model essay 3 pdf

• school Campus Bookshelves
• menu_book Bookshelves
• perm_media Learning Objects
• login Login
• how_to_reg Request Instructor Account
• hub Instructor Commons
• Download Page (PDF)
• Download Full Book (PDF)
• Periodic Table
• Physics Constants
• Scientific Calculator
• Reference & Cite
• Tools expand_more
• Readability

selected template will load here

This action is not available.

3.4: Cause and Effect Model Essay 3

• Last updated
• Save as PDF
• Page ID 174290

Read the following essay, fill in the blanks with suitable cause-effect signal words and phrases. Pay attention to the sentence structure to help you decide. There may be more than one correct sign word or phrase.

First Name Last Name

Professor Name

Course Name and Number

Month Day Year

The Effects of Dropping Out of High School

(1) Every year thousands of teenagers drop out of high school. Some of these teenagers are wage earners who need to contribute to the family income. For them, the immediate need of helping out financially overrides their need for a diploma. Some teenagers did not get a strong academic foundation in elementary and middle school, so the high school curriculum proves to be too challenging, which leads to frustration. They find it easier to leave school and start life as working adults. Still others become involved in illegal activities, which often includes drug use. Such a lifestyle is not compatible with regular attendance and study necessary for high school success. In spite of the efforts of parents, teachers, and counselors, these teens end up leaving school to face whatever “real life” brings them. In their situations, it is difficult for them to see that leaving school will have profound effects on their finances, their ability to function in society, and even their sense of self-worth.

(2) Clearly, leaving high school without a diploma will have a negative (a) ____________on a person’s finances. Though there are jobs that do not require a high school diploma, these are often not suitable for the long term. Most of these are minimum-wage paying jobs, paying hourly wages that barely cover basic living expenses. Such jobs are usually in the service industry and are often physically demanding. They typically do not offer a lot of job satisfaction. Though there are some better-paying jobs that do not require a high school diploma such as utility line installers, heavy equipment operators, and communications installers, these jobs rarely (b)______________ higher-level managerial positions without a high school diploma. (c) _____________, for the rest of his life, the high school dropout is locked in a job with little hope of significant pay increases to keep up with the cost of living or to provide for a family beyond life’s basics.

(3) Dropping out of high school can also negatively (d) ______________a person’s ability to function as a fully participating member of society. High school math skills, which go beyond the basics, are necessary to function as an informed consumer. These skills affect good decision making about everything from home mortgages to retirement plans. The advanced reading and critical thinking skills that are part of the high school curriculum are also necessary to make good choices, whether choosing a cell phone plan or voting in local and national elections. The ability to be a fully participating member of society is severely hindered if a person lacks the skills learned in high school.

(4) Finally, a less obvious (e) ________________ of dropping out of high school concerns the person’s sense of self-worth. A high school diploma is considered a measure of a basic level of learning for citizens in modern societies. The vast majority of people complete this educational milestone. A person who drops out, however, cannot claim this accomplishment. (f) _________________, he may feel that he is not as valuable to society as others or that other people are somehow better than he is. Though this is not necessarily always the case, the lack of a diploma can lead to a lack of confidence. This could affect his interaction with other people, whether during a casual conversation when meeting new people at a party or during a high stakes job interview. A person may even feel he does not belong to a group of people with more education than he has.

(5) In short, the knowledge and skills learned in high school form a foundation for full participation in our society. Without a diploma, a teen has limited opportunities financially and socially. For those who choose not to complete this degree, life will provide a series of unique challenges, so it is important that anyone thinking of dropping out really understands the consequences.

IELTS Model Essays eBook

Packed full of Band 7, 8 and 9 IELTS model essays, each with tips and advice

This is the latest IELTS buddy eBook, designed to show you the kinds of essays that will achieve a high score in IELTS, each with tips and advice.

Over 200 pages!

Easy to Use

The IELTS buddy model essays are packed into this eBook so you can have easy access to view them all. 

