apa citation of websites

Webpage on a Website References

This page contains reference examples for webpages, including the following:

• Webpage on a news website
• Comment on a webpage on a news website
• Webpage on a website with a government agency group author
• Webpage on a website with an organizational group author
• Webpage on a website with an individual author
• Webpage on a website with a retrieval date

1. Webpage on a news website

Bologna, C. (2019, October 31). Why some people with anxiety love watching horror movies . HuffPost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/anxiety-love-watching-horror-movies_l_5d277587e4b02a5a5d57b59e

Roberts, N. (2020, June 10). Trayvon Martin’s mother, Sybrina Fulton, qualifies to run for elected office . BET News. https://www.bet.com/news/national/2020/06/10/trayvon-martin-mother-sybrina-fulton-qualifies-for-office-florid.html

Toner, K. (2020, September 24). When Covid-19 hit, he turned his newspaper route into a lifeline for senior citizens . CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/04/us/coronavirus-newspaper-deliveryman-groceries-senior-citizens-cnnheroes-trnd/index.html

• Parenthetical citations : (Bologna, 2019; Roberts, 2020; Toner, 2020)
• Narrative citations : Bologna (2019), Roberts (2020), and Toner (2020)
• Use this format for articles from news websites. Common examples are BBC News, BET News, Bloomberg, CNN, HuffPost, MSNBC, Reuters, Salon, and Vox. These sites do not have associated daily or weekly newspapers.
• Use the newspaper article category for articles from newspaper websites such as The New York Times or The Washington Post .
• Provide the writer as the author.
• Provide the specific date the story was published.
• Provide the title of the news story in italic sentence case.
• List the name of the news website in the source element of the reference.
• End the reference with the URL.

2. Comment on a webpage on a news website

Owens, L. (2020, October 7). I propose a bicycle race between Biden and Trump [Comment on the webpage Here’s what voters make of President Trump’s COVID-19 diagnosis ]. HuffPost. https://www.spot.im/s/00QeiyApEIFa

• Parenthetical citation : (Owens, 2020)
• Narrative citation : Owens (2020)
• Credit the person who left the comment as the author using the format that appears with the comment (i.e., a real name and/or a username). The example shows a real name.
• Provide the specific date the comment was published.
• Provide the comment title or up to the first 20 words of the comment in standard font. Then in square brackets write “Comment on the webpage” and the title of the webpage on which the comment appeared in sentence case and italics.
• Provide the name of the news website in the source element of the reference.
• Link to the comment itself if possible. Otherwise, link to the webpage on which the comment appears. Either a full URL or a short URL is acceptable.

3. Webpage on a website with a government agency group author

National Institute of Mental Health. (2018, July). Anxiety disorders . U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml

• Parenthetical citation : (National Institute of Mental Health, 2018)
• Narrative citation : National Institute of Mental Health (2018)
• For a page on a government website without individual authors, use the specific agency responsible for the webpage as the author.
• The names of parent agencies not present in the author element appear in the source element (in the example, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health). This creates concise in-text citations and complete reference list entries.
• Provide as specific a date as possible for the webpage.
• Some online works note when the work was last updated. If this date is clearly attributable to the specific content you are citing rather than the overall website, use the updated date in the reference.
• Do not include a date of last review in a reference because content that has been reviewed has not necessarily been changed. If a date of last review is noted on a work, ignore it for the purposes of the reference.
• Italicize the title of the webpage.

4. Webpage on a website with an organizational group author

World Health Organization. (2018, May 24) . The top 10 causes of death . https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death

• Parenthetical citation : (World Health Organization, 2018)
• Narrative citation : World Health Organization (2018)
• For a page from an organization’s website without individual authors, use the name of the organization as the author.
• Because the author of the webpage and the site name are the same, omit the site name from the source element to avoid repetition.

5. Webpage on a website with an individual author

Horovitz, B. (2021, October 19). Are you ready to move your aging parent into your home? AARP. https://www.aarp.org/caregiving/home-care/info-2021/caregiving-questions.html

Schaeffer, K. (2021, October 1). What we know about online learning and the homework gap amid the pandemic. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/10/01/what-we-know-about-online-learning-and-the-homework-gap-amid-the-pandemic/

• Parenthetical citations : (Horovitz, 2021; Schaeffer, 2021)
• Narrative citations : Horovitz (2021) and Schaeffer (2021)
• When individual author(s) are credited on the webpage, list them as the author in the reference.
• Provide the site name in the source element of the reference.

6. Webpage on a website with a retrieval date

U.S. Census Bureau. (n.d.). U.S. and world population clock . U.S. Department of Commerce. Retrieved January 9, 2020, from https://www.census.gov/popclock/

• Parenthetical citation : (U.S. Census Bureau, n.d.)
• Narrative citation : U.S. Census Bureau (n.d.)
• When contents of a page are designed to change over time but are not archived, include a retrieval date in the reference.

Webpage references are covered in the seventh edition APA Style manuals in the Publication Manual Section 10.16 and the Concise Guide Section 10.14

Home / Guides / Citation Guides / APA Format / APA Website Citation

How to Cite a Website in APA

This guide explains all of the important steps to referencing a website/web page in your APA research papers. The guidance below follows APA style, 7th edition.

APA format is much different than MLA format and other styles. If you need to cite websites in MLA , or you’re looking for more styles , check out the other resources on EasyBib.com!

Guide Overview

Here’s a run-through of everything this page includes:

What is a website? Am I citing a website or a web page?

Citing a website in the text (in-text citation), citing a website on the reference page, citing a general web article without an author, titles of pages on the web, extra information, publisher information, web addresses and dois, apa format for online news articles, additional website citation examples, troubleshooting.

A website is a place on the Internet that holds a group of individual pages (called web pages).

Think of a website like a tree. A website is the tree, and the individual web pages are the branches. Use YouTube as an example. YouTube is the site, and the individual channel pages and video pages are the branches. Wikipedia is a site, and each article has its own individual web page on that site.

Most of the time, you aren’t trying to cite a whole, entire site, but actually an individual web page. If you used a YouTube video to help you with your research project, you wouldn’t cite the entire YouTube site, you would cite the specific YouTube page the video was found on.

Here’s a similar question we’re often asked when it comes to the APA citation of a web page:

Q: This page describes citing specific pages and articles. Can I cite an entire site?

A: According to the APA manual (7th edition), it is not necessary to cite a site in its entirety in a reference list. Instead, include a reference to the website in the body of your paper and cite any web page individually.

The Department of Justice has just released a new site called ReportCrime.gov at https://www.reportcrime.gov/ to help people identify and report crimes in their area.

In the above passage, the website is stated in the text rather than cited. This guide focuses on how to cite individual pages found on the web (web pages). If you used an entire website, it’s perfectly acceptable to cite the whole site in the text of your paper, as shown above, but for the most part, you want to cite the page where the information was found.

If you’re seeking out an APA citation website to take the stress away from proper referencing, try out EasyBib.com! Stop typing into the search bar, “how to cite a website APA” or “APA in-text citation website.” EasyBib.com is the answer to your referencing questions and needs!

When you include a piece of information from a site in your project, you must include two citations: a brief citation in the text and also a full citation on the reference page.

When it comes to mentions in the text, students are sometimes tempted to put the web address in the body of a project. However, URLs can be long, clunky, and distracting. They should never be written in the body of a project.

Instead of writing the full address in the text, use the last name of the author and the date the source was published. If no author is shown, write the title of the individual page and the date.

For direct quotations, you may use paragraphs to indicate the quotation’s location in the work. Count the paragraphs manually if needed and use the abbreviation “para.” for paragraph.

Check out this in-text citation APA website example:

                 Cite your source

The above APA website in-text citation (the author’s last name and the date the information was published) corresponds to the information on the final page of the project, the reference page.

Here’s how the full APA citation for a web page looks on the final page of the project:

Need more in-text citation APA website info? Here’s more on how to build an APA parenthetical citation . You may also like our full-length guide on how to create an APA in-text citation .

If you’re looking for information on structuring other styles in the text of your paper, check out our page on MLA in-text and parenthetical citations .

In the next section of this APA citation website guide, we’re going to focus on how to format an APA website citation. If you’re wondering how to create an APA citation of a web page, the majority of web references use the structure shown below.

General structure for how to cite a website in APA

Note: A retrieval date is no longer required for online sources. It’s only needed if the content is likely to change over time (such as wikis and social media). The article or page title should be italicized. The URL is at the end and does not have a period after it.

Full reference example:

View Screenshot | Cite your source

Example of an in-text citation for a website in APA:

If you’re looking for an APA format website to do the work for you, try out EasyBib.com’s citation generator. Our APA citation website makes referencing a breeze!

APA citation for website structure:

Do you need to cite a source with no author in APA ? No problem. Wikipedia pages, online dictionary sites, and online encyclopedia sites are just a few examples of sites without an author. When there is no clear individual author, use the website organization (group author) as the author.

Group authors

There are plenty of times when an individual’s name isn’t listed as the author, but the information on the site is written by a group, organization, or company.

In an APA website citation, it is completely acceptable to use the group’s name in the author position. Type it out in its entirety and add a period at the end. Check out the various APA citation of web page examples at the bottom of the page to see group authors in action!

Note: If the author name and website name is the same, just list it once in as the author; leave out the website name section in the APA citation. 

APA citation for website example:

If you’re wondering whether to include the full date in your APA citation for web pages (month, day, and year) or just the year, we have the answer for you here.

An APA citation of web page reference includes the month, day, and year if it’s a site that is updated with new information frequently. Blog posts, newspaper articles, posts from social media profiles, and YouTube videos are just a few of the sources that would display the full date. In an APA citation for web pages, it’s written in this order in parentheses: (Year, Month Day).

If there is any information missing, simply include what is available. Also, if there is no date , indicate this by using (n.d.).

