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Essay on Water Scarcity

Water is the basic necessity of every human being, but water scarcity is a major issue that is rising very rapidly in India nowadays. The problem has become so severe that in many states the groundwater has almost dried up and people have to depend on water supply from other sources. In addition, water is one of the most misused natural resources that we still waste. It is the central point of our lives but unfortunately, not our priority concern. 

Earlier, people understood the value of water and planned their lives around it. Moreover, many civilizations were born and lost around water, but today, in spite of having knowledge, we still fail to understand the value of water in our lives. 

Reasons for Water Scarcity

Mismanagement of water and the growing population in our country are the two main reasons for water scarcity. There are also a number of other man made disturbances that continue to rise. Besides this, some of the reasons for water scarcity are:  

Wasteful Use of Water for Agriculture  

India, an agricultural country, produces a huge quantity of food to feed its population. The surplus that is left, gets exported outside. 

It is not unknown that producing this much food requires a lot of water too. The traditional method of irrigation wastes a lot of water due to evaporation, water conveyance, drainage, percolation, and the overuse of groundwater. Besides, most of the areas in India use traditional irrigation techniques that stress the availability of water.

However, the technique of irrigation has changed during modern times and we provide water to plants using a sprinkler or drip irrigation.

Reduction in Water Recharges Systems  

Rapid construction that uses concrete and marbles may not let the rainwater get absorbed in the soil, but still, we install some mechanism in our houses so that we can hold the rainwater. Then we can recharge the groundwater.

Lack of Water Management and Distribution

There is a need for an efficient system to manage and distribute the water in urban areas. The Indian government also needs to enhance its technology and investment in water treatment. Besides, we should ensure optimization at the planning level.

Solutions to Overcome this Problem

Close the running tap.

 During dishwashing and hand washing people often let the tap run. These running taps waste thousands of liters of water per year. Therefore, closing the tap will reduce this problem.

Replace Dripping Taps  

In India, it is commonly seen that most of the houses have taps or faucets that go on dripping water even when they are closed. This running tap wastes up to 30,000 liters of water that nobody bothers to change. So, we should replace these taps immediately.

Brief on Water Scarcity  

Water is a basic necessity for every living being.  Life without water is impossible, not just for us humans, but for all plants and animals too. Water scarcity is an issue of grave concern these days as water scarcity has become very common. Water is one of the most wasted natural resources and corrective measures should be taken before the water scarcity situation becomes worse. In spite of being aware of the implications, not much is being done today. 

In India, and across the world, it has been recorded that about half a billion people face a shortage of water for about six months annually. Many well-known cities around the world are facing acute scarcity of water. Many facts and figures are available to know about the water scarcity problem, but what are the reasons for this scarcity? 

With the growing population, the use of water has increased manifold. The lack of more freshwater sources and the increase in population is a major reason for this scarcity. The lack of proper Water management systems and proper drainage systems in India, especially in the urban areas is a major cause too. Kitchen wastewater should be able to be recycled but due to a poor drainage system, this is not possible. An efficient water management system is required in order to distribute water in urban areas.

Another major issue is Deforestation. Areas with more greenery and plants are known to have good rainfall.  Industrialisation and urbanization are two major factors here. Due to Deforestation, and cutting down of trees, rainfall has become an issue too.

Rivers are a major source of fresh water in India. Today we see a lot of industries that have come up and all of them are mostly near the rivers and these rivers become highly polluted as a result of all the industrial waste.

Effect of Global Warming and Climate Change

Global Warming and Climate Change are also responsible for the scarcity of water. The melting of icebergs into the sea due to the rise in temperatures is a reason as to how salty water is increasing day by day instead of freshwater. The percentage of rainfall has decreased drastically these days. Climate change along with the decrease in rainfall percentage has greatly affected freshwater bodies. 

Water scarcity has become a major problem and an alarming issue these days, and we must consciously strive to work together to find some solution to this issue of water scarcity. The Indian government today has formulated and come up with many plans on how to tackle and solve this problem.

To conclude, water scarcity has become an alarming issue day by day. If we do not take the problem of water scarcity seriously now, our future generations are going to suffer severely and may even have to buy this necessity at a high cost.

FAQs on Water Scarcity Essay

1.  What are the reasons for Water Scarcity?

The lack of proper Water Management and proper Drainage system plays a major role. Many other factors and reasons can be held responsible for the scarcity of water. Some of the major reasons are Global Warming and Climate Change; Pollution of the rivers due to industrialization; Deforestation and the cutting down of trees is another reason; Reduced percentage of rainfall due to the climate change pattern; Increase in the population which leads to increase in the use of water.  Learn more about water scarcity on Vedantu website helpful for long-term.

2. What is meant by the scarcity of water?

The scarcity of water means a shortage of water and not being able to manage the demand and supply of water. Water scarcity refers to the lack of freshwater bodies to meet the standard quantity and demand of water. Unequal distribution of water due to factors like Climate Change and Global Warming. Water Scarcity is also due to pollution and lack of rainfall. Water scarcity means a scarcity due to some physical scarcity or scarcity due to the lack of regular supply.

3. What are the two types of water scarcity?

Physical water scarcity is the result of regions' demand outpacing the limited water resources found in that location. According to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, about 1.2 billion people live in areas of physical scarcity and many of these people live in arid or semi-arid regions. People who are affected by this Physical kind of water scarcity are expected to grow as the population increases and as the weather patterns keep changing as a result of climate change.

Economic water scarcity is due to the lack of proper water infrastructure and a proper water management system or also because of poor management of water resources. The FAO estimates that more than 1.6 billion people face economic water shortages today. Economic water scarcity can also take place because of the unregulated use of water for agriculture and industry.

4.  How can we solve the problem?

Conscious awareness is required to deal with and understand the problem of water scarcity. We can start off by consciously saving water in our homes and surroundings.  Small easy steps like taking care when washing hands, or when working in the kitchen, have to be taken. The running water taps are a major reason for losing hundreds of liters of water on a daily basis. And we should be careful not to waste this water. Conscious decision to save and the need to understand the problem of water scarcity is of utmost importance.

5. How do we waste water?

Water is wasted in ways we do not even realize, in our homes and in our workplaces. When we brush our teeth, when we shave or when we wash the dishes, one of the most common things we do is to keep the water running, especially when running water is available. As soon as we begin cleaning or washing, we do not think of the water that is being wasted. While washing hands, we leave the water tap on, which results in wasting water too. Small things like these should be kept in mind and this could be our small step towards preserving water.

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Search UNICEF

• Water scarcity

Addressing the growing lack of available water to meet children’s needs.

• WASH and climate change

Even in countries with adequate water resources, water scarcity is not uncommon. Although this may be due to a number of factors — collapsed infrastructure and distribution systems, contamination, conflict, or poor management of water resources — it is clear that climate change, as well as human factors, are increasingly denying children their right to safe water and sanitation.

Water scarcity limits access to safe water for drinking and for practising basic hygiene at home, in schools and in health-care facilities. When water is scarce, sewage systems can fail and the threat of contracting diseases like cholera surges. Scarce water also becomes more expensive.

Water scarcity takes a greater toll on women and children because they are often the ones responsible for collecting it. When water is further away, it requires more time to collect, which often means less time at school. Particularly for girls, a shortage of water in schools impacts student enrolment, attendance and performance. Carrying water long distances is also an enormous physical burden and can expose children to safety risks and exploitation.

• Four billion people — almost two thirds of the world’s population —  experience severe water scarcity for at least one month each year.
• Over two billion people live in countries where water supply is inadequate.
• Half of the world’s population could be living in areas facing water scarcity by as early as 2025.
• Some 700 million people could be displaced by intense water scarcity by 2030.
• By 2040, roughly 1 in 4 children worldwide will be living in areas of extremely high water stress.

UNICEF’s response

As the factors driving water scarcity are complex and vary widely across countries and regions, UNICEF works at multiple levels to introduce context-specific technologies that increase access to safe water and address the impacts of water scarcity. We focus on:

Identifying new water resources : We assess the availability of water resources using various technologies, including remote sensing and geophysical surveys and field investigations.

Improving the efficiency of water resources : We rehabilitate urban water distribution networks and treatment systems to reduce water leakage and contamination, promoting wastewater reuse for agriculture to protect groundwater.

Planning for urban scarcity : We plan for future water needs by identifying available resources to reduce the risk of cities running out of water.

Expanding technologies to ensure climate resilience : We support and develop climate-resilient water sources, including the use of deeper groundwater reserves through solar-powered water networks. We also advance water storage through small-scale retention structures, managed aquifer recharge (where water is pumped into underground reserves to improve its quality), and rainwater harvesting.

