essay public transportation

Essay on Public Transportation

Students are often asked to write an essay on Public Transportation in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Public Transportation

Introduction.

Public transportation refers to vehicles like buses and trains, used by the public to travel. It is a shared system, meaning it carries multiple passengers at once.

Public transportation is important because it helps decrease traffic congestion. It also reduces air pollution by lessening the number of cars on the road.

Using public transportation can save money as it’s cheaper than maintaining a car. It also promotes social interaction and provides mobility to those who can’t drive.

In conclusion, public transportation is beneficial for the environment, economy, and society. Therefore, we should consider using it more frequently.

250 Words Essay on Public Transportation

Public transportation forms an integral part of urban mobility, shaping the economic, social, and environmental dynamics of cities. It is not merely a service, but a key determinant of urban growth, sustainability, and inclusivity.

Role in Urban Mobility

Public transportation plays a pivotal role in facilitating urban mobility. It reduces congestion by transporting a larger number of people in a single vehicle, compared to private cars. This efficiency aids in reducing travel time, enhancing productivity, and improving the overall quality of life for citizens.

Economic Impact

Public transportation is a significant economic driver. It creates job opportunities, both directly and indirectly, and stimulates local economies by enhancing accessibility to businesses. It also plays a crucial role in reducing the economic burden of transportation for individuals, particularly those from lower-income groups.

Environmental Implications

Public transportation contributes to environmental sustainability by reducing the carbon footprint. It minimizes the number of vehicles on the road, leading to lower emissions and reduced energy consumption. It also aids in mitigating climate change by fostering a transition towards a low-carbon urban transport system.

Social Equity

Public transportation promotes social equity by providing affordable and accessible transportation options to all, irrespective of socio-economic status. It ensures that everyone can access essential services, job opportunities, and social activities, thereby reducing social exclusion.

In conclusion, public transportation is a cornerstone of sustainable urban development. It is instrumental in promoting economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social equity. Therefore, investing in public transportation is not just a matter of urban policy, but a key to achieving sustainable and inclusive cities.

500 Words Essay on Public Transportation

Public transportation is a critical aspect of a city’s infrastructure, playing a pivotal role in reducing traffic congestion, promoting sustainable urban development, and enhancing the quality of life for residents. Through its capability to transport large numbers of people efficiently and economically, public transit systems have the potential to reshape urban landscapes and foster social equity.

The Role of Public Transportation

Public transportation serves as the backbone of urban mobility, providing a sustainable alternative to private vehicle use. It mitigates the environmental impact of transport by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. Public transit systems like buses, trams, and metros are designed to accommodate large passenger volumes, thereby decreasing the number of vehicles on the road and reducing traffic congestion.

Moreover, public transportation fosters social inclusion. It provides access to employment, education, healthcare, and recreational activities for all segments of the population, including low-income groups, the elderly, and people with disabilities. By offering a reliable and affordable means of travel, public transportation can bridge socio-economic disparities and facilitate social cohesion.

Challenges in Public Transportation

Despite its numerous benefits, public transportation faces several challenges. These include inadequate infrastructure, insufficient funding, and a lack of integrated planning. Many cities struggle with aging infrastructure and overcrowded transit systems, which can lead to service delays and reduced passenger comfort.

Funding issues are another significant hurdle. Public transportation is often heavily subsidized, relying on government funding to maintain operations. However, budget constraints can limit the capacity for system improvements and expansions.

Lastly, a lack of integrated planning can lead to inefficient transit systems. To maximize efficiency and user convenience, public transportation should be coordinated with other urban services such as housing, land use, and pedestrian infrastructure.

The Future of Public Transportation

The future of public transportation lies in smart, interconnected, and sustainable systems. Technological advancements like autonomous vehicles, real-time tracking apps, and contactless payments can improve service efficiency and passenger experience.

Furthermore, the integration of public transportation with other modes of travel, such as bike-sharing and ride-hailing services, can create a seamless and flexible mobility network. This concept, known as Mobility as a Service (MaaS), represents a paradigm shift in urban transport, moving from vehicle ownership to shared mobility.

Sustainability is another key aspect of the future of public transportation. As cities strive to achieve carbon neutrality, electric buses, hydrogen-powered trains, and other forms of green public transit will play a crucial role in reducing transport-related emissions.

Public transportation is more than just a means of getting from one place to another. It is a tool for urban development, social equity, and environmental sustainability. Despite the challenges it faces, with proper planning, sufficient funding, and the integration of advanced technologies, public transportation can continue to serve as a vital component of urban life, shaping our cities for the better.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

Essay on Road Transport
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Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

Happy studying!

Public Transport - Essay Examples And Topic Ideas For Free

Public transport systems are vital for the connectivity and mobility of urban populations. Essays could discuss the benefits and challenges of public transport, compare transport systems around the world, or delve into the impact of public transport on economic and social structures. A vast selection of complimentary essay illustrations pertaining to Public Transport you can find at PapersOwl Website. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

Public Transportation is the Way to Go

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Taking a Car and Taking Public Transportation

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Managing Air Pollution with Urban Transportation

Abstract: The recent economic expansion along with the population growth experienced in developing countries has had a big impact on the development of large cities like Delhi, India. Accompanied by Delhi's rapid spatial growth over the last 25 years, urban sprawl has been contributing to increased travel. The vehicle fleet projected at current growth rates will result in more than 13 million vehicles in Delhi in 2020. Planning and managing such a rapidly growing transport sector will be a big […]

Revolutionizing Urban Mobility: the Future of Public Transport

In the pulsating heart of urban landscapes worldwide lies a conundrum as old as cities themselves: mobility. With populations swelling and city boundaries expanding, the strain on transportation systems grows palpable by the day. Traffic snarls, pollution clouds, and the sheer inefficiency of traditional modes of transport underscore an urgent call for a paradigm shift. Enter the dawn of a new era in urban mobility - one propelled by the radical transformation of public transport - promising to reshape the […]

Accessibility and Equity: Advancing Public Transport Systems

In the pulsating veins of urbanity, the heartbeat of public transportation resonates as a vital conduit, facilitating the daily movements of countless souls. Yet, beneath the surface of convenience lies a complex tapestry of challenges woven around the notions of accessibility and equity. As cities burgeon and transform, ensuring that public transport systems resonate with the needs of all citizens becomes an imperative. This essay delves into the intricate layers of accessibility and equity within public transport, charting a course […]

The Diverse Landscape of Public Transportation Options

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The Green Lifeline: Public Transport’s Role in a Sustainable Future

Amidst the complexities of urbanization and environmental shifts, communal transit emerges as a beacon of optimism, proffering an array of advantages that transcend mere travel convenience. This discourse elucidates the invaluable contributions of public transit systems, from assuaging traffic congestion to fostering societal inclusivity, thereby accentuating their pivotal role in shaping a sustainable and just tomorrow. One immediate boon of public transport lies in its capacity to markedly alleviate traffic congestion. By furnishing a dependable and efficient alternative to personal […]

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Public Transportation vs. Private Transportation, Essay Example

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Words: 565

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Individuals who live in large metropolitan areas are well aware of the values of public transportation. Public transportation systems are typically robust networks that involve many busses and trains that help the majority of civilians travel from place to place quickly, efficiently, and cheaply. On the other hand, many commuters believe it is easier for them to utilize private transportation options, which typically require the purchase of an automobile, motorcycle, or bicycle. Private transportation often allows individuals to travel a longer distance and more comfortably, although there is an added expense related to the ownership of these transportation methods.

An example of a city in which many individuals choose to partake in both public transportation and private transportations is New York City. Since this area has five boroughs, it covers a large surface area, which required different commuters to choose the type of transportation that will best suit their needs. Individuals that live within Manhattan typically choose to travel using the public transportation system because the busses and trains available to them help them get quickly from place to place in the city, often helping them avoid the busy traffic on the streets. Even when these individuals wish to travel further to the other boroughs, they are aware that the trains are reliable enough to get them there in a timely manner. One of the major benefits of public transportation in New York City is the price. One trip is only $2.50 independently of where the individual wishes to travel; this means that someone could travel one to 30 miles for the same price. However, public transportation is occasionally a disadvantage because these facilities tend to become crowded during peak hours. Furthermore, there is little room for these individuals to carry additional baggage.

On the other hand, many individuals living within New York City prefer to utilize public transportation. This is usually the case when people need to travel frequently over large distances. For example, if someone lives in the lowermost part of the city in Brooklyn and works in the uppermost part of the city in the Bronx, they would be able to get from one point to another more quickly if they choose to drive. Furthermore, if these individuals need to carry baggage or equipment with them, it is easier to store these materials in the trunk of the car, and there is no need to worry about the personal space of other passengers for this reason. Lastly, driving by car is an advantage because it is more comfortable; drivers are in direct control of the temperature of their environment and they are able to listen to music of their choice at any volume. The major disadvantage of private transportation is its price. Not only do drivers have to pay for their cars, but they also have to pay for gas and tolls. Furthermore, car trips are typically quicker than train rides because they’re more direct, but traffic is unpredictable and could occasionally cause the car trip to take a longer time than the train ride would.

In conclusion, there are both advantages and disadvantages to public and private transportation. The choice that the individual makes should be based on the amount of money they have to spend, the degree to which they are concerned with their comfort, whether they have baggage, and the amount of time it will take for them to reach their destination.

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151 Transportation Essay Topics & Writing Tips

Have you ever thought about the importance of transportation? Every day we see cars, trucks, planes, and ships and never wonder what exactly they are doing. In fact, these vehicles not only transport people from one place to another. They also form a vast system that plays a vital role in any country.

Our specialists will write a custom essay specially for you!

This is what transportation essays are devoted to. This article by Custom-Writing.org team will help you with writing your paper. Here, you will find:

a list of 151 excellent topics;
a step-by-step writing guide;
a public transportation essay sample.
🔄 Before You Start
✈️ Transportation Topics
✍️ Outline & Guide
📑 Essay Sample

🔗 References

🔄 essays on transportation: before you start.

First of all, we want to explain the two essential things you should consider before writing an essay. These are narrowing down the scope and planning .

STEP#1: Narrow down the scope.

Needless to say, transportation is a field that offers hundreds of issues to consider. You can start by determining what aspects of transportation interest you the most and using them as a starting point for your essay.

The picture enumerates the aspects that influence transportation essay topic choice.

STEP#2: Plan your paper.