No date APA website example:

If you’re using the EasyBib citation generator to create an APA citation for a web page, our technology structures dates for you in their proper order. It’s the APA format website (and also the APA in-text citation website) you’ve been waiting for. Give it a whirl!

Here’s the advice we provide on many of our guides:

• If the source you are citing is a standalone source, meaning an entire book, television series, or film, the title of such sources should be in italics.
• If, however, you are citing a piece of a larger source, i.e., a journal article, a page on a site, or an episode of a show, the title should be in sentence case and not in italics.

Long story short, do not italicize an APA citation for web pages’ title in the text and on the final page of references.

For full references on the final page of the project, only include capital letters at the beginning of the title, at the beginning of each proper noun, and at the beginning of the first word in the subtitle.

The title is written in the text only when there isn’t an author listed. So, instead of showing the reference as (Author, Date), use (“Title of Page,” Date) in any APA citation for web pages. Notice the switch from sentence case to title case in the text reference.

A little extra information goes a long way when it comes to site citations. If you’re including a unique source type, include information about the medium directly after the title. This information is placed in brackets. Only the first letter is capitalized.

Here are a few examples you might see in an APA citation for a web page:

[Image attached]

[Infographic]

[Status update]

To see some of the extra information in action, scroll down to the examples towards the bottom of this page.

Speaking of extra information, it may not hurt to get some extra details on grammar topics in that brain of yours. Brush up on your adjective , pronoun , and interjection knowledge with our comprehensive guides!

Any information related to the publisher is not invited to the web citation party. In an APA citation of a web page, you do not need to include information about the company that made the site, where its offices are located, or any other similar information about the company in any web references. One thing less to worry about in your APA citation for web pages!

Other source types are much different, so before you exclude publisher information from all of your references, make sure you check out our APA citation page. While you’re at it, check out our other helpful resources, such as APA reference page  and MLA works cited .

We also need a web address and DOI number in an APA citation for a web page. Including site addresses and DOIs are an absolute necessity. Addresses and DOIs (which stand for direct object identifiers) are usually the last item in an APA website citation.

For sites, after adding the full URL to the APA citation for a web page, do not end it with a period. If the address is very long, it is acceptable to roll it onto the next line, but break it up so that a type of punctuation mark or symbol is the first item closest to the left margin. Check out the APA citation of a webpage URL below.

APA citation of a webpage example of a properly structured URL:

DOI numbers are assigned by publishers to electronic sources such as journal articles, e-books, datasets, and more. They’re a string of numbers and sometimes other characters. If the source you’re using has a DOI number assigned to it, place it at the end of the APA website citation, instead of the URL, in this format: https://doi.org/10.XXXXXXXXX. Place the DOI string in place of the X’s shown above.

DOIs were created to combat the problem of broken links and 404 errors (pages taken down). Think about it: if a webpage is taken off of the Internet, it can be pretty difficult to find a copy of it. If you’re lucky, an archive site may have a copy stored somewhere, but for the most part, when sites are gone, they’re gone. DOIs are permanent, making them the ideal choice to include in any APA citation for webpages.

APA properly structured DOI:

APA differentiates between traditional newspapers that are online versus news websites with no daily/weekly/monthly newspaper or magazine edition. Unsure what you’re citing? Follow this decision tree:

• YES –> Cite it as a newspaper article.
• NO –> Cite it as a web page or a news site article.
• NO –> Cite it as a web page or news site article.

Online news article APA example:

News sites with no associated daily/weekly/monthly publication should be cited like a web page. That means the article title is italicized and the publisher/site name is in plan font. This format applies to articles from these sites:

• MSNBC Fox News

Newspaper article online APA example:

Sites associated with a daily/weekly/monthly publication should be cited as a newspaper article. That means the article title is in plain font and the publisher/site name is italicized. This format applies to articles from these sites:

• The New York Times
• The Guardian
• The Times of India
• The Wall Street Journal
• The Washington Post
• Yomiuri Shimbun

Below are various web reference examples to give you a quick visual of how pages are structured and organized. Quick reminder that if you’re trying to create a reference for an e-book found on the web, use the APA book citation page. In addition, if it’s an online article from journal, use our APA journal page.

If you’re looking for a quick and easy way to build your references, EasyBib.com is an APA citation website that does the work for you. Try it out and say hello to stress-free referencing and goodbye to constantly searching for “how to cite a website APA” or “how to cite APA” on search engines. The APA offers more information here .

How to cite a group/organization/company:

How to Cite a Blog Post in APA:

The structure is the same, but the format is slightly different: The blog article title is in plain text, and the name of the blog is italicized.

APA citation of a web page example for Facebook:

The text of the post is italicized, while the site name (Facebook) is in plain text.

APA citation of a web page example for Twitter:

Cite your source

If the name of the author is unknown, start the APA citation of a web page for Twitter with the username.

Need another set of eyes to check your paper for grammar and spelling edits? Not quite sure if every determiner , preposition , or conjunction is where it belongs? Check out our grammar and plagiarism checker . It’s the answer to all of your grammar questions!

If you’re still confused and typing into the search bar, “how to cite APA” or “how to cite a website APA,” try out EasyBib.com’s reference generator. It’s fast, easy, and allows you to focus on your writing and research, and less on your references. The best part? It creates both types of references. It has an in-text citation website APA generator and also a full reference generator! What are you waiting for? Go see the magic happen!

Here’s a quick video overview of how to cite a website in APA:

Solution #1: Determining the website company, the author, the publisher, or both (APA)

A website citation included in an APA-format bibliography doesn’t need a publisher, so you do not need to worry whether the website company is the publisher of a page you want to cite!

If an author isn’t credited on a given webpage, the website company should be listed as the author. This also goes for online encyclopedias, dictionaries, etc.

Here’s an example for a full bibliography:

Roman empire. (2022, February 6). In Wikipedia . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire

Here is an example for an in-text citation:

(“Roman Empire,” 2022)

Solution #2: How to cite images and videos from social media in APA format

Making a bibliographic citation for a photo or video from social media is similar to making a citation for any website. Examples that fall into this category include photos, videos, or social media-specific mediums like highlights, reels, moments, or lives.

For your full citation in your bibliography, use the caption of the photo or video, up to 20 words, as the title. Denote the style of media in brackets, following the title.

For sources like Instagram Reels, Highlights, and other media whose exact date of posting is hard to discern, include the date you found and cited the photo or video rather than the original date the media was shared.

Here are examples of bibliographic citations:

World Wildlife Foundation [wwf]. (2021, October 20). This year marks our 60 years of action for people and nature. Together, we’ve done so much… [Photo]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CVQQbF_KmA6/

New York Times [nytimes]. (n.d.) NYC Marathon 2021 [Highlight]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/stories/highlights/17928514339867051/

Here are the corresponding in-text citations:

(World Wildlife Foundation, 2021)

(New York Times, 2021)

Solution #3: How emojis are cited in APA format

If the website or social media post you are citing contains an emoji, keep the emoji in your full bibliographic citation without altering it.

Reference list example:

Grande, A [arianagrande]. (2021, October 18) the final #voicebattles begin tonight @nbcthevoice.🧚🏼‍♂️ thank you @kchenoweth, i love you. [Photo]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CVLfY_vv_3c/

In-text citation example:

(Grande, 2021)

If you have trouble pasting the emoji into your full citation, put the emoji’s name followed by the word “emoji” all in brackets within your citation instead. Use Unicode’s Emoji Charts to look up the widely accepted, technical name of the emoji you want to cite.

Grande, A [arianagrande]. the final the final #voicebattles  begin tonight  @nbcthevoice . [woman fairy emoji] thank you  @kchenoweth , i love you. [Photo]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CVLfY_vv_3c/

This guide is not officially associated with the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, but it does provide information in line with the manual. 

APA Formatting Guide

APA Formatting

• Annotated Bibliography
• Block Quotes
• et al Usage
• In-text Citations
• Multiple Authors
• Paraphrasing
• Page Numbers
• Parenthetical Citations
• Reference Page
• Sample Paper
• APA 7 Updates
• View APA Guide

Citation Examples

• Book Chapter
• Journal Article
• Magazine Article
• Newspaper Article
• Website (no author)
• View all APA Examples

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You will need the webpage’s author’s name, publication date, title of the page, website name, and the URL.

Here is an example with an author:

Geggel, L. (2021, July 6). A brief history of dinosaurs . LiveScience. https://www.livescience.com/3945-history-dinosaurs.html

Usually, if no author is shown the website is assumed to be the author. In these cases, the website name replaces the author name in the beginning of the reference.

For example:

National Park Service. (2018, July 23). Night skies as a cultural-historical resource . https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nightskies/cultural.htm

The URL of a website is mandatory if you cite a website or a webpage. Where you include the URL depends on the type of citation. To cite a website as a general reference without any reference to a specific page or particular details, simply add the name of the website in the text and include the URL in parentheses. There is no need to add a reference list entry. However, to cite a webpage on a website, you need to provide both an in-text citation and a reference list entry. Do not add the URL in the in-text citation. Just add the author’s name and year. The URL is given only in the reference list entry. Templates for in-text citations and reference list entries of a website or webpage along with examples are given below.

Website as a general reference

In-text style:

We took the data from the Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India (https://censusindia.gov.in/).

Webpage of a website

In-text citation templates and examples:

Author Surname (publication year)

Skelton (2017)

Parenthetical:

(Author Surname, publication year)

(Skelton, 2017)

Note that month and day are not mentioned in in-text citations.

Reference list entry template and example:

Author Surname, F. M. (Year, Month Day). Title of the webpage. Name of the Site. URL

Skelton, R. (2017, February 16). Fact check’s return perfect timing in ‘post truth’ age. ABC Opinion. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-16/fact-check-return-perfect-timing-in-post-truth-age/8277268

APA Citation Examples

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Free APA Citation Generator

Generate citations in APA format quickly and automatically, with MyBib!

🤔 What is an APA Citation Generator?

An APA citation generator is a software tool that will automatically format academic citations in the American Psychological Association (APA) style.