It's an interactive eBook with a clickable table of contents to quickly take you to the essay you want to read.

Once you've downloaded the eBook you can easily access it from anywhere on any of these devices:

Laptop & Desktop

You won't need an internet connection as it's a PDF so view it any time at your leisure. 

Packed full of Tips & Advice

The eBook is packed full of high-scoring IELTS essays so is an excellent resource for studying how to write IELTS essays - from understanding the types of topics that come up to structuring your essay and presenting your ideas.  

Each IELTS model essay has tips and advice to help you understand the approach to writing it and why it was a good essay. These tips will mainly focus on aspects related to the IELTS grading system, namely:

• Task Response
• Coherence and Cohesion
• Lexical Resource
• Grammatical Range and Accuracy

The chapters of the eBook are divided up into the common types of questions that appear in IELTS for easy reference, which are:

• Agree / Disagree
• Discuss Two Opinions
• Causes (and Effects; Solutions; Pros/Cons)
• Problems and Solutions
• Advantages and Disadvantages
• Other Types of Questions 

How does it differ from IELTS Made Easy: Task 2?

You may have also seen our IELTS Made Easy: Task 2 eBook . 

If you are thinking of purchasing only one of these or perhaps wondering whether you want both, you will likely want to know the key differences . 

The Model Essays eBook  is as it says - it is full of model essays and each one has some general tips and comments  (see the  sample pages  below). There aren't activities or tasks included in the book.

Task 2 eBook

However, the  Task 2 eBook  is a structured course that builds up your IELTS essay writing skills step-by-step. 

Each chapter focuses on a different aspect of essay writing, such as how to analyse the question and brainstorm, how to organise your answer, and how to quickly write an essay that is well-organised with the right grammar.

The Task 2 eBook also has a lot of practice activities and exercises for you to hone your writing skills. There are model essays included in the Task 2 eBook as well, but it's not the main focus. 

Making your choice

So they can both complement each other and buying both will certainly help with your essay writing. 

But if you wish to purchase one, then think about whether you want to have a bank of examples of model essays with tips or structured essay writing lessons with activities. 

View Sample Pages

Before you buy, check out this sample section from the Model IELTS Essays eBook:

Sample Pages

Money Back Guarantee

I'm sure you'll be happy with the eBook, so there's a no questions asked money back guarantee if you decide the eBook isn't what you wanted.

Any comments or questions about this page or about IELTS? Post them here. Your email will not be published or shared.

Before you go...

Check out the ielts buddy band 7+ ebooks & courses.

Would you prefer to share this page with others by linking to it?

• Click on the HTML link code below.
• Copy and paste it, adding a note of your own, into your blog, a Web page, forums, a blog comment, your Facebook account, or anywhere that someone would find this page valuable.

Band 7+ eBooks

"I think these eBooks are FANTASTIC!!! I know that's not academic language, but it's the truth!"

Linda, from Italy, Scored Band 7.5

IELTS Modules:

Other resources:.

• All Lessons
• Band Score Calculator
• Writing Feedback
• Speaking Feedback
• Teacher Resources
• Free Downloads
• Recent Essay Exam Questions
• Books for IELTS Prep
• Useful Links

Recent Articles

Fillers for IELTS Speaking: Avoid 'Eh', Uhm', 'You know'.

Apr 27, 24 05:48 AM

Decreasing House Sizes Essay

Apr 06, 24 10:22 AM

Latest IELTS Writing Topics - Recent Exam Questions

Apr 04, 24 02:36 AM

Important pages

IELTS Writing IELTS Speaking IELTS Listening   IELTS Reading All Lessons Vocabulary Academic Task 1 Academic Task 2 Practice Tests

Connect with us

Copyright © 2022- IELTSbuddy All Rights Reserved

IELTS is a registered trademark of University of Cambridge, the British Council, and IDP Education Australia. This site and its owners are not affiliated, approved or endorsed by the University of Cambridge ESOL, the British Council, and IDP Education Australia.

