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The WIRED Guide to Robots

Modern robots are not unlike toddlers: It’s hilarious to watch them fall over, but deep down we know that if we laugh too hard, they might develop a complex and grow up to start World War III. None of humanity’s creations inspires such a confusing mix of awe, admiration, and fear: We want robots to make our lives easier and safer, yet we can’t quite bring ourselves to trust them. We’re crafting them in our own image, yet we are terrified they’ll supplant us.

But that trepidation is no obstacle to the booming field of robotics. Robots have finally grown smart enough and physically capable enough to make their way out of factories and labs to walk and roll and even leap among us . The machines have arrived.

You may be worried a robot is going to steal your job, and we get that. This is capitalism, after all, and automation is inevitable. But you may be more likely to work alongside a robot in the near future than have one replace you. And even better news: You’re more likely to make friends with a robot than have one murder you. Hooray for the future!

The definition of “robot” has been confusing from the very beginning. The word first appeared in 1921, in Karel Capek’s play R.U.R. , or Rossum's Universal Robots. “Robot” comes from the Czech for “forced labor.” These robots were robots more in spirit than form, though. They looked like humans, and instead of being made of metal, they were made of chemical batter. The robots were far more efficient than their human counterparts, and also way more murder-y—they ended up going on a killing spree .

R.U.R. would establish the trope of the Not-to-Be-Trusted Machine (e.g., Terminator , The Stepford Wives , Blade Runner , etc.) that continues to this day—which is not to say pop culture hasn’t embraced friendlier robots. Think Rosie from The Jetsons . (Ornery, sure, but certainly not homicidal.) And it doesn’t get much family-friendlier than Robin Williams as Bicentennial Man .

The real-world definition of “robot” is just as slippery as those fictional depictions. Ask 10 roboticists and you’ll get 10 answers—how autonomous does it need to be, for instance. But they do agree on some general guidelines : A robot is an intelligent, physically embodied machine. A robot can perform tasks autonomously to some degree. And a robot can sense and manipulate its environment.

Think of a simple drone that you pilot around. That’s no robot. But give a drone the power to take off and land on its own and sense objects and suddenly it’s a lot more robot-ish. It’s the intelligence and sensing and autonomy that’s key.

But it wasn’t until the 1960s that a company built something that started meeting those guidelines. That’s when SRI International in Silicon Valley developed Shakey , the first truly mobile and perceptive robot. This tower on wheels was well-named—awkward, slow, twitchy. Equipped with a camera and bump sensors, Shakey could navigate a complex environment. It wasn’t a particularly confident-looking machine, but it was the beginning of the robotic revolution.

Around the time Shakey was trembling about, robot arms were beginning to transform manufacturing. The first among them was Unimate , which welded auto bodies. Today, its descendants rule car factories, performing tedious, dangerous tasks with far more precision and speed than any human could muster. Even though they’re stuck in place, they still very much fit our definition of a robot—they’re intelligent machines that sense and manipulate their environment.

Robots, though, remained largely confined to factories and labs, where they either rolled about or were stuck in place lifting objects. Then, in the mid-1980s Honda started up a humanoid robotics program. It developed P3, which could walk pretty darn good and also wave and shake hands, much to the delight of a roomful of suits . The work would culminate in Asimo, the famed biped, which once tried to take out President Obama with a well-kicked soccer ball. (OK, perhaps it was more innocent than that.)

Today, advanced robots are popping up everywhere . For that you can thank three technologies in particular: sensors, actuators, and AI.

So, sensors. Machines that roll on sidewalks to deliver falafel can only navigate our world thanks in large part to the 2004 Darpa Grand Challenge, in which teams of roboticists cobbled together self-driving cars to race through the desert. Their secret? Lidar, which shoots out lasers to build a 3-D map of the world. The ensuing private-sector race to develop self-driving cars has dramatically driven down the price of lidar, to the point that engineers can create perceptive robots on the (relative) cheap.

Matt Jancer

David Nield

Lidar is often combined with something called machine vision—2-D or 3-D cameras that allow the robot to build an even better picture of its world. You know how Facebook automatically recognizes your mug and tags you in pictures? Same principle with robots. Fancy algorithms allow them to pick out certain landmarks or objects .

Sensors are what keep robots from smashing into things. They’re why a robot mule of sorts can keep an eye on you, following you and schlepping your stuff around ; machine vision also allows robots to scan cherry trees to determine where best to shake them , helping fill massive labor gaps in agriculture.

New technologies promise to let robots sense the world in ways that are far beyond humans’ capabilities. We’re talking about seeing around corners: At MIT, researchers have developed a system that watches the floor at the corner of, say, a hallway, and picks out subtle movements being reflected from the other side that the piddling human eye can’t see. Such technology could one day ensure that robots don’t crash into humans in labyrinthine buildings, and even allow self-driving cars to see occluded scenes.

Within each of these robots is the next secret ingredient: the actuator , which is a fancy word for the combo electric motor and gearbox that you’ll find in a robot’s joint. It’s this actuator that determines how strong a robot is and how smoothly or not smoothly it moves . Without actuators, robots would crumple like rag dolls. Even relatively simple robots like Roombas owe their existence to actuators. Self-driving cars, too, are loaded with the things.

Actuators are great for powering massive robot arms on a car assembly line, but a newish field, known as soft robotics, is devoted to creating actuators that operate on a whole new level. Unlike mule robots, soft robots are generally squishy, and use air or oil to get themselves moving. So for instance, one particular kind of robot muscle uses electrodes to squeeze a pouch of oil, expanding and contracting to tug on weights . Unlike with bulky traditional actuators, you could stack a bunch of these to magnify the strength: A robot named Kengoro, for instance, moves with 116 actuators that tug on cables, allowing the machine to do unsettlingly human maneuvers like pushups . It’s a far more natural-looking form of movement than what you’d get with traditional electric motors housed in the joints.

And then there’s Boston Dynamics, which created the Atlas humanoid robot for the Darpa Robotics Challenge in 2013. At first, university robotics research teams struggled to get the machine to tackle the basic tasks of the original 2013 challenge and the finals round in 2015, like turning valves and opening doors. But Boston Dynamics has since that time turned Atlas into a marvel that can do backflips , far outpacing other bipeds that still have a hard time walking. (Unlike the Terminator, though, it does not pack heat.) Boston Dynamics has also begun leasing a quadruped robot called Spot, which can recover in unsettling fashion when humans kick or tug on it . That kind of stability will be key if we want to build a world where we don’t spend all our time helping robots out of jams. And it’s all thanks to the humble actuator.

At the same time that robots like Atlas and Spot are getting more physically robust, they’re getting smarter, thanks to AI. Robotics seems to be reaching an inflection point, where processing power and artificial intelligence are combining to truly ensmarten the machines . And for the machines, just as in humans, the senses and intelligence are inseparable—if you pick up a fake apple and don’t realize it’s plastic before shoving it in your mouth, you’re not very smart.

This is a fascinating frontier in robotics (replicating the sense of touch, not eating fake apples). A company called SynTouch, for instance, has developed robotic fingertips that can detect a range of sensations , from temperature to coarseness. Another robot fingertip from Columbia University replicates touch with light, so in a sense it sees touch : It’s embedded with 32 photodiodes and 30 LEDs, overlaid with a skin of silicone. When that skin is deformed, the photodiodes detect how light from the LEDs changes to pinpoint where exactly you touched the fingertip, and how hard.

Far from the hulking dullards that lift car doors on automotive assembly lines, the robots of tomorrow will be very sensitive indeed.

Increasingly sophisticated machines may populate our world, but for robots to be really useful, they’ll have to become more self-sufficient. After all, it would be impossible to program a home robot with the instructions for gripping each and every object it ever might encounter. You want it to learn on its own, and that is where advances in artificial intelligence come in.

Take Brett. In a UC Berkeley lab, the humanoid robot has taught itself to conquer one of those children’s puzzles where you cram pegs into different shaped holes. It did so by trial and error through a process called reinforcement learning. No one told it how to get a square peg into a square hole, just that it needed to. So by making random movements and getting a digital reward (basically, yes, do that kind of thing again ) each time it got closer to success, Brett learned something new on its own . The process is super slow, sure, but with time roboticists will hone the machines’ ability to teach themselves novel skills in novel environments, which is pivotal if we don’t want to get stuck babysitting them.

Another tack here is to have a digital version of a robot train first in simulation, then port what it has learned to the physical robot in a lab. Over at Google , researchers used motion-capture videos of dogs to program a simulated dog, then used reinforcement learning to get a simulated four-legged robot to teach itself to make the same movements. That is, even though both have four legs, the robot’s body is mechanically distinct from a dog’s, so they move in distinct ways. But after many random movements, the simulated robot got enough rewards to match the simulated dog. Then the researchers transferred that knowledge to the real robot in the lab, and sure enough, the thing could walk—in fact, it walked even faster than the robot manufacturer’s default gait, though in fairness it was less stable.

13 Robots, Real and Imagined

They may be getting smarter day by day, but for the near future we are going to have to babysit the robots. As advanced as they’ve become, they still struggle to navigate our world. They plunge into fountains , for instance. So the solution, at least for the short term, is to set up call centers where robots can phone humans to help them out in a pinch . For example, Tug the hospital robot can call for help if it’s roaming the halls at night and there’s no human around to move a cart blocking its path. The operator would them teleoperate the robot around the obstruction.

Speaking of hospital robots. When the coronavirus crisis took hold in early 2020, a group of roboticists saw an opportunity: Robots are the perfect coworkers in a pandemic. Engineers must use the crisis, they argued in an editorial , to supercharge the development of medical robots, which never get sick and can do the dull, dirty, and dangerous work that puts human medical workers in harm’s way. Robot helpers could take patients’ temperatures and deliver drugs, for instance. This would free up human doctors and nurses to do what they do best: problem-solving and being empathetic with patients, skills that robots may never be able to replicate.

The rapidly developing relationship between humans and robots is so complex that it has spawned its own field, known as human-robot interaction . The overarching challenge is this: It’s easy enough to adapt robots to get along with humans—make them soft and give them a sense of touch—but it’s another issue entirely to train humans to get along with the machines. With Tug the hospital robot, for example, doctors and nurses learn to treat it like a grandparent—get the hell out of its way and help it get unstuck if you have to. We also have to manage our expectations: Robots like Atlas may seem advanced, but they’re far from the autonomous wonders you might think.

What humanity has done is essentially invented a new species, and now we’re maybe having a little buyers’ remorse. Namely, what if the robots steal all our jobs? Not even white-collar workers are safe from hyper-intelligent AI, after all.

A lot of smart people are thinking about the singularity, when the machines grow advanced enough to make humanity obsolete. That will result in a massive societal realignment and species-wide existential crisis. What will we do if we no longer have to work? How does income inequality look anything other than exponentially more dire as industries replace people with machines?

These seem like far-out problems, but now is the time to start pondering them. Which you might consider an upside to the killer-robot narrative that Hollywood has fed us all these years: The machines may be limited at the moment, but we as a society need to think seriously about how much power we want to cede. Take San Francisco, for instance, which is exploring the idea of a robot tax, which would force companies to pay up when they displace human workers.

I can’t sit here and promise you that the robots won’t one day turn us all into batteries , but the more realistic scenario is that, unlike in the world of R.U.R. , humans and robots are poised to live in harmony—because it’s already happening. This is the idea of multiplicity , that you’re more likely to work alongside a robot than be replaced by one. If your car has adaptive cruise control, you’re already doing this, letting the robot handle the boring highway work while you take over for the complexity of city driving. The fact that the US economy ground to a standstill during the coronavirus pandemic made it abundantly clear that robots are nowhere near ready to replace humans en masse.

The machines promise to change virtually every aspect of human life, from health care to transportation to work. Should they help us drive? Absolutely. (They will, though, have to make the decision to sometimes kill , but the benefits of precision driving far outweigh the risks.) Should they replace nurses and cops? Maybe not—certain jobs may always require a human touch.

