features of narrative essay writing

Narrative Essays: Types, Features, Format, and Writing Tips

A narrative essay is a story told from a personal point of view. Narrative essays test your creativity and ability to tell a story in an interesting manner. You are not merely expected to narrate your experience; rather, you should narrate it in a way that will engage your audience. The aim is to move the audience and arouse their emotions, ensuring that they laugh, empathize, get annoyed, afraid, or happy, among others.

• 1 What is a Narrative Essay?
• 2 Our Sample Narrative Essays
• 3 Why Write a Narrative Essay?
• 4.1 Three Main Sections
• 4.2 Use of Sensory Language
• 4.3 Use of Dialogue
• 4.4 Chronological Order
• 4.5 Historical Present Tense
• 5.1 Autobiographical Narrative Essay
• 5.2 Descriptive Narrative Essay
• 6.1 Choose a topic
• 6.2 Start writing
• 6.3 Edit your essay
• 6.4 Proofread your final essay
• 6.5 Prices Starting At:
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.3 Conclusion
• 8 Tips for Writing a Good Comparative Essay
• 9 Narrative Essay Topics

What is a Narrative Essay?

A narrative essay is a real or imagined story. Real narrative essays are based on personal experiences. Imagined narrative essays are based on the writer’s thoughts, creativity, and ability to create a lifelike experience. Since this type of essay is based on personal experience, writers are allowed to write in the first person (use of the pronoun ‘I’).

Our Sample Narrative Essays

Before you place your order, you may want to sample some of the example narrative essays written by our experienced narrative essay writers to gauge the quality of our writing.

From Strangers to Lovers  (Format: APA 7)

The End of the World  (Format: MLA)

Why Write a Narrative Essay?

Unlike other essay types, the main idea behind narrative essays is to tell a story. Writers are not required to analyze facts, provide evidence, make critiques, or persuade readers. It is up to the readers to make their own conclusions.

Narrative essays allow writers to exercise their creativity fully. Sometimes, the challenge is compressing an entire story into a few words. Most narrative essays have a word count of approximately 500 words.

Features of a Narrative Essay

Three main sections.

Like other essay types, narrative essays have an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. What sets narrative essays apart from other essays is that the body has several parts. The body must have a clear plot, the story’s characters, setting, conflict, and the story’s climax/conflict resolution. The essay must also have the author’s point of view.

Use of Sensory Language

Narrative essay writers aim to create lifelike experiences in the story. This calls for the use of sensory language, which allows the reader to visualize the author’s ideas. The writer needs to consider which sensory details are important for a particular story. For instance, when writing about a haunted house, the writer should ensure that their choice of words appeals to ears and eyes. When writing about an experience they had in a restaurant, the sensory details to focus on would be taste and smell.

Use of Dialogue

Dialogue is a sure way of capturing your readers’ attention. Dialogue makes the story real and interesting. It enables the reader to immerse themselves in the story and momentarily forget that they are reading it. The story’s characters are the main drivers of dialogue in a narrative essay. Dialogue adds variety to the story since it allows the writer to shift from narrating the story to taking the readers to the story’s actual setting, albeit imaginary.

Chronological Order

It is easy for your reader to follow your story when you organize events in the order in which they occurred. This calls for the use of transition words, such as first, second, next, then, and finally. These words make it easy for the reader to follow the story.

Sometimes, writers choose to employ flashbacks or foreshadowing. This means that they do not necessarily narrate the story’s events in the order in which they occurred. These techniques are deliberate shifts in the story’s chronology with the aim of piquing the reader’s interest and creating suspense.

Narrative essays that stick to the story’s order of events are known as linear narratives. Contrarily, those that shift the story’s chronology are referred to as non-linear narratives.

Historical Present Tense

A narrative essay recounts past events as if they were happening in the present. As such, the use of the historical past and present tenses is important. The historical present describes past events as if they were happening now. Like other essays, the present and past tenses are also ordinarily used in narrative essays.

Types of Narrative Essays

Autobiographical narrative essay.

Just like an autobiography, autobiographical essays are real. The writer gives an account of what actually happened in their life.  This type of narrative essay places great emphasis on the actual occurrences and not the little details that would be captured in a descriptive narrative essay.

Descriptive Narrative Essay

The author uses vivid descriptions to relay their experience or memory with the aim of evoking the reader’s various senses. With descriptive narrative essays, the writer also seeks to tell their story in the simplest words possible. The story can be real or imagined, which allows the writer to exercise a lot of creativity.

How to Start Writing a Narrative Essay

Choose a topic.

Settle on a topic and then collect information about it. The topic should not be mundane or one that is overly done. A good starting point would be drawing inspiration from a real-life experience and crafting a captivating story out it. Ensure you stick to a specific theme and remain coherent.

Tips for Choosing a Good Topic

When asked to write a narrative essay, you will enjoy the flexibility that this essay type offers since you can write about almost any aspect of life, real or imagined.

Sometimes, your professor will assign you a specific topic to write about. Other times, you will be given an essay prompt that allows you to choose a topic you prefer.

Specific topics include writing about:

• A life-changing experience.
• Your discovery of a cure for a disease.

Prompts can be open-ended, such as writing about:

• Your first teacher.
• Your first time on a plane.

Interesting stories take unexpected turns along the way, which compels your audience and sustains their interest. Narrative essays are also an opportunity to showcase your personality and what you think about life. When writing a narrative essay for admission into school, ensure your story illustrates your qualities, such as empathy, hard work, resilience, and motivation, among others.

Choosing a topic is a mere starting point. Often, you will think of new ideas along the way that you did not anticipate. The story may take a different but interesting turn, which often sees students changing their essay topic eventually.

Start writing

This entails drafting an essay outline. Essentially, your story should have a three-part plot that has a setting, central point and focus of the essay (climax), and a conclusion. An outline helps you foresee where to incorporate twists and turns, where to add more details, where to add more spice, and where to end the story, among others.

Edit your essay

The editing stage looks out for structure, style, and content errors. As such, ensure your essay has a smooth flow, is void of repetitions, is simple, and is easy to understand.

Proofread your final essay

This stage focuses on the small details such as spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors.

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Format of a Narrative Essay

Introduction.

The first paragraph of a narrative essay is the introductory paragraph. It gives the essay’s background information as well as the writer’s main purpose for writing the essay. This paragraph sets the essay’s scene. The reader should be able to tell the essay’s setting, be it geographical, cultural, or historical setting, among others. The introductory paragraph also carries the essay’s thesis statement (e.g., I never attached so much value to online learning until the Covid-19 pandemic struck the world). A thesis statement gives the reader a brief overview of the essay’s key argument. It should not discuss the details; instead, it should give the reader a general idea in such a way that their interest in the topic is aroused. Ensure your introductory paragraph also has a hook that will capture the reader’s attention right from the start. A hook can be a famous quote related to your topic, an intriguing statement, or a question.