Changing behaviours : We work with schools and communities to promote an understanding of the value of water and the importance of its protection, including by supporting environmental clubs in schools.

Planning national water needs : We work with key stakeholders at national and sub-national levels to understand the water requirements for domestic use and for health and sanitation, and advocate to ensure that this is reflected in national planning considerations.

Supporting the WASH sector : We develop technical guidance, manuals and online training programmes for WASH practitioners to improve standards for water access.

More from UNICEF

Water and the climate crisis: 10 things you should know

The world needs to get water smart. Everyone has a role to play, and we cannot afford to wait

The urgent need for a child-centred Loss and Damage Fund

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UNICEF and partners are monitoring, innovating and collaborating to tackle the climate crisis

Climate Crisis + Mental Health

Young people from Iraq, Lebanon, Morocco and the United Arab Emirates reflect on the links between the climate crisis and their mental health

Reimagining WASH: Water Security for All

Multi-tiered approaches to solving the water crisis in basra, iraq, increasing water security in gaza through seawater desalination, managed aquifer recharge (mar): protecting communities from saline intrusion of groundwater in costal areas of bangladesh, groundwater early warning system for the south of madagascar, combining manual drilling and solar energy to ensure drought resilience in mauritania, using gis and remote sensing to access water in the drought-prone areas of ethiopia and madagascar, multiples uses of water in madagascar: drinking water, agriculture and livestock, wash climate resilience – compendium of cases, thirsting for a future: water and children in a changing climate.

A trio of children bathe near the port area of Labuan Bajo on Flores Island, Indonesia.

Freshwater Crisis

There is the same amount of freshwater on earth as there always has been, but the population has exploded, leaving the world's water resources in crisis.

A Clean Water Crisis

The water you drink today has likely been around in one form or another since dinosaurs roamed the Earth , hundreds of millions of years ago.

While the amount of freshwater on the planet has remained fairly constant over time—continually recycled through the atmosphere and back into our cups—the population has exploded. This means that every year competition for a clean, copious supply of water for drinking, cooking, bathing, and sustaining life intensifies.

Water scarcity is an abstract concept to many and a stark reality for others. It is the result of myriad environmental, political, economic, and social forces.

Freshwater makes up a very small fraction of all water on the planet. While nearly 70 percent of the world is covered by water, only 2.5 percent of it is fresh. The rest is saline and ocean-based. Even then, just 1 percent of our freshwater is easily accessible, with much of it trapped in glaciers and snowfields. In essence, only 0.007 percent of the planet's water is available to fuel and feed its 6.8 billion people.

Due to geography, climate, engineering, regulation, and competition for resources, some regions seem relatively flush with freshwater, while others face drought and debilitating pollution. In much of the developing world, clean water is either hard to come by or a commodity that requires laborious work or significant currency to obtain.

Water Is Life

Wherever they are, people need water to survive. Not only is the human body 60 percent water, the resource is also essential for producing food, clothing, and computers, moving our waste stream, and keeping us and the environment healthy.

Unfortunately, humans have proved to be inefficient water users. (The average hamburger takes 2,400 liters, or 630 gallons, of water to produce, and many water-intensive crops, such as cotton, are grown in arid regions.)

According to the United Nations , water use has grown at more than twice the rate of population increase in the last century. By 2025, an estimated 1.8 billion people will live in areas plagued by water scarcity, with two-thirds of the world's population living in water-stressed regions as a result of use, growth, and climate change. The challenge we now face as we head into the future is how to effectively conserve, manage, and distribute the water we have.

Related Topics

• WATER POLLUTION
• FRESH WATER
• ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION
• WATER RESOURCES

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Water Scarcity Essay

Essay On Water Scarcity - People require water for various purposes like cooking, cleaning, drinking, and washing, to name a few. Animals need water for their bodies to function, plants need water to pull nutrients from the soil and stay nourished, and people need water for all the reasons mentioned above. Here are 100, 200 and 500 word essays on Water Scarcity.

The lack of freshwater supplies to meet water demand is known as water scarcity. Most nations today have regulations protecting water quality and limiting water usage. Water nourishes not only the soil but also the human body. Nothing can flourish without water. Here are some sample essays on “Water Scarcity”.

100 Words Essay On Water Scarcity

All life forms on this planet require water to survive. Limited freshwater supplies to meet huge water demand is known as water shortage. The water cycle is the process through which the water that is present on earth evaporates, transforms into a vapour cloud, and then precipitates when cold weather develops.

We don't pay much attention to water because it is used and needed by humans and nature every year, yet considering this, water is simply life above and beyond the chemical component. Since the issue has gotten so bad, many states' groundwater supplies are nearly entirely depleted, forcing residents to rely on water from other sources.

200 Words Essay On Water Scarcity

More than 70% of our body weight is made up of water. For the body to function properly, water is necessary. Additionally, water makes up more than 70% of the surface of the world. We should drink water every day as it improves the functions and well-being of our bodies. Water is also required for basic necessities. Since fresh water is the only source of usable water, it is necessary for all everyday activities as well as for human health and the existence of all other living things.

Need For Water

A significant problem that affects nearly half of the world's population is the lack of availability of freshwater. Water scarcity has a variety of effects on human lives, just like climate change and global warming. It makes it harder for humans to live in various parts of the world.

Water is now a vital prerequisite for humankind to thrive on Earth, and this is without debate. Water is also one of the natural resources that we still misuse the most. Given the way things seem these days, humanity is undoubtedly to blame for its scarcity. The global water crisis cannot entirely be attributed to population growth. One of the leading causes of water scarcity is irresponsible water consumption.

500 Words Essay On Water Scarcity

Every human needs water to survive, yet in the World today, water scarcity is a severe problem that is spreading quickly. Although it is the focal point of our existence, it is regrettably not our first focus.

Causes Of Water Scarcity

The leading causes of water scarcity are poor water management and the world's expanding population. A variety of additional man-made problems are also on the rise. Some of such issues are man-made construction obstructing groundwater from being recharged naturally, excess use in agriculture and not having a general sense of awareness of how to use and prevent water pollution are some of the reasons.

Natural Causes Of Water Scarcity

Water scarcity is a result of climate change and global warming as well. One explanation for how salty water is growing daily instead of freshwater is the melting of icebergs into oceans due to the increase in temperatures. The frequency of rain has sharply declined recently. Freshwater bodies have been significantly impacted by climate change, as well as a drop in rainfall percentage.

Water use has multiplied as a result of the expanding population. The decline in water bodies and the rise in population primarily causes this scarcity. Another important factor is India's inadequate drainage and water management systems, particularly in metropolitan areas. To deliver water in urban areas, an effective water management system is necessary.

Well, In the end, altering how this problem is seen requires educating people to encourage new behaviours. All kinds of consumption, from personal use to

the distribution networks of large organisations will need to undergo significant change to adapt to the upcoming era of water shortage.

My Experience

I woke up to the sound of my alarm, feeling a sense of dread wash over me as I remembered the water scarcity situation in my town. It was around April or May, which are considered the hottest months in my town. For weeks, there had been a drought which was getting worse, and the water levels in our water storage had been steadily dropping.

As I dressed for the day, I couldn't help but worry about the future. Water was becoming increasingly scarce, and there didn't seem to be any end to the drought. I knew that it would only be a matter of time before water rationing was put into place, and the thought of standing in line for hours just to get a few gallons of water was enough to make my stomach turn.

It was hard to ignore the signs of the water crisis around me. Lawns were brown and withered, plants were dying, and the normally bustling streets were strangely quiet. As I made my way to school, I started thinking about ways to prevent water wastage and fight this water scarcity. This whole incident made me realise the importance of water in our lives.

The scarcity of freshwater is becoming a severe problem. If we do not address the issue of water scarcity today, future generations will suffer greatly and may even be forced to pay a heavy price for this basic necessity.

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Essay on Water Scarcity 500+ Words

Water, a source of life and a symbol of purity, is a resource that we often take for granted. However, water scarcity is a growing global crisis that demands our attention. In this essay, we will explore the pressing issue of water scarcity, its causes and consequences, and the urgent need for sustainable solutions.

Understanding Water Scarcity

Water scarcity occurs when there is not enough clean, fresh water to meet the needs of a population. It is a complex issue influenced by factors like climate change, population growth, and mismanagement of water resources. According to the United Nations, over 2 billion people around the world already face water scarcity, and this number is expected to rise.

