in and start building your business. A business plan can seem like a waste of time and it’s certainly more fun to start working on things like logos, business cards, and finding office space. But, it’s important to remember that a business plan is a vital step in the process that will prevent you from wasting precious time and money as you get your business up and running. 

Taking a little time to plan now can save you from  making critical mistakes  and prevent you from wasting thousands of dollars. Even though it may not be as “fun”, it’s worth every minute. Here’s why you’ll want to plan:

1. Clearly define your offering

Although you may have a good idea in your head for the services you’ll be offering, it’s important to write down exactly what you plan to offer to your customers and what you plan to charge. Especially for service businesses where you may be selling your time, it can be tempting to take on any job. That can lead to distractions and lead you away from your core business. You also want to ensure that business partners are on the same page as you and that you agree on the services you are providing, what you’re going to charge, and how you are going to deliver those services.

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2. Create a marketing plan

A clear  marketing plan  is crucial for getting your service business up and running. You’ll need to know not only how you plan on landing your first customers, but also your hundredth customer. Taking the time to describe your ideal customer and craft a marketing plan to reach them in a  smart and cost-effective way  is the key to a business that can grow efficiently over time.

3. Know your numbers

Before you start any business, understanding what it’s going to take to make money is a crucial first step. As you create a sales forecast and expense budget, you’ll be able to see what it will take to become profitable. Understanding how much it’s going to  cost to start your business  is also a critical number to know. For some service businesses, startup costs can be high. Looking back at our car repair service business example, startup costs may be significant. This business will need to purchase a workspace, tools, and other equipment before it can offer any services. In contrast, a consulting business may not have many startup costs. You may be able to simply  work from home  and offer your  services online , avoiding the need for any physical overhead costs. Regardless of whether your startup costs are low or high, understanding what level of sales you’ll need to make money is something a business plan will tell you.

4. Build your business strategy

A business plan helps you outline  your business strategy . Knowing your strategy before you start helps you focus on building your business the right way from the beginning. Figuring out your strategy while you’re trying to build your business is somewhat like building an airplane while you’re headed down the runway. It’s potentially possible but very difficult to do. 

Your business plan will force you to think through and answer the questions you need to answer to have a successful business.

• How is a business plan for a service business different from a product business plan?

Although business plans for service businesses are fairly similar to plans for product businesses, there are a few key differences.

Often, service businesses have fairly low  cost of goods sold . This is how much it costs you in parts, products, or other tangible items to make a sale. Most service businesses have low costs to deliver the service and therefore have fairly high-profit margins.  Software-as-a-service  businesses are a perfect example of this because the incremental cost of a new customer is so low.

Service businesses often have little or no inventory as they are focused on selling their service, not a product. That said, this isn’t always the case. Any kind of repair service usually has to have replacement parts on hand. But, lawyers and accountants almost never have any kind of physical inventory.

For some service businesses, overhead expenses can also be very low. Many service businesses don’t need storefronts, warehouses, or other expensive real estate.

• What you should include in your business plan

A good business plan includes six key chapters. Following this  business plan outline  will ensure that you have a complete and effective business plan.

1. Executive Summary

Every business plan should have a short  executive summary . Your executive summary is an overview of your entire business and a preview of the rest of your plan. Ideally, your executive summary can be used as a stand-alone document that you can use to  introduce your business  to investors who don’t have the time to read a complete business plan. Your executive summary should describe the services that you are offering, who your target market is, and provide a snapshot of your sales goals and profit projections for the coming year. If you’re  raising money  to launch your business, be sure to include how much money you need to get the business launched. Write your executive summary last, after you’ve written the rest of your plan. Because it’s just a brief summary – two or three pages at most – writing it last will ensure that you cover all the key points in the rest of your plan.

2. Problem and Solution

The first major chapter of your business plan will cover the  problem that you solve  for your clients and describe the services that you provide. If you’re starting a landscaping service, the problem you’re solving is your customers’ desire for a well maintained, beautiful lawn and garden when they don’t have the time to do it themselves. A headhunting firm helps businesses find and recruit new employees without having to have a large HR department. When you describe the services you provide, make sure to describe your pricing and how you stack up against the competition. What makes your services better than other businesses that provide similar services? What sets you apart?

3. Target Market

The  target market  chapter of your business plan focuses on the customers that you are selling to. A good business plan describes your business’s ideal customer very specifically. No business sells to “everyone”. Instead, good businesses know the type of customer that they are after and where to find them. For example, a financial planning service business might target millennials that work in technology companies who like to communicate mostly online. When you describe your target market, make sure to  indicate how large the market is . You’ll want to make sure that there are enough potential customers for your services out there so that you can grow your business.