The essay’s body should have at least three paragraphs, although they can be more.

Body paragraph 1: the rising action (i.e., what leads to the main events in the story).

Body paragraph 2: the actual occurrence/essay’s climax

Body paragraph 3: the falling action/what happens after the actual occurrence.

The conclusion is a summary of the essay’s main points. Be careful not to repeat everything already discussed. Only focus on the major points to avoid redundancy. Remember to restate your essay’s statement (e.g., institutions, teachers, and parents should embrace online learning since it allows for the continuity of education in the wake of pandemics).

Tips for Writing a Good Comparative Essay

Involve your audience : A narrative essay must engage the audience as much as possible. As a writer, you should go beyond telling the story and recreate what actually happened. This requires the use of words that appeal to the reader’s sensory and visual senses.

A clear plot : Ensure you have a clear plot. The reader should be able to tell who the characters are and what the story’s setting is. Besides the plot, a narrative essay should have a climax.

Keep it simple : The simpler the wording, the easier it is for the reader to understand your story. Avoid complex word choices and focus on telling your story in the simplest words possible.

Leave out unnecessary details : Narrative essays require writers to use vivid descriptions. However, do not overuse vivid descriptions. Focus on describing what is important and leave out unnecessary details.

Minimize references : Narrative essays are often stories from personal experience. As such, the use of references is not necessary. However, you still need to credit sources if you used them in your essay.

Use the first person : Avoid writing in the second person. As mentioned earlier, the use of the first-person pronoun ‘I’ is acceptable when writing narrative essays. Strive to write the story from your own point of view.

The thesis statement does not have to be concrete : Your introductory paragraph should have a thesis statement, just like most essays. However, the thesis statement does not need to be concrete for this type of essay. At this point, you may be wondering if a thesis statement is necessary. Yes, it is! As much as the story is about you, the audience should be able to learn something from it. The narrative should have a universal meaning that the reader can relate with.

Narrative Essay Topics

Sometimes, your professor will give you a topic for your narrative essay. However, you might need to pick your own topic sometimes.

You can get essay topic ideas by:

• Thinking about personal experiences
• Searching the internet
• Watching the news on TV
• Thinking about your hobbies, favorite movies, novels, et cetera
• Taking a walk where you can brainstorm and come up with ideas

If you cannot think about a good topic, you can place an order on WritingElites.net and we will save the day for you!

Below are some good essay topics you can consider for your narrative essay:

• My first day at school
• The day you watched your favorite football team play live
• An embarrassing moment
• A blind date
• An encounter with racism
• Getting lost in a new city
• A life-changing experience
• A day you lived in another planet
• Your discovery of a cure for a disease
• Life in a remote village that has 30 hours in a day

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Unique Characteristics of the Narrative Essay

Seth French

Telling a Story vs. Exploring a Topic

Most essays you have written up to this point in your academic career have likely introduced you to a certain topic and then asked you to explore that topic with three or more main points/examples/arguments. The narrative essay, in contrast, requires you to tell a story in order to communicate the specific message related to your writing topic. While there is certainly nothing wrong with other types of essays, it is vital that you approach this essay differently than how you approached others in order to successfully achieved a narrative style that is required.

Once you receive your writing prompt, begin brainstorming by thinking about what experiences from your past relate to the particular topic you’re writing about. As you recall these experiences, try to narrow down the experiences you will include in your essay to the best one or two that you think would be most appropriate to write about. Since you are writing a narrative essay, not a narrative chapter or book, the more stories you include, the less detail you will be able to include because you will simply run out of space. So, it’s best to focus on one or two personal stories that correspond well with the writing prompt so you can go into as much detail as possible.

Once you have selected the best personal example(s) you will write about, remember that you are telling a story, so your essay should include elements which are typically present in stories, such as the setting, characters, problem/conflict, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. While the level of detail you include regarding each of these elements will vary depending on your particular essay, be sure you don’t forget to discuss aspects that will help your reader better visualize the story you are telling them.

Use of Personal Pronouns

Language components of the narrative essay that separate it from other forms of writing are the common use of personal pronouns ( I, me, my, we, our(s), mine ), sensory language ( taste, hear, smell, feel, see ), dialogue, and the historical present / past tenses. Other forms of academic writing favor passive voice in which the agent is hidden and personal pronouns are limited, if not altogether absent. However, in the narrative essay you are sharing a personal experience with your audience, so it will sound most appropriate for you to use personal pronouns throughout your essay rather than use passive voice. In other words, if you were going to tell me about an event you attended with your friends, it would be more appropriate for you to say something such as, “We all had a really great time,” rather than, “A great time was had by everyone.”

Use of Sensory Language

Sensory language is often encouraged in narrative writing because it helps your audience bring themselves into your story as you share with them details that only you can tell them. When you read or hear some of your favorite stories, is it easy for you to visualize what the author is describing? If so, it is probably because the author is skilled at using sensory language to tell the story. While it is probably not necessary to include each of the five senses when you describe a particular event, you should consider which sensory details would be most useful for you to include in order to help your audience better visualize the setting(s) you describe. For instance, if your narrative setting were a concert, you would probably discuss the sights and sounds you experienced at that time as useful sensory details for your audience. On the other hand, if your narrative setting were a restaurant, it would perhaps make the most sense to discuss the smells and tastes you experienced. Thus, when you construct your narrative essay, consider which sensory details would be useful for you to include in order to more effectively engage your audience.

Use of Dialogue

The effective use of dialogue is another way of engaging your audience. Since your narrative essay contains characters who are interacting with one another, you should feel encouraged to share moments of dialogue within your narrative because it enables you to transition from simply telling your audience about what’s happening to actually immersing them in what’s happening.

Think for a moment about the conversations you have with your friends on a regular basis. When you’re telling them about an interaction you had with someone else or an event you witnessed, you probably include the dialogue from that other situation without even realizing it. The reason we do this often instinctively is because we understand that stories with dialogue are generally more interesting than those without dialogue.

For example, “When I was at Walmart the other day, I saw two men getting into an argument. The guy wearing the blue hat said, ‘I saw you trying to steal those. You better pay for them.’ Then the other guy said, ‘It’s none of your business.’ That made the guy in the blue hat mad, so he said, ‘You better pay for those, or else…’ They almost got into a fight. It made me really nervous to watch.”

Now, compare that to the following example: “When I was at Walmart the other day, I saw a guy with a blue hat arguing with another guy because the other guy was stealing something. They argued back and forth and almost got into a fight. It made me really nervous to watch.”

Which story is more intriguing, the first or the second? The first one, right? It’s funny how a small change like including dialogue can create such a significant difference in terms of engaging your audience.