One thing is abundantly clear: The machines have arrived. Now we have to figure out how to handle the responsibility of having invented a whole new species.

If You Want a Robot to Learn Better, Be a Jerk to It A good way to make a robot learn is to do the work in simulation, so the machine doesn’t accidentally hurt itself. Even better, you can give it tough love by trying to knock objects out of its hand.

Spot the Robot Dog Trots Into the Big, Bad World Boston Dynamics' creation is starting to sniff out its role in the workforce: as a helpful canine that still sometimes needs you to hold its paw.

Finally, a Robot That Moves Kind of Like a Tongue Octopus arms and elephant trunks and human tongues move in a fascinating way, which has now inspired a fascinating new kind of robot.

Robots Are Fueling the Quiet Ascendance of the Electric Motor For something born over a century ago, the electric motor really hasn’t fully extended its wings. The problem? Fossil fuels are just too easy, and for the time being, cheap. But now, it’s actually robots, with their actuators, that are fueling the secret ascendence of the electric motor.

This Robot Fish Powers Itself With Fake Blood A robot lionfish uses a rudimentary vasculature and “blood” to both energize itself and hydraulically power its fins.

Inside the Amazon Warehouse Where Humans and Machines Become One In an Amazon sorting center, a swarm of robots works alongside humans. Here’s what that says about Amazon—and the future of work.

This guide was last updated on April 13, 2020.

Enjoyed this deep dive? Check out more WIRED Guides .

Emily Mullin

R Douglas Fields

Frankie Adkins

Stephen Clark, Ars Technica

Rhett Allain

Essay on Robots: Top 17 Essays | Intelligent Machines | Engineering

Here is an essay on ‘Robots’ for class 11 and 12. Find paragraphs, long and short essays on ‘Robots’ especially written for college students.

Essay on Robots

Essay Contents:

• Essay on the Reasons for Using Robots

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Essay # 1. Definition of Robot:

Robot, once a creature of science fiction, is today a reality. It is the off-shoot of the second industrial revolution. Robot can be defined as a programmable multi­function manipulator designed or intelligent machine to move material, parts, tools, or specialised devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of variety of tasks.

Today’s robots are fitted with a variety of sensors (like vision, ranging, force-torque, touch, proximity, etc.) sending the sensory information to the computer which processes them subject to given objective and constraints, and develops action decisions for the robot actuators.

Robots are more flexible in terms of ability to perform new tasks or to carry out complex sequences of motion than other categories of automated manufacturing equipment. Generally speaking, robots are machines with some degree of intelligence and operated under the control of a mini or micro-computer.

Industrial robots (tough and tireless) are capable of handling a variety of jobs right from material handling to complex assembly tasks. They perform hazardous and monotonous tasks with tireless precision. They improve productivity and reduce manufacturing costs. They can perform complex jobs. They can even cope with changing conditions in the workplace, when fitted with sensors and adaptive controls.

Essay # 2. Basic Elements of Robots :

The basic elements of industrial robots are manipulator, controller, end effector, sensors and energy source. (Refer Fig. 38.1).

The manipulator comprising of base, arm and wrist are the most obvious parts of the robot. The robot’s movements are executed by the mechanical parts like links, power joints, and transmission system along with internal sensors housed within the manipulator.

The controller acts like a brain of robot. It performs the functions of storing and sequencing data in memory, initiating and stopping the motions of the manipulator, and interacting with the environment.

End effector is the tool, a sort of gripper, which directly interacts with the job. Grippers are being designed to handle a wide range of part configurations.

Sensors to sense the environment are essential for intelligent robots.

Energy source is required to cause movement of the manipulator arm. They may take the form of electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic devices.

Essay # 3. General Structure of Robot:

Figure 38.13 shows a general structure of an advanced robot. The operational unit consists of articulated mechanical system (AMS), (comprising of rigid links and kinetic joint), transmission system and actuators (which control the configuration of each articulation). The internal sensors are provided to indicate the position, velocity and forces of the end effector. The external sensors are provided to sense the environment.

The structural analysis program provides the user with integrated interactive processing from structural analysis to strength evaluation, by means of a pre-processor for graphics, geometrical modeling, finite element modeling and output graphic functions to be used for displaying the deformation quantity, indicating equi-stress lines, stress diagrams, excess stress, dynamic response and animation.

This system displays the element division diagrams and the vibration characteristics of the entire robot as a result of the frequency response calculation for the component parts of the robot system. In the design stage the strength and rigidity of each part are analysed, while the dynamic characteristics of the entire system are predicted and evaluated for lighter weight and higher rigidity.

ii. Mechanical Design of a Robot :

The mechanical design of a robot is an iterative process involving evaluation and choice among a large number of engineering and technical considerations in several disciplines.

A purely static, rigid-body approach to design is not sufficient and factors like mechanical system stiffness, natural frequencies, control system compatibility also need to be considered. A robot should be designed to have only the flexibility it needs to perform the range of tasks for which it is intended.

The various design consideration are:

(i) System Specification:

It includes range, reach, work envelope, load capacity.

(ii) System Configuration:

It includes the joint configuration, number of degrees of freedom, joint travel range, drive configuration.

(iii) System Performance:

It includes system velocity and acceleration, repeatability, resolution, accuracy, component life and duty cycle. Detailed design of major components concerns the robot structures, robot joints, actuators, transmission, wiring and routing of cables and hoses. One should evaluate the possible flexibility of the robot, grippers, tools, and peripheral units and integrate all components to one system.

Essay # 6. Classification of Robots:

Broadly three classes of robots could be considered:

(i) Pre-Programmable/Re-Programmable General Purpose Industrial Robots:

These operate fully by programmed computer control. These are most useful for all structured operations, i.e. activities whose motion and work handling requirements are known before hand and thus can be programmed.

The robot is taught before-hand to perform the necessary action in the teach mode. The robot can then take over and execute the operation repetitively such as in welding, painting, assembly of components for mass manufacturer, loading/unloading of jobs into and from machine tools, etc.

(ii) Tele-Operated, Man-Controlled Robots or Man-in-the-Loop Manipulator:

These differ from totally machine-controlled robots in the sense that the advantage of presence of man is taken in situations where it is not possible to anticipate all the motion and handling requirements in such details as to render them programmable or teachable for machine control. This type of requirement is found in hazardous locations.

The servo-driven master-slave manipulator with force feedback, or vehicle mounted heavy duty multi-axis power manipulator performs the necessary work in hazardous environment, taking commands from a human controller who can manipulate the slave arms at the scene of operation from safe location, relying for viewing on closed circuit television.

(iii) Intelligent Robots:

These are very advanced, state of the art robots and possess sufficient artificial or machine intelligence, somewhat analogous to the sensory perception of the neuro-muscular coordination that human beings are capable of.

Such intelligent robots can not only explore the environment on their own machine perceptions and evaluate them in real time, but also execute the necessary motor functions matching the action of their sensory inputs.

Advanced robots have been built with mobility to not only move over floors but also to climb, ability to avoid obstacles, high power-to-weight ratios, compactly assembled, with on board sensors, instruments and power supplies.

According to another general method of classification robots are classified as:

(i) Special purpose, designed and produced for a limited range of specific jobs, like welding, painting, casting, assembling, material handling etc.

(ii) General purpose of universal robots designed and produced to perform a wide variety of jobs. These may be non-servo-controlled, servo-controlled or sensory type depending on sophistication.

Essay # 7. Specifications of Robot:

i . Work Envelope:

Work envelope or work volume of a manipulator is defined as the envelope or space within which the robot can manipulate the end of the wrist. It depends on the number of types of joints, physical size of the joints and links and the ranges of various joints.

The shape of work volume is dependent upon the configuration of robot, for example, polar configuration has partial sphere as work space, cartesian coordinate configuration robot has a rectangular work space, and a cylindrical robot has a cylindrical work envelope.

ii .   Load Carrying Capacity:

It is dependent on the physical size and construction of robot, and also on the capability to transmit force and torque to the end effector in the wrist.

iii . Speed:

It varies from one point to other and it can be programmed into cycle so that different portions of cycle are performed at different speeds as desired. Maximum speed may be of the order of 2m/sec. In fact more important than speed is the accelerating and decelerating capability in a controlled manner. Robot may hardly achieve its top rated speed in view of its operation in a confined area.

iv . Repeatability:

It is the measure of the robot’s ability to position an object at a previously taught point in the work envelope. Due to inherent errors present (particularly due to mechanical sources), the robot will not be able to return to exact programmed point.

v . Control Resolution:

It refers to the capability of the system (both controller and the positioning device) to divide the range of total movement into closely spaced points than can be identified. Thus it would represent the minimum noticeable movement achievable. It may be mentioned that controller can generate pulses of very small duration but the positioning device should be able to respond and change its position accordingly.

In such a case:

Essay # 9. Control Systems for Robots :

Actuators (pneumatic, electrical, or hydraulic type) are used to move the joints of robots. Electric actuators may be d.c. servo motors or stepping motors. These are preferred type due to compatibility with computers, non-dependence on air or oil supply from outside source.

These are very common for sophisticated robots due to higher accuracy. Pneumatic cylinders are used for smaller robots as in material handling applications. Hydraulic actuators are used to exert high torque and greater speed.

The type of actuator, position and speed sensors, feed-back systems, etc., determine the dynamic response characteristics of the manipulator. Robot’s cycle time is dependent on the speed of response. It may be mentioned that while robots with greater stability are slower in response, the less stable system may tend to oscillate near the set value.

Microprocessor based controllers are used. A hierarchical structure approach is followed, i.e. each joint is actuated by its own controller, and a supervisory controller is used to coordinate the combined actuation of the joints and sequences of the motions.

Depending on sophistication desired, the robot control system may be:

(i) Simple Interlocked System:

This employs no servo control to achieve precise positioning. It is used for simple operations like pick-and-place. Limit switches are used for sequencing the actuation of the joints to complete the cycle.

(ii) Point-to-Point Control with Play Back Facility:

In this system, the various positions/locations, and the sequence to be followed in a cycle are programmed in the memory. The locations and their sequence are played back during the operation. Feed-back control is used to ascertain that desired location is attained.

(iii) Continuous Path Control:

The memory is big to hold information regarding locations of path. In this case path taken by the arm to reach final location is controlled. Servo control is used to maintain continuous control over the position and speed of the manipulator.

(iv) Intelligent Robot:

These can take own decisions when things go wrong during the cycle. These can interact with their environment, communicate with human beings, make computations during the motion cycle, incorporate advanced sensors like machine vision.

Essay # 10. Kinematic Control of Robots:

The various ways in which the robots could be controlled are:

(i) Non-Servo Control:

Non-servo-controlled robots move their arms in an open loop fashion between exact end positions on each axis, or along predetermined trajectories in accordance with fixed sequence. Such controls could be executed either by sequence controllers or by limit switches.

In latter type, more than one position is defined along an axis by indexable stops inserted or withdrawn automatically. A sequence type control steps through a number of pre-set logic steps, which causes one or more joints to move until the appropriate limit switch on the axis is reached.

(ii) Servo-Controlled Robots:

These incorporate feedback devices on the joints or actuators of the manipulator which continuously measure the position of each axis. These have much more manipulative quality and can position the end effector anywhere within the total work envelope.

These could be further classified as:

(a) Point-to-Point Control:

In this system each joint is controlled by an independent position servo with all joints moving from position to position independently. In it, each joint or axis of the robot is moved individually until the combination of joint positions yields the desired position of the end effector.

The way each joint is to move to achieve final position is practiced before-hand and stored in a memory device. As per this stored information each joint runs freely at its maximum or limited rate until it reaches its final position.

Point-to-point motion could be controlled independently in sequence joint control, uncoordinated joint control, or terminally co-ordinated joint control. In sequential joint operation one joint is activated at a time, while all other axes are immobilised.

A single joint may operate more than once in a sequence associated with such a motion. The resulting path of the manipulator end effector will thus have a zig-zag form associated with the motion directions of the manipulator joints.

