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By: History.com Editors

Updated: March 28, 2023 | Original: October 29, 2009

The New Deal was a series of programs and projects instituted during the Great Depression by President Franklin D. Roosevelt that aimed to restore prosperity to Americans. When Roosevelt took office in 1933, he acted swiftly to stabilize the economy and provide jobs and relief to those who were suffering. Over the next eight years, the government instituted a series of experimental New Deal projects and programs, such as the CCC , the WPA , the TVA, the SEC and others. Roosevelt’s New Deal fundamentally and permanently changed the U.S. federal government by expanding its size and scope—especially its role in the economy.

New Deal for the American People

On March 4, 1933, during the bleakest days of the Great Depression , newly elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt delivered his first inaugural address before 100,000 people on Washington’s Capitol Plaza.

“First of all,” he said, “let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”

He promised that he would act swiftly to face the “dark realities of the moment” and assured Americans that he would “wage a war against the emergency” just as though “we were in fact invaded by a foreign foe.” His speech gave many people confidence that they’d elected a man who was not afraid to take bold steps to solve the nation’s problems.

Did you know? Unemployment levels in some cities reached staggering levels during the Great Depression: By 1933, Toledo, Ohio's had reached 80 percent, and nearly 90 percent of Lowell, Massachusetts, was unemployed.

The next day, Roosevelt declared a four-day bank holiday to stop people from withdrawing their money from shaky banks. On March 9, Congress passed Roosevelt’s Emergency Banking Act, which reorganized the banks and closed the ones that were insolvent.

In his first “ fireside chat ” three days later, the president urged Americans to put their savings back in the banks, and by the end of the month almost three quarters of them had reopened.

The First Hundred Days

Roosevelt’s quest to end the Great Depression was just beginning, and would ramp up in what came to be known as “ The First 100 Days .” Roosevelt kicked things off by asking Congress to take the first step toward ending Prohibition —one of the more divisive issues of the 1920s—by making it legal once again for Americans to buy beer. (At the end of the year, Congress ratified the 21st Amendment and ended Prohibition for good.)

In May, he signed the Tennessee Valley Authority Act into law, creating the TVA and enabling the federal government to build dams along the Tennessee River that controlled flooding and generated inexpensive hydroelectric power for the people in the region.

That same month, Congress passed a bill that paid commodity farmers (farmers who produced things like wheat, dairy products, tobacco and corn) to leave their fields fallow in order to end agricultural surpluses and boost prices.

June’s National Industrial Recovery Act guaranteed that workers would have the right to unionize and bargain collectively for higher wages and better working conditions; it also suspended some antitrust laws and established a federally funded Public Works Administration.

In addition to the Agricultural Adjustment Act, the Tennessee Valley Authority Act and the National Industrial Recovery Act, Roosevelt had won passage of 12 other major laws, including the Glass-Steagall Act (an important banking bill) and the Home Owners’ Loan Act, in his first 100 days in office.

Almost every American found something to be pleased about and something to complain about in this motley collection of bills, but it was clear to all that FDR was taking the “direct, vigorous” action that he’d promised in his inaugural address.

Second New Deal

Despite the best efforts of President Roosevelt and his cabinet, however, the Great Depression continued. Unemployment persisted, the economy remained unstable, farmers continued to struggle in the Dust Bowl and people grew angrier and more desperate.

So, in the spring of 1935, Roosevelt launched a second, more aggressive series of federal programs, sometimes called the Second New Deal.

In April, he created the Works Progress Administration (WPA) to provide jobs for unemployed people. WPA projects weren’t allowed to compete with private industry, so they focused on building things like post offices, bridges, schools, highways and parks. The WPA also gave work to artists, writers, theater directors and musicians.

In July 1935, the National Labor Relations Act , also known as the Wagner Act, created the National Labor Relations Board to supervise union elections and prevent businesses from treating their workers unfairly. In August, FDR signed the Social Security Act of 1935, which guaranteed pensions to millions of Americans, set up a system of unemployment insurance and stipulated that the federal government would help care for dependent children and the disabled.

In 1936, while campaigning for a second term, FDR told a roaring crowd at Madison Square Garden that “The forces of ‘organized money’ are unanimous in their hate for me—and I welcome their hatred.”

He went on: “I should like to have it said of my first Administration that in it the forces of selfishness and of lust for power met their match, [and] I should like to have it said of my second Administration that in it these forces have met their master.”