It will usually request vital details about a source -- like the authors, title, and publish date -- and will output these details with the correct punctuation and layout required by the official APA style guide.

Formatted citations created by a generator can be copied into the bibliography of an academic paper as a way to give credit to the sources referenced in the main body of the paper.

👩‍🎓 Who uses an APA Citation Generator?

College-level and post-graduate students are most likely to use an APA citation generator, because APA style is the most favored style at these learning levels. Before college, in middle and high school, MLA style is more likely to be used. In other parts of the world styles such as Harvard (UK and Australia) and DIN 1505 (Europe) are used more often.

🙌 Why should I use a Citation Generator?

Like almost every other citation style, APA style can be cryptic and hard to understand when formatting citations. Citations can take an unreasonable amount of time to format manually, and it is easy to accidentally include errors. By using a citation generator to do this work you will:

• Save a considerable amount of time
• Ensure that your citations are consistent and formatted correctly
• Be rewarded with a higher grade

In academia, bibliographies are graded on their accuracy against the official APA rulebook, so it is important for students to ensure their citations are formatted correctly. Special attention should also be given to ensure the entire document (including main body) is structured according to the APA guidelines. Our complete APA format guide has everything you need know to make sure you get it right (including examples and diagrams).

⚙️ How do I use MyBib's APA Citation Generator?

Our APA generator was built with a focus on simplicity and speed. To generate a formatted reference list or bibliography just follow these steps:

• Start by searching for the source you want to cite in the search box at the top of the page.
• MyBib will automatically locate all the required information. If any is missing you can add it yourself.
• Your citation will be generated correctly with the information provided and added to your bibliography.
• Repeat for each citation, then download the formatted list and append it to the end of your paper.

MyBib supports the following for APA style:

Daniel is a qualified librarian, former teacher, and citation expert. He has been contributing to MyBib since 2018.

Thursday, February 23: The Clark Library is closed today.

APA Style (7th Edition) Citation Guide: Websites

• Introduction
• Journal Articles
• Magazine/Newspaper Articles
• Books & Ebooks
• Government & Legal Documents
• Biblical Sources
• Secondary Sources
• Films/Videos/TV Shows
• How to Cite: Other
• Additional Help

Table of Contents

Entire Website - No Separate Pages or Sections

Page or Section from a Website

Note: All citations should be double spaced and have a hanging indent in a Reference List.

A "hanging indent" means that each subsequent line after the first line of your citation should be indented by 0.5 inches.

This Microsoft support page contains instructions about how to format a hanging indent in a paper.

It can sometimes be difficult to find out who the author of a website is. Remember that an author can be a corporation or group, not only a specific person. Author information can sometimes be found under an "About" section on a website.

If there is no known author, start the citation with the title of the website instead.

The best date to use for a website is the date that the content was last updated. Otherwise look for a copyright or original publication date. Unfortunately this information may not be provided or may be hard to find. Often date information is put on the bottom of the pages of a website.

If you do not know the complete date, put as much information as you can find. For example you may have a year but no month or day.

If an original publication date and a last updated date are provided, use the last updated date. If the more current date is "last reviewed" instead of "last updated," use the original publication date (since the review may not have changed the content).

If there is no date provided, put the letters (n.d.) in round brackets where you'd normally put the date.

Titles should be italicized when the document stands alone (e.g. books, reports, websites, etc.), but not when it is part of a greater whole (e.g. chapters, articles, webpages, etc.).

Website Name

Provide website names in title case without italics after titles of work. Include a period after the website name, followed by the URL. When the author of the work is the same as the website name, omit the site name from the reference.

Retrieval Date

If the content of a website is likely to change over time (e.g. Wikis), you must provide the date you last visited the website.

If a URL is too long to fit onto one line, try to break it at a slash (/).

Entire Website

Note: If you are quoting or paraphrasing part of a website, you should create a reference for a Page or Section. If you mention a website in general, do not create a reference list entry or an in-text citation. Instead, include the name of the website in the text and provide the URL in parentheses.

The Department of Justice has a site called ReportCrime.gov (https://www.reportcrime.gov/) to help people identify and report crimes in their area.

Note : If you cite multiple webpages from a website, create a reference for each. Include the date you retrieved the information if the content is likely to change over time.

Created by a Corporate or Group Author

Corporation/Group/Organization's Name. (Year website was last updated/published, Month Day if given). Title of page: Subtitle (if any). Website Name. URL

Example in which the content is unlikely to change over time:

American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. (2019, November 21). Justice served: Case closed for over 40 dogfighting victims . https://www.aspca.org/news/justice-served-case-closed-over-40-dogfighting-victims

Example in which the content is likely to change over time:

Adidas. (2020). Sustainability . Retrieved January 23, 2020, from https://www.adidas.com/us/sustainability

Note: When the author and site name are the same, omit the site name in the reference.

In-Text Paraphrase:

(Corporation/Group's Name, Year)

Example: (Adidas, 2020)

In-Text Quote:

(Corporation/Group's Name, year, Section Name section, para. Paragraph Number if more than one paragraph in section)

Example: (Adidas, 2020, Sustainability section, para. 1)

Note: When there are no visible page numbers or paragraph numbers, you may cite the section heading and the number of the paragraph in that section to identify where your quote came from.

Abbreviating Corporation/Group Author Name in In-Text citations:

Author names for corporations/groups can often be abbreviated. The first time you refer to the author, provide the full name, along with the abbreviation.

If the group name appears in the text of your paper, include the abbreviation in the in-text parenthetical citation:

Example: The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA, 2019) assisted in the rescue of 40 dogs.

If the group name first appears within a parenthetical citation, include the full group name as well as the abbreviation in square brackets:

Example: Forty dogs were rescued in Bendena, Kansas (American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals [ASPCA], 2019).

Provide the full group name (without an abbreviation) in the reference list entry: 

Created by an Individual Author 

Author's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Year website was last updated/published, Month Day if given). Title of page: Subtitle (if any). Website Name. URL

Price, D. (2018, March 23). Laziness does not exist . Medium. https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-does-not-exist-3af27e312d01

Shillam, S. (2018). Message from the Dean . University of Portland. Retrieved October 1, 2018, from https://nursing.up.edu/about/index.html

(Author Last Name, Year)

Example: (Shillam, 2018)

(Author Last Name, Year, Section Name section, para. Paragraph Number if more than one paragraph in section)

Example: (Shillam, 2018, Message from the dean section, para. 2)

Created by an Unknown Author 

Title of page: Subtitle (if any). (Year website was last updated/published, Month Day if given). Website Name. URL

Example in which the content is unlikely to change over time (because the restaurant has closed) :

Jarra's Ethiopian Restaurant [Reviews]. (2012, November 9). Yelp. https://www.yelp.com/biz/jarras-ethiopian-restaurant-portland

Powell's City of Books [Reviews]. (2020, February 25). Yelp. Retrieved February 28, 2020, from https://www.yelp.com/biz/powells-city-of-books-portland-4

("Title," Year)

Example: ("Powell's City of Books," 2020)

("Title," Year, Section Name section, para. Paragraph Number if more than one paragraph in section)

Example: ("Powell's City of Books," 2020, Review Highlights)

Note: When there are no visible page numbers or paragraph numbers, you may cite the section heading and the number of the paragraph in that section to identify where your quote came from. In this example, there is only one paragraph under the specific heading, so no paragraph number is needed.

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Website or Webpage?

A website is a collection of webpages that are under one domain. One website will have several webpages like Home, About Us, Contact Us, Services, Products, etc. All of these pages together make up a website. In other words, a webpage is an independent page of a website. 

If you simply mention a whole website it is not necessary to create a reference list entry. Name the website in the text of your paper and provide the URL in parentheses.

• Use the webpage and website category for your source  only if there is no better category for it . Do not use it if a source is simply available online, e.g., if a journal article is available from an online database, use a journal article format for your reference.
• Some information, (e.g., author, date), might not always be obvious on websites or webpages. Sometimes it may be necessary to check places such as the "About Us", the "Copyright" or the "Acknowledgements" page(s).
• Do not use any punctuation at the end of URLs as punctuation could interfere with the link.
• If the author of the website is the same as the name of the website, omit the website name.
• Retrieval date is normally not necessary unless the content is likely to change and the page is not archived, e.g., a Wikipedia entry. The format is: Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://xxxxxxx

Webpage on a Website with an Individual Author

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date). Title of work . Site Name. URL

Picheta, R. (2020, July 1). This new high-tech glove translates sign language into speech in real time . CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/30/health/sign-langage-glove-ucla-scn-scli-intl/index.html

Webpage on a Website with a Group Author

Name of Corporation/Group/Organization. (Date).  Title of work . Site Name. URL

World Health Organization. (2020, June 29). Timeline of WHO's response to COVID-19 . https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/29-06-2020-covidtimeline 

Note : When the author and site name are the same, omit the site name from the source element.

Webpage on a Website with No Date

Author or Group Name. (n.d.). Title of page . Site name. URL

National Alliance on Mental Illness. (n.d.). Mental health conditions . https://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-Conditions

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Reference List: Electronic Sources

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Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

Note:  This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style  can be found here .

Important Note: Some electronic citations necessitate the use of brackets. APA style dictates that brackets should directly surround their content without spaces (e.g., [bracketed content] should look like this). When possible, include the year, month, and date in references. If the month and date are not available, use the year of publication. Additionally, APA 7 th  edition no longer requires the use of “Retrieved from” before URLs or DOIs; special exceptions, however, are made for resources that are unarchived. Including the retrieval date for these sources indicates to readers that the version of the work they retrieve may be different than what was originally used. 

Please note: the following contains a list of the most commonly cited electronic sources. For a complete list of how to cite electronic sources, please refer to the 7 th edition of the APA Publication Manual.