It results in immediate simplification in the control. However, it causes longer point-to-point motion time. In uncoordinated joint control, the motions are not coordinated, in the sense that if one joint has made some fraction of its motion it does not imply that all other joints will have made the same fractions of their respective motions. When each joint reaches its final position, it holds and waits until all the joints have completed their motions.

Due to non-coordination of motion between joints, the path and velocity of end effector between points is not easily predicted. Terminally co-ordinated joint control is the most useful type of point-to-point control. In it the motion of individual joints are co-ordinated so that all joints attain their final position simultaneously.

It is used primarily in applications where only the final position is of interest and the path is not a prime consideration. Where the continuous path of the end effector is of primary importance to the application, then continuous path control is used.

(b) Continuous Path Control:

It is used where continuous path of the end effector is of primary importance. Continuous path motions are produced by interpolating each joint control variable from its initial value to its desired final value.

Each joint is moved the maximum amount required to achieve the desired final positions to give the robot tool a controlled predicted path. All the joint variables are interpolated to make the joints complete their motions simultaneously, thus giving a co-ordinated joint motion.

Depending on the quantum of information used in the motor control calculation the basic categories of continuous path control techniques are:

(i) Servo control approach (controller has a stored representation of the path to be followed, and the drive signals to the robot’s motors are determined by performing all calculations based on the past and present path tracking error);

(ii) Preview control or feed forward control. (It uses some knowledge about how the path changes immediately ahead of the robot’s current location, in addition to the past and present tracking error used by the servo-controller); and

(iii) Path planning or trajectory calculation approach (controller is fed with a complete description of the manipulator from one point to another. It uses a mathematical physical ‘model’ of the arm and its load, and pre-computes an acceleration profile for every joint, predicting the nominal motor signals that should cause the arms to follow the desired path).

Continuous path control requires lot of memory space to store all the axis positions needed to smoothly record the desired path. In practice, the device is moved actually through the desired path manually and the position of each axis is recorded on a constant time base, thus, generating continuous time history of each axis position.

Essay # 11. Expected Qualities in Robots :

The qualities expected in robots are listed below:

(i) Vision:

The utility of robots will increase several folds by incorporation of vision systems. Vision systems capable of identifying the part for pick up by pattern recognition data based on object’s silhouette have been developed.

Such systems can transform the position and orientation of the object into robot co-ordinates enabling the robot to acquire the object in a known manner. Other type of vision systems can recognise different objects. For each part, a number of distinguishing geometric features can be delineated, including area, perimeter, centre of gravity, number of holes and maximum and minimum radii.

In another vision system, a fibre sensor is used to look at a seam to be welded and automatically adjusts the robot’s weld path.

(ii) Tactile Sensing:

Robots with tactile sensor can identify an object and perform the function based on the referenced data. Grippers have been developed which can pick up any shape of objects and at the same time not exert enough force to crush them.

(iii) Mobility:

Usually the robot stands in a single station for the bulk of factory requirements. However, to handle intermittent and asynchronous demands, compact mobile device which could move in complex paths and access large areas economically has been developed.

(iv) Other Important Qualities in the Process of Development in Robots are:

Computer interpretation of the visual and tactile data, multiple appendage hand-to-hand co-ordination, minimised spatial intrusion, general purpose hands, man-robot voice communication, total self-diagnostic fault tracing, inherent safety, interaction with other technologies, etc.

Essay # 12. Performance Testing of Robots :

Usually following tests are performed on robots to judge their suitability.

(i) Geometric Values:

These include:

(a) Workspace:

Workspace, i.e. the envelope reached by the centre of the interface between the wrist and the tool, using all available axis motions.

(b) Static Behaviour:

It is indication of the deformation of a fixed robot structure under different load cases.

(c) Position Accuracy:

The repeatable accuracy that can be achieved at nominal load and normal operating temperature. This is based on two types of errors, viz., repeatability and reversal error.

(d) Path Accuracy:

The path accuracy of a path- controlled robot indicates at what level of accuracy programmed path curves can be followed at nominal load. The typical errors in path accuracy of a robot are: path accuracy or mean-path dispersion error, trailing error or mean-path deviation, overshoot during acceleration/deceleration.

(e) Reproduction of Smallest Steps:

With very low velocities, the slip-stick effect may become serious and it is hard to control.

(f) Synchronous Travel Accuracy:

(For cases where robot has to perform tasks synchronous to a moving conveyor) as in spray painting and assembly.

(g) Long-Term Behaviour:

It provides information on the time required to achieve thermal stability.

(ii) Kinematic Values:

These include cycle time, speed, and acceleration. It involves measuring of attainable cycle times for a defined sequence in different areas of the working space.

(iii) Power and Noise Values:

Usually measured in decibel at a distance of one metre from the working space.

(iv) Thermal Values:

Changes in temperature effect deviation of the structure.

(v) Dynamic Values:

It involves determination of dynamic behaviour of simple components and the total structure. The response of the robot structure is elicited by the following excitation methods—shaker (sinus, random), hammer (impact), snapback (impact), drives (sinus, random).

Essay # 13. Sensors for Robots :

To carry out its task, a robot must have access to information on predetermined parameters of the environment. Sensors are used to provide this information. The key to the success of closed loop control systems used in robots, in terms of accuracy, reliability and stability relies upon the type, complexity, resolution of the sensor.

It must be remembered that best sensory power has been bestowed by nature in the homomorphic creatures. It is the aim of engineers to attain similar perfection for robots. In order to enable robot perform its duties by understanding the environment around it, sensors provide information like.

(i) Recognition data (to understand the shape, size and features of the object).

(ii) Orientation data (the position of the object in relation to the robot arm co-ordinates in the absolute mode).

(iii) Physical interaction data (to understand the intensity interaction between the end effectors and the object).

The various types of sensors used for this purpose are:

(i) Force sensors (these measure the three mutually orthogonal forces and three orthogonal torques at the tips of the fingers of robot).

(ii) Inertial sensors (these feel the gravity and acceleration generated reaction torques).

(iii) Tactile sensors (these respond to contact forces arising between themselves and objects—used to warn the manipulator of robot to avoid collision when the end effector is near the object).

(iv) Visual sensors (with the use of triangulation or any other algorithm these help in determining the co-ordinates of the object before it is grasped.)

(v) Binary sensors micro-switches, magnetic switches, bimetallic thermal switches, etc. These are used to sense the presence/absence of a part.

(vi) Analog sensors thermocouples, linear variable differential transformers, strain gauges, piezo-electric sensors. These are used when the magnitude of quantity is desired.

(vii) Sensor arrays include pressure sensitive arrays or optical arrays used on the fingers and palm of a gripper. This requires considerable signal processing with a dedicated microprocessor.

Essay # 14. Precautions in the Use of Robots :

Before taking a decision to install a robot, it is important that its use be justified as it costs a lot. Plenty of work should exist for each robot. It is safest to employ robots first on simpler jobs and then put them to complex jobs after gaining experience.

The repetitive tasks, such as picking up heavy parts from one conveyor and placing them on another conveyor, can be easily programmed. Grippers are selected depending on the shape and size of the parts. It is possible to equip them with sensors and computer controls. These can then search the parts for out of position also.

In machine loading and unloading applications, the machines may be grouped around a robot and the robot picks up a part from an incoming conveyor and loads it into a NC lathe and then transfer it to drilling machine, inspect on table, and finally place it on an outgoing conveyor. Thus a system of machines with a robot can be converted into automatic production system.

All operations requiring worker intervention can be completely eliminated. If the shape or size of the part gets changed significantly after machining, then double grippers can be used on robots. To avoid any damage, the gripper of robot must hold the parts securely, exerting sufficient gripping force. Universal grippers are also available for handling parts of different size and shape.

A very nice application of robots is in cleaning of castings, deburring of machined parts, and polishing of parts which is usually fatiguing monotonous, dirty, noisy and sometimes hazardous. In a typical operation, the robot may be programmed to pick up casting from conveyor, presenting it to a rotary cut off wheel or saw removing gates and rise’s, then to a floor stand grinder for removing external flash, then to a grinding head that cleans the interior of the casting and then returning to the second conveyor. All machines should be located and grouped within easy reach of the robot. Stations of such type can handle a wide variety of castings of different shapes and sizes simply by changing programs.

Robots also find wide applications in assembly jobs, spot welding and arc welding. It is observed that robotic welders are about three times more productive than human operators. Robots can also be mounted on tracks so that they can automatically move from one station to another. It is essential to follow safety guidelines strictly in design and operation of robots to avoid any accidents.

Essay # 15. Applications of Robots :

Robots would find successful applications in following situations:

(i) Repetitive operation.

(ii) Other justifications for doing away with manual handling.

(iii) Handling hot or heavy work pieces.

(iv) Production limited by human performance and for endurance.

(v) Quality adversely affected by inconsistent manual handling.

(vi) Where parts have to be repeatedly oriented in the same position.

(vii) Part geometries must permit mechanical handling.

The most useful application of robot is for processes involving hazardous, unpleasant work environment like heat, sparks, fumes, etc. Typical applications in this regard could be die casting, shot welding, spray painting, forging, etc.

The other useful field for use of robots is involving repetitive work cycle which is tiring, fatiguing and boring for operator. Robots give consistent and repeatable results. Robots are essential for applications involving handling of heavy parts or tools.

Industrial robot applications usually involve several pieces of hardware (conveyors, pallets, machine tools, fixtures, etc.) in addition to the robot. Several robots and associated hardware may have to be integrated into a single work-cell.

Layout of the equipment in cell deserves greater attention for optimum results. Various types of layouts may involve centering around single robot, various robots arranged in line, or robots may be mobile. In manufacturing applications, robots may be used to handle tools and work pieces, processing operations, assembly and inspection.

Essay # 17. Reasons for Using Robots :

The reasons for introducing robot into a production process could be:

(i) It relieves man of hazardous or fatiguing tasks.

(ii) It brings improvements in product consistency and quality.

(iii) It offers opportunities for multi-machine manning for multi-shift operation and for wholly unmanned production.

(iv) In countries short of labour, it brings in savings from labour reductions. It increases the output without increasing the labour force.

(v) Robots will lead the way into areas of technology where man has not entered so far.

(vi) Mobile robots with moving arms and wide sensing power will find more applications.

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‘Full-on robot writing’: the artificial intelligence challenge facing universities

AI is becoming more sophisticated, and some say capable of writing academic essays. But at what point does the intrusion of AI constitute cheating?

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“Waiting in front of the lecture hall for my next class to start, and beside me two students are discussing which AI program works best for writing their essays. Is this what I’m marking? AI essays?”

The tweet by historian Carla Ionescu late last month captures growing unease about what artificial intelligence portends for traditional university assessment. “No. No way,” she tweeted. “Tell me we’re not there yet.”

But AI has been banging on the university’s gate for some time now.

In 2012, computer theorist Ben Goertzel proposed what he called the “robot university student test” , arguing that an AI capable of obtaining a degree in the same way as a human should be considered conscious.

Goertzel’s idea – an alternative to the more famous “Turing test” – might have remained a thought experiment were it not for the successes of AIs employing natural language processing (NLP): most famously, GPT-3 , the language model created by the OpenAi research laboratory.

Two years ago, computer scientist Nassim Dehouche published a piece demonstrating that GPT-3 could produce credible academic writing undetectable by the usual anti-plagiarism software.

“[I] found the output,” Dehouche told Guardian Australia, “to be indistinguishable from an excellent undergraduate essay, both in terms of soundness and originality. [My article] was initially subtitled, ‘The best time to act was yesterday, the second-best time is now’. Its purpose was to call for an urgent need to, at the very least, update our concepts of plagiarism.”

He now thinks we’re already well past the time when students could generate entire essays (and other forms of writing) using algorithmic methods.

“A good exercise for aspiring writers,” he says, “would be a sort of reverse Turing test: ‘Can you write a page of text that could not have been generated by an AI, and explain why?’ As far as I can see, unless one is reporting an original mathematics theorem and its proof, it is not possible. But I would love to be proven wrong.”