This FDR had come a long way from his earlier repudiation of class-based politics and was promising a much more aggressive fight against the people who were profiting from the Depression-era troubles of ordinary Americans. He won the election by a landslide.

Still, the Great Depression dragged on. Workers grew more militant: In December 1936, for example, the United Auto Workers strike at a GM plant in Flint, Michigan lasted for 44 days and spread to some 150,000 autoworkers in 35 cities.

By 1937, to the dismay of most corporate leaders, some 8 million workers had joined unions and were loudly demanding their rights.

9 New Deal Infrastructure Projects That Changed America

The Hoover Dam, LaGuardia Airport and the Bay Bridge were all part of FDR's New Deal investment.

How a New Deal Housing Program Enforced Segregation

In the 1930s, the FHA refused to insure houses for Black families, or even insure houses in white neighborhoods that were too close to Black ones.

Did New Deal Programs Help End the Great Depression?

While the New Deal did have a lasting impact on the U.S. economy, other significant factors contributed toward ending the Great Depression by June 1938.

The End of the New Deal?

Meanwhile, the New Deal itself confronted one political setback after another. Arguing that they represented an unconstitutional extension of federal authority, the conservative majority on the Supreme Court had already invalidated reform initiatives like the National Recovery Administration and the Agricultural Adjustment Administration.

In order to protect his programs from further meddling, in 1937 President Roosevelt announced a plan to add enough liberal justices to the Court to neutralize the “obstructionist” conservatives.

This “ Court-packing ” turned out to be unnecessary—soon after they caught wind of the plan, the conservative justices started voting to uphold New Deal projects—but the episode did a good deal of public-relations damage to the administration and gave ammunition to many of the president’s Congressional opponents.

That same year, the economy slipped back into a recession when the government reduced its stimulus spending. Despite this seeming vindication of New Deal policies, increasing anti-Roosevelt sentiment made it difficult for him to enact any new programs.

On December 7, 1941, the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor and the United States entered World War II . The war effort stimulated American industry and, as a result, effectively ended the Great Depression .

The New Deal and American Politics

From 1933 until 1941, President Roosevelt’s New Deal programs and policies did more than just adjust interest rates, tinker with farm subsidies and create short-term make-work programs.

They created a brand-new, if tenuous, political coalition that included white working people, African Americans and left-wing intellectuals. More women entered the workforce as Roosevelt expanded the number of secretarial roles in government. These groups rarely shared the same interests—at least, they rarely thought they did— but they did share a powerful belief that an interventionist government was good for their families, the economy and the nation.

Their coalition has splintered over time, but many of the New Deal programs that bound them together—Social Security, unemployment insurance and federal agricultural subsidies, for instance—are still with us today.

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Primary Source Set The New Deal

The resources in this primary source set are intended for classroom use. If your use will be beyond a single classroom, please review the copyright and fair use guidelines.

Teacher’s Guide

To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer and guides: Analysis Tool and Guides

In July of 1932, in the midst of the greatest economic crisis in U.S. history, Franklin D. Roosevelt accepted the Democratic Party’s presidential nomination, promising “a new deal for the American people.” That promise became a series of relief, recovery, and reform programs designed to provide assistance to the unemployed and poor, revive the economy, and change the financial system to prevent another depression.

Historical Background

The timeline below shows some major events related to the New Deal, beginning with its antecedents in the four years before Roosevelt’s inauguration:

In October, the stock market crashes, marking the beginning of the Great Depression.

Unemployment grows from almost 4 million in January to 7 million in December.

President Herbert Hoover appoints the President’s Emergency Committee for Employment to stimulate state and local relief (no funding for relief was provided by the committee).

Congress authorizes release of government surplus wheat and cotton for relief purposes.

Emergency Relief and Construction Act is passed. The Act provides funding to help state and local governments with their relief efforts.

Franklin D. Roosevelt is elected president in November.

In the first two months of 1933, 4,004 banks fail. Unemployment reaches approximately 14 million (about 25 percent). FDR is inaugurated on March 4. The following day, he proclaims a four-day bank holiday. He calls a special session of Congress to begin March 9.

On the first day of its special session, Congress passes the Emergency Banking Act, which gives the president power over the banks. Within a few days, many banks reopen, lifting national spirits. Over the next 100 days, Congress enacts a number of laws creating New Deal programs.