Webpage or Piece of Online Content

If the page names an individual author, cite their name first:

Lastname, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of page . Site name. URL

Price, D. (2018, March 23). Laziness does not exist . Medium. https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-does-not-exist-3af27e312d01

If the resource was written by a group or organization, use the name of the group/organization as the author. Additionally, if the author and site name are the same, omit the site name from the citation.

Group name. (Year, Month Date). Title of page . Site name. URL

American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. (2019, November 21). Justice served: Case closed for over 40 dogfighting victims . https://www.aspca.org/news/justice-served-case-closed-over-40-dogfighting-victims

If the page's author is not listed, start with the title instead. Additionally, include a retrieval date when the page's content is likely to change over time (like, for instance, if you're citing a wiki that is publicly edited).

Title of page . (Year, Month Date). Site name. Retrieved Month Date, Year, from URL

Tuscan white bean pasta.  (2018, February 25). Budgetbytes. Retrieved March 18, 2020, from  https://www.budgetbytes.com/tuscan-white-bean-pasta/

If the date of publication is not listed, use the abbreviation (n.d.). 

Author or Group name. (n.d.).  Title of page . Site name (if applicable). URL

National Alliance on Mental Illness. (n.d.). Mental health conditions . https://www.nami.org/Learn-More/Mental-Health-Conditions

Wikipedia Article

APA 7 treats Wikipedia articles as special instances of entries in reference works. Thus, there are a few differences between reference entries for pages on Wikipedia and those for generic webpages.

Title of article. (Year, Month Date). In  Wikipedia.  URL of archived version of page

Quantum mechanics. (2019, November 19). In Wikipedia . https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quantum_mechanics&oldid=948476810

Wikipedia articles often update frequently. For this reason, the date refers to the date that the cited version of the page was published. Note also that the manual recommends linking to the archived version of the page, rather than the current version of the page on the site, since the latter can change over time. Access the archived version by clicking "View History," then clicking the date/timestamp of the version you'd like to cite.

Online Scholarly Journal Article: Citing DOIs

Please note: Because online materials can potentially change URLs, APA recommends providing a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), when it is available, as opposed to the URL. DOIs are an attempt to provide stable, long-lasting links for online articles. They are unique to their documents and consist of a long alphanumeric code. Many—but not all—publishers will provide an article's DOI on the first page of the document.

Note also that some online bibliographies provide an article's DOI but may "hide" the code under a button which may read "Article" or may be an abbreviation of a vendor's name like "CrossRef" or "PubMed." This button will usually lead the user to the full article which will include the DOI. Find DOIs from print publications or ones that go to dead links with doi.org's "Resolve a DOI" function, available on the site's home page .

APA 7 also advises writers to include a DOI (if available), even when using the print source.

Article from an Online Periodical with DOI Assigned

Lastname, F. M., & Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Vol.( Issue), page numbers. DOI

Drollinger, T., Comer, L. B., & Warrington, P. T. (2006). Development and validation of the active empathetic listening scale. Psychology & Marketing, 23 (2), 161-180. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20105

Article from an Online Periodical with no DOI Assigned

If an online scholarly journal article has no DOI and is published on a website, include the URL. If an online scholarly article has no DOI and is published on a database, do not include a URL or any database information. The only exception is for databases that publish articles that are in limited circulation (like ERIC) or that are only available on that particular database (like UpToDate). Note that retrieval dates are required for unarchived sources that are likely, or intended, to change over time. 

Perreault, L. (2019). Obesity in adults: Role of physical activity and exercise. UpToDate . Retrieved January 12, 2020, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/obesity-in-adults-role-of-physical-activity-and-exercise

APA 7 th edition does not provide guidance on how to cite abstracts. However, if you only use information from the abstract but the full text of the article is also available, we advise you to add "[Abstract]" after the article or source name. If the full text is not available, you may use an abstract that is available through an abstracts database as a secondary source.

Online News Article

Note:  The format for this type of source depends on whether your source comes from a site with an associated newspaper.

If the source  does  come from a site with an associated newspaper, leave the title of the article unformatted, but italicize the title of the newspaper.

Lastname, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of article. Title of Publication . URL

Richards, C. (2019, December 9). Best music of 2019: Lana Del Rey sings lullabies about the end of America. Washington Post . https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/best-music-of-2019-lana-del-rey-sings-lullabies-about-the-end-of-america/2019/12/06/6e82c5ec-15d8-11ea-a659-7d69641c6ff7_story.html

On the other hand, if the source  doesn't  come from a site with an associated newspaper, italicize the title of the article, but leave the name of the site unformatted.

Lastname, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of article . Name of publishing website. URL

Jones, J. (2020, May 10). Why flats dominate Spain's housing market . BBC. https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20200506-why-do-flats-dominate-spains-housing-market

Electronic or Kindle Books

It is not necessary to note that you have used an eBook or audiobook when the content is the same as a physical book. However, you should distinguish between the eBook or audiobook and the print version if the content is different or abridged, or if you would like to cite the narrator of an audiobook.

Lastname, F. M. (Year).  Title of book . Publisher. URL

Lastname, F. M. (Year).  Title of book [eBook edition]. Publisher. URL

Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of book (N. Narrator, Narr.) [Audiobook]. Publisher. URL (if applicable)

Dissertation/Thesis from a Database

Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of dissertation or thesis (Publication No.) [Doctoral dissertation or master’s thesis, Name of Institution Awarding Degree]. Database Name.

Duis, J. M. (2008). Acid/base chemistry and related organic chemistry conceptions of undergraduate organic chemistry students  (Publication No. 3348786) [Doctoral dissertation, University of Northern Colorado]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global.

Entry in an Online Dictionary, Thesaurus, or Encyclopedia with a Group Author

Note:  An online dictionary, thesaurus, or encyclopedia may be continuously updated and therefore not include a publication date (like in the example below). If that’s the case, use “n.d.” for the date and include the retrieval date in the citation.

Institution or organization name. (Year). Title of entry. In Title of reference work . URL

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Braggadocio. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary . Retrieved January 13, 2020, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/braggadocio

Entry in an Online Dictionary, Thesaurus, or Encyclopedia with an Individual Author

Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of entry. In F. M. Lastname (Ed.), Title of reference work (edition). Publisher. URL or DOI

Martin, M. (2018). Animals. In L. A. Schintler & C. L. McNeely (Eds.), Encyclopedia of big data . SpringerLink. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32001-4_7-1

Note: If the dictionary, thesaurus, or encyclopedia does not include an edition, simply skip that step.

Lastname, F. M. or Name of Group (Year). Title of dataset (Version No.) [Data set]. Publisher. DOI or URL

Grantmakers in the Arts. (2019). Arts funding trends, United States, 1994-present (ICPSR 37337) [Data set]. National Archive of Data on Arts & Culture. https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/NADAC/studies/37337

Graphic Data (e.g. Interactive Maps, Infographics, and Other Graphic Representations of Data)

Give the name of the organization or individual followed by the date and the title. If there is no title, in brackets, you should provide a brief explanation of what type of data is there and in what form it appears. Include the URL and the retrieval date if there is no publication date.

HatchMed. (2017). 8 ways to improve patient satisfaction [Infographic]. HatchMed.com. https://www.hatchmed.com/blog/2017/1/30/8-ways-to-improve-patient-satisfaction

Google. (n.d.). [Google Map of Purdue University]. Retrieved January 12, 2020, from https://www.google.com/maps/@40.4237095,-86.9233886,17z

Qualitative Data and Online Interviews

If an interview is not retrievable in audio or print form, cite the interview only in the text (not in the reference list) and provide the month, day, and year in the text. If the interview transcript is published in an online periodical, like a magazine, cite the interview the same way you would cite the medium where it is published, as shown below:

Schulman, M. (2019, December 8). Peter Dinklage is still punk rock. The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/the-new-yorker-interview/peter-dinklage-is-still-punk-rock

If it is an audio file or transcript published in a database, credit the interviewee as the author and use the following model:

Paynter, W. (1970, September 17). Interview with Will Paynter [Interview]. Studs Terkel Radio Archive; The Chicago History Museum. https://studsterkel.wfmt.com/programs/interview-will-paynter

Online Lecture Notes and Presentation Slides

When citing online lecture notes, be sure to provide the file format in brackets after the lecture title (e.g. PowerPoint slides, Word document).

Lastname, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of presentation [Lecture notes, PowerPoint slides, etc]. Publisher. URL

Smith, C. (2017, October 13). AI and machine learning demystified [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/carologic/ai-and-machine-learning-demystified-by-carol-smith-at-midwest-ux-2017

Computer Software/Downloaded Software

Do not cite standard office software (e.g. Word, Excel) or programming languages. Provide references only for specialized software.

Lastname, F. M. or Name of Group. (Year). Title of software (Version No.). Publisher. URL

Maplesoft. (2019). Maple companion (Version 2.1.0). Cybernet Systems Co. https://www.maplesoft.com/products/MapleCompanion/

E-mails are not included in the list of references, though you should parenthetically cite them in your main text:

(E. Robbins, personal communication, January 4, 2001).

Online Forum or Discussion Posting

Lastname, F. M. or Name of Group [username]. (Year, Month Date). Title of post [Online forum post]. Publisher. URL

Stine, R. L. [RL__Stine]. (2013, October 23). I’m R.L. Stine and it’s my job to terrify kids. Ask me anything! [Online forum post]. Reddit. https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/1p32dl/

Lastname, F. M. or Name of Group [@username]. (Year, Month Date). Content of the post up to the first 20 words [Tweet]. Site Name. URL

Note : If the tweet includes images, videos, or links to other sources, indicate that information in brackets after the content description. Also attempt to replicate emojis if possible.