After you’ve collected plenty of material for the essay, the next step is to think what specific points you want to highlight and what particular sources will be necessary. An effective way to do it is to make note cards while researching your topic:

On every note card, write down the point that you want to include in your paper.
Look through your cards and choose ideas that will finally make up your transportation essay.

✈️ Transportation Essay Topics

Now you’re ready to choose a perfect topic. Below you’ll find various exciting ideas that you’ll enjoy writing about.

Transportation Essay Topics: Top 10

Public transport in rural areas.
Road transport’s economy.
The future of public transport.
How to start a car
Gender inequality in driving
Family cars: pros and cons
American vs. British driving
Peculiarities of building bridges
My first driving experience
Preventing road accidents.

Topics for an Essay on Transportation in the Past and Present

Transport plays an integral part in human history . Its development facilitated the expansion of territories and allowed different nations to collaborate. Explore these fascinating transportation topics in your essay:

Importance of mobility : then and now. The role of transport has changed dramatically over time. Are you interested in studying differences in vehicle use between the past and present? This topic is for you.
Transportation modes before and after the Industrial Revolution . Choose several vehicles from the past. Then, compare them to some modern ones. Which of the old transportation modes have survived to this day?
Animal-powered transport: past to present. With this topic, consider the earliest methods of transit. You can focus on horses , camels, or llamas. It’s also interesting to look into the current use of animals for transportation.
How did transport influence expansion? Assess the role of vehicles during the Age of Exploration . How did they facilitate competition between countries?
National Road: connecting the US through the first highway . The National Road was vital for America’s expansion . Write about its past and present impact in your essay.
From the Appian Way to the Silk Road . Compare these two historic roads. Which of their features caused trade to boost? Can we trace present-day trade globalization to them?
Interstate Highway System and its legacy. The Interstate Highway System is a perfect transportation topic. Your essay might address its role in the US transit development. How does it connect America’s past with its present?
Challenges of transport in the past and present. Comparing past issues to the present ones can provide you with a perspective. This topic requires thorough historical analysis. For instance, you may focus on infrastructure development vs. environmental concerns .
From horse-drawn carriages to gasoline cars . The invention of the first automobiles is an exciting essay idea. Describe the significance of this innovation. How did it influence people’s lives?
Air travel : a revolution in the transportation industry. This exciting topic will take you on a journey through history. Describe the invention of a plane starting with the earliest attempts. What makes it a crucial step in global development?
Transport in the military . Vehicles help to accomplish critical tasks in the army. In your essay, explore inventions introduced during wartime. For example, you may examine the role of zeppelins and U-boats in WWI or bombers in WWII .
Transit for indigenous cultures in the past and present. Examine several tribes in your transportation essay. Various aboriginal cultures have unique approaches to transit. What factors influenced their emergence?

Topics for an Essay on Transportation Systems

Transportation systems are various means of carrying goods or people. These include air, water, and land transport. All of their components are interconnected, with each one serving a unique role.

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Intelligent Transportation Systems : how AI transforms the industry. Explore the latest innovative ideas with this topic. Will AI systems define the future of supply chain management ?
Transport systems and sustainability : working toward a better future. It’s not easy to maintain an environmentally friendly approach in the transportation industry. Your essay can explore several recent solutions.
Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs): what are the prospects? CAVs are a recent yet promising development. Will they be the next milestone in public mobility?
Control of hazardous materials: key concerns. Environmental hazards are often mentioned in conjunction with public transport issues. This concern harkens back to the problem of sustainability. Further research on this topic can help improve road management.
Video detection: opportunities for flexible data capture. This future-oriented essay will be fascinating to write. For example, you can research the options that digital video detection tools offer.
AI-based traffic control frameworks. Traffic control is a crucial factor in road management. What innovative tools were introduced in recent years? Review them in your paper.
Deep learning in transportation systems . Technological updates are essential for preventing accidents. What opportunities does deep learning offer in this regard?
Complex system software for improving the road management system. You can focus your essay on IT tools. What type of software is required to navigate a modern transportation framework? Review its various opportunities.
Construction and structural design of road systems. Road designs change to reflect our current needs. Today it’s essential to make them safe and sustainable . Look into the industry trends and outline them in your paper.
Integration of manufacturing systems . Lean production is an exciting idea to explore. How can manufacturing systems help in improving the transportation sector?
Manufacturing, modeling, and simulation . Explore modeling and simulation as tools for creating safer vehicles . Can they increase the efficacy of current transportation systems?

Ideas for an Essay on Transportation and Communication

Communication is intrinsically connected with transportation. From the dawn of humanity, people exchanged goods and information by traveling. Throughout the ages, the speed of these exchanges increased. Today, our opportunities regarding communication are practically endless. Enjoy researching them in your essay!

Ways of increasing market size using transportation and communication. For this paper, analyze the changes in the target market attributes. What influences market size?
Role of communication in informing the public about disasters. Discuss disaster preparedness and information management.
How do transport and communication improve travel accessibility? Assess the extent of this change. What are its economic implications?
Investments in infrastructure development. Analyze the current model of managing transport-related financial concerns. Does focusing on socioeconomic factors make it effective?
Policymaking as an issue in transportation and communication. Analyze the implications of policymaking on economic development . Will development rates increase if we reconsider the existing policies?
Updating policies for cargo storage handling . In your essay, review the issues of cargo management. How can we make it better?
Investing in transportation and communication. Point out the connections between investment and the socioeconomic environment.

The picture enumerates the main components of transportation.

Spatial problems in building a transport system network . Spatial problems cause multiple infrastructure issues. Study them and expose the issues in building of transportation and communication channels.
Economic issues in transport management: key outcomes. Your essay could also delve into the financial problems of transit. Transport should be linked in a working system. Otherwise, you can expect dire consequences for its management.
Ways of increasing reliability of data management . Information management directly affects the realm of transport. The reliability of the data determines its effectiveness. How can we improve it?
Building a global transportation and communication system. With this topic, you can review critical global transport trends. Explore advantages and drawbacks of the innovation. Pay attention to the development of a worldwide framework.
Transportation and communication: gateway to economic development. Economic changes will lead to improved communication within transport systems . As a result, it will become more efficient. Encourage this improvement by writing an essay about it.

Benefits of Public Transportation: Essay Topics

Nowadays, public transportation is losing its popularity. More and more people prefer buying a car instead. However, buses and subways still have numerous benefits. Explore them with this list of essay topics:

What are the three main benefits of urban public transport ? Talk about how public transportation improves life in the cities. Mention how subways are faster than any type of private urban transport .
How does public transit benefit the environment ? Discuss how it helps to keep the air clean by reducing CO2 emissions.
Private transport is not as safe as public transit. Talk about how safe public transport is. Unlike traveling by car, it has fewer accidents , traffic casualties, and deaths.
In what ways does mass transit reduce health issues ? Here you can mention how the use of subways increases physical activity.
Public transportation gives people more free time. For instance, it allows passengers to read, study, or work instead of watching the road . It can also reduce the commute time.
Why is public transit perfect for tourists ? Discuss how it helps tourists to learn more about the places they travel to.
Public transportation contributes to the country’s economy. For example, it creates job opportunities such as drivers and dispatchers.
Mass transit is the best way to travel . You can interview people who prefer to use public transport. Mention how it helps them to save money and time.
How does public transportation help to reduce air pollution ? For instance, you can mention that using it leads to fewer car emissions.
The importance of efficient public transportation . Explain how the development of mass transit helps to improve people’s lives. For example, it allows them to commute to work and travel between cities and countries.
Public transit helps to reduce traffic congestion in the big cities . You can assess the role of an efficient transport system with timetables.
How does technology change public transportation? Talk about technological development that helps to improve the mass transit system, making it more convenient.
What makes up an efficient public transport system ? Mention various means of transport, as well as good routes and timetables.
Reasons why you should use public transportation . You can discuss its safety, convenience, and other benefits.
The popularity of mass transit in the modern world. Talk about how it allows people to travel to work and visit other cities or countries.

Essay on Air Transportation: Topics & Ideas

The invention of air transport was one of the greatest milestones in human history. It allowed us to travel faster and safer than ever before. Are you interested in aircraft and its various uses? Check out these examples of air transportation essay topics:

The effect of air transportation on tourism . Mention that the developments of air services have shaped tourism in many countries.
The main benefits of air transportation . For example, talk about how it allows people to travel far distances in a relatively short amount of time.
Aviation and its adverse effects on the environment. Discuss how aircraft use contributes to air, noise, water, and soil pollution. and soil pollution.
Economic development and aviation. Discuss how air transportation contributed to the global economy. For instance, you can mention the development of tourism.
Traveling by plane is safer than road transportation . Here you can mention that despite many flights dispatched each day worldwide, the reports of crashes are very rare. On roads, however, no day goes by without a report of a motor accident.
What are the reasons for the rise of air transportation? Explain why it became popular. For example, you can talk about how air travel became more accessible for people.
Why is air transportation more efficient than high-speed rail ? Mention how a plane can get you anywhere, as it doesn’t need roads.
Aviation and its accessibility. For example, you can mention the prices of the tickets and the number of airports in different countries.
Main reasons why air transportation is safe . Talk about the high-security standards in airports . Give some statistics that show how rarely accidents occur. You can also mention how airplanes and helicopters are equipped for emergencies.
Air transportation and globalization. Talk about how aviation contributed to globalization, allowing people to travel and transport goods over significant distances.
What is the importance of air transportation ? Discuss the benefits of air transportation and how it helps to improve people’s lives.
Pros and cons of air transport . The development of air transportation helped to improve communication between the countries. On the downside, it has a serious environmental impact.
Does air transportation have any environmental benefits? Discuss whether aviation affects nature only in a negative way. You can talk about the technological improvements that help modern airplanes to emit less carbon monoxide.
The political importance of air transportation. Here you can talk about how the development of air transportation improved communication between nations. You can also mention how aircraft can be used as a weapon.
Ways to improve air transportation. Talk about technological development that can make traveling by plane more environmentally friendly.