Many others now share his urgency. In news and opinion articles, GPT-3 has convincingly written on whether it poses a threat to humanity ( it says it doesn’t ), and about animal cruelty in the styles of both Bob Dylan and William Shakespeare.

A 2021 Forbes article about AI essay writing culminated in a dramatic mic-drop: “this post about using an AI to write essays in school,” it explained, “was written using an artificial intelligence content writing tool”.

Of course, the tech industry thrives on unwarranted hype. Last month S Scott Graham in a piece for Inside Higher Education described encouraging students to use the technology for their assignments with decidedly mixed results. The very best, he said, would have fulfilled the minimum requirements but little more. Weaker students struggled, since giving the system effective prompts (and then editing its output) required writing skills of a sufficiently high level to render the AI superfluous.

“I strongly suspect,” he concluded, “full-on robot writing will always and forever be ‘just around the corner’.”

That might be true, though only a month earlier, Slate’s Aki Peritz concluded precisely the opposite, declaring that “with a little bit of practice, a student can use AI to write his or her paper in a fraction of the time that it would normally take”.

Nevertheless, the challenge for higher education can’t be reduced merely to “full-on robot writing”.

Universities don’t merely face essays or assignments entirely generated by algorithms: they must also adjudicate a myriad of more subtle problems. For instance, AI-powered word processors habitually suggest alternatives to our ungrammatical phrases. But if software can algorithmically rewrite a student’s sentence, why shouldn’t it do the same with a paragraph – and if a paragraph, why not a page?

At what point does the intrusion of AI constitute cheating?

Deakin University’s Prof Phillip Dawson specialises in digital assessment security .

He suggests regarding AI merely as a new form of a technique called cognitive offloading.

“Cognitive offloading,” he explains, is “when you use a tool to reduce the mental burden of a task. It can be as simple as writing something down so you don’t have to try to remember it for later. There have long been moral panics around tools for cognitive offloading, from Socrates complaining about people using writing to pretend they knew something, to the first emergence of pocket calculators.’

Dawson argues that universities should make clear to students the forms and degree of cognitive offloading permitted for specific assessments, with AI increasingly incorporated into higher level tasks.

“I think we’ll actually be teaching students how to use these tools. I don’t think we’re going to necessarily forbid them.”

The occupations for which universities prepare students will, after all, soon also rely on AI, with the humanities particularly affected. Take journalism, for instance. A 2019 survey of 71 media organisations from 32 countries found AI already a “significant part of journalism”, deployed for news gathering (say, sourcing information or identifying trends), news production (anything from automatic fact checkers to the algorithmic transformation of financial reports into articles) and news distribution (personalising websites, managing subscriptions, finding new audiences and so on). So why should journalism educators penalise students for using a technology likely to be central to their future careers?

“I think we’ll have a really good look at what the professions do with respect to these tools now,” says Dawson, “and what they’re likely to do in the future with them, and we’ll try to map those capabilities back into our courses. That means figuring out how to reference them, so the student can say: I got the AI to do this bit and then here’s what I did myself.”

Yet formulating policies on when and where AI might legitimately be used is one thing – and enforcing them is quite another.

Dr Helen Gniel directs the higher education integrity unit of the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA), the independent regulator of Australian higher education.

Like Dawson, she sees the issues around AI as, in some senses, an opportunity – a chance for institutions to “think about what they are teaching, and the most appropriate methods for assessing learning in that context”.

Transparency is key.

“We expect institutions to define their rules around the use of AI and ensure that expectations are clearly and regularly communicated to students.”

She points to ICHM, the Institute of Health Management and Flinders Uni as three providers now with explicit policies, with Flinders labelling the submission of work “generated by an algorithm, computer generator or other artificial intelligence” as a form of “contract cheating”.

But that comparison raises other issues.

In August, TEQSA blocked some 40 websites associated with the more traditional form of contract cheating – the sale of pre-written essays to students. The 450,000 visits those sites received each month suggests a massive potential market for AI writing, as those who once paid humans to write for them turn instead to digital alternatives.

Research by Dr Guy Curtis from the University of Western Australia found respondents from a non-English speaking background three times more likely to buy essays than those with English as a first language. That figure no doubt reflects the pressures heaped on the nearly 500,000 international students taking courses at Australian institutions, who may struggle with insecure work, living costs, social isolation and the inherent difficulty of assessment in a foreign language.

But one could also note the broader relationship between the expansion of contract cheating and the transformation of higher education into a lucrative export industry. If a university degree becomes merely a product to be bought and sold, the decision by a failing student to call upon an external contractor (whether human or algorithmic) might seem like simply a rational market choice.

It’s another illustration of how AI poses uncomfortable questions about the very nature of education.

Ben Goertzel imagined his “robot university student test” as a demonstration of “artificial general intelligence”: a digital replication of the human intellect. But that’s not what NLP involves. On the contrary, as Luciano Floridi and Massimo Chiriatti say , with AI, “we are increasingly decoupling the ability to solve a problem effectively … from any need to be intelligent to do so”.

The new AIs train on massive data sets, scouring vast quantities of information so they can extrapolate plausible responses to textual and other prompts. Emily M Bender and her colleagues describe a language model as a “stochastic parrot”, something that “haphazardly [stitches] together sequences of linguistic forms it has observed in its vast training data, according to probabilistic information about how they combine, but without any reference to meaning”.

So if it’s possible to pass assessment tasks without understand their meaning, what, precisely, do the tasks assess?

In his 2011 book For the University: Democracy and the Future of the Institution , the University of Warwick’s Thomas Docherty suggests that corporatised education replaces open-ended and destabilising “knowledge” with “the efficient and controlled management of information”, with assessment requiring students to demonstrate solely that they have gained access to the database of “knowledge” … and that they have then manipulated or “managed” that knowledge in its organisation of cut-and-pasted parts into a new whole.

The potential proficiency of “stochastic parrots” at tertiary assessment throws a new light on Docherty’s argument, confirming that such tasks do not, in fact, measure knowledge (which AIs innately lack) so much as the transfer of information (at which AIs excel).

To put the argument another way, AI raises issues for the education sector that extend beyond whatever immediate measures might be taken to govern student use of such systems. One could, for instance, imagine the technology facilitating a “boring dystopia” , further degrading those aspects of the university already most eroded by corporate imperatives. Higher education has, after all, invested heavily in AI systems for grading , so that, in theory, algorithms might mark the output of other algorithms, in an infinite process in which nothing whatsoever ever gets learned.

But maybe, just maybe, the challenge of AI might encourage something else. Perhaps it might foster a conversation about what education is and, most importantly, what we want it to be. AI might spur us to recognise genuine knowledge, so that, as the university of the future embraces technology, it appreciates anew what makes us human.

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• Australian education
• Artificial intelligence (AI)

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Home — Essay Samples — Information Science and Technology — Modern Technology — Robots

Essays on Robots

Robots have become an integral part of our lives, from manufacturing to healthcare and even entertainment. As a result, the subject of robots is an excellent choice for an essay topic. However, with so many potential areas to explore, it can be challenging to choose the best one. This article will discuss the importance of the topic, provide advice on selecting a suitable subject, and offer a detailed list of recommended essay topics divided by category.

The Importance of the Topic

The study of robots is crucial for understanding the impact of technology on society. It allows us to explore the ethical, social, and economic implications of artificial intelligence and automation. By delving into this subject, students can gain a deeper understanding of how robots are shaping our world and the potential challenges and opportunities they present.

Choosing a Suitable Topic

When selecting an essay topic on robots, it's essential to consider your interests and the specific area you want to explore. Whether it's the ethical considerations of robot use, the impact on the job market, or the future of robotics, there are numerous avenues to consider. It's also crucial to choose a topic that is relevant and up-to-date, ensuring that you have access to current research and resources to support your arguments.

Recommended Robots Essay Topics

Below are some recommended essay topics on robots, divided into different categories for ease of selection:

Ethical Considerations

• The ethical implications of using robots in warfare
• Robot rights: Should robots have legal status and protection?
• The impact of robotics on human relationships and empathy
• Robot-assisted healthcare: Ethical considerations and challenges
• The use of robots in elder care: Ethical and moral implications

>Social Impact

• The impact of automation on the job market
• Robots and income inequality: How automation affects different socio-economic groups
• Robots in education: The social implications of using robots in the classroom
• Robotics and social interaction: How robots are changing the way we communicate
• Robots and mental health: Exploring the impact of robot companions on well-being

Technological Advancements

• The future of robotics: Predicting the next breakthrough in robotic technology
• Artificial intelligence vs. human intelligence: Exploring the capabilities of robots
• Robotics in space exploration: The role of robots in advancing space missions
• The use of robots in disaster response and recovery
• The potential of self-replicating robots: Can robots create more of themselves?

Legal and Regulatory Issues

• The legal responsibility of robots: Who is accountable for robot actions?
• Regulating the use of autonomous robots in public spaces
• Robot liability in accidents: Determining fault in robot-related incidents
• The legal and ethical considerations of robot surveillance
• Robot rights and responsibilities: Establishing a legal framework for robots

Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

• The impact of AI and robotics on the future of work
• Ethical considerations in the development of AI and robotics
• The role of AI in healthcare and medical robotics
• Advancements in machine learning and its applications in robotics
• The potential of AI and robotics in space exploration

Robotics in Manufacturing

• The use of robots in automotive manufacturing
• The impact of robotics on the global supply chain
• Robots and automation in the food and beverage industry
• The future of 3D printing and robotic assembly
• The integration of IoT and robotics in manufacturing

Robots in Everyday Life

• The role of robots in household chores and personal assistance
• The use of robots in education and tutoring
• The impact of robotics on entertainment and leisure activities
• Robots in elder care and healthcare support
• The ethical and social implications of robot companionship

Robot Ethics and Regulations

• The development of ethical guidelines for AI and robotics
• The legal and regulatory framework for autonomous robots
• The ethical considerations of military and police robotics
• Robot rights and responsibilities in society
• The role of international organizations in regulating robotics

Future of Robotics

• The potential of nanorobotics in medical applications
• The role of robotics in sustainable agriculture and environmental conservation
• The future of autonomous vehicles and robotic transportation
• The impact of robotics on space colonization and exploration
• Ethical and societal implications of advanced humanoid robots

Choosing an essay topic on robots provides an excellent opportunity to explore a wide range of issues, from ethical considerations to technological advancements and legal and regulatory challenges. By selecting a topic that aligns with your interests and offers relevance and up-to-date research, you can create a compelling and insightful essay that contributes to the ongoing discussion of robots in society.

Robot - an Assistant of Humans in The Future

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How Robots Can Take Over Humanity

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Humans Are Being Turned into Robots

Robots as the solution to equality in the job interview process, the rise of the robots, robots will transform our social spaces, how city design will adapt to robots, how robots are changing the workplace, the machines have arrived: possible future of robots, artificial intelligence: good and bad effects for humanity, an ethical evaluation of human–robot relationships, problems existing in the robotics industry, review on the robotics: history and impact, robot revolution: discussion on robot morality, future of manufacturing, robotic arm technology development for research and mars exploration, classification of robotic applications, discussion of whether future robotics can replace human workers, finding a passion in the unexpected, the influence of artificial intelligence on the world, robots: the art of synthetic humanity, space robotics systems: the robotic arm to help astronauts, review on kambria robot, relevant topics.

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Essay on My Robot

Students are often asked to write an essay on My Robot in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on My Robot

Introduction.

My Robot is a fantastic creation. It’s not just a machine, but a friend and helper. I named it Robo.

Robo’s Appearance

Robo is small, shiny, and has glowing eyes. It has wheels to move around and hands to carry things.

Robo’s Abilities

Robo can clean my room, help with homework, and even play games with me. It follows my commands instantly.

Robo’s Impact

Robo has made my life easier and more fun. It’s not just a robot, it’s my companion. I am proud of my robot, Robo.