Causes of Water Scarcity

a. Climate Change : Changing weather patterns, including droughts and extreme heat, are disrupting water sources, making them less reliable.

b. Overpopulation : The world’s population is growing rapidly, leading to increased water demand for drinking, agriculture, and industry.

c. Pollution : Pollution from chemicals, sewage, and industrial waste contaminates water sources, making them unusable.

d. Wasteful Practices : Water wastage in agriculture, industry, and households contributes to scarcity.

Consequences of Water Scarcity

a. Health Issues : Lack of clean water can lead to waterborne diseases like cholera and dysentery, affecting millions, especially children.

b. Food Insecurity : Agriculture relies heavily on water, and water scarcity can lead to crop failures and food shortages.

c. Conflict : Water scarcity can trigger conflicts between communities and even nations fighting over limited water resources.

d. Ecosystem Damage : Wildlife and ecosystems suffer as water sources shrink, impacting biodiversity.

Solutions to Water Scarcity

a. Water Conservation : Simple steps like fixing leaks, using water-saving appliances, and practicing responsible water use at home can make a significant difference.

b. Improved Infrastructure : Building and maintaining water supply and sanitation systems can help reduce water losses.

c. Rainwater Harvesting : Collecting rainwater for household use and agriculture can help mitigate scarcity.

d. Desalination : Technology to turn seawater into freshwater is an option for regions with limited freshwater sources.

The Role of Education

Education plays a crucial role in raising awareness about water scarcity. Schools and communities can educate people about responsible water use and the importance of conservation. Students can become water ambassadors, spreading the message about the need to protect our water resources.

Global Efforts to Combat Water Scarcity

International organizations like the United Nations and NGOs are working to address water scarcity on a global scale. They provide funding, expertise, and resources to implement sustainable water management practices in affected regions. Collaboration between countries and communities is key to finding solutions.

Conclusion of Essay on Water Scarcity

In conclusion, water scarcity is a pressing global issue that affects people, ecosystems, and economies. Understanding its causes and consequences is the first step in finding solutions. It is essential for individuals, communities, and governments to take action by conserving water, improving infrastructure, and supporting sustainable practices. Education and global cooperation are vital in our fight against water scarcity. By working together, we can ensure that future generations have access to the life-sustaining resource of clean, fresh water. Water is precious, and its conservation is our collective responsibility.

Also Check: The Essay on Essay: All you need to know

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Essay on Water Conservation: Samples in 150, 200, 250 Words

• Updated on  
• Oct 17, 2023

What makes you curious to write an essay on water conservation? This life-saving resource is essential for all forms of life on Earth. Water is the essential natural resource present on Earth. Out of the total water present on Earth, 97.5% is salt water and 2.5% is fresh water. 70% of the human body is made of water. But, with the growing population , and climatic crisis , we are facing the urgent need to conserve water.

Water conservation is a hot topic, if you need a sample essay on water conservation then, you are at the right place. In this blog post, we have covered essays on water conservation in 100, 200, and 250 words. So, stay tuned and read further to get some ideas about water conservation!

Table of Contents

• 1 Essay on Water Conservation in 100 Words
• 2 Essay on Water Conservation in 200 Words
• 3.1 Water Scarcity
• 3.2 Ways to Conserve Water

Also Read: World Water Day

Essay on Water Conservation in 100 Words

Water is crucial for all components of life which makes it a necessary resource for day-to-day activities. We use water for domestic activities like cooking, bathing, drinking, washing, etc. So, ultimately the consumption of water is very high. This makes it necessary to conserve water. Just as air, water is also important for life. Besides, water consumption, water pollution, and water scarcity are also some of the major water-related issues that need attention so that we can conserve water.

Every year we celebrate World Water Day on 22 March. This day is celebrated to spread awareness about the importance of water and run campaigns to conserve water on Earth. There are several ways to conserve water such as switching to showers, turning off taps when not in use, don’t pollute water bodies, storing rainwater, etc.

Also Read: Essay on Water Pollution

Essay on Water Conservation in 200 Words

Water is one of the Earth’s most precious resources. But the world is facing water scarcity. As per the SDA report 2022, around 2 billion people worldwide are lacking safe drinking water. This means they are more vulnerable to diseases and unhealthy life. 

Apart from the increasing population, climatic change is also hampering the quality of water. Floods and Droughts are more frequent due to the vulnerability of climate, thereby increasing the need to conserve water.

Water conservation is vital to meet the growing global demand for fresh water. Water consumption is very high for agriculture, industry, and households. By conserving water, we can ensure that there is a surplus amount of water to use and avoid conflicts over this limited resource.

Water conservation helps to maintain a balance in the ecosystem because every living thing on this planet is directly associated with the use of water. Reducing water consumption reduces the energy footprint associated with water supply.

The best ways of water conservation are rainwater harvesting , installing water plants, reusing water for gardening purposes, turning off taps when not in use, proper irrigation, installing automatic tap shut-off devices, not polluting water sources, and many more.

If we don’t want to witness the world die due to water scarcity then, it’s high time to conserve water and save the planet and future generations.

Also Read: Essay on Save Water

Also Read: Speech on Save Water

Water Conservation Essay 250 Words

Water conservation is a crucial step in protecting the environment. It is an important compound that supports life on Earth. The world has been facing water-related disasters due to scarcity of freshwater. 70% of the earth as well as the human body is composed of water, but there is a limited amount of freshwater to use. Owing to the ever-increasing population, climatic changes, global warming, and pollution, the need for the conservation of water is increasing. To do so, it is our fundamental duty to conserve water by planting more trees, managing water plants, storing rainwater, and making smart use of water. 

Water Scarcity

Water scarcity is a critical global issue that needs strict attention when the demand for freshwater exceeds the available supply of water. It can manifest in various ways, including a lack of access to clean drinking water, inadequate water for agriculture and industrial processes, and stressed or depleted natural water sources. 

Here are some factors that contribute to water scarcity:

• Climate change
• Growing population
• Global warming
• Inefficient water management
• Water pollution
• Increasing demand
• Poor irrigation techniques
• Wastage of water, and much more.

Ways to Conserve Water

Conserving water is crucial to help address water scarcity and ensure a sustainable water supply for both present and future generations. You can contribute individually by taking small measures to conserve water like turning off the tap. Likewise, here are some ways to conserve water:

• Drip irrigation technique
• Soil management
• Plantation of drought-tolerant crops
• Apply Mulching
• Recycle and reuse water
• Rainwater harvesting
• Desalination
• Spread awareness to conserve water
• Donate to the water cleaning campaign
• Implement proper water management techniques.

Also Read: Types of Water Pollution

Related Articles:

Water conservation is the individual or collective practice of efficient use of water. This helps in protecting the earth from the situation of water scarcity. We can individually contribute to water conservation by not wasting water, reducing the over-consumption of water, rainwater harvesting, etc. Water conservation is an important call because there is a limited amount of fresh water available on earth.

Here are 10 ways to save water. 1. Rainwater harvesting 2 Install water plants 3. Reuse water 4. Maintain proper water management plans 5. Fix the irrigation system 6. Use a bucket 7. Turn off the tap when not in use 8. Keep a regular check on pipe leakage 9. Do not pollute water bodies 10. Participate in water cleaning campaigns

Here are 5 points on the importance of water conservation: It helps the ecosystem; Water conservation is necessary for drought-prone areas; It helps reduce costs; Water conservation improves the quality of water; and Maintains the health of the aquatic ecosystem.

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Home — Essay Samples — Environment — Water — The Importance of Water: The Vital Essence

The Importance of Water: The Vital Essence

• Categories: Nutrition Water

About this sample

Words: 652 |

Published: Sep 7, 2023

Words: 652 | Page: 1 | 4 min read

Table of contents

Water and human health, environmental balance, agriculture and food security, industrial and economic significance, challenges of water scarcity and pollution, responsible water management.

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Essay on Water Scarcity for Students in English [Easy Words*]

January 16, 2021 by Sandeep

Essay on Water Scarcity : Poor water resources management and ever-increasing population have created a global water crisis. The value of water is undoubtedly undermined, and we see a lack of optimization and planning by authorities. Taps running dry in many areas are a clear indication of the alarming situation. The government’s huge demand-supply gap and apathy have further worsened the situation. Groundwater systems have almost dried up, and many areas don’t have access to clean drinking water.

Essay on Water Scarcity 500 Words in English

Below we have provided Water Scarcity Essay in English, suitable for class 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10.

Water scarcity means a lack of sufficient water supplies to meet water consumption demands in an area. Water stress, water shortages and water crises are all involved. While water stress is relatively newer, it is challenging to obtain freshwater sources to use over the long term. It could lead to further depletion and deterioration of the existing water resources. Water shortages could be caused by a change in climates, such as changing weather patterns, including droughts or floods.