Extra Transportation Topics

Still haven’t found a suitable topic? Well, here are 76 more transportation essay ideas:

The importance of transportation for a country’s economy . Review the main effects of urban transport on different aspects of the economy and assess its significance.
The public transport system . Research the sphere of different transport modes and determine how they’re connected.
Transportation in times of the Industrial Revolution . The industrial revolution has influenced today’s transport economy in many ways. The transport organization of that period is an interesting topic to research.
Urban transport  improvement in developing countries. Focus the research on finding ways to solve transport problems. You may also propose a new transport policy .
Adjustments for transport fares in a city of your choice. The essay may identify issues in the transport economy and suggests measures for its improvement.
Raising funds for transport improvement. With this topic, you can focus on different fundraising strategies , such as public campaigns.With this topic, you can focus on different fundraising strategies, such as public campaigns.
Types of government interventions in  air transport  organization. The essay may review existing governmental instruments for improving air transportation in a region.
Balancing supply and demand in rural transport economy. You can explore this important topic by identifying issues in rural transport and reviewing strategies for matching supply and demand.
Application of economic theory to urban transport. For this essay, study various economic theories and see which of them can be applied to different modes of transport .
Effective transport systems in various countries. One option is to study several examples of public transport in India and South Africa.
Development of water transport . This essay can explore how different modes of water transport could improve a city’s connectivity.
Recent economic trends in rural transport
How to choose transport for people with mental disorders
Current healthcare-related transport issues  in the United States
A dilemma of animal-powered transport and animal rights
The idea of transportation from the Amish point of view
Travel by train or by plane: the importance of psychological factors
Story of the first car made by Francois Isaac de Rivaz
Public  transportation in the USA : the 1990s vs. the 2000s
Rail transport : 5 issues to worry about in the 21st century
Peculiarities of shooting films on trains:  Murder on the Orient Express
Importance of communication during travel by plane
Threats of cruise ships: Titanic’s  story
Passenger 57  vs.  Speed : movies about transportation challenges
The Fast and the Furious : a wave of popularity for car movies
Is it acceptable to text while driving?
Toll roads in the USA: an important inequality issue
Pixar’s Cars : what does it teach us about transport?
Advertisement banners in the subway : a powerful marketing tool or a peril?
School bus transportation in Europe and the United States
What emotional problems do students face when they use school buses?
Bike  lanes in parks: the question of safety
Cycling infrastructure: threats and benefits for drivers
Who is responsible for safety in aviation ?
Transport that kills: the case of 9/11
Riding a motorcycle : benefits and possible risks
Special free training programs to support motorcycle safety
Public helipads in the city: equipment that matters
Traffic congestion  in the United States: causes and solutions
Impact of  traffic jams  on human health and employment
Overpopulation or lack of roads: what toughens traffic congestion?
Safety of cable transport: how to behave in elevators
Reasons to visit the  Moon : spaceflight access for Americans
Gas pipelines : a safe means of transportation or a reason for concern?
Benefits of ferry transport: a place for contemplation
Water bike free access: the necessity of a license
Illegal behavior of drivers : lessons to learn
What are the most common driving distractions?
Traffic  jams and their impact on human behavior
Electric transportation technologies of the 21st century
Hygiene in public transport: subway threats for Americans
Driving accidents : the roles of drivers, passengers, and pedestrians
Transportation lessons from movies: Gone in 60 Seconds
Types of conflicts between motorcyclists and car drivers
Availability of transport for low-income families in the United States
Why do people need vehicles in their lives?
What would happen if all modern transport disappeared?
Pros and cons of transportation progress in society
Competition between different transportation systems
Differences between airline flight classes: are they equally safe?
Child  car seat : a new law and new power
The popularity of monorail tracks in different parts of the world
Do people actually like using transport or do they just have to do it?
The effects of drunk driving on road traffic death rates.
Gas prices and human needs: solutions for drivers
What can your car tell about you?
Environmental concerns in car driving discussions : dilemma without a solution
Public and  private transportation : how to make the right choice
You can  live without a car , but do you want it?
Transportation in  healthcare : goals, techniques, and outcomes
Emotions while driving: the importance of control and expert help
Radio, phone calls, and communication:  threats for drivers
Plane and train traveling : history and current situation
Water transportation characteristics and techniques: sea vs. river
Space for people: what should you know about spaceflights?
A variety of transport in the  James Bond  franchise

If you haven’t found what you’re looking for, feel free to use our topic generator !

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✍️ Transportation Essay Outline & Writing Guide

Now that you’ve chosen a perfect transportation topic, you’re ready to learn how to plan your essay. Similar to any other type of academic writing, a transportation essay consists of three main parts:

The picture shows a transportation essay template.

Now, let’s see how to write each essay part.

Transportation Essay Introduction

An introduction is the first part of the essay. Its goal is to let the reader know what they can expect from this work. Try to make your introduction as brief and straightforward as possible.

Since the introductory paragraph starts the paper, it has to draw the reader’s attention. The most effective way to achieve it is by using a hook . A question, an interesting fact, or statistics can work as a hook:

Why is public transportation important?

Did you know that in 2019 Americans took around 9.9 billion trips using public transportation?

After you’re done with the hook, do the following:

Get an originally-written paper according to your instructions!

State what your paper is about. The reader needs to know the essay’s main topic and why it is important.
Provide some background information. It will help you to establish the issue.
Finally, build a strong thesis statement. Want to know how? Read the following section.

What Is the Strongest Thesis for an Essay on Public Transportation?

A thesis statement is a sentence that contains an answer to your paper’s central question. It helps you organize and develop your arguments and ideas. It also makes it easier for the reader to follow your logic.

To generate a good thesis statement, think of a question you will answer in your essay. For instance, let’s say your topic is “Explain how using public transportation can benefit people’s health.” With a topic like this, you may choose a question such as “What are the health benefits of using public transport?”

After you have a question, you can think of some answers to it. For instance:

The possible health benefits of using public transportation are that it helps to be more active, reduces stress, and keeps the air cleaner.
Using public transportation can help people stay more active, avoid stress, and keep the air cleaner.

Keep in mind that a thesis statement shouldn’t be too general. Try to narrow down the topics so that it becomes more specific. Take a look at the following thesis examples:

Transportation Essay: Main Body

In the essay’s body, you prove your thesis and support it with examples. If you have a simple thesis, you probably won’t need many body paragraphs to explain your ideas. Usually, 2 or 3 are enough.

Each of the main body paragraphs should contain:

Transportation Essay Conclusion

In a conclusion, you go back to the main focus of your essay. When writing a concluding paragraph, make sure to:

Rephrase the thesis statement. Remind the reader of your main argument using the information you have discussed in the body paragraphs.
Summarize the points you’ve made. It’s better to avoid mentioning new information in your conclusion. Briefly summarize the points you’ve made and explain how they support your ideas.
Talk about the argument’s significance. Demonstrate why the discussion on this topic is important. For instance, you may demonstrate how your argument helps shed light on a neglected issue. You can also suggest what the reader can do with the information they’ve learned.

📑 Public Transportation Essay Sample

Looking for an example a transportation essay? Look no further! Below, you will find an excellent essay example. Check it out:

We hope that this article helped you write your essay. Tell us in the comments which transportation topic you’ve chosen. Don’t forget to check our free tips on other essay types!

The benefits of public transport

Mark Buchanan 1

Nature Physics volume 15 , page 876 ( 2019 ) Cite this article

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Some 55% of the world’s population currently lives in urban areas, and this number is expected to reach 70% by mid-century. This condensation of humanity into compact zones reflects fundamental causal factors. People can achieve more when working together, coordinating their diverse skills and knowledge. Of course, cities also bring efficiencies of energy use, water and food distribution and provision of the myriad other goods people need. They are probably unavoidable in any energy- and information-intensive civilization.

Our future cities, some believe, could be key sources of the ideas and behavioural change required to meet the environmental challenges of the future, especially avoiding catastrophic global warming. They present opportunities to reduce per capita energy consumption. Yet cities also present problems, such as traffic congestion, which wastes time and energy and creates additional CO 2 emissions. Currently, some 20% of all CO 2 emissions come from road traffic, and that may increase, as armies of delivery vehicles and self-driving cars take to the roads in the future.

Over the past two decades, statistical physicists have discovered a variety of structural and dynamic regularities of cities. As organic structures both shaped by and shaping human activities, these sprawling, irregularly shaped zones follow mathematical scaling laws. For cities spanning some five orders of magnitude in size, some quantities, such as the extent of physical infrastructure, scale sub-linearly with size, meaning the relative costs decrease with city size. In contrast, many quantities reflecting human interactions, such as economic activity, scale super-linearly — cities become even more productive with size.

But statistical physics can go further as well, in giving insight into how our cities might be improved, especially by helping to limit traffic congestion and associated fuel use and emissions. Oddly, prevailing ideas in transportation research suggest there’s little to be done. Thinking of three decades holds that the character of traffic flows is largely determined only by the population density. Some economic analyses have even suggested that building more roads doesn’t help, nor does more mass transit. New traffic always emerges to take the place of any free road space.

New research tells a very different story — that public transport is among the most direct ways to reduce congestion, if done in the right way. The key is making sure that the layout of a public transport system makes access to mass transit easy for a high fraction of people in any city.

To get a better picture of what influences traffic, physicists Vincent Verbavatz and Marc Barthelemy set out to build a simple schematic model capturing the simplest elements in the interplay between driving and public transport, while neglecting secondary details ( PLoS ONE 14 , e0219559; 2019 ). Their aim was to derive the basic relationship between two key variables — first, the fraction of people in a city who choose to drive, rather than taking public transport, and second, the fraction of a city’s population living quite close to public transport, and so having easy access to it.

The model requires quite a few assumptions, and setting parameters including the average driving velocity and speed of public transport, as well as the psychological value people put on avoiding one extra hour of sitting in traffic. Yet most of these details turn out not to affect one qualitative result that emerges from the model. If p is the fraction of people living ‘close’ to public transport, P is the population and T is the fraction of people who drive rather than take public transport, the model gives a strikingly simple prediction: T / P = 1 – p . The fraction of people driving should decrease in direct proportion to the fraction of people with easy access to transport.

Verbavatz and Barthelemy were then able to test this prediction using data for 25 large metropolitan areas from Europe, America, Asia and Australia. The figures fall almost exactly on the straight-line prediction, apart from a small scatter. Across these cities, the fraction of people driving to work decreases in direct proportion to the availability of mass transit, as estimated in this case by the fraction of the population living within one kilometre of a transit station.

One might wonder: why did no one discover this before? Probably, Barthelemy told me, because the required data didn’t exist. Making quantitative estimates to test the model required modern data sources including TomTom navigation data and average driving speeds estimated from Google maps. But also, scientists don’t make observations at random. What researchers measure often reflects possibilities raised by theoretical ideas. The new model is the first to suggest this simple pattern as a possibility.

“Before,” he said, “no one had a predictive model. Economists often look for correlations and perform econometric analysis but do not have a model that makes an analytical prediction.”