Use of Historical Present and Past Tenses

Finally, the frequent use of historical present and past tense verbs also sets the narrative essay apart from other essays you may be used to writing. In many other academic writing contexts, present tense verbs are favored because they communicate general or ongoing events, truths, or realities. Present tense is a useful default tense to write in when your writing context is not particularly interested in the aspect of time. The narrative essay, in contrast, certainly emphasizes the aspect of time because you are telling a story which occurred in the past. Consequently, using the historical present or past tense to write about these events will work best in this context.

The historical present tense is useful when you are discussing an event that occurred in the past but would like to convey a sense of immediacy with it, as the following example illustrates: “So, I am at my house, and guess who calls me . . . My boss! I was worried at first, but then she tells me that she wants to give me a promotion! Isn’t that great?” In this example, the speaker is telling her friend about the unexpected call she received from her boss while she was at home. Rather than using all past tense verbs, the speaker uses the historical present tense to describe this event, which makes her friend feel as though she is experiencing the event at that moment rather than simply hearing about it.

Nevertheless, you should not feel as though you are restricted to using only these two verb tenses exclusively throughout your essay. Your thesis will likely be written using present tense verbs because your thesis will communicate some truth or realization you have learned through the experiences you share in your narrative. For example, if I were writing a narrative essay about a cultural tradition of the United States, I might write a thesis like this: “Celebrating Thanksgiving with my family reminds me that even though life can be hard and relationships can be complicated, I have so much to be thankful for.” As a general rule, use historical present or past tense verbs to discuss the events in your narrative which occurred in the past, and present tense verbs elsewhere. For more information regarding verb tense sequencing, refer to the appropriate link near the end of the “ Impact of the Thesis ” chapter under the “Useful Links” heading.

Chronological Organization

Since you are telling a story, it often makes the most sense to organize your essay chronologically in the order that the events happened. In other essays, you will likely organize your points/examples/arguments in the order of their importance or strength. The narrative essay, however, is easiest for your audience to follow if you structure the events chronologically. If your narrative contains two stories rather than one, either of the following organizational strategies can be effective:

• Oldest to most recent
• Most recent to oldest

Whichever organizational strategy you select, make sure the last story you share is strong because it will be the last opportunity you have to leave your audience with a positive impression of your essay.

Because the organization of the narrative is chronological, the transitional expressions you use within and between paragraphs will likely be chronological in nature as well. Consider using some of the following expressions and other similar expressions to transition from one event to the next as you construct your narrative essay: Then , Next , After that , Once that was over , When I/we had finished , Eventually, and Finally . Learning to use transitional expressions effectively will greatly enhance the quality of your writing.

Unique Characteristics of the Narrative Essay Copyright © 2020 by Seth French is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.

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Characteristics Of A Good Narrative Essay

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• Author Sandra W.

What Are The Characteristics Of A Good Narrative Essay?

A narrative essay gives a person the chance to talk about himself through a personal experience. It provides a platform where one reveals how a certain encounter changed his life and created a new way of seeing the world. A narrative essay should tell your story in a creative and interesting manner. This type of essay presents the writer’s story in an entertaining way. We at iwriteessays.com give you the best tips on how to start a narrative essay.

1. Characteristics of a good narrative essay

• Involves readers in the story -  for an interesting story, the events of the narrative must incorporate readers in the incidences. Recreate the original story to fit in your readers.
• Relates events in sequence -  recreate the events in yours story to be at specific scenes set at actual places and in actual times.
• Include detailed observations of people, voices, places, and events-  you should give vivid description in a re-created way. Give actual dialogues, names of people, sounds, and sights.
• Present important changes, differences, conflicts, and create moods -  the events in your essay should relate to a real life setting. A conflict between characters might make the readers more anxious to know what will become of the conflicting characters.
• Tells the story from the first person’s point of view "I”
• Connects the past to the present  –  you should present your narrative in a way that it relates to today’s world.
• Communicates the thesis statement -  all the events in your story should relate to the main idea behind the narrative. The thesis must be clear to the reader.

2. How To Write A Narrative Essay Outline, Body, And Finalize The Essay

• Prewrite the narrative -  this step requires you to think of a topic to write about. This includes a human experience, which the writer feels emotionally connected to. After choosing a topic, brainstorm on a perfect event that will explain the thesis behind a story.
• Draft a narrative essay -  a draft includes an outline of how the main essay will look like. In coming up with an effective draft make use of the characteristics of a good narrative essay as given above.
• Write and revise your essay -  use the outline prepared to write your essay. Revise your essay while making exceptions of reviewing and reorganisation of the work.
• Edit your essay -  in this segment proofread your essay and correct errors to improve style and clarity. 

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"Creating a relatable narrative means digging deep, asking hard questions and potentially airing some uncomfortable truths." 1 Though it follows the same structure as other essay types, the purpose of a narrative essay is to entertain the audience while making them think. Emotive and sensory language is featured in narrative essays to connect with the reader and discuss an idea in a somewhat more informal style than other types of essays.