Water scarcity can come as a result of two mechanisms: the physical (absolute) shortage of water and the economic shortage of water where the physical shortages of natural water supplies are a result of inadequate natural water resources to meet the needs of one country, and the economic shortage of water due to poor management of adequate water resources available.

Causes of Water Scarcity

The shortage of water is mostly a human-made activity because of excess population growth and water resources mismanagement. Some of the critical reasons for water shortages are:

India belongs to the world’s leading producers of farm products, and therefore the consumption of water for irrigation is amongst the highest. Traditional irrigation technology causes the most considerable loss of water due to evaporation, runoff, percolation, water distribution and over-use of groundwater. As more areas are subjected to conventional irrigation methods, the stress for water available for other purposes will continue. The solution lies in a broad application of micro-irrigation methods, including drips and sprinklers irrigation.

Rapid development is ignoring the conventional bodies of water that have also been a source of groundwater recovery. Traditional aquifers must urgently be rekindled, and new ones must be implemented. Government intervention is urgently needed at the source to address this problem. Lack of on-time de-silting in large water systems which can increase the potential for monsoon water storage is another reason for the scarcity of water. Shockingly, governments at state levels have not taken this up on priority as an annual practice. This alone will add considerably to the storage levels of water.

Rising concretisation due to urban growth that has chocked groundwater sources has exacerbated the problem. Water is not recharged or stored in ways that make its use efficient while retaining the natural ingredients of water. Besides, it severely reduces the availability of drinking water through the entry of waste and industrial waste into water systems. In these areas, marine life is already mostly extinct. This is the source of an emerging crisis that is very serious. We can never find sustainable solutions if we do not understand the source of the problem.

Solutions to Overcome Water Scarcity Problems

There is a large amount of water lost while washing the dishes at home. Our methods of washing dishes must be modified, and the habit of water running must be reduced. A small step here can make substantial water savings. The priority must be given to water infrastructure improvements as water conservation, and efficiency is critical elements in sustainable water management.

India’s Water Crisis – How to Solve it?

From Current Affairs Notes for UPSC » Editorials & In-depths » This topic

Water is the most valuable natural resource as it is essential for human survival and life on earth. However, the availability of freshwater for human consumption is highly under stress because of a variety of factors. This crisis of water scarcity is most visible in India as well as in other developing countries.

This topic of “India’s Water Crisis – How to Solve it?” is important from the perspective of the UPSC IAS Examination , which falls under General Studies Portion.

What is water scarcity?

• Water scarcity is the lack of freshwater resources to satisfy water demand.
• It is manifested by partial or no satisfaction of expressed demand, economic competition for water quantity or quality, disputes between users, irreversible groundwater depletion, and negative effects on the environment.
• It affects every continent and was categorised in 2019 by the World Economic Forum as one of the largest global risks with respect to its potential impact over the next decade.
• One-third of the global population (2 billion people) live under situations of severe water scarcity at least one month of the year.
• Half a billion people in the world affected by severe water scarcity all year round.
• Half of the world’s largest cities have been facing water scarcity.

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How is the water scarcity measured?

• The absolute minimum water requirement for domestic usage is 50 litres per person per day, though 100-200 litres is often recommended.
• Considering the needs of agriculture, industry and energy sectors, the recommended minimum annual per capita requirement is about 1700 cubic meters .
• If a country like India has only about 1700 cu. meters water per person per year, it will experience only occasional or local water distress .
• If the availability falls below this threshold level, the country will start to experience periodic or regular water stress .
• If the water availability declines below 1000 cu. meters, the country will suffer from chronic water scarcity . Lack of water will then start to severely affect human health and well-being as well as economic development.
• If the annual per capita supply declines below 500 cu. meters, the country will reach the stage of absolute scarcity .

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What is the status of water availability in India?

• India receives 4000 bcm (billion cubic metres) rainfall each year. Out of this, 1869 bcm remains after evaporation = The actual availability is only 1137 bcm.
• Even in that 1137 bcm of water, there is a lot of temporal as well as regional variations in the availability.
• For instance, on the one side, there are water surplus states such as Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh and on the other side, there are water scarce states such as Maharashtra (Vidarbha, Beed), Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan and parts of Gujarat.
• Moreover, some states that are known to be water abundant such as Punjab, Haryana have their own issues.

What is the magnitude of the water crisis in India?

• Currently, the annual availability of water is 1123 bcm in India and the demand is around 750 bcm. However, by 2050 the annual demand for water will be 1180 bcm which will exceed the water availability = wide ramifications for the country.
• 70% of India’s water is contaminated.
• 75% of households do not have drinking water on its premises.
• 84% of rural households do not have access to piped water.
• 54% of the country’s groundwater is declining rapidly than it is being replenished.
• India’s water table is declining in most regions. Also, there is a presence of toxic elements like fluoride, arsenic, mercury, even uranium in our groundwater.
• Water levels in India’s major reservoirs have fallen to 21% of the average of the last decade.
• Hundreds of small and seasonal rivers are perishing permanently.
• Almost all the major perennial rivers remain stagnant.
• Cauvery and its tributaries haven’t met the ocean for decades; the upstream dams choke its flows downstream, affecting people in Tamil Nadu.
• Krishna river runs dry in her delta region for most of the year.
• According to NITI Aayog’s water quality index, India ranks 120 th among 122 countries.

What is the recent water crisis in India?

• Maharashtra is facing a water crisis of unprecedented proportions. After years of drought, the river currents have ebbed, water in dams and reservoirs have depleted and over-exploitation of groundwater has raised concerns regarding the long-term availability of water.
• Meanwhile, media reports claim IT firms in Chennai are asking employees to work from home. The reason is that they don’t have enough water to sustain their operations. It hasn’t rained for almost 200 days in the city and it may not get adequate rain to get over the water crisis for the next 3 months.
• In North India, the people of arid Thar Desert of Rajasthan are spending Rs. 2500 for getting 2500 litres of water which they share with their cattle.
• With Punjab facing the threat of desertification and the state struggling to break away from the wheat-paddy cycle, farmers in the state have been adopting a decade-old scheme to utilise underground pipeline system for irrigation.
• In light of this crisis, Central government on its part has created a Jal Shakti Ministry under a full-fledged cabinet minister to resolve the water crisis but a lot more needs to be done.

What are the reasons for this crisis?

Monsoon dependence:.

There is a huge dependence on monsoon rains to replenish most of India’s important water sources such as underground aquifers, lakes, rivers, and reservoirs . But monsoon is vulnerable to factors such as climate change, El-Nino , etc.

Uneven distribution of water and Rainfall pattern :

Certain regions have surplus amounts of water for their need while others face perennial droughts for most of the year. For instance, Drought is a recurrent phenomenon in Andhra Pradesh where no district is entirely free of droughts. Rajasthan is one of the most drought-prone areas of India.

Increasing demand :

Population growth, industrialization, rapid urbanisation, rising needs of irrigation and increase in domestic water usage have accelerated the demand for water. Since urbanization increases in India at a rapid pace = water demand will increase rapidly as city dwellers consume more water than rural people.

Urbanisation & Water scarcity:

• Currently, about 285 million or 33% of India’s total population resides in urban areas. By 2050 this figure will reach 50%.
• Rapid urbanisation is adding to the water scarcity issue in the country.
• Presence of buildings, tar, and cement roads = even if a city like Mumbai gets good rains, the rainwater is not retained in the area as the water is not allowed to percolate underground.
• Therefore, water required for cities is largely drawn from neighbouring villages and far-off rivers and lakes = threatening the availability in those areas.
• Large cities also generate large quantities of urban sewage which pollutes the freshwater sources and ocean waters. However, only about 20% of urban wastewater is currently treated globally. In India, the figure is even lower.

Overexploitation :

• In developing countries like India, groundwater fulfills nearly 80% of irrigation requirement = resulted in a fast depletion of groundwater sources.
• Free power and inefficient utilisation of water by farmers has added to the issue of groundwater depletion.
• The groundwater and sand extraction from most river beds and basins has turned unsustainable.
• Tanks and ponds are encroached upon.
• Dug-wells and borewells are carelessly built to slide deeper and deeper to suck water from greater depths.

Shift to cash-crops:

Water is being diverted from food crops to cash crops that consume an enormous quantity of water.

Inefficient cultivation practices:

• In India, around 70% of the population is still dependent on agriculture for its livelihood.
• Since the adoption of Green Revolution in the 1960s, nearly 50% of the food production comes from irrigated land.
• But inefficient cultivation practices have led to the flooding of fertile land which in turn has caused salinization, siltation of reservoirs, etc = causing groundwater reserves of major agricultural states to be depleted at an alarming rate.