The result fits perfectly with the intuition that making public transport easier should tend to reduce automobile traffic by drawing people toward public transit alternatives. An older idea that traffic loads in a city are primarily determined by population density, and nothing else, implied that city authorities could only try to bring in more people, and fit them into smaller zones. In contrast, this new work suggests that city authorities have many more options. The parameter p , reflecting ease of access, obviously wraps up a host of real-world factors that influence how hard it is for people to choose public transport. These include not only geographical proximity to transport stations, but also things such as the frequency of service, availability of up-to-date information, and access to local buses and other services able to take people over short distances to public transport stations. All are targets for making p larger.

This is a good example of how surprising insight can come out of combining complex sources of data. It’s Big Data doing good. It’s not going to solve our traffic problems, but at least it points the way to the most intelligent way to reduce traffic congestion: make public transport more effective.

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Home — Essay Samples — Government & Politics — Public Services — Transportation

Essays on Transportation

Transportation is a crucial aspect of modern society, as it enables the movement of people and goods from one place to another. With the increasing need for efficient and sustainable transportation systems, there is a growing interest in exploring various aspects of transportation through essays. If you are looking for transportation essay topics, you have come to the right place. In this article, we will provide a long list of transportation essay topics, along with additional content to help you understand the importance of the topic and provide advice on choosing a suitable topic for your essay.

The importance of transportation essay topics lies in their relevance to contemporary issues and the potential to contribute to the understanding and improvement of transportation systems. By exploring different aspects of transportation through essays, students and researchers can gain insights into the challenges and opportunities in the field, as well as contribute to the development of innovative solutions.

When choosing a transportation essay topic, it is important to consider the specific focus of your essay and the relevance of the topic to your academic or research interests. You may want to consider topics related to transportation infrastructure, sustainable transportation, transportation policy and planning, transportation technology, and the social and economic impacts of transportation. Additionally, you may also consider topics that address specific modes of transportation, such as road transportation, rail transportation, air transportation, and maritime transportation.

Transportation essay topics are diverse and relevant to contemporary issues in transportation. By choosing a suitable topic and conducting thorough research, you can contribute to the understanding and improvement of transportation systems through your essay. Whether you are a student or a researcher, exploring different aspects of transportation through essays can provide valuable insights and contribute to the development of innovative solutions for the challenges facing transportation today.

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Private versus public transport in melbourne, australia, how unmanned aerial vehicles ensure sustainable development, comparison of old and new public transport systems, deficiencies of existing public transport system and improvements for the sunshine coast, discussion on the issue: should public transportation replace private transportation, the implementation and evolution of self-driving vehicles, the positive impacts of using bus rapid transit (brt) in lebanon, research of effeciency and current issues of transportation system in shanghai, the impact of industrialization on transportation, the need for split lanes for motorcycles, ride-sharing service grab implementation in the philippines: problems and challenges, the london underground and its legacy: the people behind its success, types of vessels across the world, social, environmental, and financial benefits of carpooling, "death railway" - building of the thai–burma railway, top 4 productive things to do whilst stuck in a traffic jam, how the california high-speed rail system is beneficial, national transportation safety board (ntsb), mass media programs in reporting road safety in tanzania, relevant topics.

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Public Transportation Essay for School and College Students

Big cities have started feelings about the negative impacts of greenhouse gases in different forms. Meteorologists, climate experts, and researchers are highlighting that the best option to reverse the trend is to adopt public transportation in place of personal cars. The public transportation includes various modes of transport like bus, train, light rail, tram, and metro systems. Due to the significance of this issue, writing a public transportation essay has been becoming a regular feature in many academic institutes.

Table of Contents

Essay on Bus Transportation

If you are a student at a high school or college level, then you can never avoid your writing assignment. Go through the following list of advantages and disadvantages. It will enable you to write a good essay on bus transportation in the end. A few salient benefits of bus transportation are listed below:

Less Stress

This is the leading benefit of bus transportation. While driving personal transport, you feel more pressure in terms of safety, time, and cost; however, while traveling on a bus, you are free of many stressful factors. Thus, include the stress factor in your transportation essay introduction right in the beginning.

Cost-Effectiveness

Valuable money can be saved by opting for buses as a mode of travel. In case you use a personal car for transportation, you have to pay lots of amounts related to fuel, maintenance, and parking expenditures.

Enjoy Your Journey

While using the bus as transportation, you are absolutely free to enjoy your journey. You no need to drive, rather put your head on the back of the seat to have rest, read any interesting book, or watching the beautiful passing scenes. Even you may interact with other passengers, make new friends, and learn from their experiences. Not but not the least, open up your mobile and enjoy any movie or social media chat with your dear ones.

Less Pollution

A bus is more environmental-friendly mode of transportation. If everybody opts to use personal cars for transportation, of course, it will create huge amount of pollution in the atmosphere, resulting in global warming and climate change. However, buses can handle a mass at a time, causing less use of individual vehicles and thus contributes to less emission of pollutant particles in the atmosphere.

Every picture, event, or technology has two faces. same here with bus transportation too. If your tutor asks you to write an essay about the transportation problem with respect to its negative impacts on society, no need to worry. The following guideline will help you to understand the disadvantages of bus transportation in this era.

Over Crowded Traveling

On certain occasions, you may find additional passengers are onboard on the bus you are traveling. This over-crowded scenario may create anxiety, tension, and stress in you. if you are short-tempered, then this situation may turn you hyper, causing high blood pressure in you.

Wastage of Time and Effort

On your personal transport, you are your own boss, but in case of a public bus, you have to compromise on schedule. Sometimes, you have to wait for long hours for a particular route or destination.

Discomfort Feeling

While traveling on the bus, you cannot choose a suitable route for yourself. Moreover, you cannot stop the bus with your own will. You are totally dependent on the bus schedule and route.

Uncertainty of Time

One of the shortcomings of bus transportation is time uncertainty. Sometimes the buses get late in timely departure and arrival at some particular destination. Thus, the element of uncertainty is always there.

What Are the Major Benefits of Public Transportation Essay?

If you make a list of large industries in the world, of course, transportation will be one of the most important ones. It is actually the movement of products as well as people from one place to another, and this is why its supply chain is heavily influenced by time consumption, money, and human involvement. No logistic support can be completed without appropriate support of transportation as it connects all segments of supply chain management.

Public Transportation Mitigates Air Pollution

The emission of air pollutants per person in the atmosphere is too less by a public bus as compared to a car driven by a single head. On average, per passenger, a bus emits 10% fewer hydrocarbons, 20% less carbon monoxide, and 75% less nitrogen oxide in the air.

Better Fuel Consumption

As far as fuel consumption per passenger mile is concerned, public transportation is far better than an individual vehicle because it uses quite less amount of fuel. According to the American Public Transportation Association, each year, public transportation saves around 4.2 billion gallons in use of gasoline only.

Improves Traffic Management

Public transportation is inherently helpful in taking goods and passengers in bulk from one destination to another. Thus, it contributes less use of vehicles and eventually strengthens the overall traffic management by reducing traffic congestion.

Reduction in Financial Cost

The use of public transportation creates a positive impact on the economy of an individual as well as at the national front. You may save thousands of dollars individually, and the nation can save millions of dollars annually by promoting the culture of using public transports. See, you will be able to valuable money that could have been used in fuel, parking, maintenance, and other relevant expenditures of your automobiles.

Best Alternative of Personal Transport

Of course, if you can’t drive or don’t have personal transport, then public transportation is the only choice for you to go shopping, market, picnic, visit friends, or hospital.

Public Transportation is Much Safer

Transportation is becoming a sensitive issue day by day in the entire world. Thus, in order to address the matter at the grassroot level, students are often asked to write the benefits of public transportation essay during their academic careers. Traveling using public transportation is much safer than driving personally, particularly when you travel by train or bus.

Statistics indicate that the accident ratio is quite low with trains or buses while the mishap rate is far high with personal cars. The major reason is training. The train and bus operators are better trained than individuals. Moreover, they are also regularly detailed for refresher courses. The fatality rate and crime rate are also lower with public transportation than using individual automobiles.

It Promotes Healthy Environment

A number of social activities are closely linked with public transportation. At many picnic spots and places, you avoid taking your personal transport. Moreover, the people who use public transportation have more energy to participate in sports, walk, or leisure activities than those who drive personally.

Mitigating Global Warming

The use of public transportation is highly beneficial to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, resulting in global warming.

While writing your transportation paper, you must discuss both sides of the pictures. Besides hundreds of benefits, it is good to highlight certain grey areas in your essay about transportation problem. When you complete your writing assignment, summarize the salient benefits in your transportation essay conclusion and recommend some critical steps to the readers as well.

Best Topics for Essay on Transportation

If you have to write an essay on transportation but feeling confusions in finding a good idea, then the following topics will be really helpful for you. Read the topics and choose the one that suits best for you.

How Does transportation contribute to a country’s economy?
How to manage a public transport system in big cities?
The industrial revolution has a critical role in current transport dependent societies.
How American and British driving styles to confuse the people of other cultures.
What could be the next-generation transportation modes?
Impacts of traffic management system on human behavior.
Water transportation: how it contributes to the city’s connectivity?
How to write an essay on air transportation?
Public transportation is safer than individual transport.
The significance of psychological factors in traveling by air and train.
Communication is the backbone of air transportation.
Weather hazards for air and ground transportation.

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Transportation and communication are the two fastest-growing industries in the world, and due to technological advancements, it is not an easy task for school students to write an essay on transportation and communication. On certain occasions, it might not be possible for you to submit your paper on time. There may be additional academic engagements or social commitments due to which you face a strict deadline. In such circumstances, you don’t have any other option except to contact our professional writing services. We are always one the leading choices of the students to get writing help online because we ensure:

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Public Transportation

By John Hepp | Reader-Nominated Topic

For more than three centuries public transportation has helped both to shape and define the Greater Philadelphia region. Befitting one of the world’s largest cities, Philadelphia and its hinterland have been served by a bewildering array of transportation options, and these vehicles and routes have helped to define the extent of the region.

Public transportation – consisting of vehicles that operate on fixed routes used by the public – began in the region in 1688 with a ferry between Philadelphia and what is now Camden, New Jersey. This early line, though not a success, spawned additional ferry service and quickly established a Philadelphia hinterland in New Jersey. It was an early example of land outside Pennsylvania being tied economically and culturally to the city and established a precedent for southern New Jersey to develop in association with Philadelphia.