4. Marketing and Sales

Once you’ve defined the problem you are solving for people, how you solve that problem for them and described exactly who your customer is, you’ll have a great platform for creating a  marketing and sales plan . With your target market information, you should know where and how to reach your ideal customer so that you can come up with a marketing plan to reach them. If your business is local, focusing on local advertising and social media groups might be a good idea. If your services are expensive, you’ll also want to describe your sales plan since customers most likely won’t just sign up for your services immediately after hearing about you. You’ll most likely need to deliver information about your services, create bids, and have a follow-up strategy for closing deals. Use this chapter of your business plan to create your marketing and sales roadmap so that you can start executing on your marketing plan when your business is up and running and have sales processes in place so you make sure that you maximize your marketing efforts.

5. Company & Team

Your idea is surprisingly not the most important part of your business. It’s actually the  people that build the business  and run it that are the most important. Even the best idea that’s poorly executed is likely to fail, so it’s critical that you assemble the right people to make your business a success. In this chapter of your business plan, describe who is behind the business and why this team is the right team to build it. Investors often focus more on the team than the idea because they assume that a smart and motivated team will adjust and refine an idea to make it successful, even if the first iteration isn’t perfect.

6. Financial Plan

Finally, your business plan needs a  financial plan . This plan should include:

• Sales forecast
• Profit and Loss
• Cash Flow Forecast
• Balance Sheet

If you’re starting a subscription service, include a forecast for subscriptions, renewals, and cancellations — otherwise known as “churn”. Your Profit and Loss statement will show your sales and expenses so that you can calculate your predicted profits. The Cash Flow Forecast will predict how cash moves in and out of your business and will help you identify  potential cash flow problems  that may occur in the future. The Balance Sheet will detail the assets and liabilities that your business is predicted to have over time.

• Free business plan examples & templates

It might be helpful to explore how other service-based businesses have written their business plans. Check out our  free library of sample plans and templates for service businesses . You can download any of these documents in Word form and get some structure for your own plan.

See why 1.2 million entrepreneurs have written their business plans with LivePlan

Noah is the COO at Palo Alto Software, makers of the online business plan app LivePlan. He started his career at Yahoo! and then helped start the user review site Epinions.com. From there he started a software distribution business in the UK before coming to Palo Alto Software to run the marketing and product teams.

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“In business, wrong location leads to suffocation.” - Mokokoma Mokhonoana 

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“In business, wrong location leads to suffocation.” - Mokokoma Mokhonoana

For businesses, whether big or small, location is crucially important. Business location not only affects a company's costs and revenue as well as its ability to serve the customer. Getting the wrong location can have serious consequences for the business. In this article, you will learn what makes a good business location and how to set up a location strategy to ensure success.

Definition of business location

First, let's find out what a business location is and why it is important for a business.

Business location is defined as a place or structure occupied by a firm to run its operations. This includes any structure or establishment used in conducting a business.

Starbucks places its coffee houses in high-street, high-visibility locations in various settings, including downtown and suburban areas. You can also find Starbucks in office buildings, university campuses, and off-street highway locations. 1

A good business location aims to provide an advantage to your business by creating a balance among:

Operational costs (the daily costs incurred to run your business),

Potential revenue

Target customers.

Some examples of good business locations include the M4 corridor for tech companies, tourist attractions for hotel businesses, and the city centre for coffee shops.

Business location factors

Factors influencing the choice of a business location can be split into:

Supply factors

Demand factors

1. Supply factors

Supply factors examine the cost of running your business operations in a location. Some of these supply factors include:

Labour - The cost of employing labour to carry out the same task differs according to location. An excessive presence of labour in a particular location can increase the cost of employment, as opposed to a location with little available labour.

Land c ost - Due to rentals or outright purchases, land cost varies among different locations. The facilities provided after rentals/purchase or development can also affect land costs.

Non-financial factors - Non-financial factors like political stability, language, social amenities, and governmental support can influence the choice and cost of hiring a business location.

Energy c ost - The cost of energy varies among countries, types of business production and the number of employees hired. For example, the energy costs in the UK are different from those in Germany.

Transportation c ost - This includes the cost of transporting raw materials, stocks, finished products, and other necessary business input from/to a business location. It is necessary that a business location be close to its raw materials or services supply to reduce transportation costs. An example of this is the food processing industry, where business locations are usually close to the farm.

2. Demand factors

Demand factors affect services provided to your customers and your business revenue. These include:

Skilled labour - Businesses prefer locations where the right expertise can be found. An example is an M4 corridor in the UK which houses the majority of the UK technology sector.

Location suitability - Some businesses perform better in a certain environment. For example, in the hospitality sector, hotels are usually found in popular tourist attractions.

Customer ease - A business has to be located where its customers will have ease of access to its products or services. For example, a coffee shop creates ease through its location in the city centre.

Future expansion - A location that doesn’t provide the flexibility for future expansion might not provide a good business location. An example is a manufacturing business that has a lot of potential for growth and expansion. Choosing a larger venue in the beginning will give the business more flexibility to expand its facility later.

Importance of business location

Choosing the right business location is vital to business operations and success. Here are some key benefits of a good business location:

Attract and retain workers with the required skills and talent.