We will keep fighting for all libraries - stand with us!

Internet Archive Audio

• This Just In
• Grateful Dead
• Old Time Radio
• 78 RPMs and Cylinder Recordings
• Audio Books & Poetry
• Computers, Technology and Science
• Music, Arts & Culture
• News & Public Affairs
• Spirituality & Religion
• Radio News Archive

• Flickr Commons
• Occupy Wall Street Flickr
• NASA Images
• Solar System Collection
• Ames Research Center

• All Software
• Old School Emulation
• MS-DOS Games
• Historical Software
• Classic PC Games
• Software Library
• Kodi Archive and Support File
• Vintage Software
• CD-ROM Software
• CD-ROM Software Library
• Software Sites
• Tucows Software Library
• Shareware CD-ROMs
• Software Capsules Compilation
• CD-ROM Images
• ZX Spectrum
• DOOM Level CD

• Smithsonian Libraries
• FEDLINK (US)
• Lincoln Collection
• American Libraries
• Canadian Libraries
• Universal Library
• Project Gutenberg
• Children's Library
• Biodiversity Heritage Library
• Books by Language
• Additional Collections

• Prelinger Archives
• Democracy Now!
• Occupy Wall Street
• TV NSA Clip Library
• Animation & Cartoons
• Arts & Music
• Computers & Technology
• Cultural & Academic Films
• Ephemeral Films
• Sports Videos
• Videogame Videos
• Youth Media

Search the history of over 866 billion web pages on the Internet.

Mobile Apps

• Wayback Machine (iOS)
• Wayback Machine (Android)

Browser Extensions

Archive-it subscription.

• Explore the Collections
• Build Collections

Save Page Now

Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future.

Please enter a valid web address

• Donate Donate icon An illustration of a heart shape

40 model essays : a portable anthology

Bookreader item preview, share or embed this item, flag this item for.

• Graphic Violence
• Explicit Sexual Content
• Hate Speech
• Misinformation/Disinformation
• Marketing/Phishing/Advertising
• Misleading/Inaccurate/Missing Metadata

plus-circle Add Review comment Reviews

13 Favorites

Better World Books

DOWNLOAD OPTIONS

No suitable files to display here.

IN COLLECTIONS

Uploaded by station39.cebu on February 16, 2022

SIMILAR ITEMS (based on metadata)

• Advanced search
• Peer review

To submit your Book proposal, please click here

• Record : found
• Abstract : found
• Book : found

Economics : Model Essays (Second Edition)

Read this book at

• Review book
• Invite someone to review

Economics: Model Essays is the 2nd edition of the best-selling revision guide that helps students gain a strong grade in the essay component of the 2023–2025 Cambridge International AS & A Level Economics (9708) examination paper. With over 50 new model essays, the book provides a clear essay structure for each essay, various tips, and conceptual diagrams on basic economics concepts to give an overall insight into each subject topic.

Related collections

Author and book information , comment on this book.

Jump to navigation

• Inside Writing
• Teacher's Guides

Student Models

• Writing Topics
• Minilessons
• Shopping Cart
• Inside Grammar
• Grammar Adventures
• CCSS Correlations
• Infographics

Student Writing Models

How do I use student models in my classroom?

When you need an example written by a student, check out our vast collection of free student models. Scroll through the list, or search for a mode of writing such as “explanatory” or “persuasive.”

Jump to . . .

Explanatory writing.