It would be more than one hundred years before local public transportation extended beyond ferries, but during the early nineteenth century an explosion of options developed as the city sought to expand both physically within the region and economically across the region and nation. In December 1831, Philadelphia ceased to be a walking city for those who could afford the fares of the new omnibus service in the city and its immediate suburbs in the county. The next year saw the introduction of commuter trains on the Philadelphia, Germantown & Norristown Rail Road, which allowed the middle classes and above to separate home from work not just within the city but also in portions of Philadelphia County like East Falls, Germantown, and Chestnut Hill, and in neighboring Montgomery County.

Not long after Philadelphia’s political consolidation in 1854 , the streetcar, a technological change in public transportation, became the vehicle that allowed the city’s grid to expand throughout the once rural county. On January 20, 1858, the first streetcars in the region began to be operated by the Frankford and Southwark Philadelphia City Passenger Railway Company. These horse-drawn streetcars quickly replaced omnibuses as the streetcars were larger, quicker, and more profitable. Soon the streetcars extended throughout the region to areas previously poorly served by public transportation. Coupled with an expansion in commuter rail service, Philadelphia could justly claim one of the finest transportation systems in country by the time of the nation’s Centennial Exhibition in 1876.

Network of Streetcars and Trains

By the 1880s, middle-class Philadelphians had a more-than-adequate system of horse-drawn streetcars and steam-hauled commuter trains to serve their transportation needs in both the booming metropolis and its expanding hinterland in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The lines of privately-owned streetcar companies occupied every major (and many minor) streets in Center City and extended southward, westward, and northward from the original urban core along the Delaware River into the adjoining neighborhoods. In addition to these routes centered on the business district, a large number of local lines operated in the other densely populated portions of the city like West Philadelphia.

Commuter trains served not only the city but also the larger region. The 1870s and 1880s were a period of transition for the railroads; some lines had quite intensive service while others still had surprisingly few trains. Overall, however, the steam trains were not used by many middle-class Philadelphians for their daily commute in 1880 simply because all of the downtown termini were a long walk or streetcar ride from the business district. By 1893, all three rail systems serving the city relocated their main facilities to Center City, and the daily commute by steam train became more viable for those who could afford the fares. The electric trolley, introduced in the mid-1890s after a brief and unsuccessful flirtation with cable cars, quickly became the typical mode of middle-class transport and eventually served as a symbol of the late-nineteenth century. In just five years, from 1892 to 1897, trolleys replaced all the horse-drawn streetcars and cable cars in the city.

In addition to a reasonably well-to-do ridership, all forms of public transportation in the region had comparatively low entry costs and only moderate regulation, and, through the 1860s, this meant that most providers were small, specialized organizations with just one or a few routes. Railroad and streetcar companies tended to go where their names claimed and not elsewhere. For example, a potential passenger knew the ultimate destination of a West Chester & Philadelphia train. Following the Civil War, however, a period of intense competition between long-distance railroads (such as Philadelphia’s Pennsylvania Railroad) brought about consolidation in the railway industry nationally in the 1870s and 1880s. Technological changes, such as cable cars and electric trolleys at approximately the same time, encouraged similar mergers in the streetcar industry. The result was a dramatic transformation from a competitive environment in the 1860s of many small companies to a monopoly streetcar company in the city, known by 1902 as the Philadelphia Rapid Transit (PRT) , and only two railroad systems – the Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia & Reading. Combined, by 1900 these two companies provided virtually all passenger rail services for a region that stretched from the Jersey Shore to Harrisburg.

A combination of events in the 1890s began the shift from nineteenth-century public transportation, serving primarily the middle classes and above, to twentieth-century mass transportation aimed at moving as many people as possible. Some of the changes were largely technological: the development of subways and elevated railways and electric streetcars allowed for lower fares. Coupled with these technological changes often were political changes. New franchise agreements allowed for increased government regulation at a time when both politicians and civic boosters envisioned a New Philadelphia in which working-class Philadelphians could live at greater distances from their work. Other changes were economic with political ramifications. Although the organizers of the new monopoly traction company in Philadelphia became quite wealthy, service deteriorated and strikes increased, creating a political consensus that more government planning and regulation was needed in public transportation. The most important change, however, was that rising working-class wages, together with falling or static fares, allowed more people to ride the trolleys and subways more often for work, shopping, and pleasure.

Market Street Subway-Elevated

Technological change continued in the early twentieth century. The Market Street Subway-Elevated opened between 1905 and 1908, offering the city its first rapid transit line which, when coupled with suburban trolleys, gave the region its first affordable high-speed system. Because of the financial weakness of the private company that instituted the line, the city took the lead in subway-elevated development over the next few decades, extending the original line to Frankford in 1922 and opening the Broad Street Subway in sections between 1928 and 1932. Although the trolleys and the subway-elevated caused the commuter railroads to lose some riders, the two major companies embarked on an electrification program of their own and between 1906 and 1933 modernized major portions of their commuter rail network.

Another late-nineteenth-century invention, the internal combustion engine, had the greatest effect on public transportation in the region in the twentieth century. By the 1910s, motorized buses began to operate on the streets of the Philadelphia area. The PRT and other transit companies on both sides of the Delaware River initially used buses to supplement trolley routes but by the 1920s, began use buses to replace streetcars. Buses offered transit companies two advantages. First was more operating flexibility, as a bus could detour around an obstacle that would delay a trolley. The other was lower capital costs as buses operated on public highways while trolleys needed privately maintained rails.

In addition to the buses operated by the established, regulated transit companies, a new form of public transportation came to the region: the jitney. Jitneys were unregulated buses operated by private individuals, usually in competition with existing transit companies. The jitneys usually charged lower fares but often only operated during peak hours and on peak routes when they could be assured of heavy ridership. Although jitneys could be found throughout the metropolis, they were extremely popular in New Jersey, perhaps because that state had a particularly good public highway system.

Despite the advent of the automobile, for the first third of the twentieth century most residential development still followed the railroad and trolley lines. Even for the Philadelphians who could afford an automobile, the car remained more of a toy for weekend exploration than a family’s primary means of transport until midcentury.

Depression Hurts Public Transit

The Great Depression had many negative effects on the public transportation of the region. Both railroad systems cut back on their commuter services, and their lines in southern New Jersey to the shore – once fiercely competitive – were merged to create the Pennsylvania-Reading Seashore Lines. Many small suburban trolley lines were abandoned, and other larger systems converted the electric streetcars to buses. In Philadelphia, the PRT declared bankruptcy and emerged in 1940 as the Philadelphia Transportation Company (PTC). The city’s ambitious rapid transit construction program slowed and then stopped.

Although public transportation ridership rose greatly during World War II , this increase was temporary. At the end of the war, automobile ownership increased and middle-class families left the older sections of the city for the car-friendly Great Northeast and suburbs. By the 1950s, the PTC was owned by National City Lines, a bus-friendly company that continued abandoning streetcar lines, and both the Pennsylvania and Reading railroads were cutting commuter service in response to growing losses.

In reaction to these declines in service, local and state governments became increasingly involved in public transportation starting in the late 1950s. In 1960, the City of Philadelphia began subsidizing service and purchasing equipment for use on commuter rail lines in the city to Chestnut Hill and Manayunk. The South Eastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) began to coordinate and fund all public transportation in Philadelphia and the Pennsylvania suburbs in 1965. SEPTA bought new equipment and built the Center City Commuter Connection in 1984 to link the former Pennsylvania and Reading systems. Similar changes happened in New Jersey, where the state initially funded train and bus services and later took over their operation. Perhaps the region’s most significant change at this time was the construction of the Lindenwold High Speed Line in New Jersey by the Delaware River Port Authority (DRPA). This line opened in 1969 and featured air-conditioned and computer-operated trains. More recently, New Jersey Transit opened the River Line between Trenton and Camden in 2004 and ridership has been well ahead of estimates.

Hubs and Spokes

photograph showing construction of the Market Frankford Elevated Subway

By the first decades of the twenty-first century, public transportation in the Greater Philadelphia region centered on a few hubs (Trenton and Camden in New Jersey; Wilmington in Delaware; Chester, Norristown and Upper Darby in Pennsylvania; and Center City for the region) with spokes extending throughout the city, suburbs, exurban towns, and countryside. Along these spokes rows of working- and middle-class homes attested to public transportation’s role in shaping the region, and retail and commercial districts remained around lesser transit hubs like Frankford and Upper Darby. Because of its extensive public transportation system, Philadelphia had a lower than average car ownership rate for an American city. “Reverse commuting,” boarding a train or bus in the city to a job in the suburbs, also became increasingly common and new transportation hubs, like Plymouth Meeting and King of Prussia, continued to develop.

Public transportation faces a wide range of challenges from uncertain funding to the need to serve jobs in the suburbs with new hubs and routes. The four major public transportation providers in the region — SEPTA, DRPA, New Jersey Transit and DART First State —will have to adapt to these changes as the region’s transportation needs continue to evolve, as did their predecessors for more than three hundred years.

John Hepp is associate professor of history and co-chair of the Division of Global History and Languages at Wilkes University in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, and he teaches American urban and cultural history with an emphasis on the period 1800 to 1940. (Author information current at time of publication.)

Cooper's Ferry

Historical Society of Pennsylvania

The first public transportation in the region was a ferry from Philadelphia to what is now Camden in 1688. This early line, though not a success, spawned additional ferry service and quickly established an early Philadelphia hinterland in New Jersey. This 1875 print purports to show Cooper's Ferry in the late-eighteenth century. Cooper's Ferry also helped to establish an early transportation link between Philadelphia, all of New Jersey, and New York.

Railroad Suburbs

Library Company of Philadelphia

This image from 1832 shows a steam engine pulling railroad cars that resemble horse-drawn buggies at the Philadelphia Germantown & Norristown depot at Ninth and Green Streets. Starting in the eighteenth century, wealthy Philadelphians moved to the small borough of Germantown and built grand country estates to escape the crowded city. This influx of wealthy residents to the outskirts of town necessitated a reliable, efficient means of travel to and from the city. As a result, in the early 1830s a group of Germantown entrepreneurs set out to create the Philadelphia, Germantown, and Norristown Rail Road. The first trains arrived in Germantown in 1832, and the community soon developed into the first railroad suburb of Philadelphia, and one of the first in the nation.

Green Street Depot

The year 1832 saw the introduction of commuter trains on the Philadelphia, Germantown & Norristown Rail Road, which allowed the middle classes and above to separate home from work not just within the city but also portions of Philadelphia County such as East Falls, Germantown, and Chestnut Hill and neighboring Montgomery County. Increased commuter trains over the next few decades helped to enable the political consolidation of the city and county in 1854 because most of the population centers were linked reliably with the originalurban core. This early-twentieth-century print by Frank H. Taylor depicts the Green Street depot of the line in 1876 and shows a steam engine to the left of the station.