Water Pollution :

• Release of industrial and domestic waste, including urban sewage, into rivers, lakes, and estuaries has polluted freshwater sources at an alarming rate in India = those fresh water sources are not fit for drinking or other activities.
• Eutrophication of surface water and coastal zones is expected to increase almost everywhere leads to nitrogen pollution .

What are the impacts of the water crisis?

Economic growth: A Niti Aayog report predicted that water demand will be twice the present supply by 2030 and India could lose up to 6% of its GDP during that time.

Power supply: Water shortages are hurting India’s capacity to generate electricity because 40% of thermal power plants are located in areas where water scarcity is high.

Agricultural crisis: Indian agriculture is heavily dependent on monsoon (not dependable) + Ineffective agricultural practices in irrigated areas = Water stress in agriculture = Poor Cultivation = Farmer suicides .

Drinking water scarcity: Not only farmers are affected by the water crisis, urban dwellers in cities and towns across India are also facing a never seen before drinking water scarcity.

Conflicts over water : In India, there are conflicts between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu over sharing of Cauvery waters, between Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh over sharing of Narmada waters, between Andhra Pradesh and Telangana over sharing of Krishna waters, etc.

What are the measures taken by the government?

Across the country, states are taking the lead:.

• In Rajasthan, there is a scheme named ‘Mukhya Mantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan’. One of its objectives is to facilitate effective implementation of water conservation and water harvesting related activities in rural areas.
• Maharashtra has launched a project called ‘Jalyukt-Shivar’, which seeks to make 5000 villages free of water scarcity every year.
• accelerating the development of minor irrigation infrastructure,
• strengthening community-based irrigation management and
• adopting a comprehensive programme for restoration of tanks.

Jal Shakti Abhiyan:

• It is a collaborative initiative of various Union Ministries and State Governments, being coordinated by the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation (DDWS).
• Focus Area: is water-stressed districts (256) and blocks (1592).
• Team: Central government officers, headed by joint secretaries and additional secretaries, are assigned to these 256 districts and district administration will also select 2 members to join the team. This team of officers from the central government and district administration will visit and work on water-stressed districts and blocks to ensure water conservation initiatives.
• The campaign is centered on 5 aspects
• Water conservation and rainwater harvesting
• Renovation of traditional and other water bodies/tanks
• Reuse of water and recharging of structures like bore well
• Watershed development
• Intensive afforestation
• Significance: With this initiative, the government seeks to provide drinking water to all households on a priority and in a sustainable way. It is also expected to bring a positive mindset in people for water conservation. The campaign will assist people to work for rainwater harvesting, maintenance, and upkeep of ponds and village tanks and conservation of water.

Jal Shakti Mantralaya

• The government has created a new Ministry named ‘Jal Shakti’after merging Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation with the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation.
• Providing clean drinking water,
• International and inter-states water disputes,
• Namami Gange project aimed at cleaning Ganga and its tributaries, and sub-tributaries.
• The ministry will launch the government’s ambitious plan (‘Nal se Jal’ scheme under jal jivan plan) to provide piped drinking water supply to every household in India by 2024.
• This Move seeks to consolidate the administration and bringing water-related issues such as conservation, development, management, and abatement of pollution under a single ministry.
• National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) is responsible for implementing the centrally sponsored national river conservation plan for all rivers across the country except river Ganga and its tributaries (as issues regarding Ganga and its tributaries are taken up by National Mission for Clean Ganga).

Jal Jeevan Mission *

Atal Bhujal Yojana *

•  It is a world bank funded central scheme that aims to improve groundwater management at the national level… Read More .

Can a new water ministry tackle the worst water crisis in Indian history?

• Experts are of the opinion that an exclusive ministry can only bring about a cosmetic but not a real change.
• Water is a state subject = Unless states make specific requests the centre cannot intervene.

What are the solutions to the water crisis in India?

Good water management practices :

• India receives adequate annual rainfall through the south-west monsoon. However, most regions of the country are still water deficient mainly because of inefficient water management practices.
• Rainwater harvesting should be encouraged on a large scale, especially, in cities where the surface runoff of rainwater is very high.
• Roof-top rainwater harvesting can also be utilised to recharge groundwater by digging percolation pits around the house and filling it with gravel.
• Indian cities need to learn from Cape Town of South Africa which when faced with the water crisis in 2018 had announced “ Day Zero “. During that day, water-taps in the city turned off = people had to use communal water-taps to conserve water. Restrictions on water use per person were also fixed.
• Since water is a state subject in India state governments should take active measures and create awareness for the minimal use of water.

Interlinking of rivers :

• Interlinking of rivers is a topic that has been discussed and debated for several years as a possible permanent solution to the water crisis in the country.
• The 3 primary advantages mentioned in favour of the scheme are (1) droughts will never occur (2) there will be no more floods in the major rivers and (3) an additional 30,000 MW of hydropower will be generated.

Coordination in aquifer usage: There is an urgent need for coordination among users for aquifers. There should be laws and contracts for sharing of aquifers. Groundwater aquifer mapping has started only recently in India which is a welcome step.

River basin authority: There should be a River Basin Authority for sharing information among states since most of the rivers in India pass through different states.

Coordinated efforts among states for management of groundwater at a localized level.

Community-level management: At the village level, there can be decentralized management of water at the community level.

Charging money for efficient use of water (like electricity). For example- Water ATMs at Marathwada provide water @25 paisa per litre a day.

Good Cultivation practices:

• Changing the cropping pattern, crop diversification and encouraging water use efficiency in agriculture by moving towards food crops from cash crops.
• Innovative farming practices like precision farming , zero budget natural farming , etc. could be employed for efficient water utilisation.

Incentive-based water conservation in rural parts of the water-stressed regions is another solution.

• For example, if a particular level of groundwater level is maintained, higher MSP can be provided to the farmers of that region.
• MSP can also be provided based on crop’s water usage = Crops that consume a high amount of water will get less MSP.

Way forward

India is not a water deficit country, but due to severe neglect and lack of monitoring of water resource development projects, many regions in the country face water stress from time to time. Therefore balancing water demand with available supply is the need of the hour for future economic growth and development as well as for the sustenance of human life.

New National Water Policy (NWP)

In November 2019, the Ministry of Jal Shakti had set up a committee to draft the new National Water Policy (NWP). This was the first time that the government asked a committee of independent experts to draft the policy.

Highlights of NWP

1) demand-side: diversification of public procurement operations.

• Irrigation utilizes 80-90% of India’s water , most of which is used by rice, wheat, and sugarcane.
• Therefore, crop diversification is the single most crucial step in addressing India’s water crisis.
• The policy recommends diversifying public procurement operations to include Nutri-cereals, pulses, and oilseeds.
• This would incentivize farmers to diversify their cropping patterns, resulting in huge savings of water.

2) Reduce-Recycle-Reuse

• Reduce-Recycle-Reuse has been suggested as the basic mantra of integrated urban water supply and wastewater management, with the treatment of sewage and eco-restoration of urban river stretches, as far as possible via decentralised wastewater management.
• All non-potable use like flushing, fire protection, vehicle washing should mandatorily shift to treated wastewater.

3) Supply-side measure: Using technology to use stored water in dams

• Within supply-side options, the NWP points to trillions of litres stored in big dams, that are still not reaching farmers.
• NWP recommends how the irrigated areas could be considerably expanded at very low cost by using pressurised closed conveyance pipelines, in addition to Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)  systems and pressurised micro-irrigation.

4) Supply of water through “nature-based solutions”

• The NWP places major importance on the supply of water via “nature-based solutions” like the rejuvenation of catchment areas, to be incentivised through compensation for ecosystem services.
• Specially curated “blue-green infrastructure” like rain gardens and bio-swales, restored rivers with wet meadows, wetlands constructed for bio-remediation, urban parks, permeable pavements, green roofs etc are suggested for urban areas.

5) Sustainable and equitable management of groundwater

• Information on  aquifer boundaries , water storage capacities and flows provided in a user-friendly manner to stakeholders, assigned as custodians of their aquifers, would allow them to create protocols for effective management of groundwater.

6) Rights of Rivers

• The NWP accords river protection and revitalisation prior and primary importance.
• Steps to restore river flows include: Re-vegetation of catchments, regulation of groundwater extraction, river-bed pumping and mining of sand and boulders.
• The NWP outlines a process to draft a  Rights of Rivers Act,  including their right to flow, to meander and to meet the sea.