These include:

• The Reforestation Relief Act, establishing jobs for 250,000 young men in the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). By the program’s end in 1941, 2 million people will have worked on CCC projects.
• The Federal Emergency Relief Act, which provides funds to states for relief.
• The Agricultural Adjustment Act, establishing prices for farm products and paying subsidies to farmers, and the Farm Credit Act, providing agricultural loans.
• Tennessee Valley Authority Act, which creates the TVA to build dams and power plants.
• Federal Securities Act, which gives the executive branch the authority to regulate stocks and bonds.
• Home Owners Refinancing Act, providing aid to homeowners in danger of losing their homes.
• National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), which establishes the Public Works Administration (PWA) and the National Recovery Administration (NRA). The PWA provides employment in the building of roads and public buildings. The NRA regulates trade to stimulate competition.
• Banking Act of 1933, creating the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to protect depositors’ funds.
• Roosevelt establishes the National Labor Board (NLB) to protect workers’ rights to join unions to bargain collectively with employers.

Congress continues to pass relief and reform legislation, including the Securities Exchange Act, which establishes the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to regulate sale of securities, and the National Housing Act, which establishes the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) to provide insurance for loans needed to build or repair homes.

Congress passes the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act, which funds the Works Progress Administration (WPA) to provide employment on “useful projects.” Through June 1943, when the WPA ends, the program will provide jobs for 8.5 million Americans with 30 million dependents.

The Supreme Court rules the NIRA unconstitutional.

Congress passes National Labor Relations Act, Social Security Act, Bank Act, Public Utilities Act, and Revenue Act. These acts provide a safety net for the elderly and disabled, authorize greater government regulation of banks and utility companies, and increase taxes on wealthier Americans.

Supreme Court rules the Agricultural Adjustment Act unconstitutional. Roosevelt is reelected.

Roosevelt is inaugurated in January.

Thwarted by Supreme Court decisions, Roosevelt develops a plan to change the Court’s composition. His proposal would add a judge for every justice who does not retire at age 70. The plan is not well received, even among Roosevelt supporters. Supreme Court upholds National Labor Relations Act and Social Security Act.

Congress passes the Fair Labor Standards Act, which sets a minimum wage for workers and a maximum number of work hours. This is the last significant New Deal legislation.

Historians still debate whether the New Deal succeeded. Those who say it succeeded point out that economic indicators, while they did not return to pre-Depression levels, did bounce back significantly, and also point to the infrastructure created by WPA workers as a long-term benefit.

Critics point out that, while unemployment fell after 1933, it remained high. They argue that the New Deal did not provide long-term solutions and only the war ended the Depression. Furthermore, many critics feel the New Deal made changes in the government’s role that were not a benefit to the nation.

Suggestions for Teachers

This primary source set features a variety of documents produced by several New Deal agencies. The documents illustrate a variety of kinds of work funded by the agencies, as well as the types of social and economic problems that the programs either addressed or documented.

• Divide students into five groups. Ask each group to analyze three of the documents in this primary source set. What can they infer from the items and accompanying bibliographic information about the problem(s) facing the country during the Great Depression? What can they infer about the work of the New Deal agencies represented by these items? Ask each group to share what they learned, either orally or by adding to a list of agencies displayed in the classroom.
• Explore the relationship between New Deal programs and some of the individuals that the programs were created to assist. Identify specific individuals who are supported through New Deal programs in the primary source set. Look for evidence of how successful the New Deal program was to that individual. How was a program likely perceived by that individual in the primary source?
• The colorful posters created by WPA artists provide insight into many aspects of American life in the 1930s. Ask each student to choose one of the posters in the primary source set and analyze it in detail, and then Drought-stricken farmer http://www.loc.gov/item/90714876/ identify its purpose, its audience, and any problem and proposed solution addressed. Extend the activity by asking students to write a headline that gets across the message they think the poster provides. Optionally, students can design a poster that addresses a similar issue today, employing a graphic element from the original WPA poster.
• Students may not be familiar with the way the word relief was used in the 1930s. Without defining the term, explain to students that relief was one goal of the New Deal. Assign students to use the documents in the primary source set to find out what relief meant in the 1930s, what forms it took, and how people responded to it.