• How Much I Know About Space Explanatory Paragraph
• My Favorite Pet Explanatory Paragraph
• Sweet Spring Explanatory Paragraph

Narrative Writing

• A Happy Day Narrative Paragraph
• My Trip to Mexico Narrative Paragraph

Creative Writing

• Happy Easter Story Paragraph
• Leaf Person Story

Research Writing

• Parrots Report
• If I Were President Explanatory Paragraph
• My Dad Personal Narrative
• The Horrible Day Personal Narrative

Response to Literature

• One Great Book Book Review
• A Fable Story
• Ant Poem Poem
• The Missing Coin Story
• Winter Words Poem
• Horses Report
• Ladybugs Report
• How to Make Boiled Eggs How-To

Persuasive Writing

• Plastic, Paper, or Cloth? Persuasive Paragraph
• The Funny Dance Personal Narrative
• The Sled Run Personal Narrative
• Hello, Spring! Poem
• Cheetahs Report

Business Writing

• Dear Ms. Nathan Email
• My Favorite Place to Go Description
• My Mother Personal Essay
• Rules Personal Essay
• Shadow Fort Description
• Adopting a Pet from the Pound Editorial
• Letter to the Editor Letter to the Editor
• Ann Personal Narrative
• Grandpa, Chaz, and Me Personal Narrative
• Indy’s Life Story Personal Narrative
• Jet Bikes Personal Narrative
• The Day I Took the Spotlight Personal Narrative
• A Story of Survival Book Review
• Chloe’s Day Story
• Did You Ever Look At . . . Poem
• Dreams Poem
• I Am Attean Poem
• Sloppy Joes Poem
• The Civil War Poem
• The Haunted House Story
• The Terror of Kansas Story
• When I Was Upside Down Poem
• Deer Don’t Need to Flee to Stay Trouble-Free! Report
• Height-Challenged German Shepherd Report
• Friendship Definition
• What Really Matters News Feature
• Cheating in America Problem-Solution
• Hang Up and Drive Editorial
• Musical Arts Editorial
• Summer: 15 Days or 2 1/2 Months? Editorial
• A Cowboy's Journal Fictionalized Journal Entry
• Giving Life Personal Narrative
• The Great Paw Paw Personal Narrative
• The Racist Warehouse Personal Narrative
• Limadastrin Poem
• The Best Little Girl in the World Book Review
• How the Stars Came to Be Story
• Linden’s Library Story
• My Backyard Poem
• The Call Poem
• I Am Latvia Research Report
• Mir Pushed the Frontier of Space Research Report
• The Aloha State Research Report
• The Incredible Egg Observation Report
• Unique Wolves Research Report
• Dear Dr. Larson Email

Personal Writing

• A Lesson to Learn Journal
• Caught in the Net Definition
• From Bed Bound to Breaking Boards News Feature
• If Only They Knew Comparison-Contrast
• Save the Elephants Cause-Effect
• Student Entrepreneur Reaches for Dreams of the Sky News Feature
• Internet Plagiarism Problem-Solution
• Mosquito Madness Pet Peeve
• Anticipating the Dream Personal Narrative
• Huddling Together Personal Narrative
• H’s Hickory Chips Personal Narrative
• It’s a Boy! Personal Narrative
• My Greatest Instrument Personal Narrative
• Snapshots Personal Narrative
• Take Me to Casablanca Personal Narrative
• The Boy with Chris Pine Blue Eyes Personal Narrative
• The Climb Personal Narrative
• The House on Medford Avenue Personal Narrative
• Adam’s Train of Ghosts Music Review
• Diary of Gaspard Fictionalized Journal Entry
• My Interpretation of The Joy Luck Club Literary Analysis
• Mama’s Stitches Poem
• The KHS Press Play
• Rosa Parks Research Report
• The Killer Bean Research Report
• Mid-Project Report on History Paper Email
• Vegetarian Lunch Options at Bay High Email

Help | Advanced Search

Computer Science > Machine Learning

Title: how good are low-bit quantized llama3 models an empirical study.