7) Emphasis on water quality

• The new NWP considers water quality as the most serious un-addressed issue in India today.
• It proposes that every water ministry, at the Centre and states,  include a water quality department.
• The policy advocates adoption of state-of-the-art, low-cost, low-energy, eco-sensitive  technologies for sewage treatment.
• Widespread use of  reverse osmosis has led to huge water wastage  and adverse impact on water quality.
• The policy wants  RO units to be discouraged  if the total dissolved solids count in water is less than 500mg/L.
• It suggests a  task force on emerging water contaminants  to better understand and tackle the threats they are likely to pose.

8) Reforming governance of water

• The policy makes radical proposals for improving the governance of water, which suffers from three kinds of issues: That between irrigation and drinking water, surface and groundwater, as also water and wastewater.
• Government departments, working in silos, have generally dealt with just one side of these binaries.
• Dealing with drinking water and irrigation in silos has meant that aquifers providing assured sources of drinking water dry up because the same aquifers are used for irrigation, which consumes much more water.
• And when  water and wastewater are separated in planning,  the result is a fall in water quality.

9) Creation of National Water Commission

• The NWP also suggests the creation of a unified multi-disciplinary, multi-stakeholder National Water Commission (NWC), which would become an exemplar for states to follow.
• Governments should build enduring  partnerships with primary stakeholders of water , who must become an integral part of the NWC and its counterparts in the states.

How Gujarat transformed from Water-deficit state to surplus state?

• The Gujarat government created the state-level Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geoinformatics (BISAG) to aid in the supply of services and solutions for the deployment of map-based GeoSpatial Information Systems.
• Micro-level check dams.
• Macro-level projects particularly in the Saurashtra, Kutch, and North Gujarat areas.
• Gujarat launched the Kutch branch canal from the Narmada Main canal, which helps provide water to the most distant parts.
• Sujalam Sufalam Yojana: to irrigate the areas of North Gujarat.
• The SAUNI Yojana (Saurashtra Narmada Avtaran Irrigation Yojana), which means literally “reincarnation of the Narmada River in the region,” was thus introduced.
• Administrative and Governance reforms.

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Essay On Water Scarcity For Students And Children

Table of Contents

Essay On Water Scarcity: Water, the essence of life, is under threat in many parts of the world due to growing water scarcity. It is a global challenge caused by factors like overuse, pollution, and climate change. Water scarcity leads to droughts, crop failures, and waterborne diseases, affecting millions of people worldwide. To combat this crisis, efficient water management, conservation, and responsible usage are vital. In this blog, we will explore the concept of water scarcity, its causes and consequences, and provide sample essays of various lengths (100, 300, 400, and 500 words) to help you grasp the critical issue of water scarcity.

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Long and Short Essays On Water Scarcity

Short essay on water scarcity in 100 words.

Title: Understanding Water Scarcity

Water scarcity is a pressing issue that arises when the demand for freshwater exceeds its sustainable availability. It is a complex problem influenced by various factors, including population growth, urbanization, pollution, and climate change. Regions suffering from water scarcity often experience droughts, decreased agricultural productivity, and conflicts over water resources.

The consequences of water scarcity are far-reaching. It affects not only access to clean drinking water but also agriculture, sanitation, and industry. In many parts of the world, communities struggle to secure a sufficient and reliable supply of water for their daily needs.

Addressing water scarcity requires a multifaceted approach. Conservation efforts, such as reducing water wastage and adopting efficient irrigation techniques, play a crucial role. Additionally, the responsible management of water resources, including protecting freshwater ecosystems and reducing pollution, is essential.

Water Scarcity Essay in 300 Words

Title: the global challenge of water scarcity.

Water scarcity is a worldwide concern that arises when the demand for fresh water surpasses its sustainable supply. It is a complex issue driven by various factors, including population growth, urbanization, pollution, and climate change. Regions grappling with water scarcity face severe consequences, from compromised access to clean drinking water to agricultural challenges and potential conflicts over dwindling water resources.

One of the primary causes of water scarcity is overuse and mismanagement of water resources. Growing populations and urbanization lead to increased water consumption for drinking, sanitation, and industrial purposes. Agriculture, a significant water consumer, often employs inefficient irrigation methods that waste valuable water resources.

Pollution further exacerbates water scarcity. Contaminants from industrial discharges, agricultural runoff, and untreated sewage can render water sources unusable. This pollution not only reduces the available freshwater but also poses health risks to those who rely on it.

Climate change compounds the problem by altering precipitation patterns and increasing the frequency and severity of droughts. This further strains already fragile water supplies in many regions.

The consequences of water scarcity are dire. Communities lacking access to clean drinking water are at risk of waterborne diseases, malnutrition, and even death. Agriculture, a foundation of many economies, suffers from decreased crop yields and livestock productivity, leading to food insecurity.

To combat water scarcity, a multifaceted approach is essential. Conservation efforts, such as reducing water wastage and adopting efficient irrigation techniques, can help alleviate the strain on water resources. Sustainable agricultural practices, including drought-resistant crops and responsible water usage, are crucial.

Moreover, the responsible management of water resources is paramount. This includes protecting and restoring freshwater ecosystems, reducing pollution, and ensuring equitable access to water for all communities. International cooperation and awareness are also vital in addressing this global challenge.

Water Scarcity Essay in 400 Words

Title: water scarcity: a looming global crisis.

Water scarcity is a looming global crisis that threatens the availability of clean and safe drinking water for millions of people. It occurs when the demand for freshwater exceeds its sustainable supply, leading to severe consequences for communities, ecosystems, and economies.

The causes of water scarcity are multifaceted, with population growth, urbanization, pollution, and climate change at the forefront. As the global population continues to rise, so does the demand for water. Rapid urbanization leads to increased water usage for domestic, industrial, and agricultural purposes.

Agriculture, a significant water consumer, often employs outdated and inefficient irrigation methods, resulting in water wastage. Pollution, whether from industrial discharges, agricultural runoff, or untreated sewage, further diminishes the quality and availability of freshwater resources.

Climate change adds another layer of complexity to the issue. Altered precipitation patterns and more frequent and severe droughts exacerbate water scarcity in vulnerable regions. As climate change continues to intensify, so too will the challenges posed by water scarcity.

The consequences of water scarcity are profound and far-reaching. Communities lacking access to clean drinking water face a heightened risk of waterborne diseases, malnutrition, and even death. Agriculture, the backbone of many economies, grapples with decreased crop yields and livestock productivity, contributing to food insecurity.

To address water scarcity, a comprehensive approach is imperative. Conservation efforts, including reducing water wastage and adopting efficient irrigation techniques, play a crucial role in alleviating the strain on water resources. Sustainable agricultural practices, such as drought-resistant crops and responsible water usage, are essential for long-term food security.

Furthermore, the responsible management of water resources is paramount. Protecting and restoring freshwater ecosystems, reducing pollution, and ensuring equitable access to water for all communities are fundamental steps. International cooperation is vital to tackle this global challenge effectively.

In conclusion, water scarcity is a critical issue that demands immediate attention and concerted efforts on a global scale. The causes of water scarcity are complex and interrelated, making it imperative to address multiple aspects simultaneously. By implementing sustainable practices, conserving water resources, and promoting responsible management, we can work towards a future where clean and safe water is accessible to all.

Long Essay on Water Scarcity in 500 Words

Title: addressing the crisis of water scarcity.

Introduction:

Water is an indispensable resource that sustains life on our planet. However, despite covering 71% of the Earth’s surface, fresh and accessible water is becoming increasingly scarce. Water scarcity, a pressing global issue, arises due to a range of factors, including climate change, population growth, and unsustainable water management practices. This essay will analyze the causes and consequences of water scarcity, discuss potential solutions, and emphasize the urgent need for sustainable water management.

Causes of Water Scarcity:

Climate change plays a significant role in exacerbating water scarcity. Rising temperatures and altered precipitation patterns lead to extreme weather events, such as droughts and floods, disrupting the water cycle and diminishing the availability of freshwater. Moreover, population growth strains water resources, as more individuals require clean water for domestic, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Inefficient water management practices, including pollution and overextraction, further compound the problem.

Consequences of Water Scarcity:

Water scarcity has severe consequences for both human populations and ecosystems. In regions experiencing water scarcity, people are often deprived of clean drinking water, leading to increased waterborne diseases and compromised public health. Lack of water for agricultural irrigation significantly impacts food production, leading to increased food prices and potential famine. Ecosystems are also at risk as depleted water sources disrupt the delicate balance of ecosystems, affecting biodiversity and leading to the collapse of fragile ecosystems.