Additional Resources

American Life Histories: Manuscripts from the Federal Writers’ Project, 1936 to 1940

Farm Security Administration/Office of War Information Black and White Negatives

Posters: WPA Posters

Florida Folklife from the WPA Collections, 1937 to 1942

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The New Deal Coursework

The New Deal

Hoover and Roosevelt were two completely different presidents.  Hoover was known as a do nothing president and believed that the only way out of the depression was for people to simply work harder as he had done, he encouraged individuality.  Roosevelt however was a man of action and was the brains behind the “New Deal” which he set up in order to help America out of the depression.  The main four things that Roosevelt hoped to achieve from the “New Deal” were to get people back to work, to protect peoples savings and property and finally to get the American Agricultural industry back on its feet.  But were Roosevelt’s efforts a success or not?

Roosevelt was an extremely talented and inspiring speaker. “The only thing to fear is fear itself” was just one of the motivating phrases that he spoke of during his “fireside chats”. Using the new invention of the radio, which many Americans had, Roosevelt would make speeches telling the Americans what he was doing to help get them out of the depression and reassuring them in order to restore the American people’s confidence in the government.  Nowadays we are used to seeing this kind of thing but back then this was a very new thing.

During the First Hundred Days in his presidency, Roosevelt worked very hard alongside his advisers who were known as the “Brain Trust” to make some enormous changes.  He went straight into action and the day after his inauguration and closed all of America banks so that they could be inspected.  Four days later he opened five thousand safe and trustworthy banks. These two measures were known as the Emergency Banking act and the Securities Exchange.  This was only a taster of what the New Deal had in store for America and there was a lot more to come.

During the “Hundred Days”, Roosevelt also came up with what was known as the “Alphabet Agencies”.  An example of one of these agencies was the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) which took a long-term view on how to solve farming problems.  The way it set out to do this was to reduce production so that prices would gradually go up.  They also helped farmers with their mortgages and modernised the farming industry.  The AAA did help farmers however the modernisations did leave some labourers without jobs.  Another example was the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) which was aimed at unemployed young men.  It would involve signing onto a six month contract giving them work which could be renewed if they still did not have a job after their six months was up.  The money they earned was put back into their families and helped around 2.5 million young men.

Many believed that Roosevelt successfully “Primed the Pump”.  This basically meant that he had done his part in priming the economy so that when people get back to work their money isn’t simply wasted so that unreliable banks can pay off their debt.

In 1936 Roosevelt was re-elected by a huge majority. He won 26 million votes which to this day has never been achieved by an American president.

This is a preview of the whole essay

The New Deal was however not a complete success.  The New Deal had many high-profile oppositions who felt that the New Deal was not doing enough to help the poor and that many Americans were still living in poverty especially the Black Americans in poor farming areas.  Huey Long, the Governor of Louisiana, opposed the new deal he claimed that it was “too complicated” and wasn’t doing enough even though he had supported the deal at first.  He did set up his own little organisations to help the poor but Roosevelt still regarded him as one of the most dangerous men in America and he was assassinated in 1935.  Others also criticised Roosevelt for not doing enough.  Dr Francis Townsend campaigned to receive two hundred dollar a month pensions for people over sixty.  A catholic priest set up a radio programme to directly attack Roosevelt, he set up a whole union which had many members.  However by the 1940’s the priest’s movement had faded away.

Some Americans had quite the opposite view and felt that Roosevelt was doing too much.  People said that Roosevelt was behaving like a dictator; some felt that the deal was way too complicated and had too many codes and regulations.  Big businesses especially did not like the way that the government was supporting trade unions or calls for higher wages and felt that it was unfair that the rich had to pay higher tax because they had worked harder for their money.  These criticisms upset Roosevelt but it was the way in which they did it that upset him the most.  They said that he was disabled because of a STD rather than because he had had Polio.  Employers also put messages into their workers pay packets saying that the new deal would never happen.  Roosevelt strongly disliked these people and so did the American people.  Despite Roosevelt’s unpopularity with the rich in the 1936 election he won a 27 million vote victory the highest margin of victory ever achieved which was mainly due to his popularity with the lower class citizens.

However even after he 1936 election Roosevelt’s problems were still not over. The most powerful opposition of the New Deal was the Supreme Court which was dominated by republicans who opposed the New Deal.  Roosevelt felt that the court was biased and threatened to appoint six new judges who were more sympathetic to the New Deal.  He misjudged the opinions of the American people who were alarmed by Roosevelt’s attempts to “attack the American system of government”.  Roosevelt was forced to back down. His actions were not completely pointless though because the court was shaken by Roosevelt’s actions and were more lenient in the future.