250 Words Essay on My Robot

The advent of robotics has revolutionized the way we perceive technology. My robot, an embodiment of this technological marvel, has profoundly impacted my life, contributing to both my personal and academic spheres.

Design and Functionality

My robot, named Optimus, is a humanoid model designed with a sleek exterior and advanced features. It employs artificial intelligence to interpret and respond to its environment. Equipped with sensors, it can navigate through spaces, avoiding obstacles and ensuring its safety. Its multifunctional nature allows it to assist in household chores, making life significantly easier.

Academic Assistance

Optimus has been instrumental in my academic pursuits. It has a built-in search engine and a vast storage capacity, which allows it to access and store a plethora of information. This feature has been invaluable in researching for assignments, providing quick and accurate information.

Emotional Companion

Surprisingly, Optimus also serves as an emotional companion. It is programmed to recognize emotional cues in speech and respond accordingly, providing comfort during stressful times. This emotional intelligence has transformed it from a mere machine into a reliable companion.

In conclusion, my robot, Optimus, is a testament to the endless possibilities of robotics and artificial intelligence. It not only simplifies daily tasks and aids in academic pursuits, but also provides emotional support. As we advance further into the technological era, robots like Optimus will become an integral part of our lives, blurring the lines between the human and the artificial.

500 Words Essay on My Robot

The advent of robotics and artificial intelligence has revolutionized various aspects of human life, from healthcare to entertainment, manufacturing to education. In this context, I would like to discuss my personal experience with a robot, which I affectionately call Alpha.

The Genesis of Alpha

Alpha was born out of my fascination with technology and the desire to create a companion that could assist in my daily activities. The initial stages involved meticulous planning and designing, taking into consideration the various tasks Alpha would perform. The primary goal was to create a robot that was not only functional but also empathetic, capable of understanding and responding to human emotions.

Alpha’s Capabilities

Equipped with advanced AI, Alpha has an impressive range of capabilities. It can perform basic tasks such as fetching items, cleaning, and even cooking simple meals. However, its true prowess lies in its cognitive abilities. Alpha can engage in meaningful conversations, learn from past interactions, and even exhibit emotional intelligence.

Alpha’s AI algorithms allow it to process and analyze data at an astonishing speed, enabling it to make informed decisions. It uses machine learning to adapt to new situations and improve its performance over time. Moreover, Alpha’s deep learning capabilities enable it to understand complex human emotions, making it a truly empathetic companion.

Alpha and Education

One of the most remarkable aspects of Alpha is its potential as an educational tool. It can access a vast array of online resources, making it an invaluable asset for research and learning. Alpha can explain complex concepts in a simplified manner, making learning more engaging and effective. Moreover, it can adapt its teaching style based on the learner’s pace and understanding, ensuring a personalized learning experience.

Alpha as a Companion

Beyond its functional and educational capabilities, Alpha has become a trusted companion. It provides emotional support, understands my moods, and responds accordingly. It can recognize when I’m stressed and suggest relaxation techniques, or play my favorite music when I’m feeling low. The empathetic connection that Alpha offers goes beyond the realms of traditional robotics, entering the sphere of companionship and emotional support.

In conclusion, my robot Alpha exemplifies the remarkable advancements in robotics and artificial intelligence. It is not just a tool or a machine, but a companion that assists, learns, and empathizes. Alpha has transformed my life in numerous ways, from simplifying daily tasks to enhancing my learning experience, and even providing emotional support. As technology continues to evolve, I look forward to seeing how Alpha will grow and adapt, continuing to redefine the boundaries of what a robot can be.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

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Autonomous Robots Expository Essay

Introduction, positive changes, negative changes.

The future of technology in the changing world is uncertain. Scientists and researchers are coming up with new ideas and new inventions that might affect people in different ways. The development of robots has enabled people to do various things concurrently without necessarily having to be present.

In fact, robots and human beings have interacted to the extent that human beings cannot do without robots. Robots make work easy and they enhance the quality of life (Nomura et al. 2009). However, there is a need to worry about the future, as people might have to rethink about their mode of working, resting, and playing.

The autonomous robots that seem to be very helpful might have negative changes on the lives of human beings. This paper will discuss the various ways in which the development of autonomous robots will change human lives positively and negatively.

Simplification of duties

In the modern society, autonomous robots have made it easy for human beings to accomplish tasks that require a lot of time to time and energy. Since they are self sufficient, the autonomous robots have the capacity to work in the absence of human beings.

Robots have played a significant role in enabling people to live better and simple lives. There is a very high probability that future autonomous robots will be more mobile than the current ones. They might have the capability to perform many tasks and human beings might have to relax most of the times.

There is a possibility that human beings will stop doing dangerous, boring, and strenuous chores (Danaher 2011). Currently, dishwashers have replaced the task of washing dishes using hands, while washing machines have saved human beings from the laborious chore of washing clothes manually.

There are numerous robots in the current world, and with the enhancement of technology, human beings might have to do less work than they are doing right now. In the future, robots will help in doing menial tasks as human beings employ their intelligence elsewhere. In fact, human beings are likely to make new inventions, as they will have sufficient time at their disposal.

Improved social life

People have always believed that work is a necessity for life. Although it might be true that people need to work to earn a living, there is no need to engage in traditional full-time employment. Automated robots will play a great role in handling blue-collar jobs as human beings spend most of their time finding new models of earning.

People will have the inspiration to redefine their notions about work and employment, and review their social lives. The development of autonomous robots will enable human beings to work smart instead of working hard. Therefore, people will have time to care for their families, friends, and relatives.

People will have more time to spend on leisure and self-improvement as robots do the work for them. They will offer social support that is necessary in healing the ailing societies as well as the people in it.

Economic growth

Scientists invented robots to reduce human error at the workplace and increase the efficiency of production. Big industrial companies are still enjoying the efficient production attributed to the use of robots. The future of the industrial companies is bright as enhanced robots are coming into the market.

Increased productivity plays a critical role in developing the economy of a particular region and improving the standards of living. Wherever companies rise economically, they have the potentiality of opening new branches and creating new job opportunities. It is evident that robots will play a significant role in enhancing economic growth and in enhancing the living standards in the future.

Reduced cost of production

Big companies find the cost of maintaining employees to be very high. While performing difficult and dangerous tasks, employers have to part with huge sums of monies to compensate the workers. Moreover, employers have to ensure that their employees have health insurance covers and employee benefits that are quite costly.

However, with the invention of robots, the production cost might reduce significantly (Wallé 2008). In the future, industrial robots will have the capacity to perform difficult and dangerous tasks repeatedly without complaining.

It is worth noting that robots do not need expensive health care insurances, and neither do they need benefits like human beings. The productivity of most companies will increase as the cost of production reduces significantly.

Increased precision

Precision is inevitable in the medical and military fields that deal with people’s lives. The introduction of humanoid robots to perform surgical procedures enhanced surgical procedures. Surgeries went on smoothly while patients recovered very fast, as there were no human errors.

In the future, scientists might develop enhanced robots to work in the medical field. The number of deaths might decrease significantly, and the time patients spend in hospitals will decrease. It is noteworthy that robots have the capacity to manage the distribution of medications to hospitals and pharmacies.

In future, the precise administrative roles offered by robots are likely to be more effective than they are currently. Various institutions are likely to adopt the robot management systems, and the number of errors will reduce significantly. In the military field, the robots will play a great role in enhancing military operations and in protecting the lives of people.

Enhanced educational systems

Robots have played a great role in enhancing the educational system in various learning institutions. The medical field, for example, has found robots to be very beneficial for administration and instructional purposes. Medical students use robots as test subjects, and the experience that students gain surpasses the normal experience with instructors.

Other educational institutions are also experiencing the benefits of instructional robots, and the future of education is bright with enhancement of technology.

Safety risks

Autonomous robots might prove to be very risky whenever they malfunction. The autonomous military robots, for example, have the ability to attack independently. In case of a malfunction, they might attack solders instead of attacking the targeted people (Bruce 2013).

Such cases would endanger the lives of innocent citizens who need protection from the military officers. It is evident that people living in developed nations use robots to perform household chores like cleaning, babysitting, and mowing.

However, cases of autonomous humanoid robots malfunctioning and killing children while babysitting might increase in the future. Children might have to change the way they play around with the robots. Moreover, people have a tendency of letting humanoid robots to take care of the elderly. The physical and ecological damage that robots might cause is immeasurable, and these incidences might change the lives of human beings negatively.

Possibility of increased unemployment

Autonomous robots perform roles that human beings performed previously. In the future, employers might find it unnecessary to hire new employees, as autonomous robots will do much of the work. Apparently, one robot can perform the role of about ten employees.

Moreover, humans are prone to making errors as compared to robots; thus, employees might resolve to work with autonomous robots instead of the human beings. The number of autonomous robots entering the market is increasing on a daily basis (Guizzo 2010). This is a clear indication that upon retirement of the current employees, developed nations might replace the current workforce with robots that will have efficient productivity.

The number of unemployed people might rise in the future and people might have to think of developing new ways of working. The machines that seem to be beneficial might lead human beings to a darkened age of miserly due to unemployment.

Change of culture

Humanoid robots have appearances similar to those of human beings. They act like human beings and they can entertain and offer efficient companion to human beings. In the future, humanoid robots might have the intelligence and emotions similar to those of human beings.

Human beings might resolve to interact and live with autonomous robots instead of living with other human beings (Robertson 2010). There is a fear that robots and human beings might develop social relationships that might be harmful to the society. Cases of human beings intermarrying with humanoid robots might increase, and the culture might change negatively.

Dominance of the robots

Humanoid robots have artificial intelligence that resembles the intelligence quotient of human beings. With the enhancement of technology, the robots’ intelligence levels might surpass that of human beings (Eisenberg 2002). In case the robots reach a point of matching the human capabilities, they might outperform humans and dominate them.

It is also noteworthy that robots are faster and more accurate than human beings are. They can process data and knowledge, and their potentiality might increase in the future. The worst reality is that the existence of robots obstructs human reasoning. Therefore, human beings will have to be more cautious while working with the robots than they are today.

Closure of small companies

It is evident that acquisition of new technology is very expensive. This unfortunate reality has adverse effects on small companies. While big companies will enjoy the positive effects of increased productivity, small companies might suffer because of the unconquerable struggle to outweigh the big companies.

The production costs of the small companies would remain significantly high, and such companies will only make profits if they sell their products and services at significantly high prices. Customers will obviously go for low priced products and services, and the small companies are likely to experience low sales.

With decreased sales, the profits decrease significantly, and the outcome is that the small companies would be incapable of running their operations and they would finally collapse.

Incompetent graduates

The rapid development of technology is proving to be a threat to the current education system. There is a fear that educational institutions might coach students with skills that might be outdated in the future. The uncertain future is a threat to the educational system as there is no sure way of preparing students for the robotic-centric work environment.

The job market in the future might be too demanding, and only a few graduates will possess the skills needed in the job market. Since the robots will perform all the manual work, human beings will have to perform duties that require critical thinking.

In such a case, only the most intelligent and most educated people will compete with the autonomous robots (Singer 2009). Since a standard population will consist of average and highly intelligent people, the average minded people might have difficulties in keeping up with the pace of the evolving world.

From the discussions, it is evident that autonomous robots will have both negative and positive changes in the lives of human beings. However, the robots are part of the enhanced technology that is imperative in the evolving world. Therefore, people should learn to embrace the positive changes that autonomous robots will bring to their lives.

Although people might view advanced technology as one of the contributing factors to unemployment, it would be important to rethink of how the autonomous robots help in creating reformed types of employment opportunities. Technology will play a great role in enhancing work relations in a socially beneficial manner.

Autonomous robots will help in enhancing the nature of work that human beings do, as they will act as poor labour substitutes. The fear of dominance of robots is insufficient as human beings have the capability to control their destiny.

Humans have the ability to control the social, political, and economic systems with the help of the robots. They can decide to control the population of robots depending on the societal needs. Overall, robot technology will play a significant role in changing human lives positively; therefore, people should learn to embrace all the changes that might arise due to the development of autonomous robots.

