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Women and Nation Building: 1857 to the Republic

Syllabus: Indian History: 1857 Revolt

Source: PIB

Context: On the occasion of the 133rd Foundation Day of the National Archives of India , an exhibition has highlighted the contributions of women in nation-building and freedom struggle from 1857 to 1950.

Some examples of the contributions made by women in nation-building and the freedom struggle from 1857 to 1950:

Limitations:

These limitations included social restrictions that confined women to traditional roles, a lack of education that limited their participation and communication abilities, limited access to resources , gender discrimination within the movement, and a patriarchal society that did not consider women equal to men, resulting in their voices being silenced and opinions not taken seriously.

Conclusion:

Despite these limitations, many women played a significant role in the independence movement, paving the way for future generations of women to follow.

About National Archives of India (est. 1891, HQ: New Delhi):

The National Archives of India is an attached office under the Ministry of Culture.  It has at present in its repositories a collection of over 18 crores pages of Public Records, which include files, volumes, maps, bills assented to by the President of India, treaties, rare manuscripts, oriental records, private papers, cartographic records, etc.

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Discuss the significance of contributions made by women freedom fighters during the second half of the 20th century.

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In the context of Indian history, the Rakhmabai case of (1884) revolved around? (UPSC 2020)

• women’s right to gain education
• age of consent
• restitution of conjugal rights

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

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Women and Nation-Building

Benard, Cheryl, Seth G. Jones, Olga Oliker, Cathryn Quantic Thurston, Brooke K. Stearns, and Kristen Cordell. 2008. Women and Nation-Building. Santa Monica: RAND Corporation.

Summary: "The challenge of nation-building, i.e., dealing with the societal and political aftermaths of conflicts and putting new governments and new social compacts into place, has occupied much international energy during the past several decades. As an art, a process, and a set of competencies, it is still very much in an ongoing learning and experimentation phase. The RAND Corporation has contributed to the emerging knowledge base in this domain through a series of studies that have looked at nation-building enterprises led by the United States and others that were led by the United Nations and have examined the experiences gained during the reconstruction of specific sectors. Our study focuses on gender and nation-building. It considers this issue from two aspects: First, it examines gender-specific impacts of conflict and post-conflict and the ways in which events in these contexts may affect women differently than they affect men. Second, it analyzes the role of women in the nation-building process, in terms of both actual current practices, as far as these could be measured and ascertained, and possible outcomes that might occur if these practices were to be modified.

The study team first surveyed the broader literature on women in development, women and governance, women and conflict, and women in nation-building. It then focused on the case of Afghanistan. This case study was chosen for three reasons: First, it is contemporary, and it offers a longer nation-building “track record” and thus more data than does Iraq, the other contemporary case. Second, the relevant debate and decision line is easy to track because gender issues have been overtly on the table from the beginning of U.S. post-conflict involvement in Afghanistan, in part because of the Taliban’s equally overt prior emphasis on gender issues as a defining quality of its regime. Third, in contrast to earlier cases of nation-building, the issue of women’s inclusion is presently an official part of any development agenda, so that all the active agents in the nation-building enterprise have made conscious choices and decisions in that regard which can be reviewed and their underlying logic evaluated.

The study concludes with a broad set of analytic and policy recommendations. First, we identify the gaps in data collection and provide specific suggestions for improvement. Then, we recommend three shifts in emphasis that we believe are likely to strengthen the prospects of stability and enhance the outcomes of nation-building programs: a more genuine emphasis on the broader concept of human security from the earliest phases of the nation-building effort; a focus on establishing governance based on principles of equity and consistent rule of law from the start; and economic inclusion of women in the earliest stages of reconstruction activities” (Benard, Jones, Oliker, Thurston, Stearns, and Cordell 2008, xiii).

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The Role of Women in Nation Building

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The role of women in nation-building: Rocking the Boat at the Risk of making it Capsize?

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The Role of women in nation building

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Role of Women in Nation Building

Category : Essays

"There is no chance for the welfare of the world unless the condition of women is improved. It is not possible for a bird to fly on only one wing."                                                                                                             —Swami Vivekanand

When our countrymen were struggling and fighting to attain the freedom, the women folk also fought shoulders to shoulders and whole heartedly supported the struggling freedom fighters. During India's struggle for freedom, the position of women took a favorable turn. After India became independent it was realized by most of the national leaders including Nehru. Gandhi. Dr. Rajendra Prasad that emancipation of Women is necessary and also realized that so long as the conditions of women were not improved, and granted equal status with men, India could not progress. The role of women in the freedom struggle cannot be undermined. Sarojini Naidu. Mira Ben, Suchita            Kapalani. Vinay Laxmi Pandit.  Anina AsafAli, all played very crucial and enthusiastic role in the struggle for attaining freedom.