The events of 1937 took there toll on Roosevelt and he was more cautious in the future.  In 1937 Roosevelt did what all conservatives wanted: he cut the New Deal budget.  Many people who had been employed by the New Deal lost their jobs and unemployment began to creep back up again. The recession damaged Roosevelt badly and he lost a lot of his voters.  However he did continue to win elections by huge margins.  The problem was that the American Nation was now more divided over the New Deal.

To summarise my essay and help me come to a conclusion I am going to look at these six things and see how they were affected by the New Deal: Peoples attitudes, Industrial workers, Unemployment and the Economy, Black Americans, Women, Native Americans.

The New Deal restored Faith in the American Government.  The programme was something so huge and it had never been done before and set the standards for future policies for the government to help people.  It raised awareness of how blacks were mistreated in the workplace and many employers made sure that they employed black people and treated them fairly.  The New Deal did divide the USA and Roosevelt was accused of being a Communist.

The New Deal did a lot for industrial workers and worked alongside unions to negotiate better working conditions. Some unions were able to combine a fight against huge businesses.  However despite all of the union’s efforts big businesses still dominated and hired thugs to dispose of their opposition.  Many strikes lead to brutal violence.

As far as the economy was concerned the deal was a huge success.  The new deal created millions of jobs and unemployment took a huge drop.  The deal completely revamped the American bank system and allowed people to safely store their money without fear that they may loose it all.  The levels of production made a clear increase and businesses were not failing like they were.  However confidence did remain low especially after Roosevelt cut the budget and unemployment began to increases again and it was only really the war which truly ended America’s problems.

Black Americans did gain from the New Deal.  Around 200,000 Blacks received jobs from the CCC and other New Deal agencies.  But I feel that this was the biggest failure of the New Deal.  Although many agencies helped the Blacks many discriminated against them and gave them no work, better conditions or wages.  Roosevelt passed no laws against the mistreatment of the blacks because he was scared that democrat senators on the southern states would not support him.  I strongly believe that even today in America blacks are badly treated especially by the Government.

The new deal saw some women achieve prominent positions; Roosevelt’s wife became an important campaigner on social issues and Frances Perkins was a key figure in the making of the Second New Deal.  However most of the New Deals programmes were aimed at men and only 800 women were involved in the CCC and people like Frances Perkins were viciously attacked by the press.  Frances was accused of being a soviet spy and tended to get ignored at social gatherings.

And Finally the Native Americans whom although still remained an excluded section of society were given money so that they could preserve their culture and traditions.

So did the deal achieve what it set out to do? The answer for me is “yes”.  The four main objectives of the Deal were:

• To get people back to work which it did although it had its ups and downs unemployment never again got as bad as it was in 1933.
• To protect America’s savings and property; Roosevelt made America’s banks a safe place to invest your money again.
• To provide relief for the sick and poor; Agencies were set up to help the sick and poor but some people still did not benefit although on the whole the New Deal was a big help.
• Getting Americas industry back on its feet; the New Deal made huge increases in production.  Production never stooped as low again as it did in 1932.

  With a country as big as America it is impossible to keep everyone happy however I think that on the whole the New Deal did what it was designed for in that it completed its four main objectives and without it I am certain America would not of become what it is today.

Document Details

• Word Count 1739
• Page Count 4
• Subject History

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The New Deal: Crash Course US History #34

In which John Green teaches you about the New Deal, which was president Franklin D. Roosevelt’s plan to pull the United States out of the Great Depression of the 1930s. Did it work? Maybe. John will teach you about some of the most effective and best-known programs of the New Deal. They weren’t always the same thing. John will tell you who supported the New Deal, and who opposed it. He’ll also get into how the New Deal changed the relationship between the government and citizens, and will even reveal just how the Depression ended. (hint: it was war spending)

The New Deal (1933 - 1938)

The New Deal is the title President Franklin D. Roosevelt gave to a sequence of programs and promises he initiated between 1933 and 1938 with the goal of giving relief, reform and recovery to the people and economy of the United States during the Great Depression.

Dozens of alphabet agencies (so named because of their acronyms, as with the SEC), were created as a result of the New Deal. Historians distinguish between the "First New Deal" of 1933, which had aimed at short-term recovery programs for all groups in society, and the "Second New Deal" (1935–36), which aimed at a more radical redistribution of power away from business and toward workers, farmers and consumers.