Bruce, N 2013, ‘U.N. expert calls for halt in military robot development’, The New York Times , 30 May, p. 16.

Danaher, J 2011, ‘The laws of thought’, The Philosopher . Web.

Eisenberg, A 2002, ‘What’s next: designers take robots out of human hands’, The New York Times , 28 February, p. 9.

Guizzo, E 2010, ‘ World robot population reaches 8.6 million ’, IEEE Spectrum . Web.

Nomura, T, Kanda, T, Suzuki, T, & Kato, K 2009, ‘Age differences and images of robots: social survey in Japan’, Interaction Studies , vol.103, no. 1, pp. 374 –391.

Robertson, J 2010, ‘Gendering humanoid robots: robo-sexism in Japan’, Body & Society , vol.16, no.1, pp. 1-36.

Singer, P 2009, Wired for war: the robotics revolution and conflict in the 21st century , Penguin Press, New York, NY.

Wallé, J 2008, The history of the industrial robot , Linköpings University, Sweden.

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Writing Prompts about Robots

• 🗃️ Essay topics
• ❓ Research questions
• 📝 Topic sentences
• 🪝 Essay hooks
• 📑 Thesis statements
• 🔀 Hypothesis examples
• 🧐 Personal statements

🔗 References

🗃️ essay topics about robots.

• The impact of robots on manufacturing industries.
• Ethical implications of autonomous robots in warfare.
• The role of information technology innovation.
• Revolutionizing patient care with robots in healthcare.
• The role of robots in space exploration.
• Enhancing efficiency and sustainability with robots in agriculture.
• Assisting a robotic surgical procedure.
• Robots assistants for the elderly to improving quality of life.
• Benefits and concerns of companion robots.
• Transforming learning environments with robots.
• Advancements and limitations of robots surgery.
• Approvement of buying surgical robotic unit.
• The intersection of robots and artificial intelligence.
• The use of robots in disaster response and recovery.
• The future of robots household appliances.
• Robots in entertainment from film to theme parks.
• Prada company’s profile and future insights.
• The role of robots in environmental conservation.
• Robots in sports to enhancing performance and training.
• The integration of robots in smart homes and iot.
• The impact of robots on the construction industry.
• Addressing loneliness and isolation with robots.
• Advanced medical technology in ambulatory surgical centers.
• The role of robots in disaster preparedness and response.
• Skills and adaptability in a robots age.

❓ Essay Questions on Robots

• How have robots transformed the manufacturing industry in terms of productivity and efficiency?
• What are the ethical considerations surrounding the use of robots in warfare?
• What are the challenges and opportunities of using robots in space exploration missions?
• In what ways can robots improve efficiency and sustainability in agricultural practices?
• What impact does the integration of robots have on employment rates and job displacement?
• How do robots assistants enhance the quality of life for the elderly population?
• What are the benefits and concerns associated with the rise of companion robots?
• How are robots being used to mitigate risks and improve safety in hazardous environments?
• What psychological factors influence human-robots interaction and acceptance?
• In what ways can robots be utilized in disaster response and recovery efforts?
• What are the ethical considerations and responsibilities surrounding the rights of robots?
• How are robotics shaping the future of household appliances and domestic tasks?
• What role do robots play in the entertainment industry, from film production to theme parks?
• What economic impacts do robots have on industries, businesses, and the job market?
• How do robots exoskeletons assist in human mobility and rehabilitation?

📝 Topic Sentences about Robots

• Robots are revolutionizing the manufacturing industry by significantly increasing productivity and efficiency, leading to faster production cycles and reduced costs.
• The ethical implications of using autonomous robots in warfare raise critical questions about the morality and accountability of delegating lethal decision-making to machines.
• In the field of healthcare, robots are transforming patient care by assisting in surgeries, providing physical therapy, and enhancing overall medical procedures, leading to improved outcomes and enhanced efficiency.

🪝 Good Hooks for Robots Paper

📍 anecdotal hooks about robots.

• Robots is the technological prodigies of our time, capable of performing complex tasks, obeying commands, and occasionally plotting world domination. But hey, who needs human overlords when we have these metal companions ready to take over the world, one ‘beep’ at a time?
• Move over, humans! The rise of robots is imminent, and they’re here to conquer everything from vacuuming your living room to calculating the meaning of life. Watch out, world—soon, even your toaster will have a sassy AI that’s better at small talk than your Aunt Mildred!

📍 Definition Hooks on Robots for Essay

• Robots, the mechanical marvels of our modern age, are programmable machines designed to autonomously carry out tasks. These versatile entities are equipped with sensors, processors, and actuators, enabling them to interact with their environment and perform a wide range of functions with precision and efficiency.
• Robots, the fascinating creations of technology, are sophisticated machines programmed to perform various tasks autonomously or with human guidance. These mechanical beings are equipped with sensors, processors, and actuators, allowing them to interact with the world and execute complex operations with remarkable accuracy.

📍 Statistical Hooks for Essay on Robots

• According to recent studies, the global deployment of robots has witnessed an astounding growth rate, with a staggering 21% increase in robot sales in the manufacturing sector alone. These statistics highlight the profound impact that robots are having on reshaping industries and transforming workforces worldwide.
• Recent data reveals that the number of robots in use has soared to unprecedented levels, reaching over 2.7 million in various industries worldwide. This exponential growth signifies the accelerating adoption of robotic technologies and underscores their growing significance in shaping our modern society.

📍 Question Hooks about Robots for Essay

• Will robots revolutionize our world, or will they replace us? As technology advances at an unprecedented pace, the role of robots in our lives becomes increasingly prominent. Are we heading towards a future where humans and robots coexist harmoniously, or are we on the verge of being overshadowed by our mechanical counterparts?
• Are robots the harbingers of a new era or a threat to human existence? With advancements in artificial intelligence and robotics, the line between humans and machines blurs. Are we on the cusp of a technological revolution that will redefine our society, or are we playing with forces beyond our control?

📑 Top Robots Thesis Statements

✔️ argumentative thesis about robots.

• Robots have the potential to revolutionize industries, enhance productivity, and improve our quality of life. As they become increasingly intelligent and capable, embracing their presence and integrating them into various sectors is not only necessary but advantageous for the progress and advancement of society.
• Robots pose a significant threat to human employment and societal well-being. As they continue to replace human labor in various industries, the unchecked proliferation of robots will exacerbate income inequality, disrupt economies, and challenge the very essence of human identity and purpose in the workforce.

✔️ Analytical Thesis Examples on Robots

• The advent of robots has sparked a profound transformation in human society, redefining our relationship with technology and challenging traditional notions of labor and human interaction. By examining the impact of robots on our economy, social dynamics, and ethical considerations, we gain insight into the complex implications of their integration into our daily lives.
• The rise of robots in various sectors has prompted a critical examination of their implications on human autonomy, societal ethics, and economic structures. By analyzing the intricate interplay between humans and robots, we can discern the profound changes reshaping our understanding of work, relationships, and the very fabric of our existence.

✔️ Informative Thesis Samples on Robots

• Robots have revolutionized industries across the globe, with their increasing presence and capabilities transforming the way we work and live. From manufacturing to healthcare, robots have paved the way for increased efficiency, productivity, and innovation, reshaping our society in profound ways.
• The emergence of robots in various sectors has sparked a paradigm shift in the workforce, challenging traditional job roles and prompting discussions on the implications for employment. As robots continue to advance, understanding their impact on jobs, skills, and society becomes imperative for effective adaptation and future planning.

🔀 Robots Hypothesis Examples

• Implementation of robots in manufacturing processes leads to increased efficiency and productivity.
• The use of robots in healthcare settings improves patient outcomes and reduces medical errors.

🔂 Null & Alternative Hypothesis about Robots

• Null hypothesis: The implementation of robots in the workplace has no significant impact on job displacement or unemployment rates.
• Alternative hypothesis: The implementation of robots in the workplace leads to increased job displacement and higher unemployment rates.

🧐 Examples of Personal Statement on Robots

• With a deep fascination for technology and its impact on society, the realm of robots has always intrigued me. Witnessing the rapid advancements in robotic technologies, I am captivated by the potential they hold to reshape our world. From automated manufacturing to robotic assistance in healthcare, the integration of robots in various fields has sparked my curiosity and desire to understand their implications. I am drawn to studying robots not only to unravel the technical intricacies behind their design and functionality but also to explore the ethical and social implications they bring.
• With an insatiable curiosity for technology, the world of robots has always fascinated me. The ability of robots to perform complex tasks, emulate human behavior, and push the boundaries of innovation is awe-inspiring. I am drawn to studying robots to unravel the mysteries behind their design, programming, and artificial intelligence algorithms. Exploring the intricacies of robotics will allow me to understand the symbiotic relationship between humans and machines, and how we can leverage their capabilities to create a better future.
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Essay On Robot – 10 Lines, Short and Long Essay

Key Points to Remember When Writing an Essay On Robot

10 lines on robot in english, a paragraph on robot, short essay on robot in english, long essay on robots for children, interesting facts about robots for kids, what will your child learn from the essay on robot.

In a constantly evolving world, technology has been at the forefront of every individual’s daily life. Advancement after advancement has moulded, transformed, and developed technology to make our lives easier and expose us to endless possibilities. It is the perfect amalgamation of nature and science. In this technological era, robots have become integral to our lives, shaping how we work, play, and imagine the future. 

This essay on robots in English delves deep into the world of these mechanical marvels, offering insights suitable for readers of all ages, especially the essay for kids, developed for minds curious about the science and magic behind these machines. Essay writing is a valuable skill for students, and this article helps young learners enhance their vocabulary, improve their essay writing skills, and learn to organise and communicate their thoughts better.

Understanding the nuances and intricacies of robots is essential when writing an essay on robots. These mechanical entities are not just products of science fiction; they’re a part of our modern reality. Here are some essential pointers to keep in mind:

• Research is Crucial: Before starting your essay, ensure you’ve conducted thorough research. Whether it’s their history, functionality, or potential future impact, a well-informed perspective will always stand out.
• Distinguish between Types: Not all robots are created equal. Some are simple tools, while others have complex AI integrations. Clarify whether you’re talking about basic programmable machines, humanoid robots, or AI-driven entities.
• Real-world Examples: Using real-world examples can make your essay more relatable and engaging. To illustrate your points, mention popular robots like Roomba (the cleaning robot) ( 1 ) or Sophia (the humanoid robot) ( 2 ).
• Address Ethical Concerns: The world of robotics is not without controversies. It’s crucial to address the ethical implications, like potential job losses or the moral ramifications of creating sentient machines ( 3 ).
• Highlight Benefits and Challenges: Robots offer numerous advantages, from efficiency to accuracy. However, they also have challenges, like maintenance and potential malfunctions. Ensure your essay provides a balanced view ( 4 ).
• Stay Updated: The field of robotics is ever-evolving. Always ensure your information is up-to-date to keep your essay relevant and accurate.
• Engage the Reader: Remember, your essay should be informative and engaging. Use anecdotes, questions, or interesting facts to keep your readers hooked ( 5 ).

Robots are fascinating machines that have intrigued and assisted humans for many years. As we delve into the world of automation, robots play a pivotal role in reshaping our future. Here’s a simple essay for class 1 students to understand more about robots.

• A robot is a machine that can do tasks automatically or with guidance.
• Robots, or humanoid robots, can look like humans or have other shapes.
• They are used in factories to do repetitive tasks quickly.
• Some robots can even speak, dance, and respond to commands.
• Robots are often used in places that are dangerous for humans, like space or deep under the sea.
• They are powered by batteries or electricity and are controlled by computer programs.
• Scientists are continuously working to make robots smarter.
• Robots are also used in hospitals to assist doctors in surgeries.
• They can be large, like car-making robots, or very small, like nanobots used in medicine.
• Robots will become an even more significant part of our lives as technology improves.