Solutions to Water Scarcity:

To address water scarcity, a multi-faceted approach is necessary. Investing in infrastructure for water storage, such as dams and reservoirs, can help regulate water flow during periods of abundance for use during dry times. Promoting water conservation and efficiency practices in agriculture and industry can help reduce excessive water consumption. Additionally, implementing effective water treatment and purification technologies can ensure the safe reuse of wastewater for non-drinking purposes, thereby reducing the pressure on freshwater resources.

Urgent Need for Sustainable Water Management:

The urgency of sustainable water management cannot be overstated. Governments, international organizations, and communities must prioritize water conservation strategies, including the protection of watersheds, the promotion of rainwater harvesting, and the prevention of water pollution. Public awareness campaigns and education can play a crucial role in reducing water wastage and fostering responsible water use. Furthermore, international cooperation is essential to manage transboundary water resources effectively and prevent potential conflicts over water scarcity.

Conclusion:

Water scarcity poses a significant threat to human well-being and environmental sustainability. Climate change, population growth, and unsustainable water management practices are driving forces behind this growing crisis. Mitigating water scarcity requires immediate action at local, national, and global levels. By implementing sustainable water management practices, fostering water conservation, and raising awareness about the issue, we can ensure the availability and accessibility of clean water for present and future generations. Only through collective efforts can we alleviate this global water crisis and strive towards a more sustainable water future.

FAQs on Essay on Water Scarcity

What is water scarcity.

Water scarcity is a situation where the demand for clean and safe drinking water exceeds its available supply, leading to inadequate access to this essential resource.

What causes water scarcity?

Water scarcity is primarily caused by factors such as population growth, urbanization, pollution, and climate change, which strain and deplete freshwater sources.

What can be done to address water scarcity?

Addressing water scarcity requires a multifaceted approach, including water conservation, sustainable agricultural practices, responsible water management, pollution reduction, and international cooperation.

Why is water scarcity a global crisis?

Water scarcity is a global crisis because it threatens the availability of clean and safe drinking water for millions of people worldwide, impacting communities, ecosystems, and economies.

What is water scarcity paragraph?

Water scarcity refers to the critical situation in which there is an insufficient supply of fresh and clean water to meet the needs of a specific region's population. It arises from various factors, including overpopulation, excessive water use, pollution, climate change, and mismanagement of water resources. The consequences of water scarcity can be severe, impacting access to safe drinking water, agriculture, sanitation, and overall quality of life.

What is water scarcity 5 points?

Water scarcity can be summarized in five key points: It occurs when the demand for clean water exceeds its sustainable supply. Causes include population growth, urbanization, pollution, climate change, and mismanagement. Consequences encompass waterborne diseases, food insecurity, and environmental degradation. Solutions involve water conservation, sustainable practices, and responsible management. International cooperation is crucial in addressing this global challenge.

What are 5 facts about water scarcity?

Five important facts about water scarcity are: Over 2 billion people worldwide lack access to safe drinking water. Water scarcity affects nearly every continent and is not limited to arid regions. Agriculture consumes about 70% of global freshwater resources. Water scarcity exacerbates poverty and can lead to social and political conflicts. Climate change is intensifying water scarcity by altering precipitation patterns and increasing the frequency of droughts.

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Essay on Drinking Water

Students are often asked to write an essay on Drinking Water in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Drinking Water

Importance of drinking water.

Water is life’s essential ingredient. Our bodies are about 60% water. Drinking water keeps us hydrated, which is vital for our bodily functions.

Benefits of Drinking Water

Drinking water aids in digestion, nutrient absorption, and maintains body temperature. It also helps in flushing out toxins and keeps our skin healthy.

How Much Water to Drink?

Experts suggest drinking 8-10 glasses of water daily. However, this can vary based on physical activity and climate.

Drinking water is crucial for our health. So, let’s make a habit of consuming enough every day.

Also check:

• Advantages and Disadvantages of Drinking Water

250 Words Essay on Drinking Water

The importance of drinking water.

Water is a fundamental element of life. Covering about 70% of the Earth’s surface, it’s also the primary component of the human body. However, the importance of drinking water extends beyond mere existence. It plays a vital role in our physical and mental health, and even in societal development.

Physiological Benefits

Water is the medium of all metabolic processes in the body. It aids in digestion, nutrient absorption, and waste elimination. It regulates body temperature, lubricates joints, and maintains skin health. Dehydration, on the other hand, can lead to fatigue, headaches, and impaired cognitive function.

Mental Health Implications

The brain is approximately 75% water. Hence, adequate hydration is necessary for optimal brain function. Studies suggest that even mild dehydration can affect mood, concentration, and memory. Furthermore, it can exacerbate symptoms of certain mental disorders.

Societal Relevance

Access to clean drinking water is a global concern. It’s not just about health, but also about social equality and economic growth. Water scarcity can lead to conflicts and migration, while waterborne diseases can cripple communities.

In essence, drinking water is not just a basic need, but a cornerstone of human health and societal progress. As we delve deeper into the intricacies of our bodies and societies, the importance of this clear, tasteless liquid becomes even more apparent. We must therefore strive for its conservation and equitable distribution, recognizing it as a critical component of our collective wellbeing.

500 Words Essay on Drinking Water

Introduction.

Water is the essence of life, a fundamental element for all living organisms on Earth. The significance of drinking water cannot be overstated. It is a critical component of our diet, directly linked to our health and wellbeing. This essay will delve into the importance of drinking water, its health benefits, the challenges of water scarcity, and the need for sustainable management of this vital resource.

Water makes up about 60% of the human body, highlighting its role in maintaining bodily functions. It aids in digestion, nutrient absorption, and waste elimination. It also helps regulate body temperature, lubricate joints, and protect sensitive tissues. Dehydration, or the lack of adequate water in the body, can lead to serious health issues such as kidney stones, urinary tract infections, and even cognitive impairment.

Health Benefits of Drinking Water

Drinking sufficient water has numerous health benefits. It boosts skin health and beauty, flushing out toxins and promoting a clear complexion. It aids in weight loss by enhancing metabolism and suppressing appetite. Furthermore, it plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular health by facilitating the flow of oxygen and nutrients in the blood.

Challenges of Water Scarcity

Despite the critical role of water, it is a scarce resource for many. According to the World Health Organization, nearly 2.2 billion people worldwide lack access to safely managed drinking water services. Water scarcity can lead to a range of health issues, including malnutrition and waterborne diseases. It also exacerbates socio-economic disparities, as the poor and marginalized are often the most affected by water scarcity.

Sustainable Water Management

Given the importance and scarcity of water, sustainable water management is imperative. It involves the efficient use of water resources, reducing waste, and promoting conservation. For instance, rainwater harvesting and wastewater treatment can provide alternative sources of water. Additionally, awareness campaigns can educate the public about the importance of water conservation and the dire consequences of wastage.

In conclusion, drinking water is a fundamental human need and a critical component of our health and wellbeing. However, water scarcity is a pressing issue that threatens our ability to meet this basic need. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize sustainable water management, promoting water conservation, and ensuring equitable access to clean, safe drinking water for all. By doing so, we can safeguard our health and secure a sustainable future for generations to come.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

• Essay on Clean Water and Sanitation
• Essay on Challenges of Clean Water and Their Solutions
• Essay on Bottled Water

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

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Essay on Water Scarcity

Water is one of our basic needs and what about when we will not have a drop of water. The way we are wasting water shows that the day is not far behind when there will be very little drinking water left on the planet. So, it is very necessary to save water which will also save us and our planet.

Short and Long Essays on Water Scarcity in English

Some unique essays here may help you to get a better understanding of the topic.

Water Scarcity Essay 10 Lines (100 – 150 Words)

1) Water is the essential requirement of every person.

2) Living things cannot survive without water.

3) Today, the world is facing shortage of water.

4) Growing population is one of the significant causes of water scarcity.

5) Deforestation, lack of water management, pollution, etc contributes to the lack of water.

6) Jal Shakti Abhiyan, Jal Jeevan Mission, etc schemes are initiated to conserve water in India.

7) Natural causes like global warming and climate change is also responsible for water scarcity.

8) Water scarcity also means the unavailability of freshwater in the surrounding.

9) Many people die or suffer dangerous diseases due to the consumption of polluted water.

10) In many places, people perform rainwater harvesting to collect rainwater.

Essay 1 (250 Words) – Facts about Water Scarcity

Introduction

The human body is made up of 60% of water, which is more than half. Can you imagine if your body needs so much water then what about other animals and plants? Definitely, the percentage will differ in all of them; still, you can see the importance of water. I can say that we will die without water. All of us know how important water is then why are we so careless and don’t follow any steps for saving water? I have brought some facts about water scarcity and hope will provoke you to take some steps in water conservation.