National Geographic [@NatGeo]. (2020, January 12). Scientists knew African grays are clever, but now they’ve been documented assisting other members of their species—even strangers [Tweet; thumbnail link to article]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/NatGeo/status/1216346352063537154

Twitter Profile

Lastname, F. M. or Name of Group [@username]. (n.d.). Tweets [Twitter profile]. Retrieved Month Date, Year, from URL

MLA Style [@mlastyle]. (n.d.). Tweets [Twitter profile]. Retrieved January 12, 2020, from https://twitter.com/mlastyle

Facebook Post

Lastname, F. M. or Name of Group. (Year, Month Date). Content of the post up to the first 20 words [Type of post]. Site Name. URL

Note: If the Facebook post includes images, videos, or links to other sources, indicate that information in brackets after the content description. Also attempt to replicate emojis if possible.

U.S. Department of the Interior. (2020, January 10). Like frosting on a cake, snow coats and clings to the hoodoos at Bryce Canyon National Park in Utah [Image attached] [Status update]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/USInterior/photos/a.155163054537384/2586475451406120/?type=3&theater

Facebook Page

Lastname, F. M. or Name of Group. (n.d.). Home [Facebook page]. Site name. Retrieved Month Date, Year, from URL

Little River Canyon National Preserve (n.d.). Home [Facebook page]. Facebook. Retrieved January 12, 2020 from https://www.facebook.com/lirinps/

Instagram Photo or Video

Lastname, F. M. or Name of Group [@username]. (Year, Month Date). Content of the post up to the first 20 words [Type of post]. Site Name. URL

BBC [@bbc]. (2020, January 12). Skywatchers have been treated to the first full moon of 2020-known as a “wolf moon”-at the same time as a [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/B7OkWqbBwcf/

Blog Post  

Lastname, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of post. Publisher . URL

Axelrod, A. (2019, August 11). A century later: The Treaty of Versailles and its rejection of racial equality. Code Switch, NPR . https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2019/08/11/742293305/a-century-later-the-treaty-of-versailles-and-its-rejection-of-racial-equality

YouTube or other Streaming Video

Last Name, F. M. [Username]. (Year, Month Date). Title of video [Video]. Streaming Service. URL

Lushi, K. [Korab Lushi]. (2016, July 3). Albatross culture 1 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_AMrJRQDPjk&t=148s

Note : The person or group who uploaded the video is considered the author. If the author’s name is the same as the username, you can omit the [Username].

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Date). Title of talk [Video]. TED. URL

Al-Mutawa, N. (2010, July). Superheroes inspired by Islam [Video]. TED. https://www.ted.com/talks/naif_al_mutawa_superheroes_inspired_by_islam#t-4909

Or (if on YouTube)

Username. (Year, Month Date). Title of talk [Video]. YouTube. URL

Tedx Talks. (2011, Nov. 15). TEDxHampshireCollege - Jay Smooth - How I learned to stop worrying and love discussing race [Video]. YouTube.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MbdxeFcQtaU

Podcast Episode

Host, A. A. (Host). (Year, Month Date). Title of episode (No. if provided) [Audio podcast episode]. In Name of podcast . Publisher. URL

Prime, K. (Host). (2019, March 29). For whom the cowbell tolls [Audio podcast episode]. In Radiolab . WNYC Studios. https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/whom-cowbell-tolls

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Cite a Website

- powered by chegg, check your paper before your teacher does, avoid plagiarism — quickly check for missing citations and check for writing mistakes., is your source credible don’t forget to consider these factors., purpose : reason the source exists.

• Is the point of the information to inform, persuade, teach, or sell?
• Do the authors/publishers make their intentions clear?
• Does the information appear to be fact or opinion?
• Does the point of view seem impartial? Do they identify counter-arguments?

Authority - Author: Source of the information

• Who is the author? What are their credentials or qualifications?
• What makes the author qualified to write on this topic?
• Is there clearly defined contact information for the author?

Authority - Publisher: Source of the information

• Who is the publisher? Is it a non-profit, government agency, or organization? How might this affect their point of view?
• What makes the publisher qualified to generate works on this subject?
• What can the URL tell you about the publisher? For instance, .gov may signify that it is a government agency.

Relevance : Importance of the information to your topic

Currency : timeliness of the information.

• When was the information published? When was it last updated? Does it reflect the most current information available?
• How does your topic fit in with this source’s publication date? Do you need current information to make your point or do older sources work better?

Comprehensiveness

• Does the source present one or multiple viewpoints on your topic?
• Does the source present a large amount of information on the topic? Or is it short and focused?
• Are there any points you feel may have been left out, on purpose or accidentally, that affect its comprehensiveness?
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Citing a website in APA style

Create a new citation.

• Film/Online Video
• Online Database
• Advertisement
• Digital File
• Digital Image
• Dissertation
• Government Publication
• Introduction
• Miscellaneous
• Musical Recording
• Press Release
• Scholarly Project

Published January 18, 2021. Updated December 21, 2021.

How to cite a website in APA

To cite a website in APA, you need to know the author, website title, website name, date (day, month and year), URL (uniform resource locator), and in some cases the retrieved date (day, month, and year).

The templates and examples below are based on the 7th edition of the  Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association  and the main  APA style website . On this page, you can learn how to cite the following:

Basic web page

Organization author

Entire website

Social Media

If you’re trying to cite a website, the  Chegg Writing APA citation generator  could help.

Citing a basic web page in APA

In-text citation template and examples:

Author Surname (Publication Date)

Erdelyi (2020)

Parenthetical:

(Author Surname, Publication Date)

(Erdelyi, 2020)

Reference list entry template and example:

Author Surname, F. M. (Year, Month Day Published).  Title of the page in italics . Publisher/Name of Website. URL

Erdelyi, K. M. (2020, October 30).  How to leave your comfort zone & why you should . Psycom. https://ww.psycom.net/comfort-zone

Read this  APA format  guide for more style basics.

Citing a web page with organization author in APA

In-text citation template and example:

Organization Name (Publication Date)

Chegg (2003)

(Organization Name, Publication Date)

(Chegg, 2003)

Organization Name. (Year, Month Day Published).  Title of the page in italics . Publisher/Name of Website. URL

Chegg. (2003).  Twin paradox . Chegg Study. https://www.chegg.com/learn/physics/introduction-to-physics/twin-paradox

Citing a web page without a date in APA

Author, A. (n.d.).  Article title . Website/Publisher Name. URL

University of California Santa Barbara. (n.d.).  About UC Santa Barbara . UC Santa Barbara. https://www.ucsb.edu/about

Note that if the webpage contents are likely to change, include a retrieval date, formatted as follows:

University of California Santa Barbara. (n.d.).  About UC Santa Barbara . UC Santa Barbara. Retrieved November 3, 2021, from https://www.ucsb.edu/about

Citing a web page with no authors in APA

Title  (Publication Date)

What is an adjective  (2020)

( Title , Publication Date)

( What is an adjective , 2020)

As there is no author, you can use the abbreviated form of the title.

Title of the page in sentence case . (Year, Month Day Published). Publisher/Name of Website. URL

What is an adjective: A quick and easy adjective overview . (2020, July, 13). Chegg Writing. https://www.chegg.com/writing/guides/adjectives/

Citing an entire website in APA

Name of the Website (URL)

Biography.com (https://www.biography.com/)

(https://www.biography.com/)

According to APA guidelines, reference list entries should not be created for whole websites. Instead, state the name of the website in the text and then include the full URL in parentheses.

Citing Twitter in APA

Author or Organization Name (Publication Date)

Chegg (2020)

(Author or Organization Name, Publication Date)

(Chegg, 2020)

For author names, use only the surname in in-text citations.

Author, F. M. [@username]. (Year, Month Day Published).  Full Tweet text in italics  [Attachments if applicable] [Tweet]. Twitter. URL

Chegg [@Chegg]. (2020, November 4).  The election continues, but #ElectionDay has come to a close. What did students experience when casting their votes? Hear their  [Image attached] [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/Chegg/status/1324148302623899649

Tweet text should not exceed more than 20 words. If the content is too long, use the first 20 words. It is not necessary to include a retrieval date unless the tweet has been removed or you are citing the entire profile as of a certain date (this applies to other social media references as well).

Citing Facebook in APA style

Dhar (2020)

(Dhar, 2020)

For author names, use only the surname in the in-text citations.

Author Surname, F. M. (Year, Month Day Published).  Description/Text of the post . [Attachments if applicable] [Status Update]. Facebook. URL

Dhar, M. (2020, February 16).  Poor dad can’t buy birthday cake, stranger changes his life forever  [Video attached] [Status update]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/search/top?q=Poor%20dad%20can’t%20buy%20birthday%20cake%2C%20stranger%20changes%20his%20life%20forever

Citing Instagram in APA style

Gates (2020)

(Gates, 2020)

Author Surname, F. M. [username]. (Year, Month Day Published).  Description/Text of the post  [Format of the post]. Instagram. URL

Gates, B. [@thisisbillgates]. (2020, October 20).  How to avoid a climate disaster  [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CGiosKygqaz/

For more information on citing sources in APA, also read these guides on  APA in-text citations  and  APA reference page examples .

Troubleshooting

Solution #1: when to use a retrieval date when citing a website.

You should only use a retrieval date in your citation if the contents of the webpage are likely to change over time. An example could be a webpage that shows statistics that are updated on a regular basis.

If you do need to include a retrieval date, it should be formatted as: Retrieved November 5, 2021, from URL

For example: 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.).  COVID data tracker.  Retrieved November 5, 2021, from https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#datatracker-home

Solution #2: How to cite a comment on a webpage

To cite a comment on a webpage, the commenter should be treated as the author. You can use either the person’s real name or their username/screen name depending on the information available.

Commenter Surname, F. M. (Year, Month Day posted).  Comment title or first 20 words of comment text  [Comment on the webpage  Web page title ]. Website/Publication Name. URL

Schmitz, D. (2021, November 5).  Molten Salt Reactors using Thorium are also a good way for nuclear to go  [Comment on the webpage  On climate, we need to run fast — but not run scared ]. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/11/04/climate-we-need-run-fast-not-run-scared/?commentID=b7aa6a39-1d5c-4ec7-8548-1ca7d2962bc4

APA Style: Learn More

Frequently asked questions, what is the correct way to cite a blog post in apa.