"Woman is the builder and moulder of a nation's destiny, though delicate and soft as lily, she has a heart, stronger and bolder than that of a man, she is the supreme inspiration for man’s onward march. "                                                                                                                                                                                                             —Ravindra Nath Tagore

Women constitute approximately 40% population of a nation. If she is given the task for the development of the country she can make a wonder. She is more dedicated, more hard working, more sincere, more devoted to the cause. Many social evils like; dowry, illiteracy among the females, killing of girl child in the womb, ignoring the hygienic values, polio etc. can well be tackled by the active involvement of the women.

Many women have proved themselves, dynamic, vibrant, sincere, and perfecting many fields. Smt. Indira Gandhi. Sirimao Bhandemaike, Chandrika Kumaratunga, Goldamir, Margaret Thatcher. Vijaya Laxmi Pundit. Super cop Kiran Bedi have proved themselves in all manners better than their male counterpart. These names made both the society and the women folk proud of them. The myth that certain fields were only meant for men has been proved wrong by women. Modem women in the present age occupy top rank and attained immense success in all the fields such as politics, police, administration, medicine, services etc. Mother Teresa, P.T .Usha, Mrs. Mohsina Kidwai. Mrs. SubuLaxmi, Mrs. Sushma Swaraj, the great environmentalist and social activist Medha Patekar and Promilla Kalhan, Mrs. KiranBedi, Kalpana Chawla, Mrs. Sonia Gandhi have become well recognised names in their respective fields.

Today the educated women have come out of their inferiority complex and are shouldering all kinds of responsibilities, as Managers. Officers, TV and Radio news-readers. Pilots. Ministers, Anchors. Musicians. Clerks, Stenographers. Ministers, Prime Ministers and whatnot ? There are veteran MPs and Ministers in the centre and the State, Ms. Mayawati, Ms. Jayalalitha, Mrs. Sushma Swaraj. Ms. Mamta Bannerjee, Mrs. Rabri Devi. Uma Bharti. Mrs. Vijaya Raje Scindhiya have proved to be the astute Politicians.

The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Act passed in 1992. lay upon the women of our country more responsibilities in accelerating the development of the country. These amendments provide 33% reservation for women in the Panchayat Raj. Women elected to Panchayatand Municipal Councils, because of the reservation. have started asserting themselves. Now the women in local governments are taking the basic issues as water, health facilities, family planning, polio eradication, more seriously, more sincerely. Now they can play better role in the development of their area of operation whether village or municipality, which in turn will result into the overall development of the State and the country as a whole.

Women are more dedicated and devoted to their duties and have much patience and politeness than man by nature. There is no doubt that women had played very important role in the national building, but the man is still not in favor of giving them the given due powers. The example is that the women's reservation bill lor 30% reservation in State Assemblies and Parliament has not been made the law so far. The bill was introduced several limes since 1996 but couldn't take shape of an Act so far.

The empowerment of women by itself cannot place women on equal footing with men. the need of hour is the change of social attitudes towards women. Many social evils, like dowry, illiteracy among women, infanticide of female child. elimination of girls foetus, are required to be fully rooted out. The crime against women like, eve teasing, rape. are to be dealt with strongest hand though several measures but halfhearted are being taken by the government in this direction, yet a change of social attitude and honesty, on the part of politicians, is must to make the women participate in the nation building at grass root level,

"Rightly" said by Dr. Rajendra Prasad. "our ^'omen have a very great pan to play in the progress of our country o.s the mental and physical contact of women with life is much more lasting and comprehensive than that of men ".

What can't be done by a women? If the men can help in the national building, the women can do much better! Women is no less creature than that of men. Women, undoubtedly, can play a very important role in the betterment of the nation if men give them chance.

It was rightly said that "the hand that rocks the cradle, rules the world."

1- folk — nation, race, community, tribe, society. 2. emancipation— liberty, release, liberation. 3. crucial— critical, decisive, pivotal, deciding, determining. 4. enthusiastic— interested, fascinated, animated, willing, thrilled. 5. destiny— fate, predetermination. predestination. 6. inspiration— notion, hunch, flash, revelation. 7. womh— uterus, female cavity, prenatal chamber. 8. tackled— set in motion, begun, launched, embarked upon. 9. demolished — ruined, wrecked, annihilated, killed. 10. myth — fable, folk talc. legend, religion, lore. 11. inferiority— deficiency, mediocrity, inadequacy. 12. astute— keen, shrewd, clever. 13. amendments— alteration, reformation, correction, revision. 14. infanticide— child-murder, puericide, abortion. 15. foetus — embryo, unborn child, germ. 16. cradle— spring, fountain, ultimate source. 