Provide a balance between business costs and business revenues.

Offer the necessary infrastructure for your business growth . These infrastructures include a good transport system, gas pipes, and road networks.

Position your business to fully benefit from government policies, grants, or loans.

Ensure the smooth running of your business operations.

Provide an ideal location to get enough traffic for your business or to keep your business confidential.

Business location strategy

A business location strategy is a plan used to find the best location for your business to reach its goals and objectives. A good business location strategy usually involves location analysis.

Business location analysis is a process wherein a business compares different locations' characteristics in order to select the most suitable location. Here is what is included in such an analysis:

1. Demographic analysis

This considers the population of a location. It takes into account the population's average age, age composition, income, skill level, education level, and occupation, as well as regional governance.

2. Location area analysis

This type of analysis considers the potential areas that will provide the most customers to your business. It also analyses the ease with which these customers can reach your business location.

3. Competition analysis

This examines the presence of competitors in the chosen business locations, especially in terms of strengths and weaknesses.

4. Traffic analysis

This analysis compares the number of people passing your different business locations during working hours. These include both automobile and foot traffic. The goal is to find a location that will provide your business with the greatest exposure.

5. Economics of location analysis

The analysis aims to reduce the cost of operations and investment for your business. Operational costs are those involved in the daily running of your business.

In conclusion, a good location is essential for the growth and success of your business. The ideal business location should provide the least risk, low operational costs, a big market presence, and less competition. It should also provide your business with advantages to help achieve your business goals.

Business location - Key takeaways

• A business location is defined as a place or structure occupied by a firm to run its operations. This includes any structure or establishment used in conducting a business.
• Business operational cost - the daily costs incurred to run your business

Target customers

Business location factors that influence the choice of a business location can be broadly grouped into:

A business location strategy is a plan used to find the best location for your business to reach its goals and objectives.

Business location analysis is a process wherein businesses compare different location characteristics in order to select the location best suited to your business.

1. Nithin Geereddy, Strategic Analysis Of Starbucks Corporation, Scholar Harvard Education, 2013.

2. Staff, 10 Reasons Why Location is Important in Business, rovva.com , 2022.

3. Staff, Factors to Consider When Choosing a Business Location , businesstown.com , 2022.

4. Matt D'Angelo, Tips on Choosing The Right Location for Your Business, businessnewsdaily.com , 2021.

5. Alex Saez, The Key Features of an E-Business, smallbusiness.chron.com , 2022.

Frequently Asked Questions about Business Location

--> what is a business location.

A business location is defined as a place or structure occupied by a firm to run its operations. This includes any structure or establishment used in conducting a business.  

--> Why is location important for a business?

Choosing the right business location is vital to business operations and success.  A good location helps to :

Attract and retain workers with the required skills and talent. 

Provide a balance between business costs and business revenues. 

Offer the necessary infrastructure for your business growth. These infrastructures include a good transport system, gas pipes, and road networks.  

Position your business to fully benefit from government policies, grants, or loans. 

Ensure the smooth running of your business operations. 

Provide an ideal location to get enough traffic for your business or to keep your business confidential. 

--> What is a good location for a business? 

A good business location aims to provide an advantage to your business by creating a balance of the following: 

--> What are factors to consider when locating a business? 

Business location factors that influence the choice of a business location can be broadly grouped into: 

Supply factors 

Demand factors 

The supply factors include labour, land cost, non-financial factors, energy cost, and transportation cost.

The demand factors include skilled labour, location sustainability, customer ease, and future expansion.

--> What are examples of good business location?

Starbucks places its coffee houses in high-street, high-visibility locations in various settings, including downtown and suburban areas. You can also find Starbucks in office buildings, university campuses, and off-street highway locations. 

Test your knowledge with multiple choice flashcards

Which of these is/are correct 

Skilled labour, _______, customer ease, and future expansion are examples of demand factors influencing business location choices. 

In the hospitality sector, hotels are usually found in popular tourist attractions. This is an example of which factor influences business location choices?

Your score:

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Define business location

Business location is defined as a place or structure occupied by a firm to run its operations. This includes any structure or establishment used in conducting a business. 

Market advantage provided by a good business location to businesses includes

Market advantages provided by good business location good business locations include - 

Reducing a business operational cost 

Boosting potential revenue that can be generated,

Bringing customers the business operations are targeting. 

Give three examples of good business locations 

Examples of good business locations include the M4 corridor for Technology business, a tourist attracting location for hospitality business, and a city centre for a coffee shop. 

What are the factors that influence choice of business location?

The factors include labour, future expansion, location sustainability, transportation cost, land cost, customer ease and energy cost. 

What do the demand factors examine?

Demand factors examine factors that affect services provided to your customers, and your business revenues.

Factors examined by the supply factor are?

Labour cost, energy cost, land cost, transportation cost, non-financial factors 

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