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• Fundamental Frequency
• Interdental
• International Phonetic Alphabet
• Labiodental
• Manner of Articulation
• Monophthong
• Nasal Sound
• Oral Cavity
• Phonetic Accommodation
• Phonetic Assimilation
• Place of Articulation
• Sound Spectrum
• Source Filter Theory
• Spectrogram
• Voice Articulation
• Vowel Chart
• Alliteration
• Complementary Distribution
• Phonotactics
• Sound Symbolisms
• Commissives
• Communication Accommodation Theory
• Conversational Implicature
• Cooperative Principle
• Declarative
• Definiteness
• Deictic centre
• Deictic expressions
• Expressives
• Figure of Speech
• Grice's Conversational Maxims
• Indexicality
• Paralanguage
• Politeness Theory
• Presupposition
• Semantics vs. Pragmatics
• Speech Acts
• Aggressive vs Friendly Tone
• Curious vs Encouraging Tone
• Dissimilation
• Feminine Rhyme
• Hypocritical vs Cooperative Tone
• Masculine Rhyme
• Monosyllabic Rhyme
• Multisyllabic
• Optimistic vs Worried Tone
• Serious vs Humorous Tone
• Stress of a Word
• Suprasegmental
• Surprised Tone
• Tone English Langugage
• Analyzing Informational Texts
• Comparing Texts
• Context Cues
• Creative Writing
• Digital Resources
• Ethical Issues In Data Collection
• Formulate Questions
• Internet Search Engines
• Literary Analysis
• Personal Writing
• Print Resources
• Research Process
• Research and Analysis
• Technical Writing
• Action Verbs
• Adjectival Clause
• Adverbial Clause
• Anthropomorphism
• Appositive Phrase
• Argument from Authority
• Argumentation
• Auditory Description
• Basic Rhetorical Modes
• Begging the Question
• Building Credibility
• Causal Flaw
• Causal Relationships
• Cause and Effect Rhetorical Mode
• Central Idea
• Chronological Description
• Circular Reasoning
• Circumlocution
• Classical Appeals
• Classification
• Close Reading
• Coherence Between Sentences
• Coherence within Paragraphs
• Coherences within Sentences
• Complex Rhetorical Modes
• Compound Complex Sentences
• Concessions
• Concrete Adjectives
• Concrete Nouns
• Consistent Voice
• Counter Argument
• Definition by Negation
• Description
• Description Rhetorical mode
• Direct Discourse
• Equivocation
• Extended Metaphor
• False Connections
• False Dichotomy
• False Equivalence
• Faulty Analogy
• Faulty Causality
• Fear Arousing
• Gustatory Description
• Hasty Generalization
• Illustration
• Induction Rhetoric
• Levels of Coherence
• Line of Reasoning
• Missing the Point
• Modifiers that Qualify
• Modifiers that Specify
• Narration Rhetorical Mode
• Non-Sequitur
• Non-Testable Hypothesis
• Objective Description
• Olfactory Description
• Paragraphing
• Parenthetical Element
• Participial Phrase
• Personal Narrative
• Placement of Modifiers
• Post-Hoc Argument
• Process Analysis Rhetorical Mode
• Red Herring
• Reverse Causation
• Rhetorical Fallacy
• Rhetorical Modes
• Rhetorical Question
• Rhetorical Situation
• Scare Tactics
• Sentimental Appeals
• Situational Irony
• Slippery Slope
• Spatial Description
• Straw Man Argument
• Subject Consistency
• Subjective Description
• Tactile Description
• Tense Consistency
• Tone and Word Choice
• Transitions
• Twisting the Language Around
• Unstated Assumption
• Verbal Irony
• Visual Description
• Authorial Intent
• Authors Technique
• Language Choice
• Prompt Audience
• Prompt Purpose
• Rhetorical Strategies
• Understanding Your Audience
• Auditory Imagery
• Gustatory Imagery
• Olfactory Imagery
• Tactile Imagery
• Main Idea and Supporting Detail
• Statistical Evidence
• Communities of Practice
• Cultural Competence
• Gender Politics
• Heteroglossia
• Intercultural Communication
• Methodology
• Research Methodology
• Constituent
• Object Subject Verb
• Subject Verb Object
• Syntactic Structures
• Universal Grammar
• Verb Subject Object
• Author Authority
• Direct Quote
• First Paragraph
• Historical Context
• Intended Audience
• Primary Source
• Second Paragraph
• Secondary Source
• Source Material
• Third Paragraph
• Character Analysis
• Citation Analysis
• Text Structure Analysis
• Vocabulary Assessment

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Narrative Essay Definition

Another word for narrative is "story." At its foundation, a narrative tells its audience about something, whether through a book report, personal experience, or news story. A narrative essay uses a personal account to examine a theme , such as a moral question or universal truth. Writing a narrative essay involves some creative adventure, as its descriptive nature allows you to write an essay that stretches your creative writing muscles.

Structure of a Narrative Essay

A narrative essay follows the standard essay structure with an introduction , body paragraphs , and conclusion .

The introduction is where you begin to relate the personal story that illustrates the theme of the narrative essay. Immerse the reader in your experience using crisp details. Be sure to balance your introduction evenly by connecting your personal account to your Thesis Statement .

Body Paragraphs

The body paragraphs are the part of the structure where you weave between expressing your story and discussing how it fits into the significant theme. Be mindful of the Transitions in your narrative essay to avoid jarring the audience's attention.

The conclusion brings everything full circle for the reader. Remind the reader of your narrative essay's Thesis and main points by summarizing them.

Leave a lasting impression in your conclusion by:

• Telling the audience what you learned from the experience.
• Discussing why the audience should be aware of your topic.
• Digging deeper into the theme of your narrative essay — without offering new information.

Like the pencil above, your mind creates new branches dedicated to critical thinking, self-awareness, and empathy as you structure a life experience into a narrative essay. Making growth and development visible in your essay will also add complexity to your writing.

Features of Narrative Essays

There are three significant features of narrative essays you'll want to include in your paper: characters , dialogue , theme , setting , plot , and conflict .

The characters are the people in your narrative essay (yourself and anyone else involved). Write your characters in a way that makes them seem authentic. Focus on behavior more than physical description. Another way to flesh out your characters is through the second feature, dialogue.

Dialogue is a valuable tool to describe people in a way that "shows" rather than "tells." You can learn a lot about a person's character by their words and how they say them. The dialogue in your narrative essay can be direct (exact words) or indirect (a paraphrase of the conversation).

The theme is one of the most important features of your narrative essay, as the purpose of the essay is to explore it. Your theme should illustrate some part of the human experience.

The setting of the narrative essay will be where your personal experience took place. When writing about a location, include details about its timeframe, social environment, and physical characteristics. Depending on the length of your essay, it may be best to only feature setting details that support the theme.

The plot is the way things happened. The narrative essay is a dance between your personal story and theme. Allow them to work together as you share and expand on the main points.

The conflict is the struggle that characters come up against. The conflict in your narrative essay gives it a purpose. Use the theme to discuss the conflict and show personal development.

Show don't tell. This piece of advice will pop up in every writing class you take and means that you should describe something using sensory and action words instead of vague descriptive labels. We all agree sunsets are beautiful, but what is beautiful to you?

A feature unique to narrative essays is that they are not "just the facts" and invite personal reflections. However, lest we invite anarchy, let's discuss the rules.

• Do use emotional language in narrative essays, but don't be melodramatic . Use the emotions you felt while living your story to help the audience relate to the topic of your paper. Exaggerated emotions come across as insincere and will disengage the audience.
• Do include sensory details in narrative essays, but don't drown the reader . The sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and how things feel are essential parts of a story and bring the reader into that moment. However, it is best to focus on the primary senses used in the situation so you can explore them more deeply.
• Verb tenses can change in narrative essays, but don't overdo it. In a typical essay, only present tense is used and the main points discussed are organized by how important they are to relating information or proving your point. A narrative essay usually unfolds in chronological order, so, whether you choose to share the events first to last or last to first, be consistent. Try to keep time traveling to a minimum to avoid confusing your audience.
• Personal pronouns are welcome in narrative essays but avoid excessive "I" statements. How do you feel when conversing with someone who constantly talks about themselves? Too many "I" statements in your narrative essay come across as egotistical .

Egotistical: an adjective that describes someone who is excessively self-absorbed.

The Importance of Narrative Essays

While you are learning to write a compelling narrative essay, you:

• Improve your reading skills . Learning about the structure and features of narrative essays helps you recognize them while you read others' writing.
• Improve your writing skills . Developing your writing style through a narrative essay teaches you to be conscious of your intended audience.
• Develop a richer understanding of language . Playing with emotive and sensory language while writing a narrative essay allows you to appreciate more experimental writers.
• Learn to refine your thoughts . As you examine your experience and structure it into a narrative essay, your writing helps you logically process your feelings. Writing a narrative allows you to analyze cultural beliefs relative to your perspective.