Some Facts about Water Scarcity

• Not only in India but across the world more than half a billion people face water scarcity for more than 6 months in a year.
• There are many best cities in the world that are running a shortage of water.
• Every person uses more than 90 gallons of water every day.
• There are more than thousands of wells, borewells, and ponds dried in India.
• More than 3 to 4 million people die every year just because of the consumption of polluted water.
• Less than 1% of Earth’s water is good for consumption and the percentage is decreasing day-by-day.
• More than a 100miilion people migrate due to drought as well as floods, every year.

The above data will definitely leave you thinking about the shortage of water. If you don’t face water shortage then you are blessed to live in a region where there is a required amount of water. But you should start taking some measures for water conservation; otherwise, soon there will be a day with no fresh source of drinking water on earth.

Essay 2 (400 Words) – Major Reasons for Water Scarcity

The world is continuously developing, we are developing and the nation is developing, development will be soon announced as the word of the decade. But all of us are so much concerned about developing ourselves that we have started neglecting some of our basic needs. Do you know what the important things we need to stay alive are? Of course, they are air, water, and food. We know the importance of these things still we care very less.

Reasons behind Water Scarcity

• Growing Population : It will be not wrong if I say that every year the population is growing in an uncontrolled manner. The growing population also requires enough food, water to live. So, the use of water has been increased in an uncontrolled way. The freshwater sources are very less as a comparison of the population and this is one of the major reasons behind water scarcity.
• Lack of Water Management System : There is no proper water management system in our country, especially in urban areas. We have bathrooms and whatever work we do the water goes in drains. There should be a different draining system so that we could reuse the water. Maximum kitchen wastewater can be recycled but due to improper water management systems, it is yet not possible for us. Apart from drainage, rainwater harvesting and other helpful factors are still red in books only. There are very few who apply those methods to save water.
• Deforestation : Plants not only gives us oxygen but also food and are also responsible for proper rain. They play a very important role and it has been measured that places with more plants have good rainfall in comparison to areas with fewer trees. When there will be proper rain there will be no scarcity of water. The growing industries and urbanization are the main reasons for deforestation.
• Dumping Waste : Most of the industries are constructed near riverside. Rivers are the major source of freshwater in India. These industries dump their waste in the river, not only industries but also human waste is dumped in rivers. As a result, they are polluted.

Everything needs care either it is air, water, or a relationship. We should always take care of our dear ones otherwise once you will lose them, it will be difficult for you to find it again. We cannot imagine life without water, not only humans, animals, plants, etc everyone needs water, still, we are so irresponsible. We should soon take some steps otherwise there will be a day when there will be no water to drink.

Essay 3 (500 – 600 Words) – Water Scarcity: Causes and How to Overcome it

Earth is known as a blue planet and today we are writing essays on the scarcity of water. Both are a bit contradictory but true. Although there is a lot of water on earth but very little to drink; a famous line of ‘The Rime of the Ancient Marine’ ‘Water-water everywhere but not a single drop to drink’ fits well. Which means there was water all around but was an ocean, which is salty in taste. The sailor in the poem was thirsty but was unable to drink the water around him. There are only 2 to 3% of freshwater sources on earth and the remaining is seawater.

Causes of Water Scarcity

There are different reasons behind water scarcity and I have mentioned them below:

• Global Warming : It is one of the major reasons for many problems like pollution, a rise in temperature, water scarcity, etc. Due to global warming, the icebergs are continuously melting due to the increase in temperature. These icebergs are melting into the sea and as a result, the salty water is increasing day by day instead of freshwater sources.
• Climate Change : There is a drastic decrease in the percentage of rainfall these days, which has directly affected our water bodies. Rain is one of the best sources of freshwater. We harvest rainwater and use it in multiple ways but due to the change in climate sometimes we face drought whereas sometimes we also face floods.
• Reduced Ground Water : Due to the increased population and excess extraction of groundwater many water bodies like well, lakes have dried. Their number is decreasing day-by-day. At first, it was seen in urban areas but now a day’s villages are also facing this issue. And if groundwater is available somewhere it is polluted.
• Pollution : We don’t care much about our rivers and lakes that is because we throw our waste in rivers. The very first thing is there is no water and what so ever is available we have polluted it. The very best example is the Yamuna River. It is nothing more than a drain now.

How to Overcome Water Scarcity

Our government has developed many plans for water conservation as I have mentioned some of them below:

• Jal Shakti Abhiyan : For the conservation of rainwater and proving fresh water to everyone. To conduct various camps to teach people the importance of water.
• Atal Bhujal Yojana : This is made for protecting the dying water bodies like wells, ponds, etc which also focus on the groundwater management system.
• Jal Jeevan Mission : This scheme is to focus on water availability in the urban and local areas. And they also focus on the management of household wastewater for agricultural purposes.
• Interlinking the Rivers : There is some Plateau river that dries in summers as a result people in that area face a lot of water scarcity. They are especially found in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, etc. So, to avoid drying these rivers there is a plan of interlinking the rivers. With the help of these rivers across the nation are interlinking and this has also reduced the water scarcity in summers in some special areas.
• Water ATM : Nowadays these water ATMs are quite famous; they will give you a liter or a glass of water as per your requirement. These machines are customized in such a way that they won’t let extra water to fall. This helps to reduce the wastage of water, especially on the railway stations and public areas.
• Rain Water Basins : Nowadays the government is concentrating on harvesting rainwater and big basins are made in villages and outer areas to save rainwater. These water basins are helpful in many ways. They increase the groundwater; they are also helpful in agriculture and in many other ways.

It is not only the government to bring such policies, but we should also follow some important measures and should not wastewater. Use if needed otherwise just off the tap and focus on saving water. Otherwise soon there will be a day when we will keep water in our safety lockers.

FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions

Ans . Underground water is the biggest source of drinking water on earth.

Ans . There is only 2.5% of freshwater present on the earth.

Ans . Yemen is the country facing the highest water scarcity in the world.

Ans . The biggest source of water in India is the river Ganga.

Ans . The major factors responsible for water scarcity are climate change, increased pollution and population, and excess use of water.

Ans . Brazil is the country in the world that has the highest water resources.

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Importance of Water Essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on importance of water.

Water is the basic necessity for the functioning of all life forms that exist on earth . It is safe to say that water is the reason behind earth being the only planet to support life. This universal solvent is one of the major resources we have on this planet . It is impossible for life to function without water. After all, it makes for almost 70% of the earth.

However, despite its vast abundance, water is very much limited. It is a non-renewable resource . In addition, we need to realize the fact that although there is an abundance of water, not all of it is safe to consume. We derive some very essential uses from the water on a daily basis.

Significance of water

If we talk about our personal lives, water is the foundation of our existence. The human body needs water for the day to day survival. We may be able to survive without any food for a whole week but without water, we won’t even survive for 3 days. Moreover, our body itself comprises of 70% water. This, in turn, helps our body to function normally.

Thus, the lack of sufficient water or consumption of contaminated water can cause serious health problems for humans. Therefore, the amount and quality of water which we consume is essential for our physical health plus fitness.

Further, our daily activities are incomplete without water. Whether we talk about getting up in the morning to brush or cooking our food, it is equally important. This domestic use of water makes us very dependent on this transparent chemical.

In addition, on a large scale, the industries consume a lot of water. They need water for almost every step of their process. It essential for the production of the goods we use every day.

If we look beyond human uses, we will realize how water plays a major role in every living beings life. It is the home of aquatic animals. From a tiny insect to a whale, every organism needs water to survive.

Therefore, we see how not only human beings but plants and animals too require water. The earth depends on water to function. We cannot be selfish and use it up for our uses without caring about the environment.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

A world without water

Water is not only required for our survival but for a healthy and happy life as well. Everyone has seen the scenario of water-deprived countries like Africa, where citizens are leading a miserable life. It is time for everyone to wake up and realize the urgency of conserving water.

In other words, a world without water would make the human race impossible to last. The same can be said for all the animals and plants. In fact, the whole earth will suffer without water.

Firstly, the greenery will soon diminish. When earth won’t get water, all the vegetation will die and turn into barren land. The occurrence of different seasons will soon cease. The earth will be caught in one big endless summer.

Furthermore, the home of aquatic animals will be taken from them. That means no fishes and whales for us to see. Most importantly, all forms of living organisms will go extinct if we do not conserve water right away.

In conclusion, unnecessary usage of water must be stopped at once. Every single person must work to conserve water and restore the balance. If not, we all know what the consequences are going to be.

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