Historian William Leuchtenburg concludes the Second New Deal was designed not to destroy capitalism but to "discipline business" and "bolster unionisation, pension the elderly...give relief to the needy, and extend a hand to the forgotten man."[1]

The following Crash Course video provides an overview of this period:

TEACHING ABOUT THE NEW DEAL

The biggest group of users of the Living New Deal’s online resources are students and teachers. The demand for such teaching materials is strong. Many American History teachers have reached out to us with requests and suggestions. Thus far, we have lacked the capacity to develop full-on teaching curricula, but have made significant progress thanks to the leadership of Development Director Kurt Feichtmeir. Kurt secured a grant from the National Trust for Historic Preservation to work with the Washington DC school district, which requires all seniors to take a course on local history. The grant made possible an  Educator’s Guide  to accompany the Living New Deal’s online map to the New Deal Washington DC. We hope to do something similar with the New York City and Los Angeles school systems, making use of our maps to those cities to teach about the importance of the New Deal in U.S. history.

We’ve also reworked  several bibliographies  on our website, segmenting them by subject areas such as housing, infrastructure and art, and provided a dozen introductory reading lists of the ten or so best books on each topic.

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The Great Depression

Video: the new deal.

In this video, John Green teaches you about the New Deal, which was president Franklin D. Roosevelt’s plan to pull the united States out of the Great Depression of the 1930’s. Did it work? Maybe. John will teach you about some of the most effective and some of the best known programs of the New Deal. They weren’t always the same thing. John will tell you who supported the New Deal, and who opposed it. He’ll also get into how the New Deal changed the relationship between the government and citizens, and will even reveal just how the Depression ended (hint: it was war spending).

• The New Deal: Crash Course US History #34. Authored by : CrashCourse. Located at : https://youtu.be/6bMq9Ek6jnA?t=1s . License : All Rights Reserved . License Terms : Standard YouTube License

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New Deal Causes and Effects

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Center for New Deal Studies

Arguably the 20th century's most influential leaders, Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt continue to cast a long shadow on the 21st century. The Center for New Deal Studies aims to examine, foster and preserve the values and legacy of Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt, for whom our University is named.

Outreach and Education

The Center for New Deal Studies engages a wider community through lectures, programs and collaboration with community partners. For instance, it organizes the annual  Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Distinguished Lecture , co-sponsors numerous on- and off-campus educational programs, and supports the Chicago Metro History Fair with  online content  for students interested in topics relating to the Roosevelt era as well as an annual prize for the best projects in New Deal, social justice or human rights history. The Center also connects to the curriculum, with courses on the Roosevelts, Great Depression and World War II. It offers scholarships to students wishing to participate in a special study abroad course on World War II.

The Collection

The Center  holdings  include some 1,500 artifacts, including busts, clocks, china, campaign textiles, political buttons, toys and dolls, among many other items; papers and oral histories associated with the New Deal; Roosevelt-related ephemera and a book collection of about 2,000 volumes. Within its library, the Center is honored to have the David MacLaren Memorial Book Collection.

About the Center

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Primary Sources on New Deal/FDR/Government Response to Great Depression

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Presidential Library & Museum FDR Library Archive Finder Collections Search Fully digitized collections include the following areas of research: 

• Master Speech File
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• FDR’s President’s Secretary’s File (PSF)
• Executive Orders and Presidential Proclamations
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• Eleanor Roosevelt Selected Correspondence: 1933-45
• Eleanor Roosevelt Selected Correspondence: 1945-47
• Henry Morgenthau, Jr. Diaries
• Henry Morgenthau, Jr. Press Conferences

New Deal Art Programs (NARA) Information on primary and secondary sources available through NARA that deal with topics of New Deal arts projects and links to related web sites.

New Deal Programs: Library of Congress Resources

New Deal National Archives Resources

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• Primary Sources on New Deal : Christopher Newport University

Sample of Library E-Books on New Deal FDR Era

The CSUN University Library has a rich and varied collection of Ebook and Print titles covering the  history of the New Deal and FDR Presidential Administration. Use OneSearch to look for titles that match your research topic interest.

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MLA Full:	"The New Deal: Crash Course US History #34." , uploaded by CrashCourse, 18 October 2013, www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bMq9Ek6jnA.
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