Real-World Applications of Narrative Essays

A more practical reason to master the narrative essay is its use as a standard tool (often taking the form of a personal Statement or cover letter) for judging how well a person fits into an organization.

Personal Statements as Narrative Essays

Personal statements are required by many college and scholarship applications. As the admission board reads over your account, they consider what you write and how you talk about yourself in your writing. Personal statements are expected to be about a page long.

Personal statements include two categories.

• Open : You are allowed to choose the topic. It is difficult to narrow your whole life down to fit an essay. Don't overthink it. Accentuate your insightful decision-making skills by choosing an experience you can structure with a deep narrative rather than stringing together various life events.
• Prompt : The application asks you to answer a question or outlines what to feature in your essay. A prompt eliminates the task of choosing a topic, but how do we describe ourselves to a stranger? Ask the people who know you best for their input.

Cover Letters as Narrative Essays

A cover letter is a document that features your skills in a way that supplements your job application or resume and helps you to build a positive relationship with the employer before you meet them. It is similar to the narrative essay because you write about how you gained your knowledge and experience. However, the tone should be friendly yet professional, and the letter should not exceed one page.

Structure the cover letter to feature:

• Your qualifications.
• How you will be a positive addition to the team.
• Experiences that are directly relatable to the position.
• Skills you've learned in other contexts that are transferable to the position.

Once your awesome cover letter lands you an interview, prepare yourself for the verbal equivalent of a narrative essay by brainstorming answers to questions like, "What was a difficult situation you found yourself in and your reaction to it?"

Example of a Narrative Essay

Read the following example of a narrative essay and consider these questions:

• The theme of this narrative essay is the fleeting nature of time. Does the author clearly express this? Which sentence is the thesis statement?
• The example essay includes the narrative features of characters and dialogue . Direct and indirect dialogue are both present. Are the characters lifelike? Is the dialogue effective?
• Are there enough concrete details in the example narrative essay to draw the reader into the moment?
• The writing sample follows the structure of a narrative essay. Are there smooth Transitions between the paragraphs?

Time behaves oddly. Some periods in my life have felt like they were never going to end, and others like they barely had the chance to happen at all. It's distressing to learn that Time doesn't consider our needs when we lose someone we love. Scratch distressing — it feels like we are waiting inside the penthouse elevator, and the cables just got cut . Getting caught up in the day-to-day, infinite nature of time often leaves us wishing we had been more conscious of the finite way it operates in our personal lives.

Narrative Essay - Key takeaways

• A narrative essay uses personal experience, featuring characters and dialogue, to discuss a theme.
• A narrative essay is structured into an introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion that conform to its unique stylistic features.
• Narrative essays feature emotional language, sensory details, and can switch verb tenses. Personal pronouns are welcome when used with care.
• Learning to write narrative essays is essential because it can improve your reading, writing, and comprehension skills. They can also help you develop your critical thinking skills.
• Personal statements and cover letters are situations where you will use your narrative essay skills.

1 Badillo, Ann, Tim Donovan, and Tobin Trevarthen. Narrative Generation: Why Narrative Will Become Your Most Valuable Asset in the Next Five Years . 2016

Frequently Asked Questions about Narrative Essay

--> what is a narrative essay.

A narrative essay uses personal experience to discuss a theme.

--> How do you write a narrative essay?

To write a narrative essay, pick a moral or universal truth to explore. Think about your life experiences and choose one that connects with your theme. Use concrete details to share your story and examine the theme.

--> What are the structures of a narrative essay?

A narrative essay begins with an introduction, explores its theme in the body paragraphs, and ties everything together in its conclusion. A thesis statement is included in the Introduction to convey the subject and ideas of the essay. 

--> What are some examples of narrative essays?

Some examples of narrative essays are:

• "Goodbye to All That" by Joan Didion
• "Writing Into the Wound" by Roxanne Gay
• "Death of a Moth" by Virginia Woolf
• "Notes of a Native Son" by James Baldwin

--> What are the five basic components of narrative essays?

Narrative essays contain five basic components:

Final Narrative Essay Quiz

Narrative essay quiz - teste dein wissen.

A _____ essay uses personal experience to examine a moral or universal truth.

Show answer

Show question

How are events in a narrative essay ordered?

Events are told in chronological order in a narrative essay.

What are three things learning to write a narrative essay can improve?

Learning to write a narrative essay can improve your comprehension, your reading, and your writing abilities.

How is a narrative essay structured?

A narrative essay is structured into an introduction, a body, and a conclusion.

Where is the thesis statement located in a narrative essay?

What are the two types of dialogue you can include in your narrative essay?

The two types of dialogue you can include in your narrative essay are:

• Direct (exact words)
• Indirect (a paraphrase of the conversation)

Which features are unique to a Narrative essay?

All of the above

Why are transitions important in a Narrative essay?

Transitions are important in a Narrative essay because it's disorienting to readers to have to stop reading to figure out what's going on.

How can you leave a lasting impression in the conclusion of a Narrative essay?

Why are concrete details in a Narrative important?

Concrete details in a narrative essay are important because they draw the reader into the experience. 

True or false: cover letters and personal statements are real-world applications of narrative essays.

True. Personal statements ask you to talk about yourself within the guidelines of a theme. Cover letters ask you to tell the story of how you gained your skills.

It  is a central message in a work of art or writing.

It  is where you begin to relate the personal story that illustrates the theme of the narrative essay.

The introduction

It is the part of the structure where you weave between expressing your story and discussing how it fits into the significant theme.  

Body paragraphs

It  brings everything full circle for the reader.

The conclusion

It is  the people in your narrative essay (yourself and anyone else involved).

It is is a valuable tool to describe people in a way that "shows" rather than "tells."  

It is  where your personal experience took place.  

It  is the way things happened.

It  is the struggle that characters come up against.

The conflict

It is exaggerated emotions.

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Narrative Essay: Inside Out

What is a narrative essay?

How is it different from other essay types?

How to write a narrative essay so it would impress a teacher, or any other reader, and be worth sharing and retelling?

This ultimate guide on narrative writing gets all the answers straight.

Table of Contents:

• Purpose of narrative essays
• Characteristics of narrative essays
• Choose a topic
• Outline the details
• Write a draft
• Revise the draft
• Edit your narrative essay
• Do’s and don’ts of your narrative essay
• Narrative essay samples

What is a Narrative Essay?

Why do we call it narrative?

Because you use a particular way of telling your story and explaining its events, known as “narrative.” Here goes the narrative definition:

Beemgee described it best:

Essay Outline: General

Narrative turns a story into information and influences the way how readers will perceive it. In other words, narrative builds your story .

So, your narrative essay is a type of paper, where you tell a story using a particular format and all elements of storytelling.