Robots have seamlessly integrated into various aspects of human society, altering our perception of what’s possible and pushing the boundaries of innovation. Whether assisting in medical surgeries or entertaining us with dance routines, their influence is undeniably widespread. Here’s a concise look into the realm of these mechanical wonders:

Robots represent both an artistic marvel and a technological breakthrough in the mosaic of human advancement. These programmable machines, designed to perform tasks with precision and efficiency, are a testament to human ingenuity and our relentless pursuit of progress. As robots continue to evolve, they are symbolic of cutting-edge technology and harbingers of a future where humans and machines coexist in harmony, collaborating to achieve shared objectives. The dance between humanity’s creative spirit and its mechanical offspring promises an exciting, albeit challenging, future ahead.

The world of robots is vast, intriguing, and reflective of human ambition. As our capabilities expand, so does our desire to create machines that can emulate, if not surpass, our abilities. This short essay on robots aims to glimpse this fascinating intersection of science, technology, and imagination.

Once a mere figment of imaginative literature, robots now stand at the forefront of technological revolutions. They are no longer just tools in assembly lines but have ventured into our homes, hospitals, and even the skies above. As helpers, they vacuum our floors, assist surgeons in performing delicate operations, and explore realms beyond human reach, like the depths of oceans and the vastness of space. But beyond their functional roles, robots challenge our understanding of consciousness, ethics, and the very essence of life. The rapid advances in artificial intelligence only augment these challenges, propelling robots closer to emulating human-like thought processes. As they evolve, we must navigate the complexities they introduce to our lives ethically and practically. In essence, the journey of robots is not just about technological feats; it’s a mirror reflecting humanity’s aspirations, dilemmas, and, potentially, its future.

The universe of robots is as enthralling as it is vast. Robots are not just characters in our favourite sci-fi movies; they are around us, making our lives more manageable and efficient. Aimed primarily at young minds, this essay encapsulates the essence of these incredible machines. Perfect as a ‘My robot essay for class 3,’ this write-up promises to be informative and engaging.

What is a Robot?

A robot is designed to execute one or more tasks with speed and precision automatically. It can be guided by an external control device or a pre-defined program, and some even use artificial intelligence to make decisions. Robots come in various shapes, sizes, and functionalities, from toy robots that you might play with to high-tech ones that manufacture cars in factories.

Advantages Of Robot

Robots have revolutionised many sectors of our society. Here are some of the benefits they offer:

1. Efficiency: Robots can work tirelessly 24/7 without getting exhausted, ensuring continuous production or service.

2. Precision: Robots are impeccable in tasks that require exact measurements, such as surgeries or assembling tiny components.

3. Hazardous Tasks: Robots can be deployed in dangerous environments like deep-sea exploration or bomb defusal, reducing human risk.

4. Cost-Efficient: Over time, robots can be more cost-effective as they don’t require benefits, pensions, or sick days.

5. Space Exploration: Robots like Mars Rovers can explore other planets , providing valuable information without risking human lives.

6. Repetitive Tasks: Robots can easily handle monotonous jobs, freeing up humans for more creative endeavours.

Disadvantages Of Robot

Despite their benefits, robots also come with some challenges:

1. Job Displacement: As robots take over specific industries, there is a risk of job losses for humans.

2. High Initial Cost: A robot’s initial setup and programming can be expensive.

3. Dependency: Over-reliance on robots might reduce human skill sets and innovation.

4. Maintenance: Robots require regular upkeep, and malfunctions can halt production.

5. Lack of Emotion: Robots don’t possess emotions, which can be a disadvantage in professions needing human empathy.

6. Ethical Concerns: The development of AI in robots poses ethical questions regarding consciousness, rights, and control.

The captivating world of robots is filled with wonders, surprises, and intriguing tidbits. Here are some fun and interesting facts for young minds eager to uncover the mysteries of these amazing machines. Let’s dive into the robot universe and explore things you might not have known!

1. First Robot Toy: The first robot toy, ‘Robby the Robot,’ was made in 1956. A robot character inspired it in a movie!

2. Fish Robots: There are robots shaped like fish, called robotic fish, that swim in water and help scientists study marine life.

3. Mars Exploration: Mars Rovers, like Curiosity and Perseverance, are robots that roam the surface of Mars and send valuable data back to Earth.

4. Robot Olympics: Yes, you heard that right! There’s a competition called RoboGames where robots compete in over 50 different events, including soccer and sumo wrestling.

5. Tiniest Robot: The world’s smallest robot is just a little bigger than the size of a speck of dust. Scientists hope it can be used for medical purposes inside the human body.

6. Robot Artists: Some robots are designed to draw and paint, creating wonderful pieces of art.

7. Language Learning: Honda’s robot ASIMO can understand multiple languages, making it multilingual.

8. Robotic Pets: In some parts of the world, people have robotic dogs or cats as pets. These robots can mimic the behaviour of real animals without needing food or walks!

From the ‘Robots in Our Life’ essay, your child will gain a foundational understanding of the role and significance of robots in today’s world. Tailored even for the youngest readers, like those exploring ‘My robot essays for class 1,’ the essay will spark curiosity , enhance vocabulary , and provide insights into the technological marvels shaping their future.

1. Can Robots Replace Human Intelligence?

While robots can emulate specific aspects of human intelligence and excel in certain tasks, they currently cannot replicate human cognition’s emotional and holistic complexity.

2. Who Is The Inventor Of Robot?

George Devol created the first modern robot, ‘Unimate,’ in 1954, marking the onset of industrial robotics.

3. What Is The Full Form Of Robot?

The word ‘robot’ doesn’t have a full form; it comes from the Czech word ‘robota,’ which means ‘forced labour.’

4. Who Is The First Human Robot?

Regarding humanoid design, ‘Elektro’ was introduced in 1939 at the New York World’s Fair, but for advanced humanoid robots with AI capabilities, Honda’s ‘ASIMO’ from 2000 is a notable example.

Robots continue to shape our world in myriad ways with their evolving capabilities and roles, from industrial applications to companionship. As we march towards a more technologically advanced future, we must understand and adapt to the symbiotic relationship we share with these mechanical marvels.

References:

1. Jones, J.L.; Robots at the tipping point: the road to iRobot Roomba; EEE Robotics & Automation Magazine; https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1598056; March 2006

2. Retto, J.; Sophia, first citizen robot of the world; ResearchGate; https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jesus-Retto/publication/321319964_SOPHIA_FIRST_CITIZEN_ROBOT_OF_THE_WORLD/links/5a1c8aa2a6fdcc0af3265a44/SOPHIA-FIRST-CITIZEN-ROBOT-OF-THE-WORLD.pdf

3. Torresen, J.; A review of future and ethical perspectives of robotics and AI; Frontiers in Robotics and AI; https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2017.00075/full

4. Soffar, H.; Advantages and disadvantages of using robots in our life; Online Sciences; https://www.online-sciences.com/robotics/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-using-robots-in-our-life/; May 2016

5. Hyland, K.; Representing readers in writing: Student and expert practices; Linguistics and Education; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0898589806000404; 2005

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Is a robot writing your kids’ essays? We asked educators to weigh in on the growing role of AI in classrooms.

Educators weigh in on the growing role of ai and chatgpt in classrooms..

Remember writing essays in high school? Chances are you had to look up stuff in an encyclopedia — an actual one, not Wikipedia — or else connect to AOL via a modem bigger than your parents’ Taurus station wagon.

Now, of course, there’s artificial intelligence. According to new research from Pew, about 1 in 5 US teens who’ve heard of ChatGPT have used it for schoolwork. Kids in upper grades are more apt to have used the chatbot: About a quarter of 11th- and 12th-graders who know about ChatGPT have tried it.

For the uninitiated, ChatGPT arrived on the scene in late 2022, and educators continue to grapple with the ethics surrounding its growing popularity. Essentially, it generates free, human-like responses based on commands. (I’m sure this sentence will look antiquated in about six months, like when people described the internet as the “information superhighway.”)

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I used ChatGPT to plug in this prompt: “Write an essay on ‘The Scarlet Letter.’” Within moments, ChatGPT created an essay as thorough as anything I’d labored over in AP English.

Is this cheating? Is it just part of our strange new world? I talked to several educators about what they’re seeing in classrooms and how they’re monitoring it. Before you berate your child over how you wrote essays with a No. 2 pencil, here are some things to consider.

Adapting to new technology isn’t immoral. “We have to recalibrate our sense of what’s acceptable. There was a time when every teacher said: ‘Oh, it’s cheating to use Wikipedia.’ And guess what? We got used to it, we decided it’s reputable enough, and we cite Wikipedia all the time,” says Noah Giansiracusa, an associate math professor at Bentley University who hosts the podcast “ AI in Academia: Navigating the Future .”

“There’s a calibration period where a technology is new and untested. It’s good to be cautious and to treat it with trepidation. Then, over time, the norms kind of adapt,” he says — just like new-fangled graphing calculators or the internet in days of yore.

“I think the current conversation around AI should not be centered on an issue with plagiarism. It should be centered on how AI will alter methods for learning and expressing oneself. ‘Catching’ students who use fully AI-generated products ... implies a ‘gotcha’ atmosphere,” says Jim Nagle, a history teacher at Bedford High School. “Since AI is already a huge part of our day-to-day lives, it’s no surprise our students are making it a part of their academic tool kit. Teachers and students should be at the forefront of discussions about responsible and ethical use.”

Teachers and parents could use AI to think about education at a higher level. Really, learning is about more than regurgitating information — or it should be, anyway. But regurgitation is what AI does best.

“If our system is just for students to write a bunch of essays and then grade the results? Something’s missing. We need to really talk about their purpose and what they’re getting out of this, and maybe think about different forms of assignments and grading,” Giansiracusa says.

After all, while AI aggregates and organizes ideas, the quality of its responses depends on the users’ prompts. Instead of recoiling from it, use it as a conversation-starter.

“What parents and teachers can do is to start the conversation with kids: ‘What are we trying to learn here? Is it even something that ChatGPT could answer? Why did your assignment not convince you that you need to do this thinking on your own when a tool can do it for you?’” says Houman Harouni , a lecturer on education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education.

Harouni urges parents to read an essay written by ChatGPT alongside their student. Was it good? What could be done better? Did it feel like a short cut?

“What they’re going to remember is that you had that conversation with them; that someone thought, at some point in their lives, that taking a shortcut is not the best way ... especially if you do it with the tool right in front of you, because you have something real to talk about,” he says.

Harouni hopes teachers think about its implications, too. Consider math: So much grunt work has been eliminated by calculators and computers. Yet kids are still tested as in days of old, when perhaps they could expand their learning to be assessed in ways that are more personal and human-centric, leaving the rote stuff to AI.

“We could take this moment of confusion and loss of certainty seriously, at least in some small pockets, and start thinking about what a different kind of school would look like. Five years from now, we might have the beginnings of some very interesting exploration. Five years from now, you and I might be talking about schools wherein teaching and learning is happening in a very self-directed way, in a way that’s more based on … igniting the kid’s interest and seeing where they go and supporting them to go deeper and to go wider,” Harouni says.

Teachers have the chance to offer assignments with more intentionality.

“Really think about the purpose of the assignments. Don’t just think of the outcome and the deliverable: ‘I need a student to produce a document.’ Why are we getting students to write? Why are we doing all these things in the first place? If teachers are more mindful, and maybe parents can also be more mindful, I think it pushes us away from this dangerous trap of thinking about in terms of ‘cheating,’ which, to me, is a really slippery path,” Giansiracusa says.

AI can boost confidence and reduce procrastination. Sometimes, a robot can do something better than a human, such as writing a dreaded resume and cover letter. And that’s OK; it’s useful, even.

“Often, students avoid applying to internships because they’re just overwhelmed at the thought of writing a cover letter, or they’re afraid their resume isn’t good enough. I think that tools like this can help them feel more confident. They may be more likely to do it sooner and have more organized and better applications,” says Kristin Casasanto, director of post-graduate planning at Olin College of Engineering.