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Essay on Role of Women in Nation Building

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Women are the essential and most critical pillar of society. They are the strength and power of a successful and progressive society. This essay talks about Role of women in society and the role woman can play to build, integrate and strengthen a society

Essay on Role of Women in Society & her Role in Society Essay

Women are the foundation stone of a strong society. They have an important role to play in the society. They are not only responsible for the upbringing of their children but also contribute towards the development of the society. In this essay, we shall discuss the various roles played by women in the society.

Women play a great role in nation building. A nation cannot progress without the active participation of women. Women have always played an important role in the history of mankind. They have fought for their rights and freedoms and have made great contributions to the society. Women continue to play a vital role in the development of the society and will continue to do so in the future.

>>> Related Post:  “ Essay on Indian Army  ”

Women play a pivotal role in the society right from the time they are born till the time they die. Their role starts with taking care of their children and guiding them in the right direction. They teach them the values of life and help them grow into responsible citizens. Women are also responsible for the overall development of the society. They contribute towards the economic, social and political development of the society.

Women play an important role in the economic development of the society. They are the backbone of the household and contribute towards the family income. They work as hard as men and yet are not given their due credit. Women also play an important role in the social development of the society. They work towards eliminating discrimination and ensuring social justice for all. Women also work towards creating a peaceful and harmonious society.

Women play an important role in the political development of the society. They work towards ensuring that the voices of all sections of society are heard. They fight for the rights of women and work towards creating a just society. Women have come a long way and continue to play an important role in the development of the society.

Therefore, it can be said that women play a very important role in the society. They are the pillar of strength and contribute towards the development of the society in all spheres. The society needs to recognize the contribution of women and work towards ensuring their empowerment

Short Essay on Role of Women in Nation Building:

Women have played a crucial role in the development of nations since ancient times. However, their contributions have often been overlooked or undervalued due to gender discrimination and patriarchal beliefs. In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the vital role that women play in nation building.

One significant way in which women contribute to nation building is through their active participation in the workforce. Women make up almost half of the global population, and their economic empowerment is crucial for a country’s growth and development.

When women are educated and given equal opportunities in the workforce, they can contribute to a nation’s economy by building businesses, creating jobs, and increasing household income.

Furthermore, studies have shown that investing in women’s education has multiple benefits for society . Educated women are more likely to have fewer children, leading to a decline in population growth and increased family planning.

Additionally, educated mothers tend to prioritize their children’s education and health, resulting in improved child development and well-being.

Aside from economic contributions, women also play a critical role in promoting social stability and peace-building efforts. Women often act as peacemakers and bridge-builders in their communities, bringing people together to resolve conflicts peacefully.

They also play a crucial role in promoting values of empathy, compassion, and tolerance, which are essential for nation building.

In addition to these roles, women also play a significant role in political participation and leadership. Historically, women have been underrepresented in politics, but there has been a gradual increase in women’s political representation in recent years.

Women politicians bring diverse perspectives and priorities to decision-making processes, leading to more inclusive policies that benefit society as a whole.

Moreover, women play an essential role in preserving and promoting cultural heritage, which is crucial for nation building. They are often the custodians of traditional knowledge, passed down through generations, and play a pivotal role in preserving cultural practices, languages, and customs.

In conclusion, women have a crucial role to play in nation building. Their contributions are vital for a country’s sustainable development and prosperity. It is essential to recognize and support women’s rights, education, economic empowerment, and political participation in order to achieve true gender equality and harness the full potential of women for nation building.

>>>>>>>> Read Also : ” Essay On Dowry System”

As the saying goes, “When you empower a woman, you empower a nation.” Thus, it is imperative that we continue to strive towards creating an inclusive and equal society where women can thrive and contribute to building strong and prosperous nations.

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Essay, Paragraph or Speech on “Role of Women in Nation-Building” Complete Essay, Speech for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Role of Women in Nation-Building

Our women have a great part to play in the progress of our country as the mental and physical contact of women with life is much more lasting and comprehensive than of men. For the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. “In woman is hidden the revolutionary energy which can establish paradise on this earth.”