Okay, we know what you are thinking:

Source: Giphy

Keep calm! Everything is much easier than it seems.

Purpose of Narrative Essays

Narrative essays are about telling stories to your readers. It’s their fundamental purpose. You, the writer, tell about the personal experience but also make a point for readers to understand why you tell about it and why your story is important to share.

In a narrative essay, you simply guide a reader and allow them to draw own conclusions. You don’t criticize anything and don’t try to persuade them with arguments or prove them anything. That’s exactly what makes a narrative essay different from other academic papers.

Let’s compare:

Feel free to check our ultimate guide on how to write a persuasive essay and see the difference between these two essay types in more details.

Why write personal narrative essays?

Doing so, you learn to voice your opinion, views, and beliefs to the world. You learn to express and share thoughts consistently and intriguingly so people would get involved and inspired by your story.

It’s all about storytelling:

A human brain retains 70% of information through stories and 95% – through emotions; so the only way to make people want to listen to you is to tell them a story.

Source: One Spot

And such writing assignments as narrative essays help you learn how to tell stories so that others would listen to you.

Your narrative, if written right, is the best way to share views and make others see the world through your eyes. It’s the best way to make them listen, broaden the mind, and be more creative about own experience and lives.

The power of personal narrative is hard to overestimate. Just watch this awesome TED talk by Christian Jensen! Isn’t inspiring and motivating enough?

Characteristics of Narrative Essays

A narrative essay doesn’t equal a short story. It’s not fiction. It’s still an academic paper, non-fiction writing about an experience that actually happened.

If you write a fictional story, it’s no longer a narrative essay.

So, the narrative essay characteristics are:

• Informal, written in the 1st person. (You are a storyteller here.)
• With a purpose to inform, not argue or teach.
• Describes a person, a scene, or an event in details and chronological order.
• Non-fictional, tells about the actual experience.
• Includes the elements of a story but follows the structure of an essay.

The Structure of a Narrative Essay

As well as any other college paper , a narrative essay has its structure. But given that it’s kinda informal writing about your personal experience in real life, it will have a format and elements peculiar to narratives (storytelling).

Here they go:

1 – Elements

Every narrative should have five elements to become a story: plot , setting , character , conflict , and theme . Sounds difficult at first glance, but what if look closer?

• Plot: it’s the events happening in your essay (story). For example, you write about how you learned swimming and describe what you did/how it influenced your mood and swimming skills.
• Setting: it’s when and where the events happen; in other words, it’s location and time. For example, you learned swimming in the pool of your local school, in the winter of 2013.
• Character: it’s a protagonist who drives a plot of your story. Also, there can be supporting characters. Thus, you are the protagonist of your essay about swimming, and the supporting characters are your friends May and Jerry who went to the pool with you.

In classical storytelling, a character is a hero who has to set off on a journey and deal with all antagonists and conflicts to come back home with a reward or wisdom.

Source: SlideShare

It was Joseph Campbell, mythologist who developed the hero’s journey in literature. Read his book The Hero with a Thousand Faces if want to learn the tricks behind writing compelling stories.

Or, check The Writer’s Journey , the book by Disney’s screenwriter Christopher Vogler to reveal storytelling secrets behind all movie blockbusters. It’s a kinda practical guide to above mentioned The Hero with a Thousand Faces .

• Conflict: it’s a problem the character resolves, a moment of tension he needs to win through. In our example, the conflict was the challenge for you to swim with legs and arms together.

In literature, a conflict is defined as a hero’s struggle with opposing force. These forces are three: other characters (enemies), outside forces (society, nature, technology, fate), and a hero himself (his internal conflict).

In your narrative essay, feel free to use any of those three conflict types.

• Theme: it’s the moral of a story. What have you learned? What do you want the readers to understand? Back to the example with the essay about swimming: you’ve learned to swim; you want to encourage readers to learn new things, be brave and not afraid of challenges.

To combine all the five elements into a strong narrative essay, make sure you follow the format known as the narrative arc . It’s five phases your plot should get through to become a story.

In short, a narrative arc is the sequence of the events in your story.

In details, it’s the chronological construction of your plot, and it consists of five components: exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. Back in 1863, German novelist Gustav Freytag studied common patterns in stories’ plots and described a narrative arc as a pyramid:

Read more about a narrative arc at Reedsy .

And here’s a short description of narrative arc components, with Cinderella as an example.

• Exposition: it’s the introduction of your story, with the background information about main characters and setting. Cinderella: awful life, evil stepmother and sisters.
• Rising action: it’s the moment when conflict appears, a trigger that creates tension and makes the readers understand what your story is about. Cinderella: gets invited to the ball, makes clothes.
• Climax: it’s the main event of your story, the height of tension, when the protagonist faces the truth, needs to make a choice, etc. Cinderella: goes to the ball, meets a prince.
• Falling action: it’s the result of that choice, the moment of conflict resolution. Cinderella: time to go, back to the awful life but with the new experience.
• Resolution: it’s the conclusion of your story, with a moral or point of view you wanted to share. Cinderella: the prince finds her, they live happily.

If you want your narrative essay to rock, make sure you format it with all five components in mind. Or, use three basic ones at least: exposition (in the introduction), climax (in the essay body), and resolution (in your essay conclusion ).

3 – Structure

You need to structure a narrative essay by the rules of academic writing. For that, use a standard 5-paragraph essay format:

Write an introduction (the exposition of your narrative essay). Don’t forget to add a hook, a thesis statement, and a description of your topic.

Craft three paragraphs of your essay body (the rising action, climax, and falling action). Tell about the setting, the characters, events that happened, conflict, and its aftermath.

And write a conclusion (the resolution). Explain the moral of your story, why it’s significant, and what the audience might want to do after reading it.

Narrative Essay Structure

4 – Language

More often than not, narrative essays are about personal experience and thoughts. So you need to express them with a big voice for readers to believe your story. In writing, it refers to language patterns and sentence structures, as well as your tone and ability to “draw” images with words so readers could imagine themselves in the described situation.

How to do that?

• Stay consistent: follow the narrative arc of your story, and don’t tell anything that didn’t happen.

How to Write a Narrative Essay: Step by Step

The process of narrative essay writing is not that different from other college assignments. First, you need to choose a topic and do research on it. Second, you craft the outline with as many details as you can and start writing a draft. Third, you revise the essay, edit it, and submit to a teacher for review.

Like taking candy from a baby, right?

Here’s how to write a personal narrative essay so that it will not only help you get a high grade but also wow and inspire the readers.

Step 1 – Choose a Topic

As a rule, teachers give you the freedom of choice when it comes to the narrative essay topics. And that’s the problem. You just sit and can’t come up with the idea of what to write. Here is the risk of choosing the very first topic that comes to your mind, but don’t do that!