To cite a blog post in APA, the core elements required are the blogger’s name, title of the post, title of the blog, date of publication, and URL. The below table shows how the in-text citation and the reference-list entry are included for a blog post in APA.

In-text citation

Template: (Blogger’s Surname, Publication Year) Example: (Radice, 2011)

Reference-list entry

Blogger Surname, F. M. (Year, Month Day Published). Title of the post.  Title of the Blog . URL of the post Example:

Radice, R. (2011, January 1). A Bayesian approach to phylogenetic networks.  University of Bath Blog . https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/a-bayesian-approach-tophylogenetic-network

How do I cite a website in APA?

To cite a website in APA, the core elements required are the name of the author or organization, the title of the webpage, the website name, the year of publication, and the URL. The table below shows how to format the in-text citation and the reference-list entry for a webpage on a website in APA.

Template: (Individual Author’s Surname/Organization’s Name, Year of Publication) Example: (Mean, 2021)

Author Surname, F. M./Organization Name  (Year, Month Day).  Title of the webpage . Name of the Website. URL Example:

Mean, W. (2021, September 28).  Alexander Graham Bell: 5 facts on the father of the telephone.  Biography. https://www.biography.com/news/alexander-graham-bell-facts

Day and Month are not given in the in-text citation, but they are given in the reference-list entry.

How do I cite an app in APA?

Do not cite common apps such as Facebook and WhatsApp in the reference list. Only include such apps in the text using the proper name of the app. Include the version number as well (if relevant). However, when paraphrasing or quoting from any app, include a reference list entry and an in-text citation.

Cite uncommon apps both in in-text citations and reference-list entries. To cite an uncommon app, use the core required elements: the name of the author or group, year of publication, the title of the app and version number, and URL. The table below shows how to format the in-text citation and the reference-list entry for an uncommon app in APA.

Template: (Name of the Group, Year) Example: (ixigo, 2021)

Name of the group (Year).  Title of the mobile app  (Version #) [Mobile app]. App Store .  URL Example:

ixigo. (2021).  IRCTC authorised partner  (Version 5.2.2.1) [Mobile app] .  App Store. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.ixigo.train.ixitrain

How do I cite website with no author or date in APA?

To cite a website with no author or date in APA, use the core required elements: for the parenthetical citation, include the title of the webpage (articles in quotations and reports in italics). For the reference-list entry, include the title of the webpage first, “(n.d.).” to indicate there is no date, the website name, and the URL.

The table below shows how to format the in-text citation for a website with no author or publication date in APA.

Template: (Title of the webpage) Example: (“Michigan Island Lighthouse”)

How do I cite a blog post in APA with no author?

To cite a blog post in APA with no author, use the core required elements: the title of the post, date of publication, title of the blog, and URL. The table below shows how to format the in-text citation and the reference-list entry for a blog post in APA with no author.

Template: (Title of the Post, Publication Year) Example: (The Easy Way, 2021)

Title of the post. (Year, Month Day Published).  Title of the Blog . URL of the post Example:

The easy way to maximize natural light in your space (2021, October 19).  Apartment Therapy . https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/how-to-maximize-natural-light-hgtv-tip-36989458

How do I cite an Instagram post in APA?

To cite an Instagram post (e.g., video or photo), include the last name of the person who made the post and the year in in-text citations. In the reference list entry, include the name and the Instagram names of the user, title and description of the post, date posted, and URL. The below table shows how the in-text citation and the reference list entry are included for an Instagram post in APA.

Template: (Last Name of the user, year) Example: (Murphy, 2020)

User’s Last Name, First Initial OR Name of Group [@Instagram user name]. (Year, Month Day).  Title of the post  [Description] .  Site Name. URL Example:

Murphy, I. [@adamanthillo]. (2020, July 8).  A few simple ways to combat boredom  [Photo] .  Instagram. https://medium.com/@adamanthillo/a-few-simple-ways-to-combat-office-boredom

Add only the year in in-text citations, but the month and date should also be included in the reference list entry.

Use a maximum of the first 20 words from the post for the title.

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APA Citation Style

• Getting Started
• In-Text Citations
• Instruction Videos

Quick Links

In APA format, the source indicates where readers can retrieve the cited work. Sources fall into two categories, just as titles do. Works that are part of a greater whole and works that stand alone. The requirements for each one are as follows:

• the source for works that are part of a greater whole (journal article, edited book chapter, etc.) is the greater whole (i.e., the journal), and the DOI or URL
• the source for works that stand alone (book, report, dissertation, film, social media site, webpage, etc.) includes the publisher of the work, database, social media page, or website, and the DOI or URL

The general guidelines for formatting the source in an APA style reference are listed below:

• print books require the book publisher
• online books require the book publisher and the DOI or URL
• print journals require the journal name, volume number, issue number, and page range
• online journals require the journal name, volume number, issue number, page range, and the DOI or URL
• italicize the journal title and the volume number
• place the issue number in parentheses after the volume number with no space in between them

From APA Publication Manual, 7th, ed., Ch. 9.23 Definition of Source, 9.24 Format of the Source Element, & 9.25 Periodical Sources

Source element for an online journal article:

McCauley, S. M., & Christiansen, M. H. (2019). Language learning as language use: A cross-linguistic model of child language development. Psychological Review, 126 (1), 1-51. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000126

Source information for a book:

Garton, A. (2005). E xploring cognitive development: The child as problem solver . Blackwell.

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• URL: https://westlibrary.txwes.edu/apa

APA Style Guide 7th Edition--Frequently Asked Question and Updates: Introduction and Link to APA 7th

• Introduction and Link to APA 7th
• APA 7th Edition--New Changes--Quick Guide
• Other Citation Styles and APA 6th edition
• Searching and APA 7th edition Presentation for EMBA Students
• APA 7th Ed.--Information for Nursing Students
• Libguide editors
• Other APA Libguides

APA Style Guide--7th Edition --Introduction

The APA (American Psychological Association) Style is used by many researchers,   scholars,  students and publishers around the world.  Fields from psychology, social work, communications, education and other disciplines  used the style for dissertations, theses, research papers and articles.     Using a style guide helps writers present their ideas in a clear, concise and organized manner.  When you learn how to format your papers based on a style guide you are better able to credit sources, present tables and figures consistentl y, and use correct grammar and sentence structure.  The 7th edition of  The Publication Manual of the American  Psychological Association is the  recent revision of the style guide.  This guide attempts to answer some of the Frequently Asked Questions regarding this new edition .  

http://mypanther-lib.pvamu.edu/record=b1453375~S1

• APA 7th edition changes-- short Powerpoint presentation

APA 7th edition Powerpoint presentation

Helpful links

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition (2020)

https://apastyle.apa.org/products/publication-manual-7th-edition

APA Style Blog

https://apastyle.apa.org/blog?_ga=2.112121158.331217480.1573758839-970069031.1573758839

APA Style--Paper format guidelines

https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/paper-format/

APA Style—In Text Citation guidelines

https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/citations/

APA Style--References guidelines

https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/references/

APA Style--Tables and Figures

https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/tables-figures/

APA Style—Punctuation

https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/punctuation/

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association 7th Edition--Frequently Asked Questions

When will students need to use the 7th edition of APA?

The American Psychological Association anticipates that most people will start using the 7th edition in the spring of 2020 or thereafter. It’s best to check with your professor or check the website of the journal you want to get published in to see which APA guidelines you should follow.

What if I already started a paper in 6 th edition?

The publishers realize it make take a while to get everyone accustomed to using the new edition.  If you have started a paper using the 6 th edition, generally speaking, you should finish it with the same style.  However, always ask your professor or publisher if you need to make an adjustment.  

What are some of the changes in the 7 th edition?

• New guidance on research methods, ethical compliance and data sharing.
• The title page, running head and heading formats are changed, as well as font specifications for accessibility.
• Journal Article Reporting Standards (JARS) are updated.
• Inclusive and bias-free language is the new standard, and APA’s new publication manual contains a separate chapter on this topic.
• Changes to the mechanics of style, including the placement of periods, quotation marks, abbreviations, more flexibility for lettered, numbered and bulleted lists.
• More than 40 new samples of tables and figures are included.
• The accessible use of color in figures is discussed.
• There is more guidance on plagiarism, self-plagiarism, levels of citation and unethical writing practices.
• There are over 100 examples of APA style references, with detailed explanations.
• Chapter 11 presents expanded legal reference guidelines from The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation.
• Chapter 12 provides guidance on the publication process for new researchers and authors.

Introducing the APA 7th Ed.