Women is the magnificent creation of God, a multifaceted personality with the power of benevolence, adju ‘stability , integrity and tolerance. She is the companion of man gifted with equal mental faculty. She is the embodiment of love and affection. The role given to the women in society is a measuring rod and true index of its civilizational attainment. In the words of RabindraNath Tagore, Woman is the builder and moulder of a nation’s destiny. Though delicate and soft as lily, she has a heart, far stronger and bolder than that of man. She is the supreme inspiration for mans onward march.” The status of Indian women has been of many ups and downs from the ancient time to the present day.

With the dawn of freedom and particularly during India’s national struggle the position of women took a turn for the better. Mahatma Gandhi, PanditJawaharlal Nehru and Dr. Rajendra Prasad began to think deeply about the urgent need of women’s emancipation. They realised so long as women of the country were not uplifted and granted status with men in all walks of life political, economic, domestic, educational India could neither progress nor make any significant advance in any field. Gandhiji gave clarion call for women’s participation in the freedom movement. Sarojini Naidu, Mira Ben, Sucheta, Kirplani, Vijay Lakshmi, Aruna Asaf Ali were some of the leading women freedom fighters. In the present, a large number of women have attained dignity, individuality and respect in their respective field. They are free to join any service.

In the post independent India, women have played a significant role, as doctors, engineers, judges. scientists. diplomats, legislators and even as a prime minister. Indira Gandhi, former late prime minister was held in high esteem the world over. Vijay Lakshmi Pandit created a record by becoming the first women President of the United Nations General Assembly. In the last two decades, woman have really become into their own. In the modern age, we find the role of women in every field. The myth that higher fields were only meant for “men has been demolished by women. Women have proved to be more vibrant, dynamic, sincere and perfect in every field. They have the ability to excel to in any task they undertake. Modern women in the present age occupy top rank and attain immense success in all the fields such as sports, politics, performing arts, police, administration, medicine etc. Mother Teresa, P.T. Usha, M.S. Subbulakshmi, Ms. Kiran Bedi, Dr. Padamvati, Mrs. SushmaSwaraj, the great environmentalist and social activist MedhaPatkar and PramillaKalhan have become great names in different fields of their work. Sonali Banerjee of Calcutta became the first Indian woman Marine Engineer and brought fame to our country for crossing the English Channel and twice conquered Mt. Everest.

Really women are less selfish, more dedicated to duty and have much potence than men by nature. In order to make optimum use of our vast woman power, we must liberate Indian woman of many social taboos. However mere legislation can not emancipate the lot of our women; this needs a radical change in our mental make up and our social structure. For this we shall have to foster a social emancipating spirit in our everyday life. The conservative male chauvinistic attitude shall have to give to liberalism. It can be said with a sense of pride and confidence that the future of women in India is quite bright and that our prosperity will be safe in other hands. Napolean was right when he said that by educating the women we educate and uplift the whole nation.

In order to give them more scope of participation in the economic growth of the country, the government has implemented major programmes like MahilaSmirdhiYojna, Womens development Cooperation etc. The female literacy on the whole is on the rise. According to RabindraNath Tagore “woman is God’s best creation.” She adds beauty and charm to every aspect of life. To quote former Miss Universe Sushmita Sen, “women in India have now become more aware of their rights for higher position at work, at the same time being a perfect housewife at home.” This is the state at which women have reached today. Only elevating presence of women on the top can help bring in a semblance of order in the present situation. Emotional, affectionate, caring and yet firm, woman is the parenniel source of inspiration for man in the odyssey of life.

To Manu the ancient law maker “woman is holy and pure. Therefore she is worshipped”. According to him, “god reside in the home where women are honoured.” For Mahatma Gandhi “without the emancipation of women, independence was meaningless.” He believes that woman is really a nobler sex. She should not regard herself helpless, weak and dependent. He was of the view that woman is the cultural backbone of the society. Sheis the incarnation of Ahimsa—”infinite love which again means infinite capacity for suffering.”

“Education, according to him, “can enable women to assert their right”. His advice to the educated woman was to conserve the best tradition of Indian culture. He wanted them to take part in the governance of the country.

Indeed it was Indira Gandhi who succeeded in raising the position of women in India. She tried to make them conscious of their rights. As a result of the efforts of Gandhiji, the position of women has changed and they are gradually emerging as a force in social, cultural as well as political fields of our country. The talent, patience, inner strength, power of tolerance, insight efficiency of a responsible and good women help in the governance of the country and its over all progress. Man have sight women have insight. Women are running to extremes, taking advanced measures for the progress of the country with their power of mental strength and extraordinary talent. Now women have occupied a pivotal position and have achieved eminence in different fields. This is the era of women.

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