The success of your narrative essay depends on its topic too. You need to choose something both interesting to you and appealing enough to hook the audience. For that, do brainstorming:

• Ask yourself questions on what bothers you and what you’d like to tell or discuss with others.
• Use social media for brainstorming your narrative essay topic: what your peers discuss, what they share, what message you’d like to send with your essay.
• Take a walk and think, think, think until you come up with an idea.
• Try free writing: take a pen and a notebook and just start writing down all thoughts that come to your mind. Re-read what you’ve written. Are there any ideas you could use as a topic for your narrative essay?

Here go topic examples. (If stuck with choosing yours, feel free to ask our writers for help.)

Topics to Choose for Your Next Narrative Essay

Experience: – The most frightening experience I ever had. – How I learned swimming (cooking, playing guitar, etc.) – It was the moment I changed my life philosophy. – The most embarrassing moment of my life. – Why I’ll never support vegans again.

School years: – My favorite subject in school was… You’ll never guess. – Why my English teacher could be your best friend. – How my best friend from school influenced my life. – The day when my parents said no to my homework. – I participated in primary school events, and I regret it.

Childhood: – My most memorable birthday party. – Why I’ll never say thank you to my father. – How I stole a cat that meowed on my dog. – The only game I miss from childhood. – The day when I cried for the first and last time in my life.

Relationships: – This friendship breakup cost me a year of life. – My worst quarrel with parents. – The friend zone none of you would handle. – About Cathy, a person I fear losing the most. – This joke cost me the best friend.

Morality: – It was the hardest decision for me. – They’ll never call me a coward again. – That’s why it’s okay to lie sometimes. – How to treat strangers well if they don’t do the same. – Are you ready for rebel acts for the sake of goodness?

Interests: – The song/movie that touched me the most. – The book character I associate myself with. – The famous person from the past I’d like to meet. – If I were a politician, I’d be… – The superpower I’d like to have, and why.

Traveling: – The place in the world everyone needs to visit. – It was my worst trip ever. – How travels to the countryside can change your world view. – The best place for a family vacation. – Top things to take with you to the mountains.

Student life: – The most exhausting exam I had in college. – How I dropped out of college and what happened. – The moment I’ve understood: college life put me in depression. – This person influenced my social life in college. – Why I decided not to enter university.

Imagine if: – You had a time machine. – You were a book character. – You were born in a different country. – You’ve become a superhero. – You’ve wakened up being an animal.

Step 2 – Outline the Details

Unlike with argumentative essays, narrative ones are about your personal life and experiences; so, you won’t need any specific research to support facts, arguments, or your thesis statement .

However, you need to organize thoughts so you could make a claim for your thesis and see if there are any gaps in your knowledge to describe all the details in your narrative essay. For that, create an outline .

Here’s the sample for you to follow:

Narrative Essay Outline (Sample)

I. Introduction (one paragraph)

a) hook and background information b) specific moment that makes your essay matter c) thesis

II. Body (three paragraphs minimum, but don’t limit yourself if the assignment requirements allow)

a) the point that led you to the conflict (think of feelings and emotions you experienced) b) the actual moment (the climax of your story): write about tension, anxiety, or other feelings you experienced; compare them with some universal ideas so your readers would understand you c) the result (resolution): write about the lesson you’ve learned, think of questions your readers might ask, answer them in your essay

III. Conclusion (one paragraph)

a) restate the thesis and major points of your essay (back to lessons learned) b) think of a question or a call to action for readers: what’s in there for them in your essay; what can they learn from it?

Once the outline is ready, evaluate the clarity of your topic and re-organize your thoughts if necessary.

Make sure that your outline has enough supporting details to reinforce the claim and tell a compelling story.

Step 3 – Write a Draft

Now it’s time to start writing and organize the content of your essay right.

Divide your outline into three parts: a setup of your story, its main part with the climax, and a conclusion. Describe each, following the course of events. Remember about the narrative arc and don’t miss any details: readers weren’t there, so stay clear and “paint” the picture for them to get involved in your story.

Oh yes, and write your narrative essay from the 1st person. It’s your story, after all.

Step 4 – Revise a Draft

Once the first draft is ready, put it aside and wait for a few hours before revising it. Take a walk, a nap, a cup of coffee, whatever. You need to abstract yourself from the story for a while so you could evaluate your writing from a fresh perspective.

Read through your narrative essay and make sure it includes all elements of a story. Identify where more details are needed and what details to remove so they wouldn’t distract readers from the plot.

Answer the questions:

• Is my essay easy to read and understand for an average reader?
• Do I involve readers in my experience?
• Are my words descriptive enough? Do I show or just inform readers about the events?
• Have I conveyed the message? Will the reader understand the connection between the event and its meaning?
• Do I follow the structure of narrative essays? Does my story have a clear introduction and conclusion?

Step 5 – Edit Your Narrative Essay

This stage refers to finding rough spots in your narrative essay, proofreading it to avoid spelling and grammar mistakes, and revising its language and style for better clarity and readability.

When editing, use applications like Grammarly or ProWritingAid to check grammar and spelling. Remove double spacing, replace misspellings, and rewrite too complex sentences into simple ones.

Don’t use terms of many meanings. Delete all repeats: words, arguments, ideas. Paraphrase where it’s hard to understand the sense and verify the citations wherever needed.

Ask someone to read your essay before you submit it to a teacher. They may notice the mistakes you’ve missed or share their opinion on your essay. It can help you improve the story and make it more compelling.

Still not sure if your narrative essay is ready to captivate readers and earn you A+? You may ask professional here on Bid4Papers for help and advanced tips on essay writing.

Do’s and Don’ts of Your Narrative Essay

To make this long guide easier for you to grasp, here is the short list of do’s and don’ts to remember when writing your narrative essay.

• Start with some provoking info to hook readers: a question, a definition, a quote, a fact, etc.
• Write from the 1st person. (A 3rd person is okay, too.)
• State a point: what do you want to say by your essay?
• Try to evoke all five senses in your essay: what you saw, heard, felt, smelled, etc.
• Follow the format: include all components of a good story to your narrative essay.
• Make sure your story has a conflict.
• Describe events in chronological order.
• Use clear and descriptive language: power words, transition words , short sentences.
• Avoid slang, too formal language, and arguments like in persuasive essays.
• Avoid second-person narrative.
• Don’t tell, show. And make a point.
• Avoid writing about each and every movement of your character in the essay: specify key points that drive the plot.
• Don’t format references the way you do it in MLA essays .
• Remember that your narrative essay is not a short story. Write about true events, don’t create fiction stories.

Narrative Essay Samples

• How to Write an Essay: 10 Easy Steps
• Narrative Essay: Characteristics and Examples
• How to Write Narrative (video by Jeremy Thompson)
• 500 Prompts for Narrative and Personal Writing
• The Narrative Essay: It Differs From a Simple Story

And now, citing the above mentioned Christian Jensen and his TED talk:

“How will you use the power of your own personal narrative to accomplish things that no one else can?”