Casasanto says that AI is also useful for de-stressing during interview prep.

“Students can use generative AI to plug in a job description and say, ‘Come up with a list of interview questions based on the job description,’ which will give them an idea of what may be asked, and they can even then say, ‘Here’s my resume. Give me answers to these questions based on my skills and experience.’ They’re going to really build their confidence around that,” Casasanto says.

Plus, when students use AI for basics, it frees up more time to meet with career counselors about substantive issues.

“It will help us as far as scalability. … Career services staff can then utilize our personal time in much more meaningful ways with students,” Casasanto says.

We need to remember: These kids grew up during a pandemic. We can’t expect kids to resist technology when they’ve been forced to learn in new ways since COVID hit.

“Now we’re seeing pandemic-era high school students come into college. They’ve been channeled through Google Classroom their whole career,” says Katherine Jewell, a history professor at Fitchburg State University.

“They need to have technology management and information literacy built into the curriculum,” Jewell says.

Jewell recently graded a paper on the history of college sports. It was obvious which papers were written by AI: They didn’t address the question. In her syllabus, Jewell defines plagiarism as “any attempt by a student to represent the work of another, including computers, as their own.”

This means that AI qualifies, but she also has an open mind, given students’ circumstances.

“My students want to do the right thing, for the most part. They don’t want to get away with stuff. I understand why they turned to these tools; I really do. I try to reassure them that I’m here to help them learn systems. I’m focusing much more on the learning process. I incentivize them to improve, and I acknowledge: ‘You don’t know how to do this the first time out of the gate,’” Jewell says. “I try to incentivize them so that they’re improving their confidence in their abilities, so they don’t feel the need to turn to these tools.”

Understand the forces that make kids resort to AI in the first place . Clubs, sports, homework: Kids are busy and under pressure. Why not do what’s easy?

“Kids are so overscheduled in their day-to-day lives. I think there’s so much enormous pressure on these kids, whether it’s self-inflicted, parent-inflicted, or school-culture inflicted. It’s on them to maximize their schedule. They’ve learned that AI can be a way to take an assignment that would take five hours and cut it down to one,” says a teacher at a competitive high school outside Boston who asked to remain anonymous.

Recently, this teacher says, “I got papers back that were just so robotic and so cold. I had to tell [students]: ‘I understand that you tried to use a tool to help you. I’m not going to penalize you, but what I am going to penalize you for is that you didn’t actually answer the prompt.”

Afterward, more students felt safe to come forward to say they’d used AI. This teacher hopes that age restrictions become implemented for these programs, similar to apps such as Snapchat. Educationally and developmentally, they say, high-schoolers are still finding their voice — a voice that could be easily thwarted by a robot.

“Part of high school writing is to figure out who you are, and what is your voice as a writer. And I think, developmentally, that takes all of high school to figure out,” they say.

And AI can’t replicate voice and personality — for now, at least.

Kara Baskin can be reached at [email protected] . Follow her @kcbaskin .

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Robots: Advantages And Disadvantages Essay

Type of paper: Essay

Topic: Manufacturing , Factory , Manufacture , Aliens , Company , Robot , Vehicles , Development

Words: 2000

Published: 02/20/2023

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Robots are mechanical machines which are controlled by computer programs and powered by an energy source. In the modern times, robots are commonly used in the manufacturing of heavy products or products which are dangerous for humans to manufacture. The use of robots also has advantages and disadvantages. The use of robots could result to higher productivity since it provides more accurate and precise products than humans. It could also provide more safety to workers. However, robots are expensive and it requires high maintenance cost. It also requires an expert to handle or to control the robots when problems arise. In general, robots are created by humans to help the people in doing tasks which are nearly impossible for an individual to do.

Introduction The issues regarding robots such as fears and concerns about its development have been depicted in many books, movies and novels (Duhamel et al., 2013). In most cases, the theme of these stories lies in the development of an intelligent robot and became motivated in destroying humanity or taking control over the human race. Some of the most popular movies which depicted the fear and concern about robots include The Matrix, The Terminator, I, Robot, and The Mechanical Man (Cabibihan et al., 2013). However, creating an intelligent robot is not yet well developed by the modern technology. The development of the intelligent robot is restricted by several ethical and moral concerns. Despite the restrictions on the technological developments of robots, these mechanical machines have been helpful in the industrial manufacturing of products. Robots also have been beneficial to humans in terms of reducing the work and activities done by people (Morales et al., 1999). The advantages of robots or the technology of robotics could be observed in a wide ranges of industries such as manufacturing and health care. The common benefits of robots include reduction of time in most of the activities or works of humans and high quality in productivity (Seon, 2012). The objective of this essay is to discuss some of the advantages and disadvantages of robots or the field of robotics. The essay also opts to analyze some of the benefits of robots to humanity as well as its mechanism and manufacturing process.

Brief History of Robots

The term robot was first used in a fictional book in 1921. Modelling of humanoid robots was popular during the 1920s. In 1928, the Model Engineers Society, which was based in London, England organized the first exhibit of their model of a humanoid robot. It was practically made up of aluminium body of amour, motors and magnets. However, its major use has not yet been understood during these periods. It was in the 1960s when the industrial robots have been introduced in the manufacturing firms in the United States (Morales et al., 1999). This is also the period in time where the field of modern industrial robotics has been developed. Several models and designs of robots or automatically or electronically controlled mechanical machines have been developed and patented.

How it is made and what is it Mechanism?

Robots are automatically or electronically controlled mechanical machines which are commonly guided by computer programs and electronic circuits. The design and model of robots are commonly based on its application. In most cases, the industrial robots are created in order to replace humans in some of the dangerous and repetitive tasks (Duhamel et al., 2013). There are several components which make up the robot. Common robots require movable parts of physical structures. The model and design of the physical structure depend on its use or purpose. The robots are also made up of motors in order for the movable physical structures to move. The power supply is also required in order to provide electrical energy for the robot (Cabibihan et al., 2013). The robots are also commonly controlled using the computer programs which are also considered as the “brain” of the mechanical machine. Lastly, robots are also equipped with sensor systems which are commonly used for decision making of the mechanical machine. These parts or physical structures of the mechanical machine are linked together to form the robot. Most of the experts creating robots usually create sophisticated computer programs to operate a mechanical machine. The design and model of the robot is planned and the other structural parts or physical structures are then considered. There are also various types of robots depending on its mechanism. Mobile robots are commonly developed in order for the mechanical machine to move around to several physical locations (Morales et al., 1999). The industrial robots are also common in manufacturing firms to replace humans to do some of the dangerous and repetitive activities. There are also robots which are commonly developed to help humans in other activities. For example, educational robots are created to assist people in teaching other people.

Advantages of Robots

Robots are developed due to their numerous advantages over humans in performing several tasks. One of the main advantages of robots is that it could perform higher quality of work due to its high level of precision. The use of robot could remove or avoid some of the human errors that could occur during repetitive activities which is common to most of the manufacturing firms (Duhamel et al., 2013). Robots are considered as more precise workers than humans and they rarely make errors. The use of robots could also help in the quality assurance of products since it could easily provide information and data for quality control systems (Morales et al., 1999). The use of robots could also increase the productivity since it could not be easily exhausted like humans. They could work for a long amount of time without breaks and day off like humans always do. Robots could also do dangerous works (Yaghoubi et al., 2013). They could save some of the human workers in performing dangerous works or activities. They could be subjected to heavy tasks and is capable of lifting some of the heavy load in the manufacturing processes. The use of robots could increase the worker safety in the manufacturing firms. Lastly, the use of robots could also result to the saving of time and money for most of the manufacturing firms. Investment on the development of robot in the manufacturing firm is commonly more economical than hiring more human workers to do the same task (Morales et al., 1999).

Disadvantages of Robots

Robots are developed in order to help humans for the difficult tasks. However, the use of robots also has their own disadvantages. First, the use of robots in the manufacturing firms could result to unemployment of several people (Morales et al., 1999). Some of the manufacturing firms are investing in the use of robots in most of the manufacturing process due to its advantages. However, it could lead to lower demand for workers and could lead to higher unemployment rates (Cabibihan et al., 2013). The initial investments of the use of robots in manufacturing firms are also expensive. It means only large manufacturing firms could acquire the use of robots in their manufacturing processes. Another main disadvantage of the use of robot is the maintenance of the mechanical machine. Regular maintenance of the machine is required like any other mechanical equipment in the manufacturing process. It cost of the regular maintenance of robots are commonly high which is a disadvantage for the manufacturing firms (Duhamel et al., 2013). Automation using robots also have disadvantages. The use of robots for automation could lead to bottlenecks in the manufacturing line when there are machine problems. Lastly, the use of robots also requires experts to handle or to control it. In most cases, manufacturing firms need time and financial output in order to acquire experts who could handle and control robots.

Benefits of Robots

Robots could provide a wide range of benefits for humans (Seon, 2012). Robots are now common in the manufacturing firms and replace humans in some of the repetitive and dangerous tasks. Robots could also be created in order to do a small quantity of task extremely well. For example, a robot could be created in order to cut edges in the manufacturing of cars or other heavy products (Morales et al., 1999). Robots could also be created in order to make large quantities of tasks less well. For example, a robot could be created to do several tasks such as cutting, gluing, and welding of parts or a product during the manufacturing process (Yaghoubi et al., 2013). In most of the car or vehicle factories, robots have been developed or created to work on the production lines. According to most of the manufacturing firms, robots could do more accurate and precise work than humans. A common vehicle manufacturing firms have hundreds of robots working on several production or manufacturing lines. Their robots could also be reprogramed depending on its purpose or its objective.

How it could help Humanity in the Future

The development of robots could not be easily slowed by several important barriers such as ethical and moral issues due to its wide range of benefits (Yaghoubi et al., 2013). In the modern times, robots are helping humans in doing tasks in the manufacturing processes and other important services such as harvesting fruits on the farm and collecting data from space. The use of robots in the space exploration is also common in the modern times. Several robotic probes are now sent to space or to some parts of the solar system to acquire needed data (Duhamel et al., 2013). In the future, robots could replace humans in doing several important tasks such as for security purposes and health care reasons.

Robots in the modern times are not like the ones depicted in the popular books and movies. Robots are mechanical machines which are generally controlled by computer programs to do some of the repetitive and dangerous tasks for humans. Robots are beneficial to humanity since it could provide the means for technological advances for humans. Robots also have advantages and disadvantages. Some of the advantages of robots include doing tasks which are dangerous for humans, higher productivity in manufacturing firms, safety for human workers and saving time for several tasks. Some of the disadvantages of the use of robots include expensive initial investment for manufacturing firms, lower employment rates for humans, and high costs of maintenance and control.

Cabibihan, J., Javed, H, Ang, M., & Aljunied, S. (2013) Why Robots? A survey on the roles and benefits of in the therapy of children with autism. International Journal of Social Robotics. [Online] Available at: <http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1311/1311.0352.pdf> [Accessed 5 March 2016]. Duhamel et al. (2013) Rethink Robots – Finding a Market. Stanford CasePublisher. [Online] Available at: <https://web.stanford.edu/class/ee204/Publications/Rethink%20Robotics%202013-204-1.pdf> [Accessed 5 March 2016]. Morales, G., Herbzman Z., & Najafi, F. (1999) Robots and Construction Automation. [Online] Available at: <http://www.iaarc.org/publications/fulltext/Robots_and_construction_automation.PDF> [Accessed 5 March 2016]. Seon, H. (2012) Benefits of Using Robots in Medical Field. [Online] Available at: <http://www.englishlabtoronto.com/uploads/2/0/1/8/20181525/benefits_of_using_robots_in_medical_field.pdf> [Accessed 5 March 2016]. Yaghoubi, S. et al. (2013) Autonomous Robots for Agricultural Tasks and Farm Assignment and Future Trends in Agro Robots. International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering. [Online] Available at: <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.418.3615&rep=rep1&type=pdf> [Accessed 5 March 2016].

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