What's New with APA 7th Edition

• Next: APA 7th Edition--New Changes--Quick Guide >>
• Last Updated: Aug 31, 2024 8:53 AM
• URL: https://pvamu.libguides.com/APA

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Enter website URL Cite a Website in APA Author Date Published Page Title Website Name URL Cite a Book in APA Author Year Published Book Title Edition Publisher URL Cite a Journal Article in APA Author Year Published Article Title Journal Volume Issue Pages Used URL Cite a Movie in APA Director Year Published Movie Title Studio Cite a YouTube Video in APA Channel Date Uploaded Video Title URL Cite a Tweet in APA Author Username Date Posted Tweet URL Cite a Newspaper in APA Author Date Published Article Title Newspaper Title Pages Used The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association style is used in the social and behavioral sciences. Read more on Wikipedia. How would you like to see this website improved? Chicago format Harvard format IEEE format Bluebook format  apa website citation   apa book citation   apa journal article citation   apa movie citation   apa youtube video citation   apa tweet citation   apa newspaper citation  In-text Citations Articles from Journals, Magazines, & Newspapers Dictionary or Encyclopedia Social Media & Blogs Specialized Databases Data Sets & Statistics Legal Sources Paper Formatting Research Help is Available Librarians are available for help and advice on research and access to library resources and services. Librarians are on duty to help you access the library resources you need. Come to the Library Services Desk and ask for the Librarian on duty, or contact us by phone, text, or chat. When the library is closed, chats and texts may be answered by librarians from other institutions. You may opens new window make an appointment for in-person or online help or contact us in any of these ways when you need help or have a question. Phone: 918-495-6887 Text: 918-532-6672 opens new window Request an appointment with a librarian Email: [email protected] (messages sent after hours will receive response within one business day) << Previous: Paper Formatting Last Updated: Sep 1, 2024 2:20 PM URL: https://library.oru.edu/APA Website accessibility and inclusive design Disabilities Supercharge Your Presence Slides (PDF, 2MB) Transcript (DOC, 39KB) Related resources (DOC, 49KB) This content is disabled due to your privacy settings. To re-enable, please adjust your cookie preferences. Do you know if your website is accessible to audiences with visual, hearing, motor, and/or cognitive disabilities? Whether you’re just getting started with a website or you already have one, this presentation can help you identify and correct common accessibility issues and improve the usability of your site. This program does not offer CE credit. Amy Pearson A user experience optimization and compliance manager at APA, working to improve the accessibility of APA’s websites and digital touchpoints. In 2017, she earned a master’s certification in user experience from the Nielsen Norman Group. Pearson has been with APA for more than 25 years, working with APA’s websites and digital products and services. More in this series Learn how to become a public speaker as a mental health professional. March 2019 On Demand Webinar Learn about creating excellent content and web-friendly writing techniques and formatting. December 2018 On Demand Webinar Learn about search engine optimization, what is it and how do you find SEO success when you're not super tech-savvy. October 2018 On Demand Webinar Learn about options for designing and hosting as website as well as basic web design principles. September 2018 On Demand Webinar FYWS - College Literacy: Citation Generators Videos and Tutorials from your Librarian Topic/Research Question Search Strategies Evaluating Resources Citation Generators What is a Citation Generator? Some databases will provide citations for you when viewing an article. On this page to the right are instructions and illustrations for finding your citations in some of some our databases such as EBSCOHost, PubMed, Google Scholar and JSTOR.  Citation generators can save you considerable time and effort by helping you create citations for your resources, Many citation generators (like Mendeley and Zotero below) will also help you organize your sources and create a list of references. It's important to remember, though, that citation generators are not perfect. Links to some free citation generators are listed here. Always double check your citations to make sure the formatting is correct. Mendeley Citation generator and reference management software. Create a free account to use. Zotero Citation generator and reference management software. Create a free account to use. Citation Machine Cite sources in APA, MLA, Chicago, Turabian, and Harvard EasyBib MLA citation generator is free. Additional styles and services available with subscription. Citations in EBSCOhost Click image to enlarge Citations in JSTOR Citations in Google Scholar Citations in PubMed << Previous: MLA Last Updated: Sep 2, 2024 1:02 PM URL: https://libguides.manchester.edu/c.php?g=1418677 NOTICE: ProQuest e-book platforms will be down for planned maintenance on Saturday, August 12, from 12:00 pm to 3:00 pm CST. DMK 730: Legal and Ethical Considerations in Digital Marketing, Graham, fall 2024: APA Citations Company Research Products or Product Lines U.K. Market Mass Media Law APA Citations This guide is based on the 7th edition (2020) of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association . APA uses the author/date method of in-text citation . Include in parentheses the author's last name and the year of publication after all direct quotes and paraphrased segments of your paper. Page numbers are included for direct quotes and some paraphrased content: Example: (Pollan, 2005, p. 146) . For more information, including other methods of incorporating quotes and paraphrases into your paper, see the "Avoiding Plagiarism" tab and the Recommended Guides section of the "Basics" tab.. APA requires the use of hanging indents and double  spacing ; however, check with your instructor, as some instructors request single spacing! Watch these in the references list: Author: Use initial of author's first name (not entire first name) Author: If multiple, separate with commas, but precede the last one with an & instead. Author: In the seventh edition, up to 20 authors should now be included in a reference list entry. For sources with more than 20 authors, after the 19 th   listed author, any additional authors' names are replaced with an ellipsis (…) followed by the final listed author's name. Do not place an ampersand before the final author's name. Author: Use (Ed.) or (Eds.) if  "author(s)" are editor(s). Publication year: Enter after author with ( ), not at end Capitalize only the first word (and any proper nouns) of the title or subtitle of a book, article, or chapter Capitalize all significant words of the title of a periodical. Journal title and volume: Use italics (not underlines) Digital object identifiers (DOIs) and URLs are now both presented as hyperlinks for electronic sources. The label “DOI:” is no longer used for entries that include a DOI. The words “Retrieved from” (preceding the URL or DOI) are now only used when a retrieval date is also provided in the citation. Do not include a retrieval date unless the source may change over time (eg., a wiki). Article from a periodical: It is not necessary to include the name of the database unless the information is difficult to locate. Samples of American Psychological Association 7th ed. Basic Format for References List General format. Author, A. A. (Date).  Title . Source. No author?  Substitute title for author No date? Use n.d. (indicates no date) No date, but year can be reasonably approximated? Use ca. and your estimated year, and use square brackets: [ca. 2008] No title?  Describe the document inside square brackets  [Unpublished raw data ] APA official guidance: How to Write an APA Style Reference When Information Is Missing    - Capitalize just the first word of the title and any subtitle.    - Mention edition (if not first ed.) and/or volume number (if a multi-volume work) in parentheses after the title. Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: S ubtitle of       work (xx ed., Vol. xx). Publisher.  Book Chapter    - Capitalize just the first word of the title and any subtitle.    - Mention edition (if not first ed.) and/or volume number (if a multi-volume work) along with page range in parentheses after the title. Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year of publication). Title      of chapter. In D. D. Editor & E. E. Editor (Eds.), Title of work:      S ubtitle  of work (xx ed., Vol. xx, pp. xxx-xxx). Publisher.  Article in a Periodical, Print or Microform    - Include the Digitial Object Identifier (DOI) if provided.    - For journals, include just the year of publication within the parentheses: (1984).    - For magazines and newspapers, include the year, month and date within the parentheses: (1984, July 5) Magazine example: Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year, Month Date). Title of     article. Title of Periodical, volume number (issue number if available),     page#-page#.    https://doi:xx.xxxx/xxxxxxxxxx Journal article example: Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of     article.  Title of Periodical, volume number (issue number if available), Article in a Periodical, Retrieved from a Library Database    - Include the Digitial Object Identifier (DOI) if provided.     - Do not include the name of the database, the retrieval date, or a database item or accession number.    - For journals, include just the year of publication within the parentheses: (1984)    - For magazines and newspapers, include the year, month and date within the parentheses: (1984, July 5) Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year, Month Date). Title of article. Title      of  Periodical, volume number (issue number if available), page#-page#.      https:// doi: xx.xxxx/xxxxxxxxxx   Article in an Online Periodical (not from a library database)    - Provide a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) when it is available, otherwise provide the URL.    - For journals, include just the year of publication within the parentheses: (1984)    - For magazines and newspapers, include the year, month and date within the parentheses: (1984, July 5)                                                               Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year, Month Date).      Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number (issue number if      available) , page#-page#.  https://doi:xx.xxxx/xxxxxxxxxx      available) , page#-page#.  http s ://www.someaddress.com/full/url/ Web Document, Page, or Report    - Identify the publisher or organization name as part of the retrieval statement, unless the publisher      or organization is the group author.    - If available, include the report number in parentheses following the title of the work. Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication).  Title of      document (Report No. xxx) .  https://www.someaddress.com/full/url/ Group Author Name. (Year, Month Date).  Title of document (Report      No. xxx) .  https://www.someaddress.com/full/url/ Personal Communication    - These are non-recoverable forms of communication, including:          private letters, memos, non-archived electronic communications such as private emails,           personal interviews, telephone conversations    - These sources are not included in the reference list!  Personal communications are cited in text only.    Joe Gow told me (personal communication, April 2, 2010) that he would make it happen.   The Chancellor proceeded to recount the origins of the name, Fur Low Riders (J. Gow, personal    communication, April 3, 2009). YouTube Video    - Provide the screen name if the actual name of the author is not given.    - Describe the audiovisual work in brackets: [Film]. Fogarty, M. [Grammar Girl]. (2016, September 30). How to diagram a sentence      (absolute basics)  [Video]. YouTube.      https://youtube.com/watch?v=qm1xGfOZJc8     - Use [Photograph], [Painting], etc. after the title to indicate the type of image.    - More examples (Landmark College)      - More examples (Univ. of Maryland) Hicker, R. (n.d.). Soaring Eagle [Photograph].       https://www.hickerphoto.com/data/media/161/soaring-eagle_6822.jpg  Sample APA Citations for Business Resources 7th ed. APA is the recommended citation style for the social sciences, including business disciplines. IBISWorld: (cite the report used) Lerman, S. (2016, September). IBISWorld industry      report 61111a: Public schools in the US.   Mediamark Research & Intelligence. (2015). Fall 2015      product: Apparel/accessories. Retrieved from      Mediamark Reporter database. MarketLine. (2015, April 30). General Motors      Corporation: Company profile. Retrieved from      MarketLine Advantage database. MRI-Simmons Catalyst: (cite the study/dataset used) MRI-Simmons. (2021).  