Abstract: Meta's LLaMA family has become one of the most powerful open-source Large Language Model (LLM) series. Notably, LLaMA3 models have recently been released and achieve impressive performance across various with super-large scale pre-training on over 15T tokens of data. Given the wide application of low-bit quantization for LLMs in resource-limited scenarios, we explore LLaMA3's capabilities when quantized to low bit-width. This exploration holds the potential to unveil new insights and challenges for low-bit quantization of LLaMA3 and other forthcoming LLMs, especially in addressing performance degradation problems that suffer in LLM compression. Specifically, we evaluate the 10 existing post-training quantization and LoRA-finetuning methods of LLaMA3 on 1-8 bits and diverse datasets to comprehensively reveal LLaMA3's low-bit quantization performance. Our experiment results indicate that LLaMA3 still suffers non-negligent degradation in these scenarios, especially in ultra-low bit-width. This highlights the significant performance gap under low bit-width that needs to be bridged in future developments. We expect that this empirical study will prove valuable in advancing future models, pushing the LLMs to lower bit-width with higher accuracy for being practical. Our project is released on this https URL and quantized LLaMA3 models are released in this https URL .

Submission history

Access paper:.

• HTML (experimental)
• Other Formats

References & Citations

• Google Scholar
• Semantic Scholar

BibTeX formatted citation

Bibliographic and Citation Tools

Code, data and media associated with this article, recommenders and search tools.

• Institution

arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators

arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.

Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.

Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs .

• Search for: Toggle Search

Small and Mighty: NVIDIA Accelerates Microsoft’s Open Phi-3 Mini Language Models

NVIDIA announced today its acceleration of Microsoft’s new Phi-3 Mini open language model with NVIDIA TensorRT-LLM , an open-source library for optimizing large language model inference when running on NVIDIA GPUs from PC to cloud.

Phi-3 Mini packs the capability of 10x larger models and is licensed for both research and broad commercial usage, advancing Phi-2 from its research-only roots. Workstations with NVIDIA RTX GPUs or PCs with GeForce RTX GPUs have the performance to run the model locally using Windows DirectML or TensorRT-LLM.

The model has 3.8 billion parameters and was trained on 3.3 trillion tokens in only seven days on 512 NVIDIA H100 Tensor Core GPUs.

Phi-3 Mini has two variants, with one supporting 4k tokens and the other supporting 128K tokens, which is the first model in its class for very long contexts. This allows developers to use 128,000 tokens — the atomic parts of language that the model processes — when asking the model a question, which results in more relevant responses from the model.

Developers can try Phi-3 Mini with the 128K context window at ai.nvidia.com , where it is packaged as an NVIDIA NIM, a microservice with a standard application programming interface that can be deployed anywhere.

Creating Efficiency for the Edge

Developers working on autonomous robotics and embedded devices can learn to create and deploy generative AI through community-driven tutorials, like on Jetson AI Lab , and deploy Phi-3 on NVIDIA Jetson .

With only 3.8 billion parameters, the Phi-3 Mini model is compact enough to run efficiently on edge devices. Parameters are like knobs, in memory, that have been precisely tuned during the model training process so that the model can respond with high accuracy to input prompts.

Phi-3 can assist in cost- and resource-constrained use cases, especially for simpler tasks. The model can outperform some larger models on key language benchmarks while delivering results within latency requirements.

TensorRT-LLM will support Phi-3 Mini’s long context window and uses many optimizations and kernels such as LongRoPE , FP8 and inflight batching, which improve inference throughput and latency. The TensorRT-LLM implementations will soon be available in the examples folder on GitHub . There, developers can convert to the TensorRT-LLM checkpoint format, which is optimized for inference and can be easily deployed with NVIDIA Triton Inference Server .

Developing Open Systems

NVIDIA is an active contributor to the open-source ecosystem and has released over 500 projects under open-source licenses.

Contributing to many external projects such as JAX, Kubernetes, OpenUSD, PyTorch and the Linux kernel, NVIDIA supports a wide variety of open-source foundations and standards bodies as well.

Today’s news expands on long-standing NVIDIA collaborations with Microsoft, which have paved the way for innovations including accelerating DirectML , Azure cloud, generative AI research, and healthcare and life sciences.

Learn more about our recent collaboration.

NVIDIA websites use cookies to deliver and improve the website experience. See our cookie policy for further details on how we use cookies and how to change your cookie settings.

Share on Mastodon