Frequently Asked Questions

First of all, for students, we have collected a small base of answers to questions about how narrative writing is constructed and what you will need for writing. Thanks to this, you can cope successfully with the task and get a positive grade from the teacher.

– What is a Narrative Essay?

A classic personal narrative essay involves telling a specific story with its own moral, main body, conclusion, and beginning. Such a research paper develops writing skills and allows you to share your creative experiences. The main feature is that you will be able to use your experience, vision of the situation, and conclusions that you were able to make. That is why this type of work is one of the most favorite among students.

– How to create a Narrative Essay

We first recommend seeing personal narrative examples to understand better the work’s essence and the result you should get. You need to analyze the chosen topic and make a list of arguments that you will use. You will then be able to develop ideas and give examples from personal experience. You should also follow a standard structure with main, initial, and concluding parts.

– What is the difference between a narrative essay and a descriptive essay?

If you look at personal narrative essay examples, you will immediately see the difference. In a narrative essay, you need to tell as complete a story as possible, which will look like a research paper. On the other hand, narrative essays are relatively short descriptions of a particular concept, object, or situation. The first assignment is usually much more creative.

– How to start a narrative essay?

It is best to begin any scholarly work, especially creative work, with a hook. That way, you can hook readers right away and give them a chance to read your essay to the end. You can initially give an interesting figure, fact, or statistic. Well, and of course, do not forget about the classic structure, which means writing a full-fledged introduction.

Our Writing Guides

8 thoughts on “ narrative essay: inside out ”.

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The blog for English students at Cromwell College.

Features of narrative writing.

• 53 Comments

Very soon many of you will be writing a narrative. To help you with that I have posted the features of narrative writing from English Online .

The basic purpose of narrative is to entertain, to gain and hold a readers’ interest. However narratives can also be written to teach or inform, to change attitudes / social opinions eg soap operas and television dramas that are used to raise topical issues. Narratives sequence people/characters in time and place but differ from recounts in that through the sequencing, the stories set up one or more problems, which must eventually find a way to be resolved.

Types of Narrative

There are many types of narrative. They can be imaginary, factual or a combination of both. They may include fairy stories, mysteries, science fiction, romances, horror stories, adventure stories, fables, myths and legends, historical narratives, ballads, slice of life, personal experience.

• Characters with defined personalities/identities.
• Dialogue often included – tense may change to the present or the future.
• Descriptive language to create images in the reader’s mind and enhance the story.

In a Traditional Narrative the focus of the text is on a series of actions:

Orientation: (introduction) in which the characters, setting and time of the story are established. Usually answers who? when? where? eg. Mr Wolf went out hunting in the forest one dark gloomy night.

Complication or problem: The complication usually involves the main character(s) (often mirroring the complications in real life).

Resolution: There needs to be a resolution of the complication. The complication may be resolved for better or worse/happily or unhappily. Sometimes there are a number of complications that have to be resolved. These add and sustain interest and suspense for the reader.

To help students plan for writing of narratives, model, focusing on:

• Plot: What is going to happen?
• Setting: Where will the story take place? When will the story take place?
• Characterisation: Who are the main characters? What do they look like?
• Structure: How will the story begin? What will be the problem? How is the problem going to be resolved?
• Theme: What is the theme / message the writer is attempting to communicate?
• Action verbs : Action verbs provide interest to the writing. For example, instead of The old woman was in his way try The old woman barred his path. Instead of She laughed try She cackled .
• Written in the first person (I, we) or the third person (he, she, they).
• Usually past tense .
• Connectives,linking words to do with time.
• Specific nouns : Strong nouns have more specific meanings, eg. oak as opposed to tree .
• Active nouns : Make nouns actually do something, eg. It was raining could become Rain splashed down or There was a large cabinet in the lounge could become A large cabinet seemed to fill the lounge .
• Careful use of adjectives and adverbs : Writing needs judicious use of adjectives and adverbs to bring it alive, qualify the action and provide description and information for the reader.
• What does it smell like?
• What can be heard?
• What can be seen – details?
• What does it taste like?
• What does it feel like?
• Simile : A direct comparison, using like or as or as though, eg. The sea looked as rumpled as a blue quilted dressing gown. Or The wind wrapped me up like a cloak.
• Metaphor : An indirect or hidden comparison, eg. She has a heart of stone or He is a stubborn mule or The man barked out the instructions.
• Onomatopoeia : A suggestion of sound through words, eg. crackle, splat, ooze, squish, boom, eg. The tyres whir on the road. The pitter-patter of soft rain. The mud oozed and squished through my toes.
• Personification : Giving nonliving things (inanimate) living characteristics, eg. The steel beam clenched its muscles. Clouds limped across the sky. The pebbles on the path were grey with grief.
• Rhetorical Questions: Often the author asks the audience questions, knowing of course there will be no direct answer. This is a way of involving the reader in the story at the outset, eg. Have you ever built a tree hut?
• Participles : “Jumping with joy I ran home to tell mum my good news.”
• Adverbs : “Silently the cat crept toward the bird”
• Adjectives : “Brilliant sunlight shone through the window”
• Nouns : “Thunder claps filled the air”
• Adverbial Phrases : “Along the street walked the girl as if she had not a care in the world.”
• Conversations/Dialogue: these may be used as an opener. This may be done through a series of short or one-word sentences or as one long complex sentence.
• Show, Don’t Tell : Students have heard the rule “show, don’t tell” but this principle is often difficult for some writers to master.
• Personal Voice : It may be described as writing which is honest and convincing. The author is able to ‘put the reader there’. The writer invests something of him/her self in the writing. The writing makes an impact on the reader. It reaches out and touches the reader. A connection is made.

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• Posted by ncowie in Creative Writing
• Tagged: creative writng , English Online , narrative writing

53 thoughts on “ Features of Narrative Writing ”

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this will really informative for us English teachers…. thanks.

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resolution – when the conflict is revoled

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thanks a lot….i already have the idea as to what to discuss in my english class…

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thanks i find this website now i have a answer for my assignment in english about narrative

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like it…….. thank you.

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This is such a find! Couple of days from now, I’ll be on Introduction to Narratives to my students. This is a lot of help. Thanks! God bless and more power…

i learn a lot i love to write so this is very , very helpful for me. THANKS1

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Good source/reference

I read your postings and am realy impressed by them. Could you help me differenciate between narrative and descriptive, and also explain expository writing.

is narrative writing the same as descriptive writing? bt all in all this was really helpful, thumbs up!!!!!

Narrative prose is like going 4 a funeral watching everything,after that u might go narrating ur event or what u saw that might interest you.

Very easy to study, keep it up

You made my life more easy thankyou

it was helpful yet if the site could insert more example it would be better

Good for Cambrige A LEVEL English

Very useful information as am English teacher. Thanks

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