2021 Spring MRI-Simmons USA study.       [Data file]. Retrieved February 5, 2024, from       Catalyst  database. MRI-Simmons. (2021). 2021 Spring (La Crosse-Eau Claire)       local flex MRI-Simmons.   [Data file]. Retrieved        February 5, 2024, from  Catalyst database.   Data Axle Reference Solutions: (cite the database record used) Data Axle. (n.d.). Charmant Hotel LLC, La Crosse, WI.       [Database record]. Retrieved May 8, 2023, from       U.S. Businesses database. Business Insights: Global:  (cite a company profile) Gale Cengage Learning. (n.d.). Amazon.com, Inc.         [Company profile]. Retrieved March 6, 2023 from       Business Insights: Global. Passport (Euromonitor): (cite a report) Euromonitor International. (2022, June).  Beer in the       United Kingdom . [Country report].  Euromonitor International. (2022, May).  Molson Coors       Brewing Co (UK) Ltd in Alcoholic Drinks (United       Kingdom).  [Local company profile]. Many more APA citation examples are available.  APA 7th Edition Style Format Quick Reference Guide, APA Style 7th Edition (pdf) APA Style 7th Ed: In-Text Citations APA Style 7th Ed: References Creating References Using Seventh Edition APA Style long video: 1:10:22 Recommended Guides These are comprehensive citation guides recommended by librarians. APA  (7th, 2020) MLA   (8th, 2016) Chicago  (17th, 2017)   APA Formatting and Style Guide  (7th, 2020) MLA Formatting and Style Guide (9th, 2021) Chicago Formatting and Style Guide (17th, 2017)   APA Format and Style Guide  (7th, 2020) MLA Formatting and Style Guide  (9th, 2021) Chicago Formatting and Style Guide  (17th, 2017) For Student Affairs Administration Students SAA Editing Guide The SAA Research/Writing Checklist is based on APA. << Previous: Mass Media Law Last Updated: Sep 3, 2024 5:15 PM URL: https://libguides.uwlax.edu/dmk730 Plagiarism Checker Compare your paper to billions of pages and articles with Scribbr’s Turnitin-powered plagiarism checker. Run a free check AI Detector Detect AI-generated content like ChatGPT3.5, GPT4 and Gemini in seconds Try for free Paraphraser Rewrite and paraphrase texts instantly with our AI-powered paraphrasing tool. Check your Citations Improve your in-text citations and references for errors and inconsistencies using Scribbr's AI technology or human experts. Grammar Checker Eliminate grammar errors and improve your writing with our free AI-powered grammar checker. AI Proofreader Correct your document in minutes. Upload my document Proofreading & Editing Have a human editor polish your writing to ensure your arguments are judged on merit, not grammar errors. Get expert writing help universalSourceForm.defaults.intro.title universalSourceForm.overwrites.webpage.intro.text,universalSourceForm.defaults.intro.text 348 COMMENTS How to Cite a Website in APA Style Learn how to cite websites in APA Style with author, date, title, URL, and other details. See examples for different types of websites, articles, and social media posts. Webpage on a Website References Learn how to cite webpages from news, government, organizational, and individual sources in APA style. See the format, author, date, title, and URL for each example. Citing a Website in APA Learn how to cite a website in APA format with examples, structure, and tips. Use Citation Machine to create references for online sources quickly and easily. How to Cite a Website in APA An APA citation of web page reference includes the month, day, and year if it's a site that is updated with new information frequently. Blog posts, newspaper articles, posts from social media profiles, and YouTube videos are just a few of the sources that would display the full date. In an APA citation for web pages, it's written in this ... APA Formatting and Style Guide (7th Edition) Resources on writing an APA style reference list, including citation formats. Basic Rules Basic guidelines for formatting the reference list at the end of a standard APA research paper Author/Authors Rules for handling works by a single author or multiple authors that apply to all APA-style references in your reference list, regardless of the ... Free APA Citation Generator [Updated for 2024] College-level and post-graduate students are most likely to use an APA citation generator, because APA style is the most favored style at these learning levels. Before college, in middle and high school, MLA style is more likely to be used. In other parts of the world styles such as Harvard (UK and Australia) and DIN 1505 (Europe) are used more ... APA Style (7th Edition) Citation Guide: Websites 1) Note: When there are no visible page numbers or paragraph numbers, you may cite the section heading and the number of the paragraph in that section to identify where your quote came from. Abbreviating Corporation/Group Author Name in In-Text citations: Author names for corporations/groups can often be abbreviated. APA Citation Guide (7th Edition): Websites and Webpages In other words, a webpage is an independent page of a website. If you simply mention a whole website it is not necessary to create a reference list entry. Name the website in the text of your paper and provide the URL in parentheses. Notes: Use the webpage and website category for your source only if there is no better category for it. Do not ... Free APA Citation Generator APA Style is widely used by students, researchers, and professionals in the social and behavioral sciences. Scribbr's free citation generator automatically generates accurate references and in-text citations. This citation guide outlines the most important citation guidelines from the 7th edition APA Publication Manual (2020). APA Formatting and Citation (7th Ed.) Throughout your paper, you need to apply the following APA format guidelines: Set page margins to 1 inch on all sides. Double-space all text, including headings. Indent the first line of every paragraph 0.5 inches. Use an accessible font (e.g., Times New Roman 12pt., Arial 11pt., or Georgia 11pt.). Reference List: Electronic Sources APA style dictates that brackets should directly surround their content without spaces (e.g., [bracketed content] should look like this). When possible, include the year, month, and date in references. If the month and date are not available, use the year of publication. Additionally, APA 7 th edition no longer requires the use of "Retrieved ... Research Guides: APA 7th Edition : Citing Websites This guide provides information about creating APA 7 Reference List and In-Text Citations. Skip to Main Content. University of Alabama Libraries; Research Guides; APA 7th Edition ; Citing Websites; Search this Guide Search. ... Website Name. URL. Type of citation Example citation; Reference List Citation: Aubrey, A. (2019, December 12) ... APA Citation Generator Scroll down to find the proper format for the source you're citing or referencing. If you would like help citing your sources, CitationMachine.com has a citation generator that will help make the APA citation process much easier for you. To start, simply click on the source type you're citing: Website. Books. How to Cite a Website in APA A website in APA has a simple citation format for in-text citations. The following information appears in parentheses after the text that cites the source, in what is known as a parenthetical citation: Another form of in-text citation is the narrative citation, which incorporates the author's name into the sentence. APA Website Citation Use the following template to cite a website using the APA citation format. There are also BibMe style guides for the MLA and Chicago styles. Here's a table of contents for this guide: How to cite a website in APA. Cite a website on BibMe citation generator; Cite a website article with an author; Cite a website article without an author Citation Machine®: Format & Generate Stay up to date! Get research tips and citation information or just enjoy some fun posts from our student blog. Citation Machine® helps students and professionals properly credit the information that they use. Cite sources in APA, MLA, Chicago, Turabian, and Harvard for free. Try Our Free APA Citation Generator & APA Format Guide APA Citation Generator >. Cite a Website. Looking for an APA citation generator and complete APA format guide? Look no further! Our free resources make citing in APA style a breeze. APA Website Citation Generator & Examples To cite a website in APA, the core elements required are the name of the author or organization, the title of the webpage, the website name, the year of publication, and the URL. The table below shows how to format the in-text citation and the reference-list entry for a webpage on a website in APA. In-text citation Source the source for works that stand alone (book, report, dissertation, film, social media site, webpage, etc.) includes the publisher of the work, database, social media page, or website, and the DOI or URL; The general guidelines for formatting the source in an APA style reference are listed below: print books require the book publisher How to Cite a Website Citing a website in APA Style. An APA reference for a webpage lists the author's last name and initials, the full date of publication, the title of the page (in italics), the website name (in plain text), and the URL.. The in-text citation lists the author's last name and the year. If it's a long page, you may include a locator to identify the quote or paraphrase (e.g. a paragraph number ... Introduction and Link to APA 7th The APA (American Psychological Association) Style is used by many researchers, scholars, students and publishers around the world. Fields from psychology, social work, communications, education and other disciplines used the style for dissertations, theses, research papers and articles. Using a style guide helps writers present their ideas in a clear, concise and organized manner. APA Citation Generator Generate APA citations for Websites, Books, Journal Articles, Movies/Films, YouTube Videos, Tweets, or Newspapers. Library Guides: Citing Sources with APA 7th Edition: Need Help? Guide to citations according to APA 7th edition with examples of business source citations. Reference Citation Formats. In-text Citations ; Articles from Journals, Magazines, & Newspapers ; Book ; Bible ; Dictionary or Encyclopedia ; Social Media & Blogs ; Web Pages ; Specialized Databases ; Data Sets & Statistics ; Media ; APA citation generator: Citefast automatically formats citations in Citefast automatically formats citations in APA 7th edition. Note: The default citation style is now APA 7. To use APA 6 ensure that the APA 6 button is selected. APA 7. APA 6. MLA 8. Chicago. To create a citation choose a source and enter details below. Note: APA 7th edition is now the starting choice for creating citations. APA Citations: All About In-Text Citations in APA Style The APA also has a free webinar on how to cite works in the main text using APA style. APA Citations for a Work with One Author. When you've just one author, your citation looks like this: (Rangypants, 2010) A longitudinal, multi-center study (Rangypants, 2010) did not find any relationship between sleep duration and dementia risk. Website accessibility and inclusive design A user experience optimization and compliance manager at APA, working to improve the accessibility of APA's websites and digital touchpoints. In 2017, she earned a master's certification in user experience from the Nielsen Norman Group. ... Learn about creating excellent content and web-friendly writing techniques and formatting. Free Citation Generator Citation Generator: Automatically generate accurate references and in-text citations using Scribbr's APA Citation Generator, MLA Citation Generator, Harvard Referencing Generator, and Chicago Citation Generator. Plagiarism Checker: Detect plagiarism in your paper using the most accurate Turnitin-powered plagiarism software available to ... LibGuides: FYWS the formatting is correct. Mendeley. Citation generator and reference management software. Create a free account to use. Zotero. Citation generator and reference management software. Create a free account to use. Citation Machine. Cite sources in APA, MLA, Chicago, Turabian, and Harvard. EasyBib. MLA citation generator is free. Additional ... APA Citations This guide is based on the 7th edition (2020) of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.. APA uses the author/date method of in-text citation.Include in parentheses the author's last name and the year of publication after all direct quotes and paraphrased segments of your paper. Cite a Webpage Webpage or online article. Cite a specific page from a website. Use other forms to cite. a whole website. and to cite other online sources: articles from. magazines. , online newspapers. , and. assignment essay homework paper phd report review speech thesis