Horse-Drawn Streetcar

The horse-drawn streetcar, introduced in 1858, moved along a set of tracks, which improved upon the early omnibus by providing a smoother ride with faster travel speeds for the customers, regardless of the conditions of the road. Faster travel meant that middle-class workers could move into new residential areas, such as to the north of Center City or to West Philadelphia (east of Fortieth Street). Streetcar fares were lower than the omnibus, but still too expensive for members of the working-classes to use on daily basis. Horse-drawn streetcars operated in Philadelphia until around 1897, when electric trolley cars became a more reliable and less expensive alternative. The streetcar shown here at Sixth and Jackson Street in 1894 demonstrates how streetcars typically operated with two horses, a driver, and a conductor.

Waiting for the Train, 1892

Detroit Publishing Co., Library of Congress

Commuters at Jenkintown in suburban Montgomery County along the Reading railroad await the train arriving in the distance. The final decades of the nineteenth century were the halcyon days of commuter rail service in the region with a large variety of lines linking the city to its hinterland. In addition to the lines focused on Center City and Camden, during this period there were smaller commuter nodes in North and Northeast Philadelphia.

Reading Terminal, 1893

Library of Congress

Reading Terminal opened in 1893 and represented the Reading’s desire to challenge its larger cross-town rival, the Pennsylvania Railroad. The headhouse was designed by architect Francis H. Kimball (known for early skyscrapers in Manhattan and his use of terra-cotta) and the train shed by Wilson Brothers & Company. It was one of the new termini located in Center City that encouraged commuter rail ridership.

The Market Street Subway-Elevated opened between 1905 and 1908 and offered the city its first rapid transit line and, when coupled with suburban trolleys, created an affordable high-speed system. Over the next few decades, the city extended the original line to Frankford in 1922 and opened the Broad Street Subway in sections between 1928 and 1932. This photograph from 1916 shows construction of the Market Frankford Elevated Subway on 189 Front Street in Philadelphia.

Subway Station Entrance - West Olney Avenue

PhillyHistory.org

One of the benefits of adding a mass transit system within the city of Philadelphia was the lower cost of transportation for the public and the ease of which to access the system. The subway entrance photographed in 1936 is located at the corner of West Olney Avenue and North Broad Street, over six miles away from Philadelphia's City Hall. By utilizing this subway station, a person was only twenty minutes away from accessing the center of Philadelphia. This ease of travel and the lower cost of everyday travel provided more incentive for people to move out to the suburbs and away from the center city district. Subways also provided additional incentive for people to travel to larger department stores in Philadelphia. Smaller businesses, like the Franklin's Shoe Repair and the drug store in this photograph, situated themselves by subway entrances because of the volume of people that traveled the subway every day.

PATCO High Speedline - City Hall Station

Photograph for the Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia by Kristen M. Rigaut

The Port Authority Transit Corporation (PATCO) condensed two underutilized lines, the Locust Street Line in Philadelphia and the Camden Line in New Jersey, together and began operation in 1969 after an extension to the Camden Line to Lindenwold was completed. PATCO brought new technological innovations, like air-conditioned and computer-operated train cars, to the Philadelphia subway system for the first time. The PATCO train seen in this picture runs from 16th and Locust streets in Philadelphia, crosses the Delaware River on the Ben Franklin Bridge, goes under Camden, and ends in Lindenwold, New Jersey.

Time Periods

Twenty-First Century
Twentieth Century after 1945
Twentieth Century to 1945
Nineteenth Century after 1854
Nineteenth Century to 1854
Colonial Era
Center City Philadelphia
Market Street
Red Arrow Lines
Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission
General Strike of 1910
Philadelphia Transportation Company (PTC) Strike
Commuter Trains

Related Collections

Samuel Castner Collection, John Gibb Smith Jr. Collection, and Map Collection Free Library of Philadelphia 1901 Vine Street, Philadelphia.
Local History Room Haddonfield Public Library 60 N. Haddon Avenue, Haddonfield, New Jersey.
Pennsylvania Railroad Collection, Reading Railroad Collection, and John F. Tucker Transit Collection Hagley Museum and Library 200 Hagley Creek Road, Wilmington, Delaware.
Harold E. Cox Transportation Collection (Collection 3158) and other transit holdings Historical Society of Pennsylvania 1300 Locust Street, Philadelphia.
Penn Central Railroad Collection Pennsylvania State Archives, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission 350 North Street, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
Penn Central Railroad Collection and other transit holdings Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission 300 Gap Road (Route 741), Strasburg, Pennsylvania.

Related Places

Sixty-Ninth Street Transportation Center (Media and Sharon Hill Lines), Sixty-Ninth and Market Streets, Philadelphia.

Market East Station and Reading Terminal Train Shed ( Pennsylvania Convention Center ), Eleventh and Market Streets, Philadelphia.

Norristown Transportation Center , 93 Schuylkill Avenue and DeKalb Street, Norristown, Pa.

The River Line , Camden to Trenton, N.J.

Backgrounders

Connecting Headlines with History

SEPTA taps hard-won $2.4B transportation funding for first project (WHYY, January 24, 2014)
SEPTA running weekend service this summer on El, Broad Street Line (WHYY, June 3, 2014)
Broad Street subway service for night owls begins (WHYY, June 13, 2014)
No deal: SEPTA Regional Rail workers announce strike (WHYY, June 14, 2014)
Obama intervenes in SEPTA strike: Service restored by Sunday morning (WHYY, June 14, 2014)
Drivers, bikers in Philly have the edge on public transit passengers, pedestrians (WHYY, July 11, 2014)
Students left on corner as Philly district reduces busing service (WHYY, August 18, 2014)
Turns out a SEPTA predecessor used double-decker buses (WHYY, August 24, 2015)
Jarrett Walker's philosophy of public transit as means to freedom (WHYY, December 7, 2016)
SEPTA pulls 40 Market Frankford railcars after cracks discovered (WHYY, February 5, 2017)
SEPTA transit fares to go up starting July 1st (WHYY, March 17, 2017)
Advertisement, Philadelphia, Germantown, and Norristown (Hagley Digital Images)
All Aboard for Philadelphia! (Historical Society of Pennsylvania)
The Rise and Fall of the Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company (Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Fondly, Pennsylvania)
Chrostwait's Pennsylvania Municipal Law Reporter, Philadelphia Jitney Association, et al. v. Blankenburg, et al. (Google Books)

Connecting the Past with the Present, Building Community, Creating a Legacy

February 25, 2021
No Comments

IELTS Writing task 2 band 6.5 | Public transportation

Today, we will be looking at two writing task 2 essays about public transport. They would both score 6.5 in the test for different reasons. Read on to find out more about why these essay would score 6.5, and what would make them better!

Many people believe that free public transportation should be available in most major cities.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of this idea?

You should write at least 250 words.

According to many, public transport which can be used without paying charges should be available in most metropolitan cities. The major benefit of this belief is traffic congestion will be reduced noticeably. Whereas , a drawback is the more burdens will occur on the government.

An increasing number of private vehicles on the roads are creating an enormous amount of traffic, which is closely tied to produce a massive amount of sound pollution . It is, eventually, harmful to the human lungs and ears. Applying free public transportation can result in encouraging people to switch from their personal car to public vehicles in daily activities. In this way, the government can draw a line on excessively increasing traffic amount in urban settings as well as sound pollution would be cut back . Free public transportation can also help individually because people can move around without paying a fare, and they do not have to think of parking or maintenance costs, which they have to spend if they use a private car. Consequently, It can be said that free public transportation has many advantages for both individuals and states.

Despite a number of benefits, there are also some drawbacks of free public transportation. One of the major difficulties is the government have to be undergone a burden because they have to allot a huge amount of tax-payers money to invest for launching public vehicles and continuously pay the maintenance cost of free public transportation and in return, the government will be got no amount of money. This massive amount of money the government could use for the neediest sector, such as the infrastructural improvement of the healthcare system which is the most important part of the people who actually pay the taxes. With the huge disadvantage of free public transportation, it cannot be considered a wise decision to make public transportation free of charge.

In conclusion, free public transportation can come up with the blessings of less traffic congestion in most mejor cities. Besides , it also creates a huge problem for the government can not give their focal point on other neediest sectors.

Task Achievement

The task achievement is good here.

One issue that prevents this essay from scoring higher for task achievement is that the conclusion does not properly cover the main points in the body of the essay. This means that it addresses all parts of the task (band 7), but the band 8 criterion (sufficiently addresses all parts of the task) is not met.

Note that the conclusion does not say whether the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. This is fine because the question does not ask which are greater!

The body paragraphs have nice, logical concluding remarks, meaning that ideas develop well.

addresses all parts of the task
presents a clear position throughout the response
presents, extends and supports main ideas , but there may be a tendency to overgeneralise and/or supporting ideas may lack focus

Paragraphing is logical and there is clear progression throughout.

The use of cohesive devices (transition signals, referencing and substitution) is usually good in this essay, with lots of variety. The use of coherence markers is not mechanical.

The reason that this essay does not score band 7 is that several cohesive devices are incorrectly used: whereas (in the introduction) and besides in the conclusion are wrong. The meaning of besides is inappropriate, and whereas has been used with only one clause, whereas correct use would require two clauses (see what I did there? 😉). Another error with transitions is the use of as well as – it is being used to substitute and, but the usage is incorrect.

There is an idea that doesn’t properly match up here: sound pollution and harm to the lungs. This would prevent the essay from scoring higher once issues with transition signals are fixed.

arranges information and ideas coherently and there is a clear overall progression
uses cohesive devices effectively, but cohesion within and/or between sentences may be faulty or mechanical
may not always use referencing clearly or appropriately
uses paragraphing, but not always logically

Lexical resource

There is some good vocabulary with an awareness of style and location.

There are some collocation errors, but there is enough good vocabulary here to justify the higher score.

Wording in the conclusion is quite clumsy (can come up with the blessings of less traffic congestion) and needs to be tidied up.

Some other word choice and word for errors include ‘belief’ vs ‘concept / idea’, ‘burdens will occur’ vs ‘burdens will be placed on’, ‘draw a line on’ vs ‘draw a line under’, ‘think of’ vs ‘think about’, ‘costs are spent’ vs ‘costs are incurred’. However, the meaning is clear throughout.

uses a sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision
uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation
may produce occasional errors in word choice, spelling and/or word formation

Grammatical range and accuracy

The grammar is also good here, but the seriousness of errors prevents a higher score.

There are a few errors where the writer has not used the passive, and it makes the meaning a little confusing: ‘this massive amount of money the government could use’ vs ‘this massive amount of money could be used by the government’, ‘One of the major difficulties is the government have to be undergone a burden’ vs ‘The government has to undergo a burden’ (or better still, ‘a burden is placed on the government’, ‘the government will be got’ vs ‘the government will get’

There are a few grammatical issues around the transition signals ‘whereas’ and ‘as well as’.

Uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms
Makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce communication

A lot of people are of the opinion that public transport should be cost free and accessible in large cities however this idea has its merits and demerits .

Firstly we will discuss one of the merits which is easy travels.

A large number of individuals need to move from place to place via public transport such as buses, trains and ferries or using commercial motorcycles and taxi services. Making these services free and available improves for use improves the living conditions of the people as they can visit places without having to worry about the cost and this helps to save money as the money spent on transport fare can be unbearable . For example, people who work far from home spend almost all their earnings on transportation. If this is excluded, more money can be saved and used for other pressing issued such as feeding and care of the family thereby giving the low income workers live a comfortable life.

One of the disadvantages include increase in tax payment by locals. In most countries, tax paid by the people is used for its development. Revenue from transportation is quite significant as it is used on a daily basis but if this were to be made free, it will cause a fall in revenue generation and thereby causing an increase in tax on other sectors such as water, electricity and health.

Another disadvantage is overcrowding. Making public transport free will encourage its use by many as I is for a fact that most people love free services. This in turn increases the number of people in a particular place thereby increase the risk of spreading communicable disease such as the deadly Coronavirus, tuberculosis and exacerbation of asthma as a result of congestion .

In conclusion, the benefits of making public transport free of charge and available include easy movement from place to place, a more convenient life and reduce expenses however , it could cause increase in tax payment for other services and increase the risk in the transmission of diseases.

Task achievement is good overall with good idea development and logical conclusions.

There is some overgeneralisation in the example about people spending almost all their earnings on transportation. A bit more specificity and focus would be good (Some/many workers in developing countries who commute long distances spend…)

The paragraph about overcrowding could also be a bit more focused (a particular place = packed into confined spaces on buses and trains, thereby increasing…)

It would be nice if the introduction either gave a bit more background on the topic or more fully introduced some of the main arguments.

The writer would benefit from covering another advantage, or directly stating multiple advantages (e.g. There are clear advantages of free public transport: not only do citizens save transport fares, but it can also reduce levels of poverty by giving the poorest families more disposable income).

presents, extends and supports main ideas, but there may be a tendency to overgeneralise and/or supporting ideas may lack focus

The paragraphing is usually good, but there is a very noticeable issue with the paragraph ‘Firstly we will discuss one of the merits which is easy travels’.

This could be added into the introduction (although it isn’t a great purpose statement because it hasn’t really dealt with the overall purpose of the essay, rather it is only introducing the following paragraph). It could also be added to the paragraph about saving money, but it wouldn’t make a very strong topic sentence because it is far too general.

There is good use of cohesive devices, and the structure is neither repetitive nor mechanical.

uses cohesive devices effectively , but cohesion within and/or between sentences may be faulty or mechanical

The use of demerits is very common amongst non-native speakers preparing for their IELTS tests. We don’t know where it has come from, but we don’t like it. In all my years of reading articles across a very wide range of disciplines, I have only seen this word used once or twice to mean disadvantage as opposed to penalty (and it wasn’t by a native speaker). It is hardly ever used by native speakers and it sounds unnatural. Avoid!!!

There is a good range of vocabulary, including some nice collocations. Some good examples of vocabulary here are: living conditions; earnings; tax payment; development; revenue from transportation; significant; revenue generation; sectors; overcrowding; services the risk of spreading communicable disease; coronavirus/tuberculosis/exacerbation of asthma (showing a range of health vocab in a relevant context).

There are some unfortunate word choices and word form errors that prevent this from scoring more highly: unbearable vs unmanageable; pressing issued vs pressing issues; the use of congestion is confusing for a number of reasons: traffic congestion? Nasal congestion? It is likely the writer meant ‘crowded’.

may produce occasional errors in word choice , spelling and/or word formation

There is some great grammar here, but unfortunately there are fairly frequent punctuation errors which lead to quite a high error density, preventing this from receiving a better score.

The writer needs to work on the grammar used around the word ‘thereby’ – it is an excellent cohesive device, and the use is appropriate. The grammar is quite complicated, though:

‘Thereby’ on its own is following by a noun phrase and should not include a verb (thereby giving the low-income workers live a comfortable life; thereby increase the risk of spreading communicable disease)

‘and thereby’ – the rules for and take over: it needs to follow the grammar of the idea being linked by the ‘and’ (‘it will cause a fall in revenue generation and thereby causing an increase in tax on’ should be ‘ it will cause a fall in revenue generation and will thereby cause an increase in tax on’).

That brings an end to this essay rating. If you are preparing for your IELTS test and want to find out a bit more about task 2, check out our post giving five tips to improve your IELTS writing task 2 ! In both essays, the writers would get the same scores in all 4 criteria, but for different reasons. Was there anything here that surprised you? Have your say, and comment in the section below! Click here for the full public IELTS task 2 writing descriptors .

If you need your writing corrected and rated, make sure that you check out our writing corrections and feedback service!

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The Insufficient Public Transportation System in the US Essay

Introduction, the reasons why the u.s. public system is underdeveloped, works cited.

To those who visit the United States for the first time, it may be surprising to discover how an average American is dependent on a personal car in their everyday living. On the other hand, American tourists traveling, for instance, to Europe, China, Russia, or Japan, may find that daily public transportation usage is at least as important as driving a personal automobile. For this reason, a certain percentage of the general U.S. public has been concerned about developing the public transit system in the country for a long time now.

They argue that the increased availability of subway lines and bus routes would help significantly reduce CO2 emissions and benefit those who cannot afford to have a car. Yet, the supporters of the improved public transportation add, at the current moment, it is evident that the overall system is severely underdeveloped and does not satisfy the existing demand.

However, not all people and government officials agree with the latter claim and maintain that the public transit system is sufficiently established to cover the actual need. They emphasize that the reason why public transport is not as popular as in many other developed or developing countries lies in the prevailing preference among Americans toward driving a personal vehicle. In this regard, the current paper seeks to provide arguments in favor of the former position and explain why those who claim that the U.S. public transportation system is sufficiently developed are wrong.

Firstly, there is low access to public transportation around the country. As such, according to the American Society of Civil Engineers, 45% of the citizens do not have access to transit (142). In contrast, in Europe, the average level of difficulty in accessing public transportation equals approximately 20.5%, with the worst country not exceeding 31% (International Association of Public Transport et al. 5). As a result, Bok and Kwon argue that it can be challenging for many U.S. citizens to use public transport without a personal car because it is impossible to reach the closest station on foot (235). Therefore, it is clear that the public transport infrastructure in the U.S. is quite underdeveloped.

Secondly, due to insufficient investments, there is a significant number of vehicles that necessitate an overhaul or a complete change. For instance, Anderson found that in 2013 around 40% of the buses and 25% of the trains were in poor condition. Such a condition of public transport does not only deter people from abandoning the usage of personal automobiles but also is negatively related to public safety (American Society of Civil Engineers 146). Thus, to able to attract more passengers, the policymakers should consider investing more money in purchasing new vehicles and repairing the old ones.

Last but not least, there is a lack of thorough planning, which leads to the inefficient operation of the public transit system. One of the issues that Schmitt mentions is that certain cities in the U.S. have bus stations located too close to each other. In New York, the author continues, the average distance between the stops equals 750 feet. As a result, such inadequate location of the stations greatly increases the time that it takes for passengers to reach the destination.

Still, as was mentioned above, some people state that the public system in the U.S. is sufficiently developed to cover the existing demand. In this regard, Ercan et al. claim that the country’s citizens have a developed habit of driving personal vehicles instead of using public transportation services (1790). Therefore, the majority of Americans would not consider abandoning their cars even if there were more buses and railroads available. However, it is clear that such an argument is wrong as there are many marketing and PR methods that can help to reshape the existing culture. Yet, those efforts would be futile unless the country had a developed public transportation system. Thus, it can be concluded that public transportation in the U.S. is indeed underdeveloped and necessitates further improvements.

American Society of Civil Engineers. 2021 Infrastructure Report Card . ASCE, 2021.

Anderson, Monica. “ Who Relies on Public Transit in the U.S. ” Pew Research Center . 2016. Web.

Bok, Jinjoo, and Youngsang Kwon. “Comparable Measures of Accessibility to Public Transport Using the General Transit Feed Specification.” Sustainability , vol. 8, no. 3, 2016, pp. 224-237.

Ercan, Tolga, et al. “Public Transportation Adoption Requires a Paradigm Shift in Urban Development Structure.” Journal of Cleaner Production , vol. 142, 2017, pp. 1789-1799.

International Association of Public Transport, et al. Urban Mobility Indicators: For Walking and Public Transport , 2019. Web.

Schmitt, Angie. “ America’s Bus Stops Are Too Close Together. ” Streets Blog USA . 2017. Web.

Chicago (A-D)
Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2022, December 1). The Insufficient Public Transportation System in the US. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-insufficient-public-transportation-system-in-the-us/

"The Insufficient Public Transportation System in the US." IvyPanda , 1 Dec. 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/the-insufficient-public-transportation-system-in-the-us/.

IvyPanda . (2022) 'The Insufficient Public Transportation System in the US'. 1 December.

IvyPanda . 2022. "The Insufficient Public Transportation System in the US." December 1, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-insufficient-public-transportation-system-in-the-us/.

1. IvyPanda . "The Insufficient Public Transportation System in the US." December 1, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-insufficient-public-transportation-system-in-the-us/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "The Insufficient Public Transportation System in the US." December 1, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-insufficient-public-transportation-system-in-the-us/.

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Contributors : About the Site

Newgeography.com

Urban Issues
Small Cities
Demographics

Moscow, like other international urban areas , is decentralizing, despite considerable barriers. The expansion will lead to even more decentralization, which is likely to lead to less time "stuck in traffic" and more comfortable lifestyles. Let's hope that Russia's urban development policies, along with its plans to restore population growth, will lead to higher household incomes and much improved economic performance.

Wendell Cox is a Visiting Professor, Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers, Paris and the author of “ War on the Dream: How Anti-Sprawl Policy Threatens the Quality of Life ”

Note 1: The 23 ward (ku) area of Tokyo is the geography of the former city of Tokyo, which was abolished in the 1940s. There is considerable confusion about the geography of Tokyo. For example, the 23 ward area is a part of the prefecture of Tokyo, which is also called the Tokyo Metropolis, which has led some analysts to think of it as the Tokyo metropolitan area (labor market area). In fact, the Tokyo metropolitan area, variously defined, includes, at a minimum the prefectures of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama with some municipalities in Gunma, Ibaraki and Tochigi. The metropolitan area contains nearly three times the population of the "Tokyo Metropolis."

Note 2: The expansion area (556 square miles or 1,440 square kilometers) has a current population of 250,000.

Note 3: Includes all residents in suburban districts with at least part of their population in the urban area.

Note 4: Urban area data not yet available.

Photo: St. Basil's Cathedral (all photos by author)

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Evolving Urban Form: Development Profiles of World Urban Areas
Transportation

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Road in city area.

The roads and ways of the city areas are very clumsy and many accidents are happening due to the short road. But you need to maintain the driving properly otherwise you may face accident. So now the government decided to expand the road which may put the positive effect on automobile sector. I think it is a helpful service for the society people. If you have a BMW car and you have faced any problem then better to repair it at BMW Repair Spring, TX for the best service.

Transit & transportation

Transit and transportation services are quite impressive in most of the urban cities; therefore people were getting better benefits from suitable transportation service. Urban cities like Moscow, Washington, New York and Tokyo; we have found high margin of transportation system that helps to build a better communication network in these cities. I hope through the help of modern transportation system we are able to bring revolutionary change in automobile industries; in this above article we have also found the same concepts to develop transportation system. Mercedes repair in Torrance

Moscow is bursting Noblesse

Moscow is bursting Noblesse at the seams. The core city covers more than 420 square miles (1,090 kilometers), and has a population of approximately 11.5 million people. With 27,300 residents per square mile (10,500 per square kilometer), Moscow is one percent more dense than the bleach anime watch city of New York, though Moscow covers 30 percent more land. The 23 ward area of Tokyo (see Note) is at least a third more dense, though Moscow's land area is at least half again as large as Tokyo. All three core areas rely

Belgravia Villas is a new

Belgravia Villas is a new and upcoming cluster housing located in the Ang Mo Kio area, nested right in the Ang Mo Kio landed area. It is within a short drive to Little India, Orchard and city area. With expected completion in mid 2016, it comprises of 118 units in total with 100 units of terrace and 18 units of Semi-D. belgravia villas

Russians seeing the light while Western elites are bickering?

What an extremely interesting analysis - well done, Wendell.

It is also extremely interesting that the Russian leadership is reasonably pragmatic about urban form, in contrast to the "planners" of the post-rational West.

An acquaintance recently sent me an article from "The New Yorker", re Moscow's traffic problems.

The article "abstract" is HERE (but access to the full article requires subscription)

http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/08/02/100802fa_fact_gessen

One classic quote worth taking from it, is: "People will endure all manner of humiliation to keep driving".

I do find it odd that the "New Yorker" article author says nothing at all about the rail transit system Moscow had, on which everyone was obliged to travel, under Communism. It can't surely have vaporised into thin air?

Moscow is a classic illustration of just how outmoded rails are, and how important "automobility" is, when the auto supplants rails so rapidly than even when everybody did travel on rails up to a certain date, and the road network dates to that era, when nobody was allowed to own a car; an article written just 2 decades later does not even mention the rail transit system, other than to criticise the mayor for "failing to invest in a transit system".......!!!!!!!!

This is also a give-away of "The New Yorker's" inability to shake off the modern PC ideology on rails vs cars.

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Essay on the Benefits of Public Transportation
Advances in technology can also help enhance the public transportation system. For example, there is the possibility of attaching GPS devices to buses, trains, and metro stations to allow people to find their way without much effort. In summary, public transportation is a vital part of the 21st century and has many clear benefits.
Essay on Public Transportation
500 Words Essay on Public Transportation Introduction. Public transportation is a critical aspect of a city's infrastructure, playing a pivotal role in reducing traffic congestion, promoting sustainable urban development, and enhancing the quality of life for residents. Through its capability to transport large numbers of people efficiently ...
Public Transport
9 essay samples found. Public transport systems are vital for the connectivity and mobility of urban populations. Essays could discuss the benefits and challenges of public transport, compare transport systems around the world, or delve into the impact of public transport on economic and social structures.
Essay on Public Transport
Long Essay on Public Transport. From the olden days, transport was the necessity for human beings to travel from one place to another. Man has greatly evolved from simply walking followed by using animals as mode of transportation to the moment when vehicles were created. ... Public transportation stops at a fixed destination so the passenger ...
Essays on Public Transport
The choice of public transportation as an essay topic is an important and relevant subject for discussion. Public transportation plays a crucial role in the daily lives of millions of people around the world, and it is a topic that can be explored from a variety of angles. Whether one is interested in the environmental impact of public ...
Public Transportation Essays (Examples)
The impact of local government funding cuts on essential services such as education, healthcare, and public safety. 8. The implementation and enforcement of local zoning and.... Read More. View our collection of public transportation essays. Find inspiration for topics, titles, outlines, & craft impactful public transportation papers.
Public Transportation vs. Private Transportation, Essay Example
An example of a city in which many individuals choose to partake in both public transportation and private transportations is New York City. Since this area has five boroughs, it covers a large surface area, which required different commuters to choose the type of transportation that will best suit their needs.
151 Transportation Essay Topics & Writing Tips
Transportation Essay Topics: Top 10. Public transport in rural areas. Road transport's economy. The future of public transport. How to start a car. Gender inequality in driving. Family cars: pros and cons. American vs. British driving. Peculiarities of building bridges.
The benefits of public transport
New traffic always emerges to take the place of any free road space. New research tells a very different story — that public transport is among the most direct ways to reduce congestion, if done ...
Essays on Transportation
When choosing a transportation essay topic, it is important to consider the specific focus of your essay and the relevance of the topic to your academic or research interests. ... Tokyo is known for its excellent public transportation. It consists of an enormous and compact network of train, subway and bus lines. It has the largest urban rail ...
Public Transportation Essay for School and College Students
The public transportation includes various modes of transport like bus, train, light rail, tram, and metro systems. Due to the significance of this issue, writing a public transportation essay has been becoming a regular feature in many academic institutes.
Public Transportation
One of the benefits of adding a mass transit system within the city of Philadelphia was the lower cost of transportation for the public and the ease of which to access the system. The subway entrance photographed in 1936 is located at the corner of West Olney Avenue and North Broad Street, over six miles away from Philadelphia's City Hall.
IELTS Writing task 2 band 6.5
Today, we will be looking at two writing task 2 essays about public transport. They would both score 6.5 in the test for different reasons. Read on to find out more about why these essay would score 6.5, and what would make them better! Many people believe that free public transportation should be available in most major cities.
PDF THREE ESSAYS ON URBAN PUBLIC TRANSIT SYSTEMS IN THE U.S. A Dissertation
U.S. The impact of Uber on urban public transit needs to be carefully evaluated in light of the potential implications of any future policy changes in transit funding and planning. Using top 50 U.S. agency-level data from 2007 through 2017, this study examines the effect of Uber and transit effectiveness on public transit ridership in the U.S.
Public transportation Free Essay Example
Essay, Pages 2 (326 words) Views. 10770. This essay will focus on some of the advantages and disadvantages of public transportation. First of all, I'd like to talk about the advantages of public transportation. Using public transportation can reduce the number of people who drive their own car. It can ease traffic jams and improve road ...
Essay On Public Transportation
Essay On Public Transportation. 1557 Words7 Pages. According to Oxford 8th edition dictionary, public transportation means the system of buses, trains and etc. provided by the government or by companies, which people use to travel and ease them to go from one place to another. With that, people have a lot of choices as their transportation in ...
The Insufficient Public Transportation System in the US Essay
For this reason, a certain percentage of the general U.S. public has been concerned about developing the public transit system in the country for a long time now. We will write a custom essay on your topic a custom Essay on The Insufficient Public Transportation System in the US
Full article: Urban design in underground public spaces: lessons from
2.1. Moscow subway debates. The Moscow subway debate from 1928 to 1931 was not only a political power struggle between left and right but also an urban planning controversy for the future vision of Moscow (Wolf Citation 1994, 23).The debate related to the subway included urban growth, public transit, and quality of life, which are relevant to contemporary urban planning issues.
Using the public transport Free Essay Example
Download. Essay, Pages 5 (1145 words) Views. 46535. Travelling by public transport is now very helpful and interesting. It is not only for the benefits of individuals but also for the benefits of the whole society. Travelling by public transport are very useful in saving money. You do not need to spend much money on purchasing your cars while ...
The Evolving Urban Form: Moscow's Auto-Oriented Expansion
Transit and transportation services are quite impressive in most of the urban cities; therefore people were getting better benefits from suitable transportation service. ... Meditations on the City is the first Urbanophile e-book, featuring provocative essays on the key issues facing our cities, including innovation, talent attraction and brain ...
PDF A Case Study from Russian Federation Promotion of the Public ...
transportation volume. Surface public transport's share is over 43% (Figure 1). As a result a reliable public transport system is an important factor of social stability. • Well-developed metro network. Metro network today forms a ase of Moscow's b public transport system, providing more than 33% of the city's passenger transportation ...
21 Things to Know Before You Go to Moscow
1: Off-kilter genius at Delicatessen: Brain pâté with kefir butter and young radishes served mezze-style, and the caviar and tartare pizza. Head for Food City. You might think that calling Food City (Фуд Сити), an agriculture depot on the outskirts of Moscow, a "city" would be some kind of hyperbole. It is not.
The Scope of Autonomous Vehicle Mobility with an Indian Context
The paper also highlights ongoing initiatives and pilot projects in India, showcasing the progress made in integrating autonomous vehicles into the transportation ecosystem. It discusses the potential impact on various sectors, including ride-hailing services, public transportation, logistics, and delivery services.
A rapid in-situ hardness detection method for steel rails based on LIBS
The railway, as a public transportation system, has played a significant role in global economic development. However, the pursuit of high speed and heavy load in trains has brought significant bending and shear stresses on the rails, making the performance of steel rails a notable focal point. The properties of steel rails are crucial factors determining the operational